0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdffd

66

Upload: others

Post on 01-Aug-2020

7 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������ ����������������������������� ����� !��"�$#&%�'(#)�*'���+��-,.���/( 0��/1��"�32�45�7698;:<�>=�?@?�A BC�D�E,+������

FHGJILKNMLOQPSRUTWVXGJYJZ[T\�]J^L] OW_ ?7`�a.bdc@ce

Page 2: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD
Page 3: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������ ����������������������������� �����������! #"%$& '�($���)���*+(��,%�-��,.�����/102�1354768�:9;<;5= >����?*+������

@5AB)C1DFE�G<HJILKNMPOQC1RTS�M�U

VJS�WXD<M8Y�D<RZY8C1S?[\R5YPS�MPRTH]CTK^W�BS_M8E`ba MQG-c5Y8KdH8OQCTS_HJe5Y8fhgiK^S_RTH8S�EjS_H]Y8S_MQkGlY

BJVJ[nmporqs5t<t<s�uvS_H @ M8DwDFcxorG-yNy

z{G-RTO�D<f1|FS�M~}w��� zp�FB��<����+G-RTGFg1G

eif1WhS_M8|wKdH]DFMPH_�a MPD-�n����M~�{���f1R5Y8S_MpeiOQCTG-Y8�_� ` m�RTK^|FS�MQH]K^Y~�G-Y�ILD<RTH]YPG<R1�~k��M~�{��D<Y8CTG<M)�+fTOQCTEjG<R1RT� ` BJVJ[nmporq�k

m�RTK^|FS�MQH]K^Y~�G-YJILDFRTH]YPG-RT�qTGFOQC @ S�MPS�KdOQC a C A H8KNceiD<EjEjS�MQH]S_E�S~HnYPS�M��<t<tF�

�n�n�d���Q���d�i�Q�_�\�¡ �¢5£N¤l¥n¦_§]�©¨�ªQ¦�«P¬©¨l¥8­8¤_�8¨¡¢8�� ©¨�®1£d¯�ª°P�n�d���Q���d�i±Q¬�ªP¨���ªQ¦1£²¢©§]�� Q�©®�«P¬©¨l¥8­8¤_�8¨~¢P�� P¨_®1£d¯�ª³ �n�d���Q���d�T´©�P�Q�� Q¦�«Q�©¦¡¥\¬8�~µ1£²§P 

Page 4: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD
Page 5: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� �����������

� ��������������������� � �; � ;"! fTO�yNS_G<M)V�S_G<O�Y8KND<RTH)KNR ��H]Y8MPD<W1C A H8KNO_H �?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ;

; � ; � ; B)C1S$#pMPK&%<KNRxD-�(Y8CTS('{yNS�EjS�R5YPH �?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ;; � ; � � e A R5Y8CTS_H8KNH)D<�*)�S_G¡| A ! fhO�yNS�K �?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �; � ; � � � MPDFHPHJewS_O�Y8KND<RTH�G<RTg VJS_GFO©Y8KND<R�V�G-Y8S_H �?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �; � ; � s ! D<R1MPS_H8D<RTG<R5Y)VJS~G<O�Y8KND<RTH)�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �; � ; � � VJS~H]DFRTG-R5Y�VJS~G<O©YPK^DFRTH �L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s

; ��� ILKNR1S�E�G-Y8KdO�H)D-� ! fTO�y^S~G-M�VJS~G<O�Y8KND<RTH��?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �; � � B)C1S,+_��K `�- } RhkPU8U_� V�S_G<O�Y8KND<R%�?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� .

; � �T� ; ! D<R0/ne5YPG<RTg1G<MPg �+K1%��)G-R2% ! fhO�yNS�DFH A R5Y8C1S~H]KdH��?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� .; � �T� � 3�/ a MPDwO�S_HPH ! fTO�y^S_DFH A R5YPC1S_H8KNH �?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� .

; � s eiO�D<WXSLD-�(Y8C1S?uvD<MPc �+G-MPMPK^S~g4#pfiY �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� /576(8�9:6<;>=$6(��=?=$8�@BADCE9F� G�i� ; B(���+B)[8� � G A D<f1Y!�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� H

�i��� ��W1W1yNKNO_GlY8KND<R �L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ;F;�i� � B)C1SL[]ei��� qTGFO�KNy^K^Y A G-Y�BJVJ[nm�orq �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i� s B)C1S?B S_H]Y�� CTG-E @ S_M �L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��1� sh� ; B)C1S�eiS�Y8fTW �?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��1� sh� � ��GlYQG���OJI5f1KdH8K YPK^DFR����?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i��� �K' o�ewK&%<RhG-y�LG-KNR��?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; �LNMPO�9Q������� ��RS�T�U��8�9:6V;W=$6(��=YXZ�[�T\T�>]^9F_ ��� � �QG�1� ; o D<Y8KN|lGlY8KND<R �L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; H�1��� [\EjW1MPDl|wK^R2%�Y8CTS q KNS�ydg�m�R1K^� D<MPEjK Y A �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<t

�T� �1� ; B)C1Sa`cb2dfehg�i a G<OQclG�%FS �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<t�T� �1� � `cb2dfehg�iro DigiS�ydH ���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<t�T� �1� � B MPGFOQcwK^R2%j��y&%<DFM8K^Y8CTE �L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � ;�T� �1� s VJS~H]fTy YQH �L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � ;�1� � ' y^S~O©Y8MPD<R ��MPK^� Y�K^Rj)�S[k<�l# � �?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�

m n49Q@2����mpo���Aq��O�@0����� � 5BrsT� ; u CTG-YJKNHKstb0g�uwv�xBy �L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � /sT���z)�D[{|sSb2g�uwv�xxuvD<MPciHv�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � /sT� � B)C1S?B(���+B)[8� � ChG-E @ S�M�eiK^E�f1yNG-Y8KND<R �?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �hHsh� �T� ; ��S_D<EjS�YPM A G<RTg�orGlYPS�MPKNG<yNH �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �hHsh� �T� � a G<M]YPKNO�y^S~H+G<RTg a MPDwO�S_HPH]S~H+[\R5|FD<yN|<S~g �L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �hHsh� �T� � ��S_R1S�MQGlYPK^DFRZD<� a MPKNEjG<M A a G<M]YPKNO�y^S~H �L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � ;

[

Page 6: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������� [8[

sh� �T� s [\DFR B MPGFOQcwK^R2% �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � ;sT� s ��W1W1yNKNO_GlY8KND<R �L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�sh� sh� ; � CTG<E @ S�M��pK^EjS_RTH]KND<RhH �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�sh� sh� � z�S_M]YPS � G<RTg ��R2%Fy^S VJS~O�DFRTHnYPM8fhO©Y8KND<R �L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�

sT��� #pfiYPy^DwDFc �?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F��z=$� ���hOT��R���� ��R L��;z6<9FR��W=a8�@2A CE9F��� 9Q@2R����[9QA 9Q����R L r

� � ; B S_H]Yp� CTG-E @ S_M�VJf1RTH�G<RTg��LG-KNR�qhG<O�Y8D<MQH.�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � /� ��� B S_H]Yp� CTG-E @ S_M����?� ewWXS_O�Y8MQG �L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5t��� �1� ;���� �-t<t�E @ G-M �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5t��� �1� � ��� �<t<t�E @ G-M �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s ;��� �1� � ��� .lt<t�E @ G-M �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sw���� �1� s ��� / t<t�E @ G-M �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5���� �1� � ��� H<t<t�E @ G-M �?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sFs��� �1� � ��� ; t<tFt�E @ G-M �?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sw�

� X^���T\ ���l�T9QO��U;Z��@2O�� R���R m����� ; `cb2dfehg�i�orDwg1S�ydH �?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5���� � ��RTG-y A H]KdH)D-� `cb2d e g�i�q(KNS�ydg ��GlYQGr�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s /��� ��' y^S~O©Y8MPD<R ��MPM8KN|lG-y�B)KNEjS_H)KNR sSg�� �"! b2e$# �L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � ;

=zn49Q@2����mpo���Aq��O�@0����� � �BL�p� ; ewKNE�fTyNG-Y8KND<R ewD<f1MQO�S�� DigiS ���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<��p����z�S_M]YPS �ZG<RTgZ��R2%<yNS VJS~O�D<RhHnYPM8fTO�Y8KND<R&�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<�

Page 7: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� � � ��� � ����� �

; � ; 3�/{G-RTg�J/ W1MPDiO�S~H8H M8S~G<O�Y8KND<R�WTG-Y8CTH+KNR G�H8S_O©YPK^DFR�D-� Y8C1SLOQCTG<M]Y)D-�RwfTO�y^KdgiS~H��; ��� B A W1KNO_G-yiW1MPDh%FM8S~H8H8KND<R D<�hYPC1S�O�MPDFHPH�H8S_O©YPK^DFR�D<��GpRTD<R1MPS_H8D<RTG<R5Y�MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR

KNRTO�yNfTgiKNR2%�Y8CTS��LG-EjD[{ WXS_G<c �L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s; � � ILKNR1S�E�G-Y8KdO�H D-�XGpRwfTO�yNS_G<M MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR K^R�Y8CTS ydG @ H A H]Y8S_E G-RTg�K^R�Y8C1S)O-� E��

H A HnYPS�E �L�?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �; � s a M8S_|5KND<fhH EjS_GFH]fTM8S_E�S_R5YPH)D-� Y8C1S O�M8D5H8H)H8S_O�Y8KND<R�D-�*+���K `�- } Rhk8UPU_���?�?�L� .; ��� VJS~G<O�Y8KND<R WTGlYPCF{)G A H yNS_GFgiKNR2%�Y8D�O�G<M @ D<R KdH]D<Y8D<WXS_H �?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� /�i� ; B)C1MPS�SJ/ g1K^EjS�RhH]KND<RTG<yhO�fiY /\G�{+G A |wK^S�{ G-RhgxHPOQC1S�E�GlYPKNOpH]KdgiS�|wK^S�{ D-��YPC1S

B(���+B)[8� giS�Y8S~O©Y8DFM�OQCTG-E @ S_M��L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� H�i��� eiOQCTS�E�GlYPKNO giKdG�%<MQG-E�H8C1D[{JKNR2%:H8K&%<RTG<yNH�� MPD<E�B(���+B)[8��� H�G<R1DigiS_HjG-y1/

yND[{JK^RB%�YPC1SLY8MQG<OQcwKNR2%�G<RTg KNg1S�R5Y8K� hO�G-Y8KND<R D-��OQCTG-M %<S~g�WTG<M]YPKNO�y^S~H �?�?�L� ; t�i� � B)C1SpS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO� TS�ydg�yNS_GFgiK^RB% Y8D�S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R�H8K1%FRTG-y G-EjW1yNK� hO�G-Y8KND<RxG-Y)G��K' o ;F;�i� s B)C1SL[]ei��� �²G<O�K^yNK^Y A GlY�BJVJ[nmporq �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i��� eiOQCTS�E�GlYPKNO�|wK^S�{ D<� YPC1S B ���+B)[8��Y8S~HnY�OQCTG<E @ S�M%�?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i� � B)C1S?����� G-RTG<y^D %<f1S�S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R1KdO�HJG-Y)Y8C1S B(���+B)[8��YPS_H]Y�OQCTG-E @ S_MJ�?�L� ; s�i� . #�HPO�KNy^yNDFHPO�DFWhSLHPO�MPS�S�RhH]C1D<Y_��H8K^R2%Fy^SLS_|<S�R5YJW1MPS_G<E�WTy^K� TS_g�H8K1%FRTG-ydH+� MPD<E sH8fTO�O�S_HPH]KN|<SLG-RTDwg1S_Hv�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i� / #�HPO�KNy^yNDFHPO�DFWhSZH8O�M8S_S�RTH8C1D-Y~��H]KNR2%Fy^S S�|FS�R5Y�yNDh%FKNO_G-y Y8KNE�S�H8K1%FRTG-ydH ` Gl� YPS�M�+q��Lk � M8DFE s�H]fTO_O�S~H8H8K^|FS?G-R1DigiS~H �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i� H VJS_yNG-Y8KN|<S�H8K&%<RTG<y�%FG<K^R W1M8Dl|wKdgiS_g @wA Y8CTS�YPS_H]Y�OQCTG<E @ S�M?�K' o � DFM�yND[{W1MPS_HPH8f1M8S~H{�?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?���?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; ��i� ; t ' �iG<EjW1y^S�D-�����?� H]WXS_O�Y8MQG�G<RTgZY8C1S HPO�G<y^KNR2%�W1MPDwO�S_gifTM8S?�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� ; .�i� ;<; VJS_yNG-Y8KN|<S?H8K1%FRTG-y�%FG<K^R W1MPDl|wKNgiS~g @wA YPC1S��K' o � D<MJCTK1%FC1S�MJW1MPS_HPH8f1M8S~H � ;~/

�1� ; ' y^S~O©Y8MPKdO�WXD-YPS�R5Y8KdG-y�KNR:`cb2d e g�i�EjDigiS�ydH �L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F��1��� q(KNS�ydgZyNKNR1S�Y8MQG<OQcwK^RB%�G<y1%FD<MPK YPC1E �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<��1� � �pM8K^� Y�|<S_y^DiO�K Y A D<� S�� KNR G-R���M�k<�l# � %FGFH+E�K �wY8f1MPS �?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<��1� s orG �iK^E�f1E giS_|5KdGlYPK^DFRZD<�� TS_yNg yNK^RTS_HJKNR:`<bBd e g�i�EjDigiS�ydH �L�?�L�?�?�L� �-s�1�������7giM8K^� YJY8KNEjS?K^R:`cb2dfehg�i E�DigiS_yNH �?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �-s�1� � �pM8K^� Y� TS_yNg�giKdHnYPD<M8Y8KND<R @wA O�G-Y8C1DigiSK{JKNM8S~H �?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<��1� . ��M8MPK^|lG<yhYPK^EjS?D<�(S_y^S~O©Y8MPD<RhHJGlY)Y8C1S G<R1DigiS �?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F.sT� ; sSb2g�uwv�xZg1S�Y8S~O©YPD<Ml%<S_D<EjS�YPM A �L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �FtsT��� ��y1%FD<MPK YPC1E � D<M)YPC1S H8K^E�f1yNG-Y8S~gZ3jH]K&%<RhG-ydH �L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �5�sT� � [\DFRxYPMPGFOQcwH)O_G-fTH8S_g @wA G-R�KNRTO�KdgiS�R5Y +~��K @ S_G-E.GlY Hjo S_z��L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�sT� s VJS~O�DFRTHnYPM8fhO©Y8KND<RZD-�(Y8C1S?|FS�M8Y8S ��WhDFK^R5Y��?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �5�sT��� VJS~O�DFRTHnYPM8fhO©Y8KND<RZD-�(Y8C1S?ydG @ G-RB%<yNS �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �5�

[][8[

Page 8: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

��� �� ����� ����� � [\z

sT� � ! f1E @ S�MJD<��G �XS~O©Y8S~g�G-R1DigiS~Hp�?�L�?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�� � ; �p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ��� �<t<t�E @ G<M �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5t� ��� �p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ��� �Ft<t�E @ G<M �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s ;� � ���p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ��� .-t<t�E @ G<M �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sw�� � s!�p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ��� / t<t�E @ G<M �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5�� ��� �p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ��� HFt<t�E @ G<M �?�L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sFs� � ���p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjGlY ���&; t<t<t�E @ G-M �L�?�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� sw���� ; `cb2dfehg�i EjDigiS_y %<S_D<EjS�YPM A ` R1D�M8KNR2%5HPk��L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5���� ��`cb2dfehg�i EjDigiS_y %<S_D<EjS�YPM A ` �jM8KNR2%FHQk.�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s5���� � `cb2dfehg�i EjDigiS_y %<S_D<EjS�YPM A ` �jM8KNR2%FHQk.�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s0.��� s `cb2dfehg�i EjDigiS_y %<S_D<EjS�YPM A ` HjM8KNR2%FHQk.�?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� s0.

Page 9: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� � � ��� � ��� �f�

�i� ; eiO_G-yNK^RB%��²GFO©Y8DFMPH+� MPD<E H]KNE�f1ydGlYPS_g�H8WhS~O©Y8MQG�� D<M�giK � S�MPS�R5Yl%FG<H)WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS_H ; .�1� ; a G<MPG<E�S�Y8S_MPH{� D<MJYPC1S �-�s$g � � ! bBe$# TS_yNg�O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPK^DFR �?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �F�sT� ; a G<MPG<E�S�Y8S_MPH{� D<MJYPC1SSsSb0g�uwv�x�H8K^E�f1yNG-Y8KND<R �?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� �<s� � ; #p|FS�MP|5KNSJ{ D<� YPC1S B(���+B)[8��YPS_H]Y�OQCTG-E @ S_M+MPf1RTH_}iYPC1S H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjH8O_G-yNK^R2%

�²GFO©Y8DFMPH)G<RTg�YPC1S?MPS_H8f1y YPK^RB%S%5G-KNR ` ; k<�<k��?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � /� ��� #p|FS�MP|5KNSJ{ D<� YPC1S B(���+B)[8��YPS_H]Y�OQCTG-E @ S_M+MPf1RTH_}iYPC1S H]WXS_O�Y8MQGjH8O_G-yNK^R2%�²GFO©Y8DFMPH)G<RTg�YPC1S?MPS_H8f1y YPK^RB%S%5G-KNR ` � k<�<k��?�L�?�L�?���?�?�L�?�L�?�L�?�?�L� � H

z

Page 10: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

;WC*RJ���[@2���B)C1Sj+~��K `�- } RhkPU8U�� RwfTO�y^S~G-M�MPS_G<O�Y8KND<R#KNHjD<��KNEjWhDFM]YQG-RTO�SZKNR�R1D<R0/\H]YPG-Rhg1G-MQg @ K&% @ G-RB%RwfTO�yNS�D5H A R5Y8CTS_H8KNH E�DigiS_yNH+G<HV{+S�yNyXGFH{� DFMV3�/ W1M8DiO�S_HPH RwfTO�y^S_DFH A R5YPC1S_H8KNH_��� R1S�{ giS�YPS_O�Y8D<M` B(���+B)[8�)k©} giS~H]K&%<R1S~gZY8D�YPMPGFOQcZG-RhgZKdgiS_RFYPK � A OQCTG<M %FS_gZWTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H_}TKdH�O�f1M8MPS�R5YPy AZ@ S_K^R2%giS_|<S�yND<WXS_g�Y8D?EjS~G<H8f1M8S)K^YPH{O�M8D5H8H�H8S_O�Y8KND<R��([\RjD<MQgiS�M�YPD�yNS_G<M8RjG @ D<f1Y�Y8C1S��LGFH '{yNS_O©YPM8DFRo f1y^Y8KNW1yNK^S_M ` �K' o k�}B{JC1KdOQC {JK^yNy @ S D<RTS?D-��K YQHJE�G��nD<MpO�D<EjWXD<R1S_R5YPH_}TG-RTgZYPD�E�S~G<H8f1MPSY8CTS�giS_WhS_RTgiS�RhO�S D<��Y8C1S�H8K&%<RTG<y�%FG<K^R�DFRj%FG<H�W1M8S~H8H8f1MPS G-RTg�S_y^S~O©YPM8KdO TS_yNgrO�D<RTg1K YPK^DFRTH�}GvY8S~HnY H]S�Y8f1W {)G<H�fhH]S~g � ' �XDFM]YQH>{+S�MPS E�GFgiS Y8D7KNEjW1MPDl|<S�Y8CTSrf1R1K^� D<MPEjK Y A D-�LY8C1SS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO hS�ydgLK^R B(���+B)[8�rG<RTgpY8D�O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPS�S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<RLgiM8K^� Y�YPK^EjS_H_� mpH]KNR2%JYPC1ScsSb0g�uwv�xWTGFOQc¡Gh%<SF}hGxO�D<EjW1fiYPS�M�H]KNE�f1ydGlYPK^DFR:{)G<H�O�M8S~GlYPS_g } G-yNy^D[{JKNR2%jYPC1S�YPMPGFOQcwK^R2%�D<�{WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_HKNR�B(���+B)[8� YPD @ S H]Y8fhgiK^S~g K^R�EjD<MPS?giS�YQG-KNyb�

Page 11: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ��������� �

��� ��� � � � � ���

����� ��� *������?,%>����?*+����������_� "%�(,���� ���x�(��*J���� �!� � "$#�%'&)(+* ,-* .0/!1324#5%7698:%<;'%<.-24=#pR1S)D-�XY8CTSJK^R5Y8S_M8S~HnYPK^RB%LOQChG-yNy^S_R2%<S~H KNR�G<H]Y8MPD<W1C A H8KNO_H KdH(Y8D?fTRTgiS�MQH]YPG-Rhg YPC1S�O�MPS_G-Y8KND<R�D<�OQC1S_E�KdO�G<y1S�yNS�EjS_RFYQH�KNRjY8C1SJf1RTK^|FS�MQH]S�G<RTg�Y8D?S �iW1ydG-KNR�Y8C1S_K^M D @ H8S�MP|<S~g�G @ f1RTg1G<RTO�SF�(�pO /O�DFMPg1K^R2% Y8D YPC1SpH]YPG<RTg1G<MPg @ K&% @ G-R2%�E�DigiS_yhD<��RwfTO�yNS�D5H A R5Y8C1S~H]KdH ` ei�)� ! k©}wyNK1%FC5Y RwfTO�yNS�K{+S�MPS�K^RTK YPKNG<y^y A YPC1S�DFR1y A S_y^S_E�S_R5YPG-yXE�GlY8Y8S�M K^R�Y8C1Spf1R1KN|<S�MQH8S<�*) A giMPDh%<S_R ` G @ D<f1Yl.-�?>�kG-Rhg2C1S_y^KNf1E ` �<�?>�k�RwfTO�y^S_K {+S�MPSZW1MPS_g1D<EjK^RhG-R5Y_}V{JK YPC�H8E�G-yNy I5fTG-R5Y8K^Y8KNS_HjD<�pyNK YPC1KNf1EKdH]D<Y8D<WXS_H_� B)C1S H A R5Y8CTS_H8KNHZD-� YPC1S_H8SvR5fhO�yNS�K�YPG<c<S_HZW1ydG<O�SvG-YZYPS�EjWhS_MPG-Y8f1MPS_H G-MPD<fTRTg@BA5CD@�E ; t A I � ;�F^;HG ��u C1S�RZY8C1SpY8S_EjWhS_MPG-Y8f1MPS�D<� G(%5G<H8S�D<fhH O�yND<fhgxgiMPD<WTH @ S_y^D[{ GWXD<KNRFY<{JC1S�MPSJYPC1S %<MQG¡|wK YQGlYPK^DFRTG-yiS_R1S�M % A�@ S~O�DFE�S~H{ydG-M %<S_M�Y8CTG<R�Y8C1S�Y8C1S_M8E�G<yTS�RTS�M % A D<�K^YPH G-Y8DFEjH `JILKNMPO4QSRUTWVYXZKUTWV\[]O k©}5YPC1S�O�yND<fhg�O�D<R5Y8MQG<O�YPH_}-K^YPH{KNR5Y8S_M8KND<M�C1S~GlYQH�f1W�}wG-RTgjGLR1S�{H]YPG-MpKNH @ DFM8R����H�H8DwD<RrGFH)Y8C1S�Y8S_E�WXS�MQGlYPf1MPS K^RrY8C1S�O�D<MPS MPS_G<OQCTS_H^@ �';`_ ��a ; tcb Ij}C A giM8D %<S_R @ f1M8RTK^R2% O_G-R @ SJ%FK^R F � G }FWTM8Dl|wKdgiS_g�Y8CTS�E�G<HPH{D-� YPC1S�H]YPG-M KNH GlY yNS_GFHnY ; k ; tpD<�Y8CTSpH8D<ydG-M{E�G<HPH F^;HG � ) A giMPDh%FS�R @ f1MPR1KNR2% MPS_H8f1y^YPH{KNRxG�R1S�Y)O�D<Rw|FS�MQH]KND<R�D-� � DFf1M W1MPD-YPD<RTHKNRFYPD�Ged�)�S?RwfTO�y^S_fTH F � G �

sFWgfih d )�Skj2�-SUlj2�`mLnpo � �<� _ .l��o S�zB)C1Sqo |lG-yNf1S�KNH�YPC1S�E�G<HPH?giK �XS_M8S_RTO�S @ S�Y {+S�S�RvYPC1S�WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H @ S�� DFM8S�G<RTg Gl� Y8S_MLY8C1SMPS_G<O�Y8KND<R���� WXDFH8K YPK^|FSL|¡G<y^fTS�EjS~G-RTH+YPCTGlY�S_R1S�M % A KdH)MPS�yNS_G<H8S_g `JKNrs[]Xut4KUTWv�V\R�TJKwMcRUXxV\[]O k©���H yND<R2%�G<H�YPC1S�C A giMPDh%FS�R�H8f1W1W1y A yNGFHnYQH�}FY8C1KdH+S�R1S_M % A DFfiY8WTfiY CTG<y YQH{YPC1SP%<MQG¡|5K^YPG-Y8KND<RTG<yO�DFR5Y8MQG<O©YPK^DFR�}wG-yNy^D[{JKNR2%�G�HnYQG-M Y8D�H8C1KNR1SLO�D<R5YPK^Rwf1DFfTH]y A `:v�M]VYO9QUKwyHz+KUO{RwKSQWX|M]T k©�{� A Y8C1SY8KNEjS�Y8C1SjH]fTW1W1y A D-� C A giMPDh%FS�R KdHpS �iCTG-fTH]Y8S~g } Y8CTS�H]YPG<MP{JKNyNy�O�D<RTH8KdHnYLE�G-KNR1y A D<�-d�)�S<��J� YPS�M�G W1CTGFH]S�D<�+� fTM]YPC1S�M�O�D<R5YPMPGFO©Y8KND<R} G-Rhg C1S�RTO�S�Y8S_EjWhS_MPG-Y8f1MPS�K^RhO�MPS_G<H8S<}(C1S_y^KNf1E@ f1MPR1KNR2%#O_G-R H]YPG<M]Y~}�W1MPDwg1fTO�KNR2%2S_y^S_EjS�R5YPHZy^KNc<S:O�G-M @ D<R G<RTg�D � A %FS�R��'ewf @ H8S�I5f1S_RFYH]YPG�%FS_HpD-� H]Y8S_y^ydG-M�S�|FD<yNfiY8KND<RrKNRTO�y^fTg1S�O_G-M @ DFR�} D � A %FS�RrG-RhgrR1S_D<R @ fTM8R1KNR2% G<HP{ S_y^y�G<HH8K^yNKNO�D<R @ f1MPR1K^RB%T� ! fTO�yNS�K)f1W#Y8D G E�GFH8H�D-���<trf�O�G<R @ Sx� DFM8EjS~g KNR2YPC1KNHt{)G A F ;HG �'{|FS�R5Y8fhG-yNy A }FKNRxR1Dl|lG�G-RTg�H8f1WXS�MPR1Dl|lG S_|<S�R5YQH�}5Y8CTS_H8S�C1S~G¡| A S_y^S_E�S_R5YPH+E�G A�@ S�S �nS_O�Y8S~gG-Rhgr� DFM8E%KNR5Y8S_MPH]Y8S_y^ydG-MLO�yND<fTgTHLD<fiY?D-�<{JC1KdOQC:R1S�{?}H8S_O�DFRTgQ/ %<S_R1S�MQGlYPK^DFRrHnYQG-MQH�O_G-R @ S� D<MPEjS_g �

;

Page 12: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� �

q(K1%Ff1MPS ; � ; ��3�/ G-RTg�J/ W1MPDiO�S~H8H M8S~G<O©YPK^DFR�WTG-Y8CTH K^R�G�H8S_O�Y8KND<RZD-� Y8CTSLOQChG-M8Y D-��RwfTO�y^KdgiS~H��B(G-c<S_Rx� MPD<E F ;UG �

��� �!� � ����.-24#5% =s* =)/-1��7%������������B8:%<*B)C1SpW1M8D @ G @ K^yNK Y A � D<M R1S�fiYPM8DFR0/\O�G-W1Y8f1MPSJM8S~G<O�Y8KND<RTH�KdH O�D<EjWTG<MPG-Y8KN|<S�y A ydG-M %<S)� DFM C1S~G¡|wK^S_MRwfTO�yNS�K F^;WG ��[ Y+KdH EjD5HnY)y^KNc<S_y A YPCTGlY+Y8C1SLH A R5YPC1S_H8KNH+D<��C1S_G¡| A S�yNS�EjS�R5YQH YQG-cFS_H{WTyNGFO�S�K^R GR1S_fiY8MPD<R0/ MPKNOQC S_R5|wKNM8DFR1EjS�R5Y @wA ` R�} ��k�O_G-WiYPf1M8S�M8S~G<O�Y8KND<RTH_}1YPC5fhHpKNRTO�M8S~G<H8K^R2%jYPC1S�EjGFH8HRwf1E @ S�M @wA D<R1S � � ` R n�� k � l U �f1R5Y8KNy }(KNR2GrH]Y8S_W0/ @5A /\HnYPS�W W1MPDiO�S_HPH_}(G<R7f1RTH]YPG @ y^S�KdH8D-Y8DFWhS�KdH�M8S~G<OQC1S~g �Z[ YQH! ��/ g1S_O�G AY8CTS�R�y^S~G<g1H�YPD G R1S�{ S_y^S_EjS�R5Y ` � j ; k©��[ �LR1S�fiYPM8DFR0/\O�G-W1Y8f1MPSZDiO_O�f1MQH�E�fTOQC EjD<MPS� MPS�I5f1S�R5YPy A Y8CTG<R" w/\giS_O_G A }-YPC1KdH WTG-Y8C�KdH O_G-yNy^S~g�Y8C1S 3$#&% TJ[�RwKHQwQ ��[ Y KNH M8S�� S�MPM8S~g�YPD�G<H{Y8C1S#&% TJ[ RwKWQwQ {JC1S�MPS�YPC1SjCTG-y^� / y^K^� S�KdH?H8C1D<M8Y�O�D<EjWTG-MPS_grY8DZY8C1S�YPK^EjS @ S�Y { S_S�R H]fTO_O�S~H8H8K^|FSR1S_fiY8MPD<R�O�G<WiY8fTM8S~H���B)C1S�G @ f1RTg1G<RTO�SJD<� W1M8D<Y8DFR0/ MPKdOQC�RwfTO�y^S_Kb} {JC1KNOQC�D @ |5KND<fhH]y A O�G<R1R1D<Y@ S�H A R5Y8C1S~H]KN��S~g @5A Y8C1S J/�G<RTgq3�/ W1MPDiO�S_HPH8S_H_}�KNH�H]E�G-yNyNS�M @wA Y {+D�Y8D Y8C1MPS�S�DFMPg1S�MQHpD<�E�G�%FR1K YPfTgiS F ;WG } G-RTg�YPC1S A G<M8S @ S�yNK^S_|<S~g�Y8D @ S�O�MPS_GlYPS_g KNR G�EjD<MPS O�DFEjW1y^KdO�G-Y8S~gj{+G A` � #&% TJ[ RwKWQwQ k����� �!� ' ($(4/-=s=)�^%*�{24*:/-.S=+��.�,.-D%��/�{24*:/-.0-)� 2s%<=B)C1S�W1MPD @ G @ K^yNK^Y A � DFM�GZMPS_G<O�Y8KND<R YPDZDiO_O�f1M�KNHLO_G-yNy^S~g�Y8C1S X|[]X|M21!RUTJ[ QwQ�QUKwRUX V\[PO43 ��q1D<MRwfTO�yNS_G<M?M8S~G<O�Y8KND<RTH_} 3 KNH?Y A WTKNO_G-yNy A D-�+Y8C1S�DFMPg1S�M?D-� ; t �X�Jd?O�E�� � ; @ ` @ G<M8RXkQ�ZB)C1SMPS_G<O�Y8KND<RjMQGlY8Sc3�� D<M{Y { D?WTG<M]YPKNO�y^S~H/5xG<RTg76�giS_WhS_RTg1H D<R�Y8C1S_K^M TJK81 M]XxV:9 K |FS�yNDwO�K Y A<; G<RTgD<RZY8CTS�KNM�H]WhG<O�KdG-y giS_RTH8K YPK^S~H>=@?T}A=@B�G-RTgZKNH %<KN|<S�R @wA F^;WG

3 � =@?C=<BED 3 ;$F ;; jHG ?IB ` ; � ; k

{JK^Y8C Y8C1S!GI?IB Y8S_M8E GFO�O�D<EjDig1GlYPK^R2%�Y8CTS?WhD5H8H8K @ K^yNK Y A D-��M8S~G<O©YPK^DFRTH @ S�Y { S_S�RZY { DjWTG<M]YPK /O�yNS_H D-�Y8C1SLH8G<EjS�cwK^Rhg ��B)C1S�G<R2%<yNS @ MQG<OQcFS�YQH{KNRTgiKdO�GlYPS�YPC1SLG¡|<S�MQG�%FSJDl|<S_M�Y8C1S�|<S_y^DiO�K Y AgiKdHnYPM8K @ fiYPK^DFRKJ ` ; k©� D 3 ;LF ��MONP J ` ; k ; 3�` ; k]g ; ` ; � �Fk

Page 13: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� �

� o G �0{ S_y^y1/\� DFy YP��E�G-RTRrgiKNH]Y8MPK @ fiY8KND<R:giS_HPO�MPK @ S_H�Y8C1S�|<S_y^DiO�K^Y8KNS_H ;�� D<��Y8C1S�RwfTO�yNS�K�� �5 n 6 F^;WG J ` ; � k � s�� ; ���� � ������-@ � ���8� S �iW � f � � ; ������!@ � ` ; � �5k{JC1S_M8S

� � � EjGFH8H+D<�(WTG<M]YPKNO�y^S���� � � DFy YP��E�G-RTR O�D<RTH]YPG<RFYu C1S_RZYPMPG<Ri� D<MPEjS_gZK^R5YPD�YPC1S O�S_R5Y8S�M / D-� / EjGFH8H)H A HnYPS�E�}iD<R1SLD @ YPG<K^RTH F^;HG

D 3 ;LF ��� /��� ;` � @pk ���P� M NP 3�`�� k � S �iW � f � � @ � g � ` ; � swk

{JK^Y8C Y8C1S O<� E���S_R1S�M % A � � U� � ;w� G-Rhg�YPC1S?M8S~gifTO�S_gZEjGFH8H�� ���������� � l � � �B)C1S_D<MPS�Y8KdO�G<y G<RTg O�DFE�WTfiYPG-Y8KND<RTG<yEjDigiS�ydH�D<� HnYPS�yNyNG<M�S_|<D<yNfiYPK^DFRrG-RTg RwfTO�y^S_DFH A RFYPC1S_H8KdHMPS�y A DFR Y8CTS�RwfTO�y^S~G-M�M8S~G<O©YPK^DFR MPG-Y8S~H��L[ YLKNH�Y8C1S�E�G-KNRrYQG<H8c D<�{S �iWXS�MPK^EjS�R5YQG-y(R5fhO�yNS_G-MG<H]Y8MPD<WTC A H8KNO_H{YPD�EjS_G<H8f1MPS�Y8C1SLS�RTS�M % A giS_WhS_RTgiS_RTO�S?D<� YPC1S O�MPDFHPH)H]S~O©Y8KND<R���� �!��� �7/-.5(4% =?/-.>��. 2 -D%��/�{24*:/ .5=B)C1SLMQGlY8S~H D<� MPS_GFO©Y8KND<RhH KNRw|<D<yN|wK^RB% Y {+D�WXDFH8K YPK^|FS�y A OQCTG-M %<S~g�RwfTO�yNS�K G<M8S�E�G-KNR1y A g1S�Y8S_M /EjK^RTS_g @5A YPC1S�KNMLM8S_W1f1ydH]KN|<S�� D<f1yND<E @ � D<MQO�SF�L[ Y�KdHpY8C1S>I5fTG-R5YPf1E�EjS_OQCTG<R1KNO_G-y Y8f1RTR1S�yS�� S_O�Y�Y8CTG-Y G-yNy^D[{�H�MPS_GFO©YPK^DFRTH Y8DLYPG<c<S)W1ydG<O�S+S_|<S_R @ S�yND[{ YPC1Sp� D<fTy^DFE @�@ G-MPM8KNS�M�S_R1S�M % A�! }XG-y @ S_K Y�G-Y�E�fTOQC�yND[{ S_MJMPG-Y8S~H��{B)C1S Y8f1R1RTS�yNy^KNR2%�W1MPD @ G @ KNy^K^Y A giS_WhS_RTg1H�H8S�RhH]K^Y8KN|<S_y AD<RZY8CTS?S�R1S_M % A G-RTg O�G<R�}w� D<M ��"#�! } @ S G-W1WTM8D �iKNEjG-Y8S~g @wA F^;HG3�`$� k&% S �iW ` f��'��(1k ` ; � �Fk{JC1S_M8S�(xKdH+Y8CTS�ewD<EjEjS�M8� S�ydg WTG-MQG-EjS�YPS�M

( � � ? � B �¡�) ; ` ; � �5kG-Rhg

� � � R5fhO�yNS_G-MJOQCTG<M %FSpRwf1E @ S_M) � a ydG-RTOQc � H+O�D<RTH]YPG<R5Y� � S�yNS�EjS�R5YPG<M A OQChG-M %<S

q1fTM]YPC1S�MPEjD<MPS<} I5fTG<R5Y8f1E&EjS_OQCTG<R1KdO�G-yhO�D<RhH]KdgiS�MQGlYPK^DFRTH F^;HG H]fB%h%<S~HnY�YPCTGlY Y8C1S�O�MPDFHPH{H8S_O /Y8KND<R:KNHLWTM8DFWhDFM]YPK^DFRTG-yY8D Y8C1SjH IFfhG-MPS�D-� Y8C1S�giSj�+M8D %<yNK^S${+G¡|FS�yNS�R2%<Y8C+*vD<�{Y8CTS753j 6Y {+D�/ WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS�H A HnYPS�E F s G

3 � ;s�� * � G<RTg *,% ;- � ` ; � .<kB)C1SLYPD-YPG<y�O�MPDFHPH)H]S~O©Y8KND<R�O�G<R Y8C1S_R @ S?S �iW1MPS_HPH8S_g @wA

3�`$� k � ;� S �iW ` f��'��(1k/. `$� k ` ; � / k

Page 14: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� s

q(K1%Ff1MPS ; � �1�?B A W1KdO�G<y�W1M8D %<MPS_HPH]KND<R D<� YPC1S�O�MPDFHPHLH]S~O©YPK^DFR:D<�)G R1DFR1M8S~H]DFRTG-R5Y�M8S~G<O©YPK^DFRKNRTO�yNfTgiKNR2%jY8CTS��LG-EjD[{ WXS_G-c �{B(G-cFS�RZ� M8DFE F ;UG �

{JC1S_M8S�G<y^yhW1f1MPS�y A RwfTO�y^S~G-M{S �XS~O©YPH G-MPSl%FG-Y8C1S_M8S~g�KNRjY8CTS M QWXxTJ[ % t�� QWV\RwM21 .�#�� M`RHX|[]T . `�� k©�ewKNRTO�SvYPC1S YPf1R1R1S_y^yNKNR2%�W1M8D @ G @ K^yNK Y A g1M8DFWTHZH8D�H]CTG<M8WTy A {JK^Y8C�S�R1S_M % A }pO�M8D5H8H H8S_O©YPK^DFREjS_GFH]f1MPS�EjS_RFYQH G-YJ|<S�M A y^D[{ S�R1S_M %FK^S~H @ S_O�D<EjSLK^RTO�M8S~G<H8K^RB%<y A g1K���O�fTy Y�G-Rhg�S�|FS�R5Y8fhG-yNy AKNE�WXDFHPH8K @ yNSJYPD WhS_M]� DFM8E���m�H8KNR2%?Y8CTS .�/ �²G<O©YPD<M{KNRTH]Y8S~G<gjD-� YPC1S�O�M8D5H8H{H8S_O�Y8KND<R�G<y^yND[{�H�� D<MEjD<MPSxG<O_O�f1MQGlYPS�S �wYPMPG<WhDFyNG-Y8KND<RTHLYPD yND[{&S�R1S_M %FK^S~H�}�H]KNRTO�S�� D<M�R1DFR1M8S~H]DFRTG-R5Y MPS_GFO©Y8KND<RhHK^Y�|¡G<M8KNS_HjH8EjD5D<Y8C1y A {JK^Y8C�S�RTS�M % A � #p|<S_M�G {JKdgiS MQG-R2%FS<}{K^YxO�G<R#S_|<S_R @ SrG<HPH]fTE�S~gO�DFRTH]YPG-R5Y . `�� P k�� B)C1S�R ` ; � swk @ S~O�DFE�S~H

D 3 ;LF � � /��� ;` �� @pk ���P� . `�� P k MONP S �iW�� f ����@ f � ���� g � ` ; � H5k

{JC1S_M8S �� KdH+Y8C1S��LG<E�D[{ S�R1S_M % A %<KN|<S_R @wA� � � �'��� � � d � U � � E ) � ` ; � ; t5k

a yND-Y8Y8KNR2%JS�I5fTG-Y8KND<R ` ; � H5k H]CTD[{�H�G)WhS~G-c ` ��M]v�[�� % KwM�� k�G<M8DFf1RTg � P ����� ���������� � ���P� �[ Y�KdH�KNR�Y8C1KdH�MPSJ%FK^DFRxYPCTGlYpE�D5HnYpR1D<R1MPS_H8D<RhG-R5YJM8S~G<O©YPK^DFRTH)KNR5|FD<yN|wK^R2%�OQCTG<M %FS_gZWTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_HDiO�O�f1M_}1H8KNRTO�S�Y8CTS?W1M8D @ G @ K^yNK Y A KNH)C1K&%<CTS_H]YJY8C1S_M8SF���� �!��� -D% =?/-.���.-2 -D%��/�{2L* /-.5=u C1S_R Y { DZWTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H�M8S~G<O�Y�Y8C1MPD<fB%<CrG�O�D<EjWhDFf1RTg RwfTO�y^S_fTH�G-RTg YPC1S�O�S�R5Y8S_M / D-� / E�G<HPH` O<� E���k S_R1S�M % A W1y^fhH�YPC1S o |¡G<y^fTS E�GlYPOQC D<R1S�D-��Y8CTS�S �1O�K YQGlY8KND<R S_R1S�M %<KNS_H � ? D<��Y8C1SO�DFEjWhDFf1RTg�H A H]Y8S_E } � ? � � j o ` ; � ;<; kY8CTS�O�MPDFHPH�H]S~O©YPK^DFRS{JKNyNyb}5GlY�Y8ChGlY TJKHQU[]OiM]O{RwK KUO{KUT� !� � � �" } @ S�KNRTO�M8S~G<H8S_g @5A H]S_|<S_MPG<yD<MQgiS_MPH D-�E�G�%FR1K^Y8fTgiS F s G � �pfTG<R5Y8f1E&EjS_OQCTG<R1KdO�G-y H8S�yNS_O©YPK^DFR�MPf1y^S~H g1S_O�KdgiSP{JC1S�YPC1S�M+D<MR1D<Y�GZM8S~H]DFRTG-RTO�S O�G<R G<O�Y8fTG<y^y A�@ S�D @ H8S�MP|<S~g ��[ � Y8C1S�M8S~H]DFRTG-RhO�S_H�G-MPS�KdH]DFyNG-Y8S_g ` Kb� SF�^}Y8CTS A giD�R1D<Y(Dl|FS�MPyNG<Whk�G<RTg�G<M8S)H]f#��O�K^S_R5Y8y A RTG-MPM8D[{?}~YPC1SJ� MPS�K^Y / u K&%<R1S_M� DFM8E�f1yNGpC1DFyNg1HF^;HG � 3�`$� k � *T�

s��%$'&� ` ; � ; �Fk

Page 15: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� �

$ KNHpG�H]YPGlYPKNH]Y8KdO�G<y��²GFO©Y8DFM�MPS�ydGlYPK^R2%jYPC1S�Rwf1E @ S_M�D<��H]YPG-Y8S~H�KNR Y8C1S�O�D<EjWXD<f1Rhg RwfTO�yNS�fTHY8D�YPC1S?Rwf1E @ S�M�D<�(H]YPG-Y8S_H�K^RZY8C1S?S_R5Y8MQG-RTO�SLOQChG-R1R1S_yb�

$ �����j ;` ���?5j ; k ` ���B j ; k ` ; jOG ? B k ` ; � ; �5k

{JC1S_M8S����j ; � Rwf1E @ S_MJD-��E�G�%<RTS�Y8KdOLH]f @ / H]YPG-Y8S~H � DFM�H]YPGlYPSK{JK YPC�H8W1KNR��

� � H8W1KNRZD<��O�D<EjWXD<f1RTgZRwfTO�yNS�fhH� � � H8W1KNRZD<�(MPS_GFO©YPK^R2%�RwfTO�yNS�K� � 5<n�6

B)C1S+M8S~H]DFRTG-RhO�S KNR�Y8C1SJO�MPDFHPH(H]S~O©Y8KND<R�O�G<R @ S YPM8S~GlY8S~g�GFH(GpCTG<M8EjD<RTKNO DFHPO�KNy^ydGlYPD<M(H {JKNR2%�/KNR2%jK^R G-R�S_R1S�M % A MQG-R2%FS `�� f � " k©}2%FK^|wKNR2%jM8KdH]SpY8DjYPC1S?DFHPO�KNyNyNG-Y8D<M+YPS�MPE

&� � �������`$� f � " k � j ` � E<�<k � ` ; � ; swk{JK^Y8C

� � ` � � k � WTG<M]YPKNG<y�{JKNgwYPC�D-�(Y8C1SL� DFM8E�GlYPK^DFR ` giS_O_G A k D<� YPC1S O�DFEjWhDFf1RTgZR5fhO�yNS�fTH� � �� j ��� ` Y8D<YPG-y�{JKNgwYPChk

���� � �_���� �����*J����� ��� *������?,%>����?*+��������B)C1S�O�MPDFHPH�H8S_O�Y8KND<R#D-��G:RwfTO�yNS_G<M�MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR2giS�WXS�Rhg1HjD<R1y A D<R2Y8C1S TJK81 MPX V:9]K |<S_y^DiO�K Y AD-� Y { DZM8S~G<O�YPG-R5YQH�} H8DxYPC1SjE�Dl|FS�EjS�R5YLD-�{YPC1S�KNM O�S_R5Y8S�MLD<� E�G<HPHpKdHLKNM8MPS�yNS�|lG-R5Yp� D<M�Y8C1SMPS_G<O�Y8KND<R K YQH]S_y �n�+B)C1S�MPS�� DFM8SF}wY8C1S_D<MPS�YPKNO_G-y�O�DFRTH8KNgiS_MPG-Y8KND<RTH)G<M8S?O�G<M8MPKNS_gZD<fiY�KNR�Y8C1S O<� E��H A H]Y8S_E�}F{JCTS�MPS_G<H S �iWXS�MPK^EjS_RFYQG-yXD @ H8S�MP|lGlYPK^DFRTH G<M8SF}5D<� O�DFf1MQH]SF}FD @ YPG<K^R1S~g�KNR�YPC1SpydG @ D�/MQGlY8DFM A H A HnYPS�E��� D<RhH]KdgiS�M�G�MPS_GFO©Y8KND<R � j�� h��7j��G-Rhg�y^S�Y�� @ S?Y8CTS�W1MPD �nS~O©Y8KNyNS<}���Y8CTS S �nS~O©Y8KNyNS�G-Rhg�� Y8C1S MPS_O�D<KNy ` H8S�S B%<f1MPS ; � �Fk�� B)C1SYPG<M %FS�Y�RwfTO�y^S_fTH

�E�G A @ SZGlY�M8S~HnY�K^R YPC1SxydG @ H A HnYPS�E�}�Kb� S<�rK^YPH�cwK^R1S�Y8KdO�S_R1S�M % A KNH� � � tT�)u K YPC � � � - � � � � � }hY8C1S�O�D<RTH8S�MP|lGlYPK^DFR D<��E�DFEjS�R5Y8f1E�O_G-R @ S�S �iW1MPS_HPH8S_g

KNRZYPC1SL� D<yNyND[{JK^R2%S{)G A �� � � � � � O�DFH��3j � � � � � � O�DFH�� � � � � � � � ` ; � ; �Fk� � � � � � H8K^R��gf � � � � � �ZH]KNR�� � t ` ; � ; �5k

{JC1S_M8S � � G-MPS+Y8C1S�M8S~HnY{E�G<HPH8S_H�D-�XY8CTS�WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H�G<RTg � � YPC1S�KNM{cwKNR1S�YPKNO)S_R1S�M %<KNS_H�KNRjY8C1SydG @ � MQG-EjS¡Ul� '{yNK^EjKNRTGlYPK^RB%���G-RTg�KNRTH8S�M8Y8KNR2% � � � o�f � � j � � A KNS�ydg1H�Y8C1S�S �nS_O�Y8KNy^SG-RB%<yNS�KNR Y8C1S?ydG @ H A H]Y8S_E��

O�DFH�� � � � � � � � ; j ���� � � f � � � ; f �� � � � f o �� - � � � � � � � � ` ; � ; .<k�"!$# �&%�'�%~�)(b�]� �+*b� ,_�.-/*b�.0��1%~�1(/243_�d��'©�J�1%5*/6¡�)�)( �n� �+*b�.'�%708�4%�8-�96:- �"; # �"(b�&8<�"0]�46�-b� �+*(� ���+<_���=6~�8-�]�Q� �"%¡�"(>243�'4?T�48@'�6:*BA�C D=EL�"F&G+6IHJ- �n�K- �"0L*b�.'�%NM:C O5PRQ:S4T$U�V:W V�X9YZA�C

Page 16: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� �

q(K1%Ff1MPS ; � �T��ILKNR1S_EjG-Y8KdO�H)D<�(G�R5fhO�yNS_G-M)MPS_GFO©Y8KND<R � j G3h �7j @ KNRxYPC1S?yNG @ H A HnYPS�EG-RhgxKNR Y8C1S O<� E��{H A H]Y8S_E�� ! D-YPSLY8CTG-Y���C ����� ���N�{B(G-c<S_Rx� MPD<E F � G �

B)C1S�S �nS_O�Y8KNy^S�� HpcwK^RTS�Y8KdO?S_R1S�M % A � � giS�WXS�RTgTH�DFR Y8C1S�S �nS~O©Y8KND<RrG<R2%<yNS<�J[ Y�KNH�O�G<yNO�f1ydGlY8S~g� MPD<E F � G � � �� U j � � O�DFH ` � ��� ��� k ` ; � ;_/ k{JC1S_M8S F � G

� � � � � � � ��� ���� ��� � ��� ����

� ` ; � ; H5k� U � � � `$� ��� ���� j � � k j � ��� ���� ` ; ���-t5k

B)C1S O<� E���S�RTS�M %<KNS_H+K^R YPC1S?S�R5Y8MQG-RhO�S?OQCTG-RTR1S�y ` �\k)G<RTgZS �iK Y�OQChG-R1R1S_y ` � k)G<M8S� ��� ���� � � �� � j � � � � ` ; ��� ; k� ��� ���� � � ��� ���� j o ` ; ���<�Fk

VJS~gifTO�S~g EjGFH8H8S_H+D<�(S_RFYPMPG<RTO�S?G<RTgxS �iK Y�OQCTG<R1R1S_yNH_�� � � � � � �� � j � � n ��� � � � � �� � j � � ` ; ���-�5k

[\R Y8C1S O<� E���� MQG-EjS<}wYPC1S?S �nS~O©YPK^yNS?CTG<H+YPC1S?cwK^RTS�Y8KdOLS�RTS�M % A� ��� ���� �

� � j� � � ��� ���� ` ; ���lswk

� MPS�ydGlY8KN|wKNH]Y8KdOLO�DFM8MPS_O�Y8KND<RxKdHc%<KN|<S_R @wA F � G� � �

� � �` � j� � k� � ` ; ���<�Fk

Page 17: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� .

�����������

�����������������

� � � � � �� � �

Present(Exclusive)Mizoi et al(Exclusive) [6]R.N.Boyd, et al. (Inclusive) [4]X.Gu, et al. (Inclusive) [5]8Li(α,n)11B(G.S.) [3]

���������������

�! "###$%&' "()!*+,

q(K1%Ff1MPS ; � sT� a M8S_|5KND<fhH�EjS_GFH]f1MPS�EjS_RFYQH�D<��Y8C1SjO�MPDFHPH�H8S_O�Y8KND<RrD<�E+���K `�- } Rhk8UPU_�p� q(K1%Ff1MPSYPG<c<S_Rx� MPD<E F /]G �

����- &��� / 02�1354768�:9 ;<; = >����?*+������[ Y ChG<H @ S�S_R�W1MPD<WXDFH8S_g F . G Y8D�giS~H]K&%<R�G<RTgjKNE�WTy^S_E�S_R5Y)G?RTSJ{ giS�YPS_O�Y8D<M~}wB ���+B)[8� ` H8S�SH8S_O©YPK^DFRTH��i� ; G-RTg �1� �Fk©}iYPD�EjS~G<H8f1M8S�YPC1S O�MPDFHPHJH]S~O©YPK^DFRx� DFMJY8C1S(+_��K `�- } RXk8UPU�� M8S~G<O©YPK^DFRgif1S)YPD K^YPH�MPS�yNS�|lG-RhO�S+Y8D GFHnYPM8DFW1C A H8KdO�H_� VJS~H]f1y^YPH{D @ YQG-KNR1S_g�KNR�WTM8S_|5KND<fhH�E�S~G<H8f1MPS�EjS�R5YPHD-� YPC1SpO�M8D5H8H{H8S_O�Y8KND<R>{+S�MPSJ�²G-M � M8DFE'O�D<RTH8KdHnYPS�R5Y F / G ����RxG-W1WTM8D �iKNEjG-Y8SJ|lG-yNf1SJ� DFM G(+_��KS�RTS�M % A D-�cH�o S�z&KdH?G @ D<fiY 3 � s5t<tZE @ }�{JK YPC:MPD<f2%FC1y A ; k-�xMPS_H8f1y YPK^RB%ZKNRvY8C1SxUPU©�%<MPD<fTRTgZH]YPG-Y8S?G-Rhg�YPC1S?M8S~HnY�KNR D<R1S?D<� f1W Y8D�S_K1%FC5Y)S �1O�K^Y8S_g H]YPGlYPS_H F / G ���� ' � � �7/-./.C� 2L��.�,�� ( ,10 * ,204��.�, �����B8:% /-=� . 24#�%<=?*J=��O_O�DFMPgiKNR2%�Y8D?KNR1C1DFEjDh%<S_R1S�DFfTH @ K&% @ G-RB%�EjDigiS_yNH D-� R5fhO�yNS�DFH A R5Y8C1S~H]KdH ` [n�)� ! k�}�{JC1KdOQCgiK �XS_M�� MPD<E Y8CTSZH]YPG-Rhg1G-MQg EjDwg1S�y @5A Y8CTSxMPS�ydG �1GlYPK^DFRvD<�JY8C1S G<HPH]fTE�W1Y8KND<R7D-��KNR1K^Y8KdG-ygiS_RTH]K^Y A f1RTK � DFM8EjK^Y A }iYPC1S H A R5Y8CTS_H8KNH)D<��U]�¡��� D<yNy^D[{�H+YPC1S?WTGlYPCQ{+G A F . G

U ) ` R n�� k � ) ` R n�� k � ) ` gBn8Rhk d )�S ` Y�n�� k b �K ` R n ��k + ��K `�- n]Rhk U8U � ` R n�� k Un� � ` <m1k Un� �B)C1SS+_�K `T- } Rhk8UPU�� MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR��²G<O�S~H�YPC1S�C1K1%FC1S_H]Y?� DFf1yND<E @ @ G-MPM8KNS�M�D-��Y8CTKNHLOQCTG<K^R�} G<RTgY8CTS CTG<y � / yNK � S D-�B+��KwKNH D<R1y A / s5t)EjH43lYPC1S�MPS�� DFM8SF}~K^Y�KNH(G�O�MPfTO�KNG<y5H]Y8S_W K^R�RwfTO�yNS�D5H A R5Y8C1S~H]KdH_���� ' � � 56.�7 (4/ �i% =s=O�����B8:% /-=� . 24#�%<=?*J=[ YLKNHLGxO�D<RTg1K YPK^DFRr� D<MpY8CTSjH A R5Y8C1S~H]KdH�D<� C1S~G¡|5KNS�MpS�yNS�EjS�R5YQH�YPCTGlY?G H]f ��O�K^S_RFYLRwf1E @ S�MD-��H8S�S_gZRwfTO�yNS�K @ S G¡|lG-KNydG @ yNS<��[ Y�CTGFH @ S_S�R @ S_y^KNS�|FS_gxY8CTG-Y�D<R1y A CTS_G¡| A }wKNM8DFR0/ WXS_G<c�S�yNS�/EjS�R5YPH)G<M8S�D-�KNEjWhDFM]YQG-RTO�S�GFH H8S�S~g�RwfTO�y^S_Kb� )�D[{+S�|FS�M~}FRTS�Y {+D<MPcjO_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPK^DFRTH M8S~O�S�R5YPy AO�G<M8MPKNS_g?DFfiY @5A B S�MQG<HPG�{)GJS�Y�G-y � F H G H8f2%h%FS_H]Y YPCTGlY�MPS_G<O�Y8KND<RTH(D<�Ty^K&%<C5Y�R1S�f1Y8MPD<R0/ M8KdOQC�Rwf0/O�yNS�K�O_G-R K^R68Tf1S�RhO�SLY8CTSLG @ f1RTgTG-RTO�S�WTM8S~giKNO�Y8KND<RTH)D<� C1S~G¡|wK^S_M+S_y^S_EjS�R5YPH @wA G�� f1yNy�D<MQgiS_MD-� E�G�%FR1K^Y8fTgiSF��B)C1S_H8S�O�G<yNO�f1yNG-Y8KND<RTH G-MPS @ G<H8S_gjDFRjH8f1WXS�MPR1Dl|lGLEjDwg1S�ydH G<HPH8f1EjK^R2%LYPCTGlYO�DFRTgiK^Y8KND<RTH @ S�Y {+S�S�RrY8C1S�S �iW1yNDFH8K^DFRrH]CTDwOQcF/ {+G¡|FS G-RTg Y8C1SjH]fTM]�²GFO�S D<�{Y8C1S�M8S_E�G-KNR1K^RB%O�DFM8S:9 GxR1SJ{ R1S_fiY8MPD<RrH]YPG<M/9 �²G¡|<DFf1M - WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_HpG-RTg � M8S_S�R1S_fiY8MPD<RTH�Dl|<S_M�C1S_G¡| ARwfTO�yNS�K }XY8CwfTH�O�DFRTHnYPK YPfiY8KNR2% G-RrKdgiS_G<y S_Rw|5KNMPD<R1EjS�R5Y�� DFM�YPC1Sa3�/ W1MPDwO�S_HPHpG<RTg - / O_G-WiYPf1MPS

Page 18: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ����� ��� �� � ��� � ��� /

q(K1%Ff1MPS ; � �1��VJS~G<O�Y8KND<RvWTGlYPCF{)G A H�yNS_GFgiKNR2%xYPD O�G-M @ D<R KdH8D-Y8DFWhS~H���q(K1%Ff1M8S�YPG<c<S_R � MPD<EF H GMPS_G<O�Y8KND<RTH `�- #&% TJ[ RwKWQwQ k���[\RjY8C1S�S~G-yNK^S_M H]YPGh%<SJD-� YPC1S�S �iW1yNDFH8KND<R�}<Y8C1S - / W1MPDwO�S_HPH�KdH giDFE$/KNRTG-R5Y_} @ fiY�K YLH]yND[{�H�giD[{JR G<H�Y8C1S Y8S�EjWXS�MQGlYPf1M8S�giM8DFWTH @ S�yND[{ G @ D<fiY���a ; t A I&G<RTgY8CTS�R giS�� S_MPH+YPDjY8C1S,3�/ W1MPDwO�S_HPH��#pR1S D<��Y8C1S�O�M8K^Y8KdO�G<y H]Y8S_WTH�KNRrH]S_S_g�RwfTO�y^S_K @ MPS�S~giK^RB%�KNH Un� �p�hm�RTgiS�Mf3�/ W1MPDiO�S~H8HpO�D<RhgiK /Y8KND<RhH�}<Y8C1S�KNR1K^Y8KdG-yhM8S~G<O©YPK^DFR�WhGlY]YPS�MPRjy^S~G<giKNR2%LY8DjUn�¡� OQCTG<R2%<S~H{O�DFRTH8KNgiS_MPG @ y A O�DFE�WhG-MPS_gY8DZY8CTS - / WTM8DiO�S~H8HpS�Rw|wKNM8DFR1EjS�R5Y_� B)C1Sj��K1/\� OQCTG-KNRrKdH�G<EjD<R2%xY8C1D5H]S @ S~O�DFE�KNR2% EjDFH]YKNE�WXD<M8YPG<R5Y)KNR Y8C1KdH�O_G<H8S ` H]S_S B%<f1MPS ; ���<k��

-+` Y n ��k b �K ` R n ��k + ��K `�- n]R k UPU �B)CwfTH_} YPC1S O�D<EjWTG-MQGlYPK^|FS�y A K^EjW1MPD @ G @ yNS�Y8C1MPS�SJ/ @ Dig A MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR -+`�- R�} � k A �+SrO_G-R @ S@wA WTG<HPH]S~g �*#pRTS D<�1Y8C1S)cFS A MPS_G<O�Y8KND<RTHY8D @ S)K^Rw|<S~HnYPK1%5GlYPS_g?KNR�DFMPg1S�M Y8DLG-yNy^D[{ S~HnYPK^E�G-Y8S_HD-�(Y8CTS M8S~G<O�Y8KND<R 8TD[{ KdHJYPC1S�MPS�� DFM8S,+_��K `�- } RhkPU8U_� � D<M {JC1KdOQC Y8C1S�B ���+B)[8� giS�Y8S_O�Y8DFMJKNHW1MPK^E�G<M8KNy Ax@ S_K^R2%�giS_|<S_y^DFWhS~g �

��� � � *J� �:�!���������� ��,�� $'�?,�,{����� � B)C1KdH�MPS�WXD<M8Y�� DiO�fhH]S~H�D<RrY8C1S${ DFM8c�O�DFE�WTy^S�Y8S_g gif1MPK^R2%ZGx�-t>{+S�S_c�K^R5Y8S_M8RhH]C1KNWrGlYpY8C1SBJVJ[nmporq F^; t G �²GFO�KNy^K^Y A ��� @ MPK^S��pD<f1Y8yNK^R1S�D<��Y8CTSrB ���+B)[8�&g1S�Y8S~O©YPD<M�giS_|<S�yND<WTE�S_R5YW1MPD �nS~O©Y�KdH>%<KN|<S_R#KNR OQCTG-W1Y8S�Mx�1� [ YxKNRTO�yNfTgiS~H�S�� D<M8YPH�W1fiYxKNR giS�|FS�yND<W1KNR2%vY8C1S:g1GlYQGG<O�I5f1KNH8K^Y8KND<R7KNR2G�Y8S~HnYjOQCTG-E @ S_M�H8S�Y8fTW ` H8S_O�Y8KND<R#�1� swk©}�G<Ha{ S_y^y+G<H EjS~G<H8f1M8S_EjS�R5YPH?D<�Y8CTS�H8K1%FRTG-y f1RTgiS_Mp|lG<M A KNR2%xO�DFRTgiK^Y8KND<RTH ` H8S_O�Y8KND<R:�1� �Fk©����R1D<Y8C1S_MpE�G-KNRrYPD<W1KdO({)G<H�Y8C1SO�G<yNO�f1ydGlY8KND<R D<�?Y8C1SvS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO TS�ydg KNR YPC1S:giMPK^� Y MPSJ%FK^DFR D-�?Y8CTS W1MPD<WXDFH8S_g B(���+B)[8�giS�Y8S_O�Y8DFM�Y8DxY8S~HnYLH]S_|<S�MQG-y giS_H8K1%FR D<WiYPK^DFRTH ` H8S_O©YPK^DFRr�1���<k�}XG<RTg D-�{GZO�G-yNK @ MPG-Y8KND<R O�fTM8|FS� D<M�Y8C1S g1S�MPK^|lGlYPK^DFR#D<�?K^DFR#YPMPGFOQciH�� M8DFE�Y8CTS�Y8KNE�S:H]K&%<RTG<yNH ` H]S~O©YPK^DFR �1� �Fk©� q KNRTG<y^y A }Y8CTS @ GFH]KdOj� S_G-Y8f1MPS_H�D-��G sSb2g�uwv�x H8K^E�f1yNG-Y8KND<R7D<�+YPC1SZg1S�Y8S~O©YPD<Ma{+S�MPS�KNEjW1y^S_EjS�R5Y8S~g` OQChG-WiYPS�MJs5k��

Page 19: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ��������� �

� � � � � � � � � � ��� � �

e��� "�$ '�($ 0 � ��� � B)C1S�BJVJ[nmporqv��R1Rwf1ydG-M+� ChG-E @ S�M{� D<M�YPC1S�B MPGFOQc5KNR2%LG-RTg�[ngiS_R5Y8K� hO�G-Y8KND<RjD-� � CTG<M %FS_ga G-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H ` B ���+B)[8�)k�} O�f1M8MPS�R5YPy A f1RTgiS_MZgiS_|<S�yND<WTE�S_R5YxGlY�Y8CTS:m�RTK^|FS�MQH]K^Y A D-���{DFM8c` mpI kxG<RTg BJV�[nm�orq+})KNH�G#O�D<E @ KNR1S_g KND<RTK^�~GlY8KND<R OQCTG-E @ S_M G<RTg�Y8KNEjS:WTM8D �nS_O©YPK^DFROQCTG<E @ S�M {JK^Y8CxG�O A y^KNRTgiMPKdO�G-yhgiS_H8K1%FR F ;F; } ; � G ����R�KNRTO�KdgiS�R5Y @ S_G<E D<� K^DFRTH{MPf1RTH K^R5Y8D�G%FGFH Ty^yNS_g�YPG<M %FS�Y�M8S�%<KND<R�G-yND<R2%�K YQH�M8D<YPG-Y8KND<R�G �iKNH `�� k�{JC1S�MPS+K^R5Y8S_MPGFO©YPK^DFRTH�{JK YPC�YPC1Sl%FGFHYPG<M %FS�Y�DiO�O�f1M~�c' �nS_O�Y8KNy^S~H�G-MPS?S�EjK^Y]YPS_g KNR5Y8DjY8CTS�giMPK � YpM8S�%<KND<R H]fTM8MPD<f1RhgiK^RB%jY8C1S?YQG-M %<S�YMPSJ%<KND<R}�{JC1S_M8SF} E�G-KNR1y A:@wA K^DFR1K^�~GlYPK^DFRvD<�)Y8C1Sxg1M8K^� Ya%FGFH�}Y8C1S A %FMPGFgifTG<y^y A yNDFH8SjY8C1S_K^McwK^RTS�Y8KdO?S_R1S�M % A G-RTg G<M8S?S_|<S�R5YPfTG-yNy A HnYPD<W1WXS_g���B)C1S S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<RTH %<S�RTS�MQGlY8S~g�gif1S?YPD�Y8C1SKND<R1KN�_G-Y8KND<R ` G$# K81 KwRHXxTJ[PO4Q kJg1M8K^� Y�Y8D[{)G-MQg1H)G-RTDwg1S�HnYPM8KNWTH�H8K^Y8fTG-Y8S_g DFR�Y8C1S KNRTH8KNg1S?D-��Y8C1SO A yNK^RhgiS�M @ G-MPMPS�y }-Y8CTS�KNM+giMPK^� Y Y8KNEjS�KNRTgiKdO�G-Y8KNR2% YPC1SpyNDiO�G-Y8KND<R�D-� YPC1S�KNM+W1M8DigifhO©Y8KND<R�(B)C1SG-MPMQG-R2%FS�EjS�R5Y�S�Rw|wKNH8KND<R1S~gjK^RTO�y^fhgiS_H s / G<R1Rwf1yNG<M O�DFW1WXS�M G<R1DigiS�MPK^RB%?WTG<g1H G-yND<R2%LYPC1S �G �iKdHJW1MPK^R5YPS_g D<R5Y8D�GZ� ; t�W1ydGlY8SF�+��R G-�_K^E�fiY8ChG-yH8f @ giK^|wKdH]KND<R�KdH�G<yNH8D�O�D<RhO�S�KN|lG @ yNS�3hK YKdH)|5K^YPG<y K^R O_G<H8S�YPC1S?OQCTG-E @ S_MJKNH)fTH8S_gx� D<MJMPS_GFO©YPK^DFRTH KNRw|<DFy^|wKNR2%�CTK1%FC G<R1DigiS?O�D<fTRFYPK^RB%MQGlY8S~H�S �iO�S�S~giK^RB%�Y8CTS�MPS_G<g1D<fiYpH8WXS�S_grD-� GxH8KNR2%<yNS�H]Y8MPK^W�p��ydH8DT}XK �{YPC1S�g1KNH]Y8MPK @ fiY8KND<RrD<�S �nS~O©YPK^yNS_H?KdHLS �iWXS_O�Y8S_g:YPD @ S�G<H A EjE�S�Y8MPKNO<}�S<��%T�jK^R WXDFHPH]K @ yNSjS �iWhS_M8KNEjS�R5YPH({JK YPCvWXD�/ydG-MPK^�_S_g @ S_G<EjH_}XY8C1S ��KNRi� D<MPE�GlY8KND<R E�fTH]Y @ S�D @ YQG-KNR1S_g �a#�YPC1S�M {JKNH8S YPC1SjO A y^KNRTgiMPKdO�G-yydG A D<f1Y+YQG-cFS_HJG<g1|¡G<R5YPG�%FSLD-�(Y8C1S MPD-YQGlYPK^DFRTG-y H A EjEjS�YPM A � ��RTD-Y8CTS�M�WXDFHPH]K @ yNS G-W1WTM8D5G<OQC

q(K1%Ff1MPS �i� ; �:B)CTM8S_S�/\giK^EjS_RTH]KND<RhG-y�O�fiY /\G�{+G A |5KNSJ{ ` y^S�� YQk�G<RTg HPOQC1S�E�GlYPKNO H]KdgiSr|wKNSJ{` MPK&%<C5YQk D-�(Y8CTS B ���+B)[8� giS�YPS_O�Y8D<M�OQChG-E @ S�M~��B G<c<S_R�� MPD<E F^;<;HG �

H

Page 20: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; t

q(K1%Ff1MPS �i���i���.HPOQC1S�E�GlYPKNOZgiKdG�%<MQG-E H8C1D[{JK^RB% H]K&%<RhG-ydH � MPD<E B(���+B)[8��� H�G-R1DigiS~H�G<y /yND[{JK^R2%ZY8CTS�YPMPGFOQcwK^R2% G-RTg:KdgiS�R5Y8K� hO_GlY8KND<RvD-�+OQCTG-M %<S~grWTG<M]YPKNO�y^S~H��a)�S�MPS<} YPK^EjSjKdHK{JK YPCMPS_H8WhS~O©Y)Y8DjYPC1S?yNGFHnY�G<R1DigiS<�{B(G-cFS�R�� MPD<E F ; � G �

Y8D giS�YPS�MPEjK^R1S�Y8C1SjG-�_K^E�fiY8C:O�DwD<MQgiKNRTGlYPS KNHpfTH8K^RB% @ GFOQcF%5G-EjEjD<R0/ Y A WhS G<R1DigiS_HpG<H�giS�/HPO�MPK @ S_gZK^R�MPS��n� F^; � G �B)C1S�O_GlYPC1DigiS�KdH�� DFM8EjS_g @wA G H8S�WTG<MPG-Y8KNR2%L� D<KNy @ S�Y {+S�S_R�Y8C1S�YPG-M %<S�Y G-Rhg�giM8K^� Y MPSJ%FK^DFRTH_}D<M @wA fTH8K^R2%LG-R�G-MPMPG A D-�XO�GlYPC1DigiS<{JK^MPS_H_}-giS�WXS�RhgiK^RB%�DFR YPC1SJG-W1W1yNKdO�GlYPK^DFR D-�hY8C1S)OQCTG<E$/@ S�M~�+[\RrY8C1S ydGlY8Y8S_MpO�GFH]SF}TD<��O�D<f1MQH8S<} @ D-YPC Y8C1S YPG-M %<S�YpG-Rhg Y8C1S�g1M8K^� YpMPSJ%FK^DFR E�fTH]Y @ S TyNy^S~gq{JK YPC Y8C1S�HPG-EjS>%FGFH���[ Y�CTG<H @ S�S_R H]C1D[{JR F^;<;WG YPCTGlY�G O_G�%FS�D<�)G<W1W1MPD<W1MPKdGlY8S_y A@ KdG<H8S_g�GFg1giK^Y8KND<RTG<yB{JKNM8S~H�}wGlY)G�H8y^K&%<C5YPy A H]E�G<y^yNS�M MPGFgiK^fhH{YPCTG-R�YPC1SpO_GlYPC1DigiS {JKNM8S~H�}wO�DFy /yNS_O©YQH)G-yNy @ S_G<E S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<RTH435Y8CwfTH Y8CTS A G<M8SpW1M8S_|<S_RFYPS_g�� M8DFE S�R5Y8S_M8KNR2% YPC1S?giMPK � YJMPSJ%<KND<R�B)C1SxOQChG-M %<SjO�D<yNyNS_O©YPS_g @wA YPC1SxG<R1DigiS_H g1S�WXS�RTg1H D<R Y8CTS�S�R1S_M % A yNDFHPH ` YPC1SxH]Y8D<WTW1K^RB%WXD[{ S_M�g � ElgA5Xk�D-��Y8CTSrS �nS~O©Y8KNyNS_H_} @wA {JCTKNOQC�EjS_G<RTH�K^Y�KNH�WXDFHPH8K @ yNS�Y8D KdgiS�R5YPK � A Y8C1SS �nS~O©YPK^yNS?H]WXS_O�K^S~H���B)C1S�Y8KNEjS�H8K&%<RTG<yNH+D-�Y8C1S?G-MPMPK^|lG-yXD-�Y8C1S G�/ S�yNS_O©YPM8DFRTH+GlYJO�D<RhH]S~O�fiYPK^|FSG-RTDwg1S_H�S_RTG @ y^S?YPC1S�giS�Y8S_M8EjKNRTGlYPK^DFR D-��Y8C1S�WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS?YPMPG �nS_O©YPD<M A }1K^��Y8CTS S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<RrgiMPK � Y|<S_y^DiO�K Y A KdHLYQG-c<S_R K^R5Y8DrGFO�O�D<f1R5Y_���pH({JKNy^y @ S�H8C1D[{JR�}Y8C1S�S_y^S~O©YPM8DFRvgiMPK^� Y Y8KNEjS�KNH?D<�Y8CTS?D<MQgiS�M)D-� ��H_}iKb�1SF�{H]yND[{ O�D<EjWTG<M8S~g�Y8DjYPC1S?WTGFH8HPG�%FS�D-�(Y8CTS?K^DFR��� TMQH]YpHnYQG�%FS?D-�{OQCTG-M %<S?H8K1%FRTG-y G-EjW1yNK hO_GlYPK^DFR KNH�W1M8Dl|wKdgiS_g @wA GZ�LG<H ' y^S~O©Y8MPD<R o fTy /Y8KNW1yNK^S_M ` �K' o k F ; s G W1ydG<O�S_g GlY�G�H8C1DFM]Y�giKdHnYQG-RTO�S�� MPD<E Y8C1S G<R1DigiSpWhG<g1H_� ' HPH]S_R5Y8KdG-yNy A }Gj�K' o KNH)G 8TS �iK @ y^S �<t � E � DFK^y D<� KdH]DFyNG-Y8KNR2%�E�GlYPS�MPKNG<y�{JK YPCxYPC1K^R�O�DFRTgifTO�Y8KNR2%�yNG A S�MQHD<R7S_K YPC1S�M�H]KdgiS @ S�Y {+S�S_R {JC1KNOQC G�CTK1%FC7|<D<y^YPGh%<S�KdH G-WTW1y^KNS_g���B)CTS�MPSxG-MPS�C1D<yNS_H({JK YPCG giKdG-EjS�Y8S�MxD-���-t � E G-RTg ; �-t � E W1K^YPOQC�Y8CTM8DFf2%<C {JC1KdOQC S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<RTH�O_G-R�YPMPG¡|FS�y �B)C1S�HnYPM8DFR2%�yNDwO_G-y S�yNS_O©YPM8KdO hS�ydgrO�G<fTH]S~HJYPC1S�E.Y8DZE�f1y^Y8KNW1y A @wA YPC1S�G¡|lG<yNG<RTOQC1S?S�� S_O�Y_�B)C1S_M8S�� D<MPS<}�D<R1y A D<R1Sx� f1M]YPC1S�MjH]YPG�%FS�D-��H8K1%FRTG-y+G-EjW1yNK XO�GlYPK^DFR KdH�MPS�I5f1KNM8S~g }*{JC1KdOQC7KNHW1MPDl|wKNgiS~g @wA G�W1MPS_G<EjW @ DFG<MPg �

Page 21: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ;F;

-

+

q(K1%Ff1MPS��i� �1��B)C1SpS�yNS_O©YPM8KdO� hS�ydg�y^S~G<giKNR2%�Y8D�S_y^S~O©YPM8DFR�H]K&%<RTG<yXG<EjW1y^K� hO_GlY8KND<RZGlY+G��K' o7�q(K1%Ff1MPSpYQG-cFS�RZ� M8DFE F ; � G �

B)C1Sjg1GlYQGZG I5f1KNH8K^Y8KND<R ` �����Lk�O�D<EjW1MPKdH]S~H�s / /\OQCTG-R1RTS�y 8XG<H8C0/ �p�L� @ D5G-MQg1H�} HPG-EjW1yNK^RB%Y8CTS�H]CTG<WhS)D<�TY8CTS+WTf1yNH8S_H�g1S�yNK^|FS�MPS_g�Y8C1MPD<f2%FC YPC1SJW1MPS_G-EjW1yNK� TS�MQH��(o D<MPS�Dl|FS�M~}�YPC1S 8hGFH]C0/���?� YPG<c<S_HLO_G-MPS�D<� YPC1SjY8KNEjSxG-Rhg:OQCTG<M %FS�KNRi� DFM8E�GlYPK^DFR S �wY8MQG<O�Y8KND<R���B)C1S�H8D-� Y {)G-MPSWTG<M]Y�D-�hY8C1SJ����� KNH(YQG-cFS�R�DFR @wA G�o [n����e F ; � G H A H]Y8S_E�}[{JK YPCjV #�o:' F^; � G GFO©Y8KNR2%?G<HG�O�D<Rw|FS�R1KNS�R5Y KNR5Y8S_M]�²GFO�S @ S�Y { S_S�R�or[n���pe�G-RTg�V #,#�B F ; . G �(B)C1S+ydGlY]YPS�M�KdH(G�H]YPG-Rhg1G-MQgWTGFOQc¡Gh%<Sp� D<M�g1G-YPGjG-RhG-y A H8KdHV{JKdgiS_y A fTH]S~g K^R RwfTO�yNS_G<MJW1C A H8KdO�H_�

e�� " �9�9����*J��������B)C1S TMQH]Y R5fhO�yNS_G-M?MPS_GFO©YPK^DFR YPD @ S�EjS_GFH]fTM8S~g KNR B ���+B)[8� {JKNy^y @ SW+~��K `�- } RhkPU8U���}�KNRY8CTS O-� E ��S_R1S�M % A MQG-RB%<S�D-��t1� s�YPD���orS�z��hB)C1KNHJO�D<MPM8S~H]WXD<Rhg1H Y8D�G + ��K @ S~G-E S_R1S�M % AD-��tT� ; ��YPD ; � ; � o S_zKklf��4)�K1%FC1S�M @ S~G-E�K^R5Y8S_RTH8K YPK^S~H ` f1W Y8D ; t`bjW1WTHQk?O�G<R @ S�fhH]S~gY8ChG-R K^R W1MPS�|wKND<fTHLS �iWhS_M8KNEjS�R5YPH F . G H8KNRTO�S @ S_G-E WTG-M8Y8KdO�yNS_H?G<M8SjR1D<Y?Y8MQG<OQcFS_g } YPCTG-RTcwHY8DZY8CTS�H8S�WTG<MPG-Y8KND<R D<�{YPG<M %FS�Y�G<RTg g1M8K^� Y�MPSJ%FK^DFR��LB)C1S�YQG-M %<S�Yf%FGFH�KNRrYPC1KdHpKNRTH]YPG<RTO�S�KNHC1S_y^KNf1E��p� A fTH8K^R2%xY8C1S�H8G<EjS(%FGFHJ� D<MLgiS�Y8S_O�Y8DFMpG-Rhg�YPG<M %FS�Y_}XB ���+B)[8��O_G-R @ S�DFWhS_M /GlYPS_g:K^R G4{JK^RhgiD[{Jy^S~H8H�EjDigiS<} Kb� SF�${JK^Y8C7O_GlY8CTDwg1SS{JKNMPS_H�MPG-Y8C1S_M�Y8CTG<RvG�H8S�WTG<MPG-Y8KNR2%� D<KNy ��� A Y8C1KdHLEjS_G-RhH�}XY8CTS�S_R1S�M % A G-Y]Y8S_RwfTGlYPK^DFR D-� Y8C1SjS �nS~O©YPK^yNS_HLO�G<R @ SjS�yNK^EjKNRTGlYPS_g ��l# � KdH?G<g1giS~g G<H?G I5f1S�RTOQCTK^R2% %5G<HLKNRvDFMPg1S�M�Y8DrH8f1W1W1MPS_HPH�W1C1D<Y8D<RhH?M8S~H]fTy YPK^R2% � MPD<EGlYPD<EjKdO?S �1O�K^YPG-Y8KND<R���BS~HnYQH�WXS�M8� D<MPEjS_grG-YpG�YPS_H]Y�OQCTG<E @ S�M ` H]S_S�H8S_O�Y8KND<R �i� s5k A KNS�ydgiS~gY8CTS?C1K1%FC1S_H]Y�H]K&%<RhG-y�G-EjW1yNK� hO�G-Y8KND<R4{JC1S�R Y8CTS()�S�kF�l# � MPG-Y8KNDS{)G<HcHFt?>tk ; t?> F^;<;WG �B)C1SLE�G-KNR H8D<fTMPO�S�D-� @ G<OQcQ%FM8DFf1RTg�KdH+S�ydG<H]Y8KdO�HPO�G-Y]YPS�MPK^R2%h}FCTD[{ S_|<S�M~}wH]KNRTO�S?HPO�G-Y]Y8S_M8S~g -WTG<M]YPKNO�y^S~H {JKNy^y @ S�KNR:O�DFK^RhO�KdgiS�RTO�S({JK^Y8C S_yNGFHnYPKNOa+_�Kb} G-Rhg Y8C1St+��K S_R1S�M % A y^D5H8HpgiK �XS_MPHH8K1%FR1K XO�G-R5YPy A � MPD<E UPU©��}5Y8C1S~H]S�S�|FS�R5YPH+O�G<R @ SLg1KNHPO�MPK^EjKNRTGlYPS_gj� MPD<E&YPC1SLgiS_H8K^MPS_gxM8S~G<O�/Y8KND<RhH�� o DFf1R5Y8KNR2%ZG<R:G<M8MQG A D<� @ KdH]E�fiY8C %<S_M8E�G-RhGlY8S ` �J�(#Lk�H8O�K^R5Y8KNyNyNG-Y8KND<R giS�Y8S~O©Y8DFMPHG-MPD<fTRTg�YPC1S B(���+B)[8� OQCTG<E @ S�M�G<y^yND[{�H � D<MJYPC1S giS�YPS_O�Y8KND<R�D-� � S�|FS�R5YPH+� MPD<E S �1O�K^Y8S~gH]YPGlYPS_H D-� Y8CTS�MPS_G<O�Y8KND<RjW1MPDigifTO©Y~��B)C1KNH W1MPDl|wKNgiS~H{G O�D<KNRTO�KdgiS�RhO�S�H8K1%FRTG-y %<KN|wK^R2%L� fTM]YPC1S�MKNRTgiKdO�GlYPK^DFRZD<��{JCTS�Y8CTS�MJD<MJRTD-Y�G-R S�|FS�R5YJKNHJY8D @ S O�D<RTH8KdgiS�MPS_g ���RTD-Y8CTS�M W1M8DFWhD5H]S~g MPS_G<O�Y8KND<R KdH b��+S jpW S_yNGFHnYPKNO:H8O_GlY8Y8S�MPKNR2% F^;_/ G }�� DFM^{JC1KdOQC G2C A /giMPDh%FS�Rj%FGFHJYQG-M %<S�YpKNHpR1S�S~giS_g��pB)C1S�giM8K^� YLM8S�%<KND<R {JK^yNy(Y8C1S_R @ S�H8S�WTG<MPG-Y8S~g @wA G�YPC1KNR� D<KNy �{B)C1KNH�D<WiYPK^DFR�}iC1D[{+S�|<S_M_}F{JKNy^y�RTD-Y @ S giKNHPO�fhH8H8S_gZK^R YPC1KNH�M8S_WhDFM]Y~�

Page 22: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; �

q K&%<fTM8S �i� sT��B)C1SL[]ei��� �²G<O�K^yNK^Y A GlY�BJVJ[nmporq+�Tq(K1%Ff1MPSpYQG-cFS�RZ� M8DFE F ; H G �e��- &����� � "%$ ���?*��U�_�Qi����% >������ �

�+Y YPC1S�S�Rhg:D<�J�<t<t5�xDFM?S_G<M8y A KNR �-t<tF�1}G B(���+B)[8� W1MPD-Y8D<Y A WhSjKdH�HPOQC1S_gifTy^S~g YPD @ SG<HPH8S�E @ y^S~g G-RTg�EjD<f1R5Y8S~g DFR�G @ S~G-E yNK^R1S+D-�TY8C1S+[nH]D<Y8DFWhSJewS�WhG-MQGlY8DFM G<RTg��pO�O�S_y^S_MPG-Y8DFM` []e1���)k F^; H G GlY BJV�[nm�orq+�wB)C1KNH{�²G<O�K^yNK Y A KdH O_G-WTG @ y^SJD<�giS�yNKN|<S�MPKNR2% @ S~G-E�H{D<� MPGFgiK^D5G<O�/Y8KN|<S�K^DFRTH {JK^Y8C:EjGFH8H8S_H�f1W Y8DZ�<t�f G<RTg�S�RTS�M %<KNS_H @ S�Y {+S�S_R t1� ; �<��G-RTg ; � �<��o S�z,k¡f��� �<t<t�o S�z W1M8D<Y8DFR @ S_G<E�GFO�O�S�yNS�MQGlY8S~g KNR Y8CTSxBJVJ[nm�o q E�G-KNR O A O�y^D<Y8MPD<RvKNH?fhH]S~gY8DxW1M8DigifhO�S�G�|¡G<M8KNS�Y A D-�{RwfTO�y^S_K�{JC1S_RrHnYPS�S_M8S~g�D<R5Y8DxG<R []ei��� YPG<M %FS�Y~��� E�G<HPH�H8S�W0/G-MQGlYPD<M�G-yNy^D[{�H�Y8C1S�OQC1DFKNO�S�D<� D<RTS�WTG<M]YPKNO�f1ydG-M�K^DFR:H8WhS~O�KNS_HP{JK YPC:CTK1%FC W1MPS_O�KNH8K^DFRr� MPD<EY8CTDFH8S?S �wY8MQG<O�Y8S_gZ� MPD<E YPC1S KND<R H8D<f1MQO�SF� q1DFMJY8C1S?RwfTO�y^S~G-M�GFHnYPM8DFW1C A H]KdO�H+S �iWXS�MPK^EjS_RFYQH�}G�W1f1ydH]S~gZH]Y8MPfTO�Y8f1MPSpKdH)KNE�WXDFH8S_gZD<RZY8CTS @ S_G<E @wA G�W1M8SJ/ @ f1RTOQC1S_M_}iG�MPGFgiKND�� MPS�I5f1S_RTO AI5fTG<g1M8f1WXD<yNS ` V�q �LkG-RTg�H]S_|<S�MQG-y5H]f @ H]S�I5f1S�R5Y @ f1RTOQC1S_MPH_� B)C1S+giMPK � Y(Y8f @ S+y^KNRTG<O ` ��BJ� kY8CTS�R:GFO�O�S�yNS�MQGlY8S~H)Y8CTS @ S_G<E YPDxK^YPHLgiS~H]K&%<RTG-Y8S~g�S�R1S_M % A } G-RTg�YPC1S�C1K1%FCrS�RTS�M % A @ S~G-EY8MQG-RhH]WXD<M8YLH A HnYPS�E ` ) ' �)B�k�YPG<c<S~HpK^Y?Y8D S�K^Y8CTS�MLY8CTSj��V����(# ! F �-t G DFM?BJm���� F � ;WGS �iWXS�MPK^EjS_RFY~�

e� � &���! #��� $&��� ��v��,�^���5� � "$#�%��^%B2A���� W1ydG-RTG<MjY8S~HnYxOQCTG<E @ S�M�H8S�MP|<S~H�GFH�G H]S�Y8f1W Y8D7KNRw|<S~HnYPK1%5GlY8SZY8CTSj%FG<HjEjK �wY8f1MPS<} Y8C1SW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S G-RTg TS�ydg#g1S�WXS�RTgiS_RTO�S�D<��Y8C1S H8K1%FRTG-ydH_}{G-RTg Y8D:Y8S_H]YjY8C1S ��������B)C1SZY8S~HnYOQCTG<E @ S�M�giMPK � Y�|<DFy^fTE�SZKNH�G @ DFfiY��-t7a �-tvO�E {JK^Y8C�G:C1S�K&%<C5YjD-�L�:O�E�� � �K' o� D<KNyJEjD<f1R5YPS_g��vE�E G @ Dl|<SZY8C1S � EjE G<R1DigiS HnYPM8KNWTH�O�Dl|FS�MQH�G<R G<O©YPK^|FS g1S�Y8S~O©YPK^DFRG-MPS_G�D-� / a / O�E�} K �hSF� ; ��G-RTDwg1S_H�O�G-R @ S�fTH8S_g �?�K' o�G<RTg G<R1DigiS_HpG-MPS � S~g @wA GO�DFEjE�DFRZWXD[{+S�MJH]fTW1W1y A {JK YPCxYPC1S?|<DFy YQG�%FS�MQGlY8KND @ S_K^R2% �wS~g�YPD��1� �1����R )�z @ DFG<MPg }

Page 23: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; �

q(K1%Ff1MPSZ�i���i��eiOQC1S_EjG-Y8KdO�|wK^S�{&D-�JY8CTSZB(���+B)[8� YPS_H]Y�OQCTG<E @ S�M~�rB A W1KdO�G<y{D<WXS�MQGlYPK^DFRWTG<MPG<E�S�Y8S_MPHjG-MPS�������� � � �-tFt z%G<RTg�� ����� l������ ��� @ S�Y {+S�S_RUHFt<tvz%G-RTg ; �<t<t:z�}giS_WhS_RTgiKNR2%:DFR7Y8CTS^%5G<H WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS F �F� G � mpH]fhG-yNy A }�Y8C1S�OQCTG-E @ S_M�KdH�D<WXS�MQGlY8S~g7GlYt%FGFHW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S~H @ S�Y {+S�S_R ; t<t�E @ G-MJG-RTg�G-Y8EjDFH8W1C1S_M8KdO�WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS<�

{JC1KdOQC G-ydH8D�O�D<EjW1MPKdH]S~HJY8CTKNHp|<DFy YQG�%<S g1K^|wKdgiS�M~}Xg1S_O�DFf1W1yNS_H�Y8C1S�G-R1DigiS�H]K&%<RTG<yNH_� ' |<S�R5YQHG-MPSP%<S�RTS�MQGlY8S~g @wA Gj� d�U©��E - H8D<f1MQO�S ` �1� s / ��o S�zLk©}1EjDl|lG @ yNS�WhS_M8WXS�RTg1KNO�f1yNG<M+Y8D�Y8C1SG-RTDwg1S�HnYPM8KNWTH_�(� ; ��� E'Y8CTKNOQcjo A yNG<M{� DFK^yXO�Dl|<S_MPH(YPC1S�� MPD<R5Y D<� Y8C1S�H]DFf1MPO�S<}Fy^S~G<giKNR2%LY8DgiKNM8S~O©YPK^DFRTG-y�HnYPMPGh%h%Fy^KNR2%�D<� Y8CTS - WTG<M]YPKNO�y^S~HpGFHP{ S_y^y�G<H�Y8D G<RrS�R1S_M % A M8S~gifTO�Y8KND<R�� ��RS �wYPS�MPRTG-y %5G<HLCTG<RTgiyNK^R2%rH A HnYPS�E c<S�S_WTH�Y8CTSW%FGFHLE�K �wY8f1MPS�GlYaHFtFk ; t4)�S�kF�l# � {JK YPC G8TD[{ D-��G @ D<fiY��-tFt�O�E���klE�KNR���^���5� � � �<2L��� �����S* =s*|24* /-.a MPS�|wKND<fTH�G-W1WTy^KdO�G-Y8KND<RTH�D-�JY8CTSxYPS_H]Y�OQCTG<E @ S�M�KNRTO�y^fTg1SZKNRw|<S_H]Y8K&%FG-Y8KND<RTH D-��YPC1SZH8K1%FRTG-ygiS_WhS_RTgiS�RhO�SvD<R YPC1S �K' o j�G-RTDwg1S |<DFy YQG�%FS G-RTg Y8C1Sq%FGFHxEjK �5YPf1MPS:G-Rhg W1MPS_HPH]fTM8SF�o DFM8S_Dl|<S�M~}iYPC1S�|FD<y^YPG�%FS?MPG<R2%<S?KNR:{JC1KdOQC YPC1S��K' o KNHpD<WXS�MQGlYPK^DFRTG-y {JK^Y8CrY8C1SjH]K&%<RhG-ydH@ S�KNR2%�giKdHnYPK^R2%Ff1KdH]CTG @ yNSp� MPD<E @ G<OQcQ%<MPD<fTRTg�R1DFKNH8S<}0{)G<H)S~HnYQG @ yNKdH]C1S~g F^;<;HG �[\R DFMPgiS_M?Y8DvG-yNy^D[{'� DFM Y8CTSZH8K^E�f1y YQG-R1S_D<fTH�D @ H8S�MP|lGlYPK^DFRvD<��H]K&%<RhG-ydH?� MPD<E�f1W7Y8D � D<f1MO�DFRTH8S_O�f1Y8KN|<S�G-RTDwg1S�HnYPM8KNWTH_}5G<R�G-RTG<y^D %<f1S)S_y^S~O©Y8MPD<RTKNO_H{H]S�Y8f1WZ{+GFH{G<HPH]S_E @ yNS_g�GFH{H8C1D[{JRKNR B%<fTM8S��1� �T��B)C1S KNR1W1fiYQHpG<M8S WXDFH8K^Y8KN|<S�H8K1%FRTG-ydH�giS_y^KN|<S_M8S~g @wA YPC1S$)�z @ DFG-MQg�G-RTg GH8f @ H8S�I5f1S�R5Y)� D<fTM�OQCTG-R1RTS�y�W1MPS_G<EjW1y^K� TS_M @ DFG<MPg ` H8S�S %<f1MPSL�1� .<k©�q1DFM?� f1M8Y8C1S_M�W1MPDiO�S~H8H8K^RB%wU_} Y8C1SxH8K&%<RTG<yNH?RTS�S_gvYPD @ SxK^Rw|<S_M]YPS_g G-RhgvG<EjW1y^K� TS~g } @ S�� D<MPS@ S�KNR2%j� S_g�KNR5Y8D�GjWhS~G-cF/\H]S_RTH]KNR2%�G-RhG-yNDh%<fTS�/\giK1%FK YQG-y O�DFR5|FS�M8Y8S_M ` ���?�)kl{JC1KdOQC giK&%<K^Y8KN��S_HY8CTS)H8K&%<RTG<y1H]KN��SF�*#pR�Y8D<W�D-�hY8CTG-Y_}5G�YPK^EjS�/\giK&%<K^YPG<y1O�D<Rw|FS�M8Y8S�M ` BJ�?�)k(KdH�fTH]S~g YPDLS �wY8MQG<O�YY8CTS)Y8KNE�SJKNRi� DFM8E�GlYPK^DFR�� MPD<E y^D %<KdO�G<y5WTf1yNH8S_H_��B)C1SJyNG-Y]YPS�M{G-MPSc%<S_R1S�MQGlYPS_g @wA G�O�D<RTH]YPG<R5Y� MQG<O©YPK^DFR:giKdHPO�MPK^EjKNRTGlYPD<M ` �+q���k�} Y8MPK1% %<S_M8KNR2%xGZy^D %<KdO�G<yYPK^EjKNR2% H]K&%<RTG<y(GFHLH]DwD<R:G<HpY8C1S��� * * # � *b���J� '4?���(b� * �.%:2 � * # �"!-�4- # � �$#"% 8 '��4(/;L�",©�Q��� �48¡���$���4-$%�'4* 3��L*''&-�"( �+*b�.'�%l�Q� C

Page 24: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; s

TENNELECTC 455Quad CFD

Delay

Delay

4 channels

Test Chamber

Preamplifier

16

HV Board

LeCroy2259A12 chan. ADC

LeCroy2228A8 chan. TDC

Model 429ALeCroy

Login Fan−In/Fan−Out

DelayLeCroyModel 612A12 channelPM amplifier

LeCroyModel 428FLinear Fan−In/Fan−Out

Model 621BLPLeCroy

QuadDiscriminator

Model 1500 CAMAC Crate

MIDAS DAQ Software Frontend

q(K1%Ff1MPS?�1� �T��B)C1S ����� G<RTG-yNDh%Ff1S�S�yNS_O©YPM8DFR1KdO�HJGlY)YPC1S B ���+B)[8� Y8S~HnY�OQChG-E @ S�M~��B A W0/KdO�G-y WTf1yNH8S H8CTG-WXS_HJG-� Y8S�MJS~G<OQC EjDwg1f1y^S G<M8SLKNRTgiKdO�G-Y8S_gZKNR�gTG<H8C1S_gZW1MPK^R5Y_�

D<MPK&%<KNRTG-y�H]K&%<RhG-y�CTG<HLMPKdH]S_RrY8D G�O�S_M]YQG-KNRr� MQG<O�Y8KND<R D<� K^YPHLWXS_G<c G-EjW1yNK YPfTgiS ` H8S�S B%Ff1MPS�i� / k����J� YPS�MpY8CTG-Y_}hY8C1S�W1f1ydH]S~H�G-MPS H8CTG-WXS_grG<y^yND[{JKNR2%jY8C1S�H]K&%<RhG-ydH)� M8DFE � DFf1MpOQChG-R1R1S_yNHY8D?Dl|FS�MPyNG<W�}-H8DpYPCTGlY H8f @ H8S�I5f1S_R5Y8y A }lYPC1S�H8CTG-WXS_g�W1f1ydH]S~H{O�G<R @ SJW1MPDiO�S~H8H8S_g @wA GLy^D %<KdO�G<y#�V2Y8D?W1MPDigifTO�S+YPC1SJM8S�I5f1K^MPS_g����?�#G-RTg�BJ�?� %5GlY8S~H��(B)C1S����?�#G-RTg�BJ�?�7EjDigif1yNS_HG-MPSJEjD<f1R5YPS_gjKNRxG��+��o ���2O�MPG-Y8S�O�D<R1RTS_O©YPS_g�YPD�G a �p}FD<R>{JC1KdOQCjY8C1S�o [n����e������H8D-� Y {)G-MPS�� MPD<R5Y8S_RTg MPf1RTH_� B)C1S g1GlYQG WTM8DiO�S~H8H8KNR2%rKdH�G<O�O�D<EjW1yNKNH8C1S~g @wA Vl#�oD' G<RTgV #,#�BL�q1MPD<E B%Ff1M8S��i� .�K YLO�G<R @ S�H]S_S�R�Y8ChGlY�YPC1S�H8K&%<RTG<y H8CTG-WXS D-��YPC1S hMPH]YpOQCTG<R1R1S�y(giK �XS_MPH� MPD<E Y8C1S D<Y8C1S_MPH_�JB)C1KdH�W1MPD @ yNS�E.KdH�gif1S Y8DxG�g1S�� S_O�Y�KNR Y8C1S�W1M8S~G-EjW @ DFG-MQg �)B)C1S�MPS�/� D<MPS<}iDFR1y A Y8C1S?D<Y8C1S_M)Y8C1MPS�S OQChG-R1R1S_yNH)O_G-R @ S?fhH]S~gZ{JC1S_R G-RTG<y A H8K^R2%�Y8CTS g1GlYQG1���H�YPC1SZS_y^S~O©YPM8DFR1KNO_H f1WB%<MQG<giSZR1S_G<M8S~g7O�D<EjW1yNS�YPK^DFR�}�YPC1S��K' o � D<KNyJH]fhg1giS�RTy A �²G-KNyNS_g �[ Y {)G<H+M8S_EjDl|<S_g�� M8DFE Y8CTS OQCTG-E @ S_M_} @ fiY�O�D<f1ydg R1D-Y @ S?M8S_fTH8S_gZS�|<S_R G-� Y8S_MJM8S_WhS~GlY8S~gGlY8Y8S_E�W1YPHLYPDrO�yNS_G-RvK^Y�fTH8K^R2% G<RvfTy YPMPGFH]DFR1KNO @ G-Y8C���[\RhH]WXS_O�Y8KND<R f1RTgiS_M�G�EjKNO�M8D5H8O�D<WXSgiKdgrR1D<Y�MPS�|FS_G<yS�|wKdgiS�RhO�S�D-� W1C A H8KNO_G-y�g1G-E�G�%FS<�K)�D[{+S�|FS�M~}XGFHpH8DwD<R GFH�YPC1S�OQChG-E @ S�M{)G<H+M8S~G<HPH]S_E @ yNS_g�}FYPC1S?MPS_H8KNH]YPG<RTO�S @ S�Y { S_S�R Y8CTSpY {+D�O�DFRTgifTO�Y8KNR2%jyNG A S�MQH WXS�MQH]KdH]Y8S_gxY8DgiMPD<W#Y8D G:� SJ{ c���}<{JC1S�MPS GlY�yNS_G<H]Y�H]S_|<S_MPG<yJ��� {+D<f1ydg @ S S �wWXS_O�Y8S~g � ��yNy��K' oCTG<RTgiyNK^R2%${+GFH�WXS�M8� D<MPE�S~g�GlY+O�yNS_G-RxM8DwD<E'O�DFRTgiK^Y8KND<RTH_� '{|<S_R5Y8fTG<y^y A }FK^R�DFMPg1S�M{YPD E�G-cFSY8CTS OQCTG-E @ S_MJD<WXS�MQGlY8KND<RhG-y }wG�R1S�{ �K' o%� DFK^yCTG<gxY8D @ S @ f1KNy Y�KNR��

Page 25: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; �

q(K1%Ff1MPS��1� .i�j#�HPO�KNy^yNDFHPO�DFWhS H8O�M8S_S�RTH8C1D<Y_�ZH8KNR2%<yNSZS_|<S_RFYjW1MPS_G<E�WTy^K� TS_g H8K1%FRTG-ydH � MPD<E!sH8fTO�O�S_HPH]KN|<S G<R1DigiS_H ` �K' o j�G-RTDwg1S |<DFy YQG�%FS � ; s5t<t z�}+WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS � ; tFt<t7E @ G-M©k©�B)C1S�H]CTG<WhS�D-� Y8C1S�H]K&%<RhG-yTDFRjY8C1S� TMQHnY OQChG-R1R1S_yhKdH g1f1S�YPD�H]DFEjS�giS�� S~O©Y+K^R�YPC1S�WTM8S~G-EjW@ DFG-MQg �

q(K1%Ff1MPS7�1� / � #�H8O�K^yNy^D5H8O�D<WXS:HPO�MPS�S_RTH]CTD-Y_� H8K^RB%<yNSvS_|<S_RFY yNDiO�K&%FG-y�YPK^EjS H8K1%FRTG-ydH ` Gl� YPS�M�+q���k�� MPD<E s H]fTO_O�S~H8H8K^|FSZG<R1DigiS_H ` �K' o j�G-R1DigiSZ|<DFy YQG�%<S ��; �Ft<t z�}(WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS �; tFt<t�E @ G<MQk��

Page 26: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; �

q(K1%Ff1MPSL�1� HT�(VJS_yNG-Y8KN|<S�H]K&%<RTG<y�%FG-KNR�W1MPDl|wKNg1S_g @wA Y8CTSpYPS_H]Y)OQChG-E @ S�MJ�K' o%� D<M)yND[{ %FGFHW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S~H�� ! fTE @ S�MQH KNR7Y8C1S O�KNMPO�y^S~H MPS�W1MPS_H8S�R5Y?YPC1SxW1MPS_HPH8f1M8S�KNR E @ G-M~}(g1K^|wKdgiS_g @wA; tFt1��B(G-c<S_R�� MPD<E F �F� G �e��� ��� � � �� ���� � � � ���� yNS_G-MPy A }�YPC1SxH8K1%FRTG-yE%FG-KNRv�²G<O�Y8D<M�W1M8DigifhO�S_g @wA Y8C1SZ�K' o giS�WXS�Rhg1H DFR:YPC1SxG<W1W1yNK^S~g|<DFy YQG�%FS<} G-RTg:G-ydH]DZD<R Y8C1St%FGFH�WTM8S~H8H8f1MPS<� a MPS�|wKND<fTH�EjS_G<H8f1MPS�EjS�R5YQH F �<� G MPS_H8f1y^Y8S~grKNRY8CTSZg1G-YPG H8C1D[{JR7KNR B%Ff1MPSZ�i� H1}�O�Dl|FS�MPK^RB%�Y8C1S y^D[{c/ W1MPS_HPH]fTM8SjMQG-R2%FS�� M8DFE ; t<t�E @ G-MY8Dv�-t<t�E @ G-M~� u K^Y8C7YPC1SxKNEjW1M8Dl|FS_g ����� S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R1KdO�H�giS_HPO�MPK @ S~g K^R2H8S_O�Y8KND<R2�1� sh� �1}Y8CTS_H8S TRhgiK^RB%FHK{+S�MPS�O�DFEjW1y^S_EjS�R5Y8S~g @wA EjS_GFH]f1MPS�EjS_RFYQH�S �wY8S�RhgiK^RB%x� MPD<E �<t<t�E @ G-MY8D ; tFt<t E @ G<M_�:B)C1SZG<W1W1MPDFG<OQC OQC1D5H]S_R {+GFH?Y8D YPG<c<Sx�p�L�'H8WhS~O©YPMPG D<�JY8C1S H]S~O�DFRTgOQCTG<R1R1S�y ` YPC1S TMQHnY+D<R1SP{+GFH{R1D<Y+fhH]S~gxgif1SpY8D�Y8C1SLgiS�� S_O©YJKNR�YPC1SpWTM8S~G-EjW @ DFG-MQgTk GlYJGO�DFRTH]YPG-R5Y - H8D<f1MQO�S�giKdH]YPG-RhO�S�D<��s5��EjE'� M8DFE YPC1SpO�D<MPM8S~H]WXD<RTg1K^R2% G<R1DigiS�H]Y8MPK^W�(VJS�� S�MY8D G<W1WhS_RTgiK �:� � ; � D<M?G-RvDl|<S_M8|wKNSJ{ D<� Y8CTS�g1GlYQG�YQG-c<S_R:G<RTgrYPD G-W1WXS�RTg1K �:��� �x� DFM GyNKNH]Y8KNR2%�D-� Y8C1S H8WXS_O©YPMPG�D @ YPG<K^R1S~g ���H�S �iWXS_O©YPS_g }TY8C1S����?��H]K&%<RTG<y�C1S_K1%FCFY�KdH�ydG-M %<S_Ml{JK YPC C1K&%<C1S_M�|<DFy YQG�%<S~H�}iMPS_H8f1y^Y8KNR2%�KNRG H]C1K^� Y?D-�{YPC1S�C1KNH]Y8D %<MQG-E WXS_G-c�YPDZCTK1%FC1S�M?OQCTG<R1R1S�ydH_�LqTD<MLS�|FS�M A W1M8S~H8H8f1MPS�H]Y8S_W�} Y8C1SH8WhS~O©Y8MQG�YQG-cFS�R G-YLgiK � S�MPS�R5YL�K' o j�G-R1DigiS�|<DFy YQG�%<S~H {+S�MPS�HPO�G-yNS_g Y8D |5KdH8fTG-yNy A E�GlYQOQCY8CTS?D<R1S?GlY ; �-tFt zp��G<O�O�D<MQgiKNR2% YPD

C1KdHnYPDh%FMPG<E�� � ��� � � F � G � C1KNH]Y8D %<MQG-E F � E� G E��{JC1S_M8S�C1KdH]Y8Dh%FMPG<E F � G M8S_W1MPS_H8S�R5YPH�YPC1S�Rwf1E @ S�M�D-�)S�|<S_R5YPH?MPSJ%FKNH]Y8S_M8S~g:G-Y?Y8C1S � / Y8C C1KdH /Y8D %<MQG-E&OQCTG-RTR1S�y �(B D�GFO�O�D<f1R5Y{� DFM{Y8CTSpgiK �XS_M8S_RTO�SpK^RZK^RTK YPKNG<yhKND<R1KN�_G-Y8KND<R�G<RTg�W1MPS_HPH]fTM8SF}Y8CTS�HPO�G-yNKNR2%j�²G<O�Y8D<MQH� � F � G � D<M�Y8C1S�EjG-YPOQC1KNR2%�D<� H]KNE�f1ydGlYPS_g H8WhS~O©YPMPG�G-YpgiK �XS_M8S_RFYP%FGFHW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S~HJY8DxY8C1S�D<R1S�GlY ; tFt<tjE @ G-M {+S�MPS�fhH]S~g �pB)C1S A G-MPS(%<KN|<S_R K^R YPG @ y^Sj�i� ; G<RTg{+S�MPSpE�f1y YPK^WTy^KNS_g @wA Y8C1SLWTG<MPG<E�S�Y8S_MPH D @ YQG-KNR1S_g�� D<M+Y8CTS�S �iWhS_M8KNEjS�R5YPG<yXg1G-YPGT}iR1D<MPE�G-y1/KN��KNR2%�G<y^y g1G-YPG�Y8D ; t<tFt?E @ G<M+G<RTg ; �-tFt?z��i� %FG<K^R��²GFO©YPD<M+K^R G-M @ K YPMPG<M A f1R1K^YPH+KdH Y8C1S_R°���'4*b�K* # �+* * # �����RE ,5'©� * �42©� �.- 8 3p�B?N�40L*>'�(�O:C O=- ���Q�����"( * # �4% * # �����RE����4%:' ;¡� ,5'©� * �42©��C

Page 27: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ; .

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Channel

Example of Histogram Scaling at p = 600 mbar

1200 V, s=11250 V, s=1

1250 V, s=0.79

q(K1%Ff1MPS��1� ; t1� '��1G-EjW1yNSZD<���p�L� H]WXS_O�Y8MQG G-RTg Y8C1SrHPO�G<y^KNR2%vW1M8DiO�S_gif1MPS<� B)C1S |<S_M AH8CTG-MPWZWXS_G<cxG-MPD<fTRTgZOQChG-R1R1S_y ; tFt�KdH @ G<OQcQ%FM8DFf1RTg�RTD<KdH]SF�

�LGFH)W1M8S~H8H8f1MPS F E @ G-M G �; t<t t1� t /�<t<t t1� ; ��Ft<t t1���<�s5t<t t1� �-s�<t<t t1� sF��Ft<t t1���-�.-t<t t1� �-s/ t<t t1� .-�HFt<t t1� /</; t<t<t ;

B(G @ yNSv�1� ; �2eiO�G<y^KNR2%7�²GFO©Y8DFMPHxD @ YQG-KNR1S_g � M8DFE H8KNE�f1ydGlYPS_g H8WXS_O©YPMPG7� D<M�giK � S�MPS�R5Y %FGFHW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S~H F � G � ewS_SpYPS �wYJ� D<M)� fTM]YPC1S�M�S �iW1yNG<RTGlYPK^DFR��

Page 28: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� �� � ��� � � � ��� � � ����������� ;~/

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

rel.

gain

fact

or [a

rb. u

nits

]

GEM+anode voltage [V]

500 mbar600 mbar700 mbar800 mbar900 mbar

1000 mbar

q(K1%Ff1MPSL�1� ;F; ��VJS�ydGlYPK^|FSpH8K1%FRTG-y�%FG<K^R ; E � � W1MPDl|wKNg1S_g @wA YPC1SL�K' o7�iB)C1SLf1W1WXS�M)S�RhgD-��S~G<OQCrO�fTM8|FS?KNH �nfTH]Y�H8C1D<M8Y�D-��YPC1S�W1MPS_HPH8f1M8SJ/ g1S�WXS�RTgiS_R5Y @ M8S~G-cigiD[{JR�|<DFy YQG�%FS?D-��Y8C1S�K' o �XB)C1S�y^D[{+S_H]Y�D<RTS D<M�Y { D�g1G-YPGxWhDFK^R5YPH�D-�{S~G<OQC O�f1MP|<S�G-MPS y^S~H8H�M8S_y^KdG @ y^S�g1f1S?Y8DGjgiMPD<W K^R Y8CTS O�D<fTRFYPK^RB%�MQGlYPS<}1H8S�S?G-WTWhS_RTgiK � � � ; �

%<KN|<S_R @wA%FG<K^R � ;� �

B)C1S�S�MPM8DFM{D<RxY8C1KdH MPG-Y8C1S_M+O�M8fTg1S�W1MPDiO�S_g1f1M8SpKNH S_H]Y8KNE�GlYPS_g�YPD @ S�G<W1W1MPD �iK^E�GlYPS�y A ; t?>G-Rhg MPS�W1MPS_H8S�R5YQH�YPC1Sjf1RTO�S_M]YQG-KNR5Y A K^Rv|wKNH8fTG-yNy A EjG-YPOQC1KNR2%�GZHPO�G<y^S~grC1KdH]Y8Dh%FMPG<E.Y8D G-R0/D-YPC1S�M�D<R1SF�xB)C1S�MPS_H8f1y YQH?G-MPS�H]fTE�E�G<M8KN��S~g KNRvYPG @ y^S~H � � ; G-RTg ��� �1}(G<RTg:Y8C1S�O�D<MPM8SJ/H8WhDFRTgiKNR2%�O�f1MP|<S_H+G-MPSLH]C1D[{JRxK^R B%<fTM8S?�i� ;<; � ! D-Y8SpY8ChGlY)Y8C1SL|lG-yNf1S~H+G<yNH8D�O�D<R5YPG<K^RxY8C1SH8K1%FRTG-y�G<E�WTy^K� hO�G-Y8KND<R�gif1SLYPD�YPC1S?S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R1KdO�H_�

Page 29: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ��������� �� �f� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

� � �$� � � ��� ���

-���� � �?��©�?��������q1DFMjY8C1S giS~gifTO�Y8KND<R D-��Y8C1S�S �nS~O©YPK^yNS�Y8MQG<OQciH�� M8DFE Y8C1SrG<R1DigiSZY8KNE�SJ/ D<� / 8hK1%FCFY ` B #�q�kH8K1%FRTG-ydH)K YpKNHpO�MPfTO�KdG-y YPD�cwR1D[{ YPC1S S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R giMPK � Yp|<S�yNDiO�K^Y A KNR�Y8C1S,%5G<HJEjK �wY8f1MPS?fTH8S_g }{JC1KdOQC HnYPM8DFR2%<y A giS_WhS_RTg1H�DFR Y8C1S yNDiO�G<y S�yNS_O©YPM8KdO TS_yNg H]Y8MPS�R2%<Y8C�� B)C1S�MPS�� DFM8SF}wY8C1S hS�ydgKNR�Y8CTS�B(���+B)[8��giMPK � Y)MPSJ%<KND<R�E�fTH]Y @ SpcwR1D[{JRZG<H+G<O�O�f1MQGlY8S_y A G<H WXDFHPH]K @ yNS<�{ewKNRTO�SpY8C1SS�RhO�yNDFH8f1M8S @ S_C1KNRTg YPC1S+S�RTg�O�G<WTHE�fTH]Y @ S)S�yNS_O©YPM8KdO�G<y^y A %<MPD<f1RhgiS_gLYPDpWTM8Dl|wKdgiS H8C1KNS�ydgiK^RB%G�%5G-KNRTH]Y Y8C1SZD<fiYQH]KdgiS�S_Rw|5KNMPD<R1EjS�R5Y~} YPC1S hS�ydg {JK^yNy @ S giKNH]Y8DFM]YPS_g R1S~G-M�Y8C1SZS�RTg1H_}{G<HO�DFEjWTG-MPS_gZY8DjYPC1S KdgiS_G<y TS_yNg YPCTGlYf{ DFf1yNg @ S � DFf1RTg�KNR�Y8C1S KNR5Y8S_MPH8WTG<O�S @ S�Y { S_S�R�Y {+DO�DFRTO�S_R5Y8MPKNO�OQCTG-M %<S~grO A yNK^RTg1S�MQH ` KNgiS~G-y�S�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO�O�DFRTgifTO�Y8DFMPHQkJD<� KNR TR1K^Y8SjyNS�R2%<Y8C�� B)C1SydGlY]YPS�M�O_G-R @ S O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPS_g fTH8K^R2%��LG<fTH8H �iydG�{

���� �� ` �T� ; k{JC1S_M8S�� giS_R1D-YPS_H Y8CTS S_y^S~O©Y8MPKdO giKdH8W1yNGFO�S_E�S_R5Y TS_yNg�G-RTg � Y8C1S+S�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO+OQCTG<M %FS giS�RhH]K^Y A �'EI5fTG-Y8KND<R ` �1� ; k�KNH�KNRFYPSJ%FMPG-Y8S_grDl|<S�MpGZO�D<RTO�S�R5Y8MPKNO�O A y^KNRTgiMPKdO�G-y(|<DFy^fTE�S�D-�{YPC1S�y^S_R2%-YPC� G-Rhg�MPGFgiK^fhHl3${JK^Y8C � U�� 3 � � � } {JC1S�MPS�� U KdH)Y8C1S�MPGFgiK^fhHJD-��Y8CTS K^RTR1S�M�O A y^KNRTgiS_M_}G-Rhg�� � YPC1S�MQG<giKNfTH?D<�)Y8C1S�DFfiY8S_M�DFR1S<� u K YPC���giS�RTD-Y8KNR2%�YPC1SxS_y^S~O©Y8MPKdO�OQCTG-M %<SjyNK^R1SgiS_RTH]K^Y A S_RTO�yNDFH8S_g @wA YPC1S�KNRFYPSJ%FMPG-Y8KND<R�|FD<yNf1EjS�G-RTgjg ��G?H]fTM]�²GFO�S)|<S~O©Y8DFM�S�yNS�EjS�R5Y~}-Y8CTKNHA K^S_yNgTH�� ��� � � M �����g � ����� ���g � � �����~���w3�� �q1fTM]YPC1S�MPEjD<MPS<}iG<HPH]fTE�KNR2%�Y8C1SLE�GlYPS�MPKNG<y @ S�Y { S_S�RxY8C1SLY {+D�O A y^KNRTgiS_MPH Y8D @ S giKNS�yNS_O©YPM8KdO-}Y8CTS+S_y^S~O©YPM8KdO TS_yNg�}�{JC1KdOQC�WXD<KNRFYQH�K^R�Y8C1S)MQG<giKdG-ywgiKNM8S~O©YPK^DFR�}lKNH � DFf1RTg?YPD @ S)W1MPD<WXD<M8Y8KND<RTG<yY8Dt3 � U-�{B)CwfTH_}iY8C1S?S_y^S~O©YPM8KdO�WhD<Y8S�R5YPKNG<y KNH

� ` 3-k � - yNR 3 ` �T� �Fk

; H

Page 30: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� �<t

{JK^Y8CLY8CTS O�DFRTHnYQG-R5YPH - G-RTg @ S�KNR2%�giS�Y8S�MPEjK^RTS_g @wA YPC1S @ D<f1RTgTG-M A O�DFRTgiK^Y8KND<R � ` � U k �� U G-RTg � ` � � k � � � YPDjGFgiC1S_M8S�Y8D;- � y^R � �� U � ;

� � f � U; �;� U S �iW � � U

� � f � U��yNR � �� U �

B)C1SxOQChG-M %<Sjy^KNR1Sxg1S�RTH8K Y A KdH G-ydH]Drg1S�Y8S_M8EjKNR1S_g @wA Y8C1SZG @ Dl|<S�O�DFRTgiK^Y8KND<RTH @ fiY�D<�)RTDKNRFYPS�MPS_H]YJK^R Y8CTKNH�O�D<R5Y8S �wY_�

-��� � ��,����Z�_�� ���� � ���S� � � � ���-��,K �Qi�'^� � � � "$#�%�� %<;�8���� 7 �/��� � ,!%[\RjD<MQgiS�M(YPD O�G-ydO�fTyNG-Y8S+Y8C1SJS_y^S~O©YPM8KdO)WhD<Y8S_RFYPKNG<yTgiKdHnYPM8K @ fiYPK^DFR�KNR�Y8C1S�W1M8DFWhD5H]S~g�B(���+B)[8�O�DFR B%Ff1MPG-Y8KND<R�}TK Y�KdH�RTS_O�S~H8HPG-M A YPD�YPG<c<S?KNRFYPDxG<O_O�DFf1R5YJY8C1S�GFO©YPfTG-y %FS�DFE�S�Y8M A KNR EjD<MPSgiS�YPG-KNy ���pf1SjY8D K YQH?O�DFE�WTy^S �wK^Y A }�G<RvG<RTG-y A Y8KdO�G<W1W1MPDFGFOQCrKNH�R1D<YL� S_G<H8K @ y^SF��[\RTH]Y8S~G<g } GRwf1EjS�MPKNO_G-y EjS�YPC1Dig }iYPC1S q(K^R1K^Y8S(' y^S_EjS�R5Y�o S�YPC1Dig ` q*' o k�}1KdH)S�EjW1yND A S_g��`cb2d e g�i U F �-�i}i�ls G KdH G q*' o�H]D<� Y {+G<M8SJWTGFOQclG�%<S)YPCTGlY)G-yNy^D[{�H�� D<M{YPC1SpH8WXS_O�K� hO_GlY8KND<R�D<�G(%FS�DFE�S�Y8M A KNR�f1WxY8D?YPC1M8S_SpH8WTG<O�S�giKNEjS�RTH8K^DFRTH_}5GFHE{+S�yNyhGFH K^YPH W1MPD<WXS�M8Y8KNS_H_}h{JC1KdOQCW{JKNy^ygiS_WhS_RTg�D<R�YPC1S W1C A H]KdO�H�E�DigiS�fTH]S~g �+[\R�Y8C1KdH�KNRTH]YPG-RhO�S<}�`cb2d e g�i KdH�fhH]S~gZKNR�Y8CTS��<�S�yNS_O�Y8MPDFH]YPG-Y8KdO�HpE�DigiSF��B)C1Sj|<DFy YQG�%FS_H�G<W1W1yNK^S~g YPD�H8f1M8�²G<O�S_H�O�G-R @ SjH8WhS~O�K� TS_g } G<HP{ S_y^yG<H�Y8CTS�giKNS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO�WhS_M8EjK^Y]YPK^|wK^Y A D<� H8f @ |<D<yNf1EjS_H_�P#pfiYPW1fiYLD-�{YPC1S�MPS_H8f1y^YPHpKNHpW1MPDl|wKNgiS~gKNR�Y8CTSp� DFM8E&D<�|lG-MPK^DFfTH WTy^D<Y+DFWiY8KND<RTH_}wK^RhO�yNfTgiKNR2%�YPC1SLWhD<Y8S_RFYPKNG<y giKNH]Y8MPK @ fiY8KND<R G-RTg�Y8C1SS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO TS_yNg�y^KNR1S~H�����g1g1K YPK^DFRTG-yNy A }h`cb2d e g�ijG-yNyND[{�H�� DFM(S �wY8S�MPRTG<ywG<RTG-y A H]KdH D-�1YPC1SJg1GlYQG@wA W1MPK^R5YPK^R2%jYPC1SLM8S~H]fTy YPK^R2%j|lG-yNf1S~H)Y8D TyNS<�'^� � � � ��% ; 8 ���� / ,�% 8J=[\R G-R S�� D<M8Y�Y8D7O�DFR5YPG-KNR#Y8C1SrO_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPK^DFR2YPK^EjSrG-Rhg#EjS_E�DFM A O�D<RhH]f1EjWiYPK^DFR2YPD @ SE�G-RTGh%<S~G @ yNS @wA G�H]YPG-Rhg1G-MQg giS~H]c5YPD<W a �+�-} YPC1SW`cb2d e g�i EjDigiS�ydHLD-� Y8C1S�B(���+B)[8�giMPK � Y�MPSJ%FK^DFRZ{+S�MPS?giS_H8K1%FR1S_gxY8D�� S~GlY8fTM8SLD<RTy A YPC1S G-EjDFf1R5Y)D<�(O�D<EjW1yNS �iK Y A R1S�S~giS_gZ� D<MY8CTS�WTf1M8WXDFH8S�D<�(O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPK^R2%�Y8C1S?HPG-Kdg�� MPK^RB%<S�S�� S_O©YQH+D<R�YPC1SLS�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO� TS�ydg ��B)C1S?O�G-Y8C0/DigiS4{JK^MPS_HS{+S�MPSxMPS�W1ydG<O�S_g @wA GvH]KNEjW1y^S�O A yNK^RhgiS�Mt{JK^Y8C MPGFgiK^fhH � U � ; t EjE�} G<RTgY8CTSL�K' o {+GFH DFEjK Y8Y8S_g��{B)C1S�MQG<giKNfTH D-��YPC1S�D<fiYPS�M)O A y^KNRTgiS_M MPS�WTM8S~H]S_RFYPK^RB%?Y8C1SLG-RTDwg1SH8f1M]�²GFO�SS{+GFH?OQC1DFH8S�R Y8D @ S � � � �-tZEjE ���&|FD<y^YPG�%FS�D<�V/n�-tFt�z KdH?G-W1W1yNKNS_g Y8D Y8C1SO�G-Y8C1DigiSF}+G<RTg %<MPD<f1RTg Y8DvY8CTSrG-R1DigiSF��B)CTSZYPf @ S<}c{JC1KdOQC#S �5YPS�RTgTHjY8D7Gvy^S_R2%-YPC#D<��-t�O�E }(KdH?S�RTO�y^D5H]S~g:G-Y?Y8C1SjYPD<W7G-Rhg @ D-Y8Y8DFE @wA � EjE Y8C1KdOQc S_RTg O�G-WhH?O�D<RhH]KdHnYPK^RB%D-� GZgiKNS�yNS_O©YPM8KdO `� � � ; t5k©��B)C1S�S�RhO�yNDFH8f1M8SF}B{JC1KdOQCrCTGFH %FM8DFf1RTg�WXD-YPS�R5Y8KdG-y } KNHpW1ydG<O�S~g; t�EjE @ S_C1KNRTg YPC1S�E���B)C1KNR�MPK^R2%�HnYPM8fhO©Y8fTM8S~H(O_G-MPM A KNR2%�WXD-YPS�R5Y8KdG-ydH � � }¡YPCTGlY�� DFy^yND[{ Y8C1SyNDh%FG<M8K^Y8CTE�KdO)W1MPDh%FM8S~H8H8K^DFR ` �1���<k©}wG-MPS�G<gTgiS_gjDFR�YPC1S�KNRTH8KNg1SJ�²G<O�S�D-� Y8CTS�O�G<WTH��{� D<R B%<f0/MQGlY8KND<RhH*{JK YPC�YPC1MPS�S<}5H]K � }FG<RTg�R1K^RTSJM8KNR2%LWTG<gTH�CTG¡|<S @ S�S�R�KNRw|<S~HnYPK1%5GlY8S~g�G<RTgjO�DFE�WhG-MPS_gY8D�DFR1St{JK YPC1D<fiY G<R A WTG<g1H_�jB)C1SjS �1G<O�Y?H8WXS_O�K� hO_GlY8KND<RhH?G-MPS$%FK^|FS�R KNR G-W1WXS�RTg1K � �p� ; �! D<Y8S?YPCTGlY~}TYQG-cwKNR2%�G<gi|lG<RFYQG�%FS�D<��Y8C1S�H A EjE�S�Y8M A }TY8C1S�O�G-ydO�fTyNG-Y8KND<RTH)� DFMJY8CTS�H]K �Q/+G<RTg� FX�"(>-b�.'�% O:C.A°+!$# � ���40 # �.%¡�K6�- �"; * # (/'�6�2 # '�6:*���'�- *$'4?�* # � � '�(�� &�(b�1-b�"% *b�";��.%�* # �.-( ��&@'�(/*�(>6:%�-��5�.% 6:<L�4%�;?^�8�+*/6�(b�1-���A�C O �����$- �.%:2©��� &�(/' 0n�"->-/'�( �4%�;�D:A1M9E�� '4?�� � E C��X���"%5*)3�'4?�- ��� &J�J�n��'�(/37H O���� P����4-�Q���.' 08�+*b�"; */'J�40"01'©��' ;l�+*b�������! #"%$ C

Page 31: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� � ;

R1KNR1S�/ MPK^R2%FS_gjEjDigiS�ydH+G-MPS @ G<H8S_g�D<R�DFR1S�CTG<y ��D<� Y8C1S�O A yNK^RTg1S�M+D<R1y A ��q1MPD<E Y8CTSp|FD<y^YPG�%FSgiKdHnYPM8K @ fiYPK^DFRTH�D @ YPG<K^RTS_g ` H8S�S %<f1MPS��1� ; k+DFR1S�O_G-R�K^EjEjS_g1KNG-Y8S�y A TRTg�YPCTGlYpG<W1W1MPD<W1MPK1/GlYPS�y A�@ KNGFH]S~grS_RTgrO�G<W MPK^RB%FH�H8f1W1WXD<M8Y�Y8C1S�S�yNS_O�Y8MPKNO TS�ydg G-YpYPC1S�S~g0%<S~H�}XYPC5fhH�C1S_y^WTK^R2%Y8DjKNEjW1M8Dl|FS�Y8C1S TS_yNg f1RTK � DFM8EjK^Y A �'^� � � ' " (A�/���^*J.�, � 8:,!/-(+*|24#5;[\R D<MQgiS�M�YPD�� f1M]YPC1S�M GFH8H8S_HPHLG-RTg I5fTG<RFYPK � A Y8C1S�fTR1K � DFM8EjK^Y A D-�+Y8CTS�S�yNS_O©YPM8KdO TS�ydgvD @ /YPG<K^RTS_g }<Y8C1SJgiMPK � Y�YPK^EjSJD<�XS_y^S~O©Y8MPD<RhH�{JCTS�R�Y8MQG¡|<S_y^yNK^RB%�� MPD<E YPC1SJO�G-Y8C1DigiS)YPDpYPC1S�G-RTDwg1S{)G<HLO�G<yNO�f1yNG-Y8S~g }�G<HP{+S�yNy{G<HpY8C1SjE�G �iKNE�f1E%g1S�|wKNG-Y8KND<R�� � D<� TS_yNg:y^KNR1S~H�� M8DFE Y8C1S_K^MH]YPG-M8Y8KNR2%jC1S_K1%FCFY~�`cb2d e g�i W1MPDl|wKNg1S_H Y8C1S � ? } � B }1G-RTg ��� O�DFEjWhDFR1S�R5YPH+D<��Y8C1SLMPS_H8f1y^Y8KNR2%�S_y^S~O©YPM8KdO� hS�ydgGlYjS�I5f1KdgiKdHnYQG-R5Yt%<MPKNg7WXD<KNR5YPH_} G-yND<RB%:{JK YPC2YPC1S�O�G-M8Y8S~H]KdG-R#O�DwD<MQgiKNRTGlYPS_H D<��Y8CTS_H8S^%FM8KdgWXD<KNRFYQH��{B)CTS � G �iKNH)WXD<KNR5YPHJG<y^DFR2%�Y8C1S?MPD-YQGlY8KND<RhG-y H A EjEjS�YPM A G �iKNHc{JK^Y8C Y8CTSLY { DjS�RhgO�G<WTHjW1ydG<O�S_g GlY � � tvE G<RTg � � t _ �:E � [\R#Y8CTKNH�KNRTH]YPG<RTO�SF} DFR1y A Y8C1Srg1G-YPGvKNRY8CTS 6 � t�W1yNG<R1S,{+S�MPS�fhH]S~g }iYPG<cwK^R2%�GFgi|lG-R5YPGh%<S�D-�(Y8C1S?MPD-YQGlYPK^DFRTG-y�H A E�EjS�Y8M A D-�(Y8C1SW1MPD @ yNS�E���B)C1SJ� DFy^yND[{JK^RB%?y^DwD<W�G<y1%FD<MPK YPC1E|{)G<H�KNEjW1y^S_EjS�R5Y8S~g�K^RZ� j j ` H8S�S�G<W1WXS�RTgiK ���� �Fk Y8D�Y8MQG<OQcjY8CTS� hS�ydgxyNK^RTS_HJG-Rhg�YPD�O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPSpYPC1S�KNM)E�G �iK^E�f1E giS_|wKNG-Y8KND<R�� � � MPD<EY8CTS�KNMpH]YPG-M8Y8KNR2%jWXD<KNRFY ` 5 � � �� � � U } 6 � � �� � tT} � � � � k�}hG<H { S_y^y(G<H)YPC1S S�yNS_O�Y8MPD<R giMPK � YY8KNEjS G-yND<R2%�YPC1S TS�ydg y^KNR1S_H_�; � � ?jG-RTg � � YQG-cFSpYPC1S?|lG-yNf1S_Hc%FK^|FS�RZ� D<M)YPC1S O�yNDFH8S_H]Yl%<MPKNgZWhDFK^R5YQ�-��1��B)C1S${JKdgwYPC G 57D<� GZH]Y8S_W:KNR 5 g1K^MPS_O�Y8KND<R KdHLc<S_WiY?GlYLY8C1S�O�D<RTH]YPG<RFY 57giKdHnYQG-RTO�S@ S�Y { S_S�R4%<MPKNgZWhDFK^R5YQH�}TG<RTg G � � `���� E � ? k G 5�

�T��B)C1S�giMPK � Y YPK^EjS�KdH?KNRTO�MPS_GFH]S~g @5A - G 5 � jOG � � E�� `�� ��� k�}�{JCTS�MPS� giS�R1D<Y8S~HLY8C1SgiM8K^� Y�|<S_y^DiO�K Y A D<�(G<R S_y^S~O©YPM8DFR G<W1W1MPD �wKNE�GlYPS_g�� MPD<E S �iWhS_M8KNEjS�R5YPG<y�g1GlYQG F �F� G Y8D� `$� k � t _ H�E H � U�E¡z E � U ` H]S_S� %<f1MPS?�1� �Fk©�

sh� 5rG-RTg � G-MPSLK^RTO�M8S~G<H8S_g @5A G 5 G-RTg G � }iM8S~H]WXS_O�Y8KN|<S�y A ��1��VJS�EjS�E @ S_M�� � � � � � � � �f ��� K^�1K^Y KdHydG-M %<S_M Y8CTG<R�G-R A � � W1M8S_|wK^DFfTH]y A D @ YQG-KNR1S_g ��T����D�YPD ; �

B)C1KdH�yND5DFW {JKNyNy @ S S �iS_O�f1Y8S_gU{JC1KNyNS � U � 5 � � � G-RTg�t � � � yNS�R2%<Y8C�D-��Y8C1SOQCTG<E @ S�M~�'^� � ��� -D% =$�S8|24=VJS�� S�MLY8D� B%Ff1MPS_HL�1� s G<RTgv�1����� DFM�WTy^D<YPHLD-� Y8C1SjMPS_H8f1y^YPH_��B)C1S A H8C1D[{ Y8ChGlY_}K^R D<MQgiS_MY8DxM8S~gifTO�SLYPC1S?� MPK^RB%<S S �XS~O©YpO_G-fTH8S_g @wA YPC1S�S_RTg O�G<WTHJD-�(Y8CTS�B(���+B)[8� giMPK^� YpMPSJ%<KND<R}K^Y KNH?giS~H]KNMQG @ yNS�Y8D�K^RhHnYQG-yNy{G-R1Rwf1ydG-M O�D<RTgifhO©Y8KNR2%�MPK^R2%�WTGFg1HLD<R:Y8CTS�S�RTgvO�G<WTH��j[ �+Y8C1S|<DFy YQG�%FS_H�G<W1W1yNK^S~g7YPDrY8CTS�E 1Y�Y8CTSZyNDh%5G-MPK YPC1EjKNOxW1M8D %<MPS_HPH]KND<R D<��Y8C1S WXD-Y8S_R5Y8KdG-y }�Y8C1SKNR 8Tf1S_RTO�S�D-�DFR1y A Y8C1MPS�S�WTG<gTH KdH)H]f#��O�K^S_R5Y YPD�O�D<RTH8KNg1S�MQG @ y A KNEjW1MPDl|<S�YPC1SLf1R1K^� D<MPEjK Y AD-�hY8C1S)S_y^S~O©Y8MPKdO TS_yNg�}lY8CwfTH�KNRTO�MPS_GFH]KNR2%�Y8C1SJH8S�RTH8K YPK^|FS+g1S�Y8S~O©YPK^DFR�G<M8S~G1��pg1giK^Y8KND<RTG<yiWTG<g1HCTG¡|FS�H8y^K&%<C5YPS�MJS�� S_O�YPH_�³� * # �4-�%�'4*8-�n�"%N;¡�n�n�J�1; %¡�"0]�"-/- �4(/3�*>' &:(>' ,_�.;¡�&?J'�( �.%5* �"( & '©� �+*b�.'�% C��_�.%�0n�&* # �B% 6¡�B8<�"($'4? 2�(b�.;

&@'©�.% */-$08�4%�8-� �.%:01(b�]�4- �";�,_�.(/*/6l�Q��� 3��4(>8~� *>( �4( ��� 3 � * # �.- * �4- �708�4%�8-�����"? * *>' �����! #"%$ C

Page 32: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� �F�

` GFk ` @ k

` O_k ` gTk

q(K1%Ff1MPS��T� ; �(B)C1S�MPS_H8f1y YPK^RB%�|FD<y^YPG�%FSpgiKdH]Y8MPK @ f1Y8KND<RZ{JK^Y8C ` G5k R1D�MPKNR2%FH_} ` @ k+��MPKNR2%FH_} ` O_k�jMPK^R2%5H�}1G<RTg ` gTklHjMPKNR2%FH+YPDjH8f1W1WXD<M8YJY8CTS?S�yNS_O©YPM8KdO TS_yNg�GlYJYPC1S?S�Rhg O_G-WTH_� ILS A f1R1K^YPHG-MPSL|<DFy YQH��

Page 33: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� �<�

xδzδ

x

z

E

q(K1%Ff1MPS �1���i� B)C1S TS_yNg�y^KNR1S Y8MQG<OQcwKNR2%�G-y&%<DFM8K^Y8CTE �(B)C1S g1D-YPH�H8C1D[{JR�G<M8S�YPC1S<%<MPKNg?WXD<KNR5YPH{JC1S_M8S �� |lG-yNf1S_HJG<M8SLG¡|lG-KNyNG @ y^S ` G-MPM8D[{�HQk©��G 5rG-RTg G � giS_R1D-YPSLY8C1S,{JKdgwY8C�D<�(GjHnYPS�W�KNR5rG-Rhg � g1K^MPS_O�Y8KND<R�}iMPS_H8WhS~O©YPK^|FS�y A ��B)C1S?H]DFy^Kdg y^KNR1SLKNRTgiKdO�GlYPS_H)YPC1S TS_yNg yNK^R1SL� DFf1RTg �

q(K1%Ff1MPS��1� �1� �pM8K^� Y�|<S_y^DiO�K Y A � `$� k D-�)S � K^R7G<R ��M kF�l# � %FG<H E�K �wY8f1MPS<}YPG<c<S�Rv� MPD<EF �<�w}� B%<fTM8S��F� G �(B)C1S�G @ H8��KdHPH8GKI5fTG-R5YPK Y A KNH � E � KNR�cwzKk-O�EZklG-Y8E�}FG<RTg�Y8CTS�D<MQgiKNRTGlYPSJKNH� `�� k(K^R�O�EZk ��H_��B)C1S ; t?> �l# � O�f1MP|<S K^R�Y8CTS MQG-R2%FS � � �-t<t�zKk-O�E GlY�GlYPEjDFH8W1C1S�MPKdOW1MPS_HPH]fTM8S�KNH�G-W1W1MPD �iK^E�G-Y8S�y A � `�� k�� t _ H�E.H ��UUE¡z E ��U �

Page 34: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� �-s

` GFk

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2

delta

_z [m

]

z_start [m]

�����

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2

delta

_z [m

]

z_start [m]����

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2

delta

_z [m

]

z_start [m]

����

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2de

lta_z

[m]

z_start [m]

�� ������������ ���������! #"%$& ' !�� �)(* +"%,� �-�.0/213-5476��)8 8' �.��:9;4<��-= >,?��� ��@9A,B"5�?,? '.��#CD-= '.�,"%,E1:FHG�I�JHGK '.L,����NMPO�QKR�SUTV 2- �8'9W"�9X"34<��. � ,? '-=.Y-=4�1:FHG�I�JHGXZ; �,?� � " � .�-[�� �.��\9)] ��^�� ��� �.��\9)] �����_ �� �.��\9)]�"=. `����;a �� �.���9�,?-N9?��C�CD-=�?,�,?���E�8�� � ,?�� � 6��)8 "5,;,?���E�. b� "=C�9

� " �

0

2e-06

4e-06

6e-06

8e-06

1e-05

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2

drift

time

[s]

z_start [m]

��^��

0

2e-06

4e-06

6e-06

8e-06

1e-05

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2

drift

time

[s]

z_start [m]����

0

2e-06

4e-06

6e-06

8e-06

1e-05

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2

drift

time

[s]

z_start [m]

����

0

2e-06

4e-06

6e-06

8e-06

1e-05

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2

drift

time

[s]

z_start [m]

�� ��������3���dc&�e����� �� �4H,!,? ' e�3-=4Kf=gh '.i,����jM�O�QKR�SUTk e- �)8+9l"�9�"b4<��. � ,? '-=.m-54�,?������ �����,n1 FHG�I?JHG Z; �,?� � " � .�-E�� �.��\9)] �<^�� �W�� '.���9] ���:�o_ �? '.��\9)]\"5. b����oa �? '.���9o,?-�9?��C�CD-=�?,,?���E�)8'� � ,��? � 6��)8 "%,;,����E�). [� "=C�9

Page 35: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������� ��� ��A� � � � ��� ��� � � ��� � � � ��� � �O � ��� � ��� ��� �F�

V�GFgiKNfTH a D-YPS�R5Y8KdG-y@ S_G-E Y8f @ S H1���<�F�?EjE /\�<t�zO�Gh%<SK{JKNM8S~H @ S_G<E Y8f @ S�j t1� ��EjE /\�<t�zO�G-Y8C1DigiS,{JKNMPS_H O�G�%FSf{JKNMPS_H5j ��EjE t�zG-RTDwg1S �<�1� �<�5�?EjE �-t<t�z

B(G @ y^S �T� ; � a G<MPG<EjS�Y8S_MPH � D<M)YPC1S��-� sSg�� �"! b2e$# hS�ydg O_G-ydO�f1ydGlYPK^DFR��-���- � ����*+�,���� ��,{���l��_��������� ���� �������������������� � �� !��"#�$ %��&'�(�)�*�� %�)&+�%�,�(�-� � �����-�� /.�&/0��1���-�%"#��23�4�265�47�# �� � �8 ���9������� %��:;�%"#�-��<,��&+�� %���=����:>�'?@� � ? 8 ��9�"����*��9��A.B<C���D���C�E�������F�����C.B<G���H0I�#�KJL�%"#�- %�F<C.K�%�,�(�=M��'?�NJ��F�F�=��")���� %� � �E�%�,:>�-.B�A�O�%"#�F�� ��*�%.� *�E ��(���D�%�,�(� � 26"#�C�E&F.�<,��M# /.K�������PJ6.��� ��F � �� %:Q����)���,�)9�RTS3UWV�XZY)[(\ d F �B] G ��.��� A��&'�C.B<��,^����-�# �� � �6&/"A.B:�M��F ��*��:��)<�.B����������� � �NJ6.B %�_ ).(&/0`.�9�� �5@�a�)������bcSWd3egfh[FiWj F ��k G ���H&�.B<C&'�#<C.K�%�T�%"#�l %�F<��FmK.B���E�F<���&'�� %���P�� /.B�)�� ��� ��$ # %�� ��F ��������� � 9(.(��:Q�,nI���# %�����I�%.�0I�,�#9>�������-.�&�&'�(�#������<,��&+�� %�C&E.B�)�o:l.B9��)�'���C& �F<C�#�8 ) ����*���(� �26"#�>9�����:>�'�% �pq�)����� � �� $��")���E&�.B<C&'�#<C.K�%�,�(�r���E. �Bs ��<,�C&'�T��") ��(�#9�"O��"#�l&'������ %�T� � ��"#�2t�4�265�4u&'pI<��,�)�#�F 6v 5-f 6 )<�.��#��wh�,�A&'<��)�����#9yx � ).��, /�h� � &F.�9���.B�)�a&�.K�%"#�����!J8�� %���3J8�D�%".>���C.B:>�'�%�F _� � �(z � :��.(&/" � 26"#�E9(.(�6:>�DnI���) ����C�_{�|I}I~�|Q�_�K}�48�$��.K�G�o� ��z |�:TM).B .B�A� @ � � {�x>� � 26"#�E����"#�� 8 ).B /.B:>�'�%�F /�6.B %�����#:>:l.B %�,^����o�,���/.BM#<��ax � ~$.��)�o��"#�E %�'?���#<D�%�,�)9l�F<���&+�% ��C&$�)��<��q�C�_��"#�KJ8�o���q�)9(�# ��Ex � ] � �y�)&'���%"#�E�)��<����C�_0I�#�KJ8���gRQShUWVIXZY#[(\���(�%�F9( %.B�����3�%"#�6����:>�6.��T��<,��&+�% ��(�T�#�����#�t�%�$�� /.`m��F< � %��:�.��IpE A�(�,�������$�%"#�_.B�#����� � 26"#��%&' %�, ��8��:Q )<,�Kp(���l�C�69���m���������.� # A�����,no� � xQ.B�)����")�$ %�����#<,�%�6.B %���*"#�KJ8�o�,�o�)9(�# ���x � k ���8.������C&'�� ).K�%��� � ��(:���"#���6Y#�y[�S3e� ����*�#<,�%�Ev��*��&+�%�,�(��x � � � � w+����"#�E�� %� � �8����:Q�E�C�6� � ��"#��� /���� 1� � � � � �yMImI�,�(�)�*<�p��(��")�y��v��*w! %�F<C.K�%�,�(�-����<��,�)��.B ��Km��� !.�J8�����$ /.B�#9(� � .B � %��:���"#�&F.B��"#������J8�� ���� � 26")���)�F<C�q�����*���( *�%�,�(��&�.B�)�����oMIpl��")�EJ8�, %���8.B����&+�%�8��"#�a�� %� � �_���#<�p-�����")�F�� $ ) ��`n���:Q�,�Np��W&�.B�)���,�)9����#�FmI�,�%.BM)<,�Q�#�)&F�F ��%.B�����������y� � �%"#�Q�� /���F $� � | � ~T:>:;�,�O��"#� /.����C.B<g ��(���D�%�,�(�� %������<����%�,�(� �

� F��"(>-��.'�%�� C.A1V

Page 36: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������� �A� ������������ ����� �������� ��������O����������������� ��]

� �,9(�# %�$x � ] � 26")�$��<,��&+�%��&y�)��<��o�,���%"#�E23�4�265�4 �� �� � �8 ���9�������.B�)�o�D�/�8���C�N�%�� ����������)��.B ��")�-&F.K�%"#�����>J8�, %��� � 23�� 9 � �#<�<GmI�,��JE�hM��B�*�%��: 9 :l.B9��)�D�)���=����&'������� �"! �B���>�%").K���")���)�F<C��MA��&'��:>���6�#�#� � �� %: ����<����%����"A.B�P~a&': � %��: ��"#�a&�.B9���.B�A��&�.K�%"#������J8�, %��� �

Page 37: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������� �A� ������������ ����� �������� ��������O����������������� ��k

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

drift

time

[1e-

6 s]

r_start [cm]

� �,9(�# %�-x � k � _ % %�,mK.B<G����:Q��� � �F<���&+�% ��(�)�lv���� � �/wE.K�E�%"#��.B�)�I�#�-���F ��F�)�#�,�#9H�(�P��"#���, �*�%.B ��q %.(���,�A� � 26"#� �� # %��.�� � � mK.�<,�#���������#���H�#�#�O�%� �N�/.K���C�*���C&F��M#���q��� ��")�=�A�F<C����C�N�%�� ��������-���-�%"#�$ # ��`n���:>�D�Np>� � �%"#��J8�, %���!J8"#���-9��(�,�#9���"# %���)9�"����,�g�F %�F���6.�^F��:����%").B<�*�%.B ��8 A���*�,�������A� �

Page 38: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ��������� �

��������� ����� � ����� �"!#�

$&%(' ) *,+�-/.1032 � +546-7$98� �( G�%"#�y���,:T�#<C.K��������� � ��"#��2t�4�265�4 &/"A.B:�M��F ��I.>RQY�S;:�i=<?> �A@CB � /.B:>��J!�( �0T���1MA���,�#9�)�����ED � 26")�Q )�# � ��(�����E.��)�O&�.B ).�M#��<,�,��������� � ��")�oR>Y�S;:WiF<= ).�&/0K.B9(�T.� ��Q�����%<,���#���=MIp�,�%�_����m���<,�( A�� %�6.�� � �(<,<��KJ_��> � { B �

RQY�S;:WiF<o���8.T�%���(<,0I�,� � �� _���,:T�#<C.K�����#9Q��")�E ).��%��.�9��y� � ).B ����C&'<������%"# ��(�#9�":>.B�*�%�F � 5@�3���)&F<,�)�#���t.�&'�(:> #<,�F���! %.��#9���� �i� �#�)&+�%�,�(�).B<��,�Np$���)&F<,�)�#�,�#9��� /.�&/0�?�,�#9A��9(�F�(:Q�F�� %p��� #"IpI���C&F�W:>�����F<C��.��)��"#�,�%� � 26"#�� #"Ip�����&��W # %�I&F���%�*���g�B�g�F %���&'�Km��� l. &'��:> # %�F")�F�)���,m(�q %.��#9��(�!���)&'<��)�����#9 ��<,��&+�� %��:l.�9��#�F���C&B��").��� %���)��&.B�)�u�( ����C&F.�<! # %��&'�����������t.O<�.� �9(�-�*�F�T� � <,�(�#9B?@<,��m����u ).B ����C&'<������ :l.K���� ��C.B<C�.B�)�Q�F<��F:>���(�/�F�(�Km��� .�J8�C���8���#�F %9�pT %.��#9��8�*�%.B ������#9A�B�,�l����:>�_&F.(�*���F� � ��(:��z |>�(G .��)�H�'nI�%�F�)�����#9o�,�r����"#�� %�_���l�%"#�>2h�(G� /.B�#9(� �?�N�^� > 26"#�����I��<�0I�D� B").��tM��F�F�>&' %��.B�����a�'n� #<����,�����#9��*� � �NJ�.� ��!�F�#9(�,�)�F�F %���#9$.��)�a�(MIHN��&'�*?@�� %�,�������������&/")�#��<���9(p�.B�)�Q��:> #<,��:>�F�������l�,�>�%"#�$4KJ�J # %��9� /.B:>:>���#9�<�.��#9��).�9�� � 5@�").��TMA���F� �)�����c��� .� # #<���&�.K�%�,�(�)�Q�,� ).B ����C&'<��o )"�p�����&��F���I�)&F<,��.B Q #"Ip��*�C&F���.�&F&F�F<��F /.K�%�� 6�������,9(���#�� ).�&F�$���#9����#���F %�,�#9>.B�A�o:>������&�.B<W #"Ip�����&�� �

�_�KJ��Fm(�F ��B�%"#�y�( ���9����)�1� � R>Y�S;:WiF<-.� ��_���-�%"#�y�)�F<C�l� � "#�,9("-�F�)�F %9�pQ #"IpI���C&F����&�.B�)���,�)9��")�a�*�# ) A�( *� � �� 8<��KJ ���#�F %9�p����A&'<���.B 6 # %��&'���������!���lM��E<����%�8&'��:> # %�F")�F�)���,m(� �

$&%ML �ON"P 2 � +546-7$Q) NSRUT 0RQY�SV:WiF< # %�Km��C�����l��")�=�������F � .�&F��� � �� o��"# %�F�P&'<C.��%�*���l�%� M��=��:> #<��F:>�F������� MIp ��"#��)���F ��t�� ���&'� � pI�,�)9r��")�o���F����&'���( a9�����:>�'�% �p vXWZY\[A]_^A`ba\cI`bde`gfhdIibaIjIiAkE^hdZablFfCdFmCiAk)w+�A��"#� #"Ip��*�C&F�1 # %�I&F���%�*���t���TMA������:��#<C.K�%���HvXWZY\[b]_^n`ba\oZpIqE^ImZf\^nrEmZ^hd�w+�`.B�)�Q�%"#�_M��F").`mI�����# G� ���")�� ) ���:l.B %pP A.B ����C&'<��������# /&'�PvXWZY\[b]F^A`ba\o\a=m1sFtba\qZoetAa\dEmZfbuA`ZW\`Ake`Aaetndeiba�w � RQY�SV:WiF<�F:> #<��Kp��wvH��������4�.� �<��T:>�F��"#���#�6�%�Q�� /.�&/0l ).� *�%��&F<,������"# %���#9("�9(�,m(�F��9��F�(:>�'�� %����� � �<,< #"Ip��*�C&F�� # %�I&F���%�*���_.��%���I&F��.B�����oJ8�,��"=.l ).B ����C&'<���&F<�.(���y�*�#9(9����N��.��r�,���%�F /.�&+�%�,�(�q<,���#9B�%"�� T����&�.`pO�%�,:>� � 26")�- # %�I&F���%�aJ8�,��"u�%"#�o��:l.B<�<,���N�T�*���� <,���#9B�%"c�C�����F<���&+�%��� .��)�P��"#�.�&'�������)�T���'�A�#���P�%"#�F %�F���c.B %��&F.� � %�����P����� � 26"# ��������,���� ��������NpI A���a� � .(&+�%�,�(�)�E�'n��C�N�> � { B �xzy �|{~}����M����� ���E�����������U��}3���C�|���C�����y�������`���(�\�V�&����}���{ ���C�������M�����E����{������M�M���C����N�7�1 M �¡g¢¤£M£�¥1¦M§�¨1 M©eªX«�¬�§®­ZªX«¯ 1§�¨1°®±�²M³eª´¦1³�µ(£�¥M©(­¯³(£¯¶®¦®¬1­�±z·h¦Iª¸�( �·h¬

�A@

Page 39: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

���������������� R� ����� < � ��������������� � {

��������� �!� � J8").K���%.�0����! )<�.(&'����m������ � ��")�$ A.B ����C&'<��y�C���#�B�6:>�Km����#9qv�� � 9 � %.(���,��.�&'?����m��E����&�.`p#w����"$#&%(')�*�+�+, � J8").B�8").B # ��F�A�_&'�(�(�%�,�I�#�(�)��<,prv � � 9 � �F�#�� �9(pl<,�����6J8"#��<��E:Q�KmI���#9�w�-,#��*�.�!�/�+, � J8").K���C� �����#�8. � ���F �%"#�8�N�%�F qv�� � 9 � �*��&'���A�#.B %p� ).B ����C&'<��! ) ������)&'�������Aw

0 ���F �? ���'�)�)���- ) ���&'�����# %���6&F.��oM��E.��#�#�������Q��"#�E���,�g�F %�F���8<�.`p(�F /�1�213�Fm(�F���_.B�)���� /.�&/0 # %��&'���%���,�#9Q ��F �1��� %:Q��� �

��34�+�/,5,768%(' � ��� # ����*�����%���Fm(�F %p-�*���#9�<��'? �*���F o�%.�0�����:9;���5<>=&68%(' � %�F # %�����F���/����"#�T�,�;1��( �:l.B�������?1� ��(: .l�*���� H�#�F���������%�-���*�%.�M#<�����"q��"#� ).B ����C&'<��$�� /.�&/0

��34�+�2<*=�68%@' � # ����� %�,�Np-").B�A��<,���#9�1��� 8 A.B ����C&'<��y�% %.(&/0I�,�#9�BADCE�F%G� � �(�#�a���,�#9(<,�� # %��:>.� �pl A.B ����C&'<���.��)��J8").K�%�Fm(�F 6�����% ���9�9(�F %����M�po�D��IH�J;% � .>�*�� ��������&1 # %�,:l.� �pl��m��F���/�

$&%*K L * � LBM � L:N � � *,+PORQTS RVU .FORWYX1+�-U. N 4Z\[^]_[a` b�cedgf:cih;j;kml�n�oqprlsh;cejGtal�u�v�w5xzy�{|Y}�~ m |���y>} 9�. y�}�w2~4� &�. x>x�}�|��Iw2�y��aw 1 . x�� . ��} :��)< } � |�� : w;�;| < w 1 y�{| 2s��4�265�4�;|Fy�|�� y�w5xP{ . � M |�|F~�} :��)< | : |�~(y�|��-}�~ . WZY\[A]_^A`ba\cI`bde`gfhdIiba\jIink=^hdbaZlFfCd=mhiAk ��� M � <�. ���� .�<,< |��z� tgfhdFmbfhce`bde`efhdeibaIjZiAkF^�d\ablFf�dFmnihk>v 28� � w!��5 yD� w2~4�a}���y*��w 1�� {Gw <�< w J y�� M |�x>| � x�| ?��|F~(y�}�~ 9 y�{|��;x>} 1 y\x>| 9 }$w5~�y�{ � y_}�� �A<,< |�� J }�y>{ �Q{�|@��� | }I~�|@��48� � 9(� � : } n y>�x�| �!� ~y�{G|�w5�;y>��}��|�y>{|Fx>|�}�� ��xT:>: � w �G� |�x <��`p |�x :��&� }�~ 9 � � y�{G| � ~w;�;| �)<�� ~| J {G}��*{ J�� �� �G�;|���y>w�y�{| �a} : � <�� y�}�w2~ 1 w2xgy�{| � �x � w(�a|\w 1i� x�| m |�~5y>}$~ 9��G� x�y�}�� < |�� 1 x�w : < | �`m }�~ 9 y�{|�;x>} 1 yPx>| 9 }$w5~ � ~G���Fw2~(y�}�~@�}�~ 9 y>w M |zy>x � � � |���w2�;y*�a}��;| � 0 � ��y>x�| �B:�� ~G�T�;w J ~G�ay�x>| �B:��|��!y>}$w5~G�\w 1 y�{| M | �B: y�� M |5���Fw2~G��}���y>}$~ 9 w 1g�B< � : }�~(� : � � x�| �#<�� �F|��Yw5~�y�{|�}�~G�a}��;|Pw 1y�{G|P�;x�} 1 y\x>| 9 }�w2~ �2 {| � �G� � | M |Fy J |�|F~�y>{|�y J w M | ��: y�� M | ��|�� y�}�w2~G��}�� m�� �F�� : J }$y�{}�~ J {}��*{ � � pI< }$~ ?�;x>}�� �B<tm w < � : |��Fw2~(y � }$~G}$~ 9 y�{| � � y�� ��< y � x 9 | y 95� � v���< ��w {(|�}I~�|l� | }�48�$��w }�� �#<�� �F|�� �s |�� � }�y>|�{ �`m }�~ 9)� { p ��}�� �B< }�~ � ��� �x � �F}$|��F�Gy�{}�� � w2~ �)9 �x � y>}$w5~�{ � � M |�|F~��*{w(�a|�~Y}$~�w2x ?�;|�x�y�w �B<�< w J�1 w2x��G| n } M#< | � � H �G�ay : |�~5y*� J {} < |�}�~ m |��ay�} 95� y�}�~ 9 y>{|�}�w2~ � }�~| :z� y�}��F� � ~G�w � y�} : } ^ }�~ 9 y�{|z�*{ �B:TM |�x��;} : |F~G��}�w2~G� �   | 1 |Fx�y�w �)9 �Gx�|T� ��~P1 w2x � ~�w m |Fx m }$| J w 1 y�{|� � H �G��y �BM#< | 9 |�w : | y>x p��G� x ��: | y�|�x>� ��2 {| � ~ ��<,p ��}��Dw 1 y>{|¡}$w5~?|�~|Fx 9�pl< w5�>� � |�x � ~Gw@�|�ay�x>} � }�� 1�� � } < }$y � y�|�� MIp � �)< }$yay>}$~ 9 � � y�{G|��x�} 1 y¢x�| 9 }�w2~ m w < � : |�}�~(y�w � �ay � � � w 1 }��;|�~(y�}�� �B<� pI< }$~4�;x�}�� ��< � < }�� |����2| � �*{�w 1gJ {}��*{�x>| � x�|��a|�~5y*��y�{|�£ � }�x>� �G� �F|�¤ �BM w m |Dw2~| � ~w;�;|_��y>x�} �e�2 {}��¢}�� M |�� � �4�a| RQY#S;:WiF<�� �;y�w :�� y�}�� ��<,<�p |�~G�� � y�x � � �P� ~G��}$~4�a|�xay*� � y>x � � � }$~ 9 � w2}�~5yJ {|�~ �Qm w < � : | M w2�G~G� � x p }��_� x>w5�>�a|�� �

Z\[^]_[^¥ ¦�l�j;hta§iuac.v-l¢n�o¨¦�jd_§�c.v@v5c�vª©5n�«gd�u+«gc.o5 ~Y� tgfCdFmZfhoZp\q=^ImZf\^hr=mZ^Cd�v^¬¡ \­`w �7�a� M � <�� ���_w 1�WZYZ[b]_^A`baZoZpIq=^Imbf\^nr=mA^hd ��y�{G| �G� x�y�}�� < |��}�~ m w <�m |��)}�~�y>{|��a} : � <�� y>}$w5~ � x�| � �>��} 9 ~|��zy>{| � { p �a}��F� � x>w;� |�����|��gy�{| p®� x�| 9 w m |�x�~G|��

¯>° �`� � � ����}h��� �~�`�7���+±(�3���C�`���������U�~�`��²C{����C�N�³²h���\���(�~�C�M{;���I���`� ��� ��}�} �|}¯�´ µ��&¶;��²C{ �|���1��·E¸�¶ °º¹ �¡»

Page 40: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

���������������� R� ����� < � ��������������� x(|

targetLength

targetGasLength

driftLength

z x

y

anodeRadius

cathodeRadius

targetStartPosition

targetGasStartPosition

beamTubeThickness

anodeThickness

Drift Region

Anode Plane

Target Gas

Beam Tube

�s} 9 �x>|�� ��~ � 2 {| RQY�SV:WiF< �;|Fy�|�� y�w5x 9 |Fw : |Fy�x p2� !\w&y_��{w J ~�}���y�{ � y�y>{| �x�} 1 y_x�| 9 }�w2~}�~ 1�� �!y�� w5~G�a}��ay>�iw 1_k��Zkgi��I`e^ � pI< }�~G�;x>}�� �B< � < }��F|�� � !\w2y�|¢y>{ � y�y�{|gw2x>} 9 }$~¡w 1 y>{|�� � x�y�|���} � ~� w@w5x>�;}�~ � y�|_� p �ay�| : }��F� M�p�RQY#S;:WiF< �;| 1�� � < y�� < w;� � y>|���}�~zy�{|��F|F~(y�x>|_w 1 y�{G| 9 |�w : | y>x p5�

MIp2� �w5x¢y�{G|����.} v� � ~ w�D¯DF� x�| � �!y>}$w5~e�&w5~ <,p }�w2~G� � x>|\� w2~4�a}��;|Fx>|��e�2}�~G� < �G�;}�~ 9���G� x�y�}�� < |��� ~4� � x>w&y>w2~G� ���G< |�� y�x>w2~ : w m | : |F~(yz}�� %�#�� �a} : � <�� y�|�� M |�� � �G��|?w 1 y>{|��~ 1 | � ��} M#<�p{@� 9 |�x>|� (�}�x>| : |F~(y>�\}$~��Fw :z� �;y � y�}�w2~ �B<e� w J |�x�y�{}�� J w2� < ��} :z� w(�a| > x�| B �8� w J | m |Fx�� �y ��M#< |\y�x � ~4� <�� y>}$~ 9 y�{| < w;� � y�}�w2~)w 1 G ? | < |��!y>x�w5~ 9 |F~G|Fx � y�}�w2~�}�~(y�w�y�{| �;x�} 1 yDy�} : | � � ~ M |� w :z� �;y�|���| n y�|Fx>~ ��<,<�prv ��|F|���|��!y>}$w5~ xG� x�wg� ~G��}�~G� < �G�|��®}$~(y�w�y>{|��a} : � <�� y>}$w5~ �¢�_<�< y�{|� { p �a}��F� � x�w;� |�����|����;|����Fx�} M |��®}$~?y�{G}��\��|�� y�}�w2~ � x>| y �&� |F~?}$~(y>w � �F�Fw2�~(y ���������������������� �!"�{|�~?}�w2~4��y�x �`m | < y>{x>w2� 9 { :�� y�y�|�x��@y>{|F}�x\|F~G|Fx 9�p �;|�� x>| � �a|��F� � x>} :�� x�} <,p ��|¡y�w�}�w2~ ?} ^�� y>}$w5~ ��2 {|P�ay�w �G� }$~ 9�� w J |Fx_}��_�;|��>� x>} M |�� MIp y>{| � | y�{G| ? �!< w;�*{ 1 w5x : � <��&> x#~ B �

�$#�&% �('*),+.-0/ �12 ��354 ~7698;:=< 2?>�@A>CBADFEHGI > J ' 8 2 > ' G ' 8?K </ML vON4�QPSR

T {|�x�| )+.-VU | 4 |��!y>x�w5~®�;|�~G�a}$yXW�w 1 y>{|ZYz|��;}��$Y/ 1 U �*{ � x0[2|�w 1 y>{|�}�w2~: < U Y � ���Dw 1¢� ~?| 4 |�� y�x>w2~2 U \ ] T }$y�{ \7^ }�w2~`_5| 4 w@�F}�yXW5� ] ^ � � |F|��?w 1 4 }Q[5{5y@ U Pa Pb' 2 >I U � _5|Fx � [5|\}$w5~}�� � y�}�w2~ � w2y�|F~(y>} � 4/ U � y�wcY�}�� ~@�$Yd7|FxG;e K </ U �Fw2x>x�|��!y>}$w5~�y�|�xHY�� v0f �F%�!68�g�<*#&�!���*< � 6�#�% � �Hh�F"8"�<*#��!���*<F�^6�#&% RB DFEHG U Y �ji }kY��lY |F~|�xH[cWzy�x � ~G� 1 |Fx 1 x>wmY }$w5~®y>w 1 x�|�|�| 4 |��!y>x�w5~

Page 41: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� �lP� ~4� B DFE G U 8j:`<�� @A> ' P��P J 8 @����� J � ���� � >T {|�x�|�� �|F~w2y�|��_y�{|�}�w2~ Y � �>� �

�w5x 2 �"!$# !&% �4� w2x>x>|�� � w5~G�;}�~$[�y�w P5� 8 v | G(' �e� vONG�kP R d7|��FwmYz|���}$~ � �F�F�x � y�| > �$P B �*� i*)y�|�~G��}$w5~G� 1 w5x 4 w T |�x�|F~|�xH[5}$|�� � x>| � _ � } 4 � d 4 |�}$~ WZYZper\i,+�-Zkg`Aa/.\q10nink_mZ^ntAdFmhiAk > �$P � � 8 ��,� B � �w5x 2��2!$# ! P �4}$y¡}�� � �>���$Yz|���y>{ � y y�{|z�ay�w �G� }$~l[ � w T |�x�}�� � x�w � w5xay>}$w5~ � 4 y�w \ �T {|�x�| � � 1 w5x !3# ! P � 24�5!3# !*% y�{G}���wmd H |��!y x�| 4 }�|���|F~(y�}�x>| 4 W?w5~ �G� x � Y�|Fy�|�x�}76 � y�}�w2~G�_w 1| i;� |Fx>}QYz|�~5y � 4 � � y � ��a� �G� 4 }�|��?}�~`_ � x�}�w2�4�gy � d 4 |�� > �lP B �8:9<; � �O� ; 7�>=&?&��� �!S����WZY/@blEuAdFm�AguZ`/BgfAtAd\de`Aa=m�k/. y �2� |���� � x>|�w 1 y�{G| | 4 � ��y>}��¡�>� � yay�|�x�}�~$[�w 1 �*{ � x0[2|�� �G� x�y�}�� 4 |��}�~ � Yz|��}$�$Y �g� y>{w2x>w2�l[2{®�|��>� x>} � y>}$w5~?� � ~ d4| 1 w5�~G�?}�~?x>| 1�� > �,� B �CD9 = ; /?&!FE /?$=j� ��� �G�{| r*-*HZlFfbuZ`Ztba/Ie`\tefhdFmhinkIoZaeiIfA`g^b^Ev^¬¡ �R x>| � x�|��a|�~5y>}$~l[ � 4 w T |F~|�xH[cW�~@�G� 4 | � xDx�| � � )y�}�w2~ T � ��}kY � 4 |�Yz|F~(y�|���}$~ � [2|�~|Fx>}��&�3G �KJ G�L JM) }�~G�;| � |�~G�;|�~5y T � W2� � 4 y>{w2�l[2{�}�y T � �y � } 4 w2x>|��Yy�wON��.} v� � ~ R D�D�P � G�{|��Fx�w(�����a|��!y�}�w2~ 1 w2xQN��.} J � }��¡�a|Fy�y>w?��wmYz| d � ��|_ � 4 �|vR��S P ! DUT Y d R �cd�;y�}$y�}��V6�|Fx>w 1 w5x � x>w H |�� y�} 4 |��sy�{ � y�{ � _2| � 4 x>| � �$W 4 w(��y Yzw2x>|�y�{ � ~ P ! �w 1 y�{| d4| � Y |�~|Fx0[mW5� � � T | 4k4 � � 1 w2x � ~�Wzw&y>{|FxDx�| � � y�}�w2~ � L 1�� £ax>| � � y�}�w2~G¤Pw@��� �x*��� � ~| H |��!y>} 4 |�}����Fx�| � y�|�� � ~G��}�y*�\| H |��!y>}$w5~ � ~$[ 4 | � ~G��|�~|Fx0[mW � x>|�� � 4 �F� 4 � y�|����G�a}�~$[ v P2�kPXWmR� ~4� vXP5�QP @ R ��x>|�� � |��!y>}Q_5| 4 W ��Y w T |�_2|�x��Gy�{| � x>w H |�� y�} 4 |�}���}�~5y>|F~(y�}�w2~ � 4k4 W %7#&� �;|���y>x�w;W5|��d�W)y>{|Px>| � � y�}�w2~e�&dG�;y�� w5~(y�}�~(�G|���}$y>� T � W�y>{x�w5�$[2{®y�{G|��;| y>|�� y�w2x�[2|FwcYz| y�x0W2� � 4Q4 w T }�~$[1 w2x � 4 � x0[2|¡~@�$Y d4|�x\w 1 }$~(y>|Fx � �!y>}$w5~G� � v w2x>|Fw;_5|Fx��5w2y�{|�x\| i }$y��*{ � ~~G| 4 �G� xay>}�� 4 |�� v ~�}�~y�{G|P� � ��|¡w 1 N �.} v� � ~ R¯D�D P R�� x�| }k[2~w5x�|�� �Z\[^]_[^] b�c.n�cejlsht�dgn¨d[Z�¦�jGt�f l�j;k ¦�l�j;hta§iuac.v\�x>}kY � xHW �4� x�y�}�� 4 |�� � x>|��Fx�| � y>|���}$~-� tgfCdFmZfho\a=m1sFtba\q\WI`Ake`AaItbd\iba �;}kY � 4 |�Y�|�~(y�}�~$[�y�{|WZY\[A]_^A`ba\oZaFm1sFtbaZq\oetAaZdFmbfbuA`ZW\`nkg`Aaetndeibac�=fCdFmhink }$~(y�|�x 1�� � | ��� �!y>� � 4k4 W2��y T w��;}^]7|�x�|�~5y}kY � 4 |�Y�|�~(y � y>}$w5~G�zw 1 y�{}��zwmd H |��!y�{ � _5| d7|F|�~ x�| � 4 }^6�|�� ��_ ~ y>{|�w2~|�{ � ~G�i�g}$y�� � ~d7|)w � |Fx � y>|�� � � � x�| � x�|��a|�~(y � y>}$w5~�w 1 y�{|)}�~G�FwmYz}$~l[Y}$w5~ d4| � Y��¢�a}kY � 4 W�|�Yz}$yay�}�~$[ �� x>w H |��!y�} 4 |�}�w2~e���;|a`G~G|�� d�WY}$y>� � y�wcY�}�� � ~G� Y � �>��~@�$Y d4|�x>� � ~G��| i �F}�y � y>}$w5~�|F~G|Fx0[mW2�� 4 w2~l[�y�{|cb �ji }�� � y � [5}Q_5|F~ d7| � Y:|�~|Fx0[mW v^¬¡ �R!�3_ ~zy�{| w&y>{|Fx�{ � ~4�i�cd�W�� T }�y*�*{}$~l[� w;�;|5�&}$y¢� � ~ � �!y � �.y>{|�|�Yz}$yay�|�x¢w 1 D¯D P | H |��!y�} 4 |�� � y � [2}k_2|�~�� � Y �s� ~$[ 4 | v Ged R!� L+~�y�{G}��� � �a|5�ey>{| 4 � d7w2x � y�w5xHW 1 x � Y�| � ~$[ 4 | � ~4�Ty�{|)| H |�� y�} 4 |)|�~|Fx0[mW � x>|)� � 4 � � 4 � y�|��T}�~-y�{|� � Yz| T � W � � T }�y>{�y�{| r*-*HZlFfbuZ`Ztba/Ie`\tefhdFmnihkIoZaeiefn`g^b^ �Fy �&� }�~$[P}�~(y�w � �F� w5�~(y � [2}k_2|�~� x>w H |��!y�} 4 |D|�~|Fx0[mW��aw¡y>{ � y¢y>{|\�a}kY�� 4 � y�|���x>| � �!y�}�w2~z� � ~ d4|\�Fw2~�`G~G|���y�w � T | 4k4 )/� ~w T ~� w5��}�y>}$w5~ �

Z\[^]_[ºZ ©5dgngf�jl¢§$h_tanKi� tgfCdFmZfjIZlZk�-/ke`Ak\d��=fCd=mninkPv ¬¡  ��Ged R � � ���$d�� 4 � �>��w 1 d7w&y�{ WbYb]_^A`ba*IZl\k&�=fCdFmniAk?� ~G�WZYb]F^A`ba/-/kI`AkId��=fCdFmnink ���;|a`G~G|�� � � y�}�w2~G�?� � x�x>}$|���w2�y d7| 1 w2x>| � ~G� ��1 y�|�x � x��G~ v }�~ )_2w 4 _@}�~$[ � � |�xay � }�~�~@�$Yd7|Fx w 1g� x�}kY � x>}$|�� R�� ~G� �&1 y�|�x | � �*{���}$~l[ 4 |�|�_2|F~(y � G�{}��¡� wcY )� x>}���|�� y>{|�w2�y � �;yPw 1 y>{|�}$w5~�y>x � � �Y� w5}$~(y��Fw(w5x>�}$~ � y�|�� � � T | 4Q4 � � y�{| Yz| � ~Tx � �;}$}y�{ � y T w2� 4 � d7|��;|Fy�|�� y�|�� d�Wªy�{| � ~w;�;|�x�}�~$[5� �&1 y�|�x)� � 4 }kdx � y�}�w2~ � G�{| 4 � y�y�|�x � x>|

Page 42: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� � 8−1i i +1

j −1

j +1

i

z

r

r

r

zj

j

Anode #:

j

j

end,

begin,

�s}Q[5�x>| N4� 8 ^ � 4 [2w2x>}$y�{$Y 1 w5x\�a}kY�� 4 � y�|�������}k[2~ � 4 � � G�{|P�;w&y*��x�| � x>|���|F~(y�y>x � � ��� w5}$~(y*� �G�{|¡�a|�[mYz|F~(y � y�}�w2~�w 1 y�{G| �;x>} 1 yDx>|�[5}$w5~ _2w 4 �$Yz| v �a|�| ��|�� y�}�w2~ N4� �G�QPSR [5|F~|�x � y�|�� � ~| Ty�x � � �-� w2}�~(y T {|�~ªy>{| � x>| � w 1�� ~G| T � ~w;�;|�x>}�~$[�}���|F~(y�|�x�|�� ��  | 1 |�x�y�w�y�| i y 1 w2x1 �x�y�{|�x\| i;� 4 � ~ � y�}�w2~ �� � 4 �F� 4 � y�|�� 1 x>wmY�y�{|zy>x � � �Y� w5}$~(y*��}$~-� tgfhd=mZf,Bbde` A/A_m�k�.��=fCdFmCiAkOv Ged R �.���$d7� 4 � ���¡w 1WZYb]F^A`ba$BbdI`,A/A_m�k/.��=fCd=mninki��� }$~G�F| Y�w5x�| y>{ � ~?w2~| y>x � � � Y � W d4|�[2}�~ � ~G��|�~G� T }�y>{}�~x>| � �*{ w 1 y>{|�� ) y�{ � ~w;�;|®x�}�~$[G��y�{|�W � x>| T |F}k[2{(y�|�� d�W-y�{|�}$x b � x�w H |�� y�}�w2~ b�� v ��|F|`l[5�x�| N4� 8 R ^ ��� U � !$# % v ��� + ��� ��� � J � + ����� � R b �

� b �T {|�x�| b�� U��� v��� + ����� � R��*'7v��� � + ��� ��� � R������ y�y�{G|�� � Yz|�y>}QYz|5��y>{|�|F~G|Fx0[mW 4 w5�>�¡w;�F� �Gx�x>}$~l[?w;_5|Fx¡| � �*{ � ~w;�;|zx>}$~$[Y}���wcd;y � }$~|��y�{Gx�w5�$[2{ WZYZpIrIi,+�-Zke`ba/.\q10hiAk_mZ^htbd=mnihki�  \� y>{|Fx�y>{ � ~��4�a}�~$[ � ~B|�~|Fx0[mWB� �;y 1 w2x�� )| 4 |�� y�x>w2~ � x>w;�;�G�!y>}$w5~e�;y>{|�W � x>| � 4 T � W;��� x>| � y�|�� d�W)y>{| WZYZpIrIi,+�-Zke`ba/.\q10hiAk_mZ^htbdFmhink� x>w;� |��>� � L+~ w5x>�|Fx�y�w � x�|�_2|F~(y�y�{G|�Y 1 x>wmY d4|�}$~l[ y�x � � � |��i� y�{|�W � x�|��;|���y>x�w;W5|��}�~I� tgfhd=mZf,Bbdetef��Fm�k�.��=fCdFmhinkcv Ged R ���a�$d�� 4 � �>��w 19WZYA]_^A`ba$BAdetgf��Fm(k�.��=fhdEmniAk �.}QY Yz| )�;} � y>| 4 W ��1 y>|Fx*d7|F}�~$[�� w5�~(y�|�� �

Page 43: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� �&�

�s}Q[5�x>| NG� � ^ � ��|Fx>}�|���w 1 }�w2~Yy>x � � � � v d 4 �G| R � � �G�a|��=d�W � ~�}$~G�F}��|F~(y d7| � Y w 1 N �e} � y� v | G$&%�$ M����YX®.��K+�-U. N 4Z\[ºZ�[a` ���\l¢f�cej���t�f c�n�v@t�dgn�v�w5x � ~ � � y�}k_2| 4 |F~$[2y�{-w 1 y�{G|��;| y>|�� y�w2x 1 w5x N �.} v� � ~ R�D¯D P w 1 8 N ! Y Y?�s}$y T � � 1 w2�~4�y�{ � y ��¬ ��v x � �;}��G��w 1� ! Y Y T w2� 4 ��d7|��;|���}�x � d 4 |�� � G�{}����Fw2~�`l[5�x � y�}�w2~.� T {|�~w � |Fx � y>|�� � y 8 %,! Yd � x � ~G� T }$y�{ � Y �ji }QY��$Y d7| � Y¨|F~|�xH[cW®w 1 � v | G � � 4Q4 w T � � 4Q4| H |��!y>} 4 |��¡y>w���y>w � T }�y>{}�~-y�{|)�;x>} 1 yPx�|�[2}�w2~e� T }$y�{�w5~ 4 W �®1 | T ��y � y>}��ay�}�� � 4 | i � | � y�}�w2~G�>QPmP B �Z\[ºZ�[^¥ ��cej;h;c�� l¢n�o���nKigu�c�� c.§�dgn�v2h;j���§7ht�dgnL/y_}���|�����|F~(y>} � 4 y>wzx�| 4 } � d 4 W�x>|�� w5~G�ay�x>�G�!yDy�{| 4 w;� � y>}$w5~®w 1 y>{|¡~(�4� 4 | � x�x>| � �!y�}�w2~ T }�y>{}�~y�{G|Py � xH[5| y�[ � ��� 1 w5x\y�{G| � x>w H |��!y�} 4 |P|F~|�xH[cW®�;| � |�~G�� �a|�~G��}�y>}Q_5| 4 W®w5~�y�{|�y � x0[2|Fy � |F~ )| y>x � y�}�w2~B�;| � y>{ ��� 4 �aw4� 1 x>wmY y>{|YwmdG��|Fx0_2|�� Yz| � ~Ix � �;} � 4 �;}��ay � ~4� |�� 1 x>wmYry>{| � ~ )w;�;|���y>x�} � ����y�{|�� � Y �-� ~$[ 4 |�w 1�� x>| � �!y�}�w2~ |�_2|�~(y���{w2� 4 � d7|®}�~ 1 |�x � d 4 | � G�{|?��}kY )� 4 � y>}$w5~ � x�wc[2x � YR�;|��>� x>}Qd7|�� }�~ ��|�� y�}�w2~ N4� � { � � d7|F|�~��G��|�� y>w [2|�~|Fx � y>|�� � y � ��wy�{ � y�y�{G| � �*{}�|�_ � d 4 |zx>|���w 4 �;y�}�w2~T}�~ _5|Fx�y�| i�� w2}�~5y � ~G�-� � Y ��� ~$[ 4 |)� � ~ d4|®��y>�G�;}�|�� �G�{|���| y w 1¢�G� x � Y�|Fy�|�x>� v �a|�|��a|��!y>}$w5~ NG� ��kP R |�Y � 4 w;W2|���}����a�lY Y � x�}76F|��®}�~Yy � d 4 | NG�kP2�� tgfCdFmZfho\a=m1sFtba\q\WI`Ake`AaetAdeina T � �zw � |�x � y�|�� }�~By�{|�£�| H |�� y D¯D P � y [5}Q_5|F~ 4 w;� � y�}�w2~4¤Yzw;�;| � �w5x � 4Q4 � � Y �_� ~$[ 4 |�� !������ �"! D !�� P @ !�� �7}$~��ay�| � �\w 1bP � � P !&!,!&! |�_2|�~5y*� T |Fx>|[2|�~|Fx � y>|�� � y¡y�{G| � w(�a}$y�}�w2~ v % U ! �$# U ! ��b U 'ZP !,! Y Y R ��} � | �)� y�y�{G|�|��&[5|�w 1% µ'&F� };��{)( �+*M�-,�� �����.( ���;��}),./0(7���g���1�21 �M�M�4353 � ¹ }6,��87��M�9(U���I�~�8(03 �¸�M{�(������"�h��� �e�;:��.,����8(|{�·���8(�µ'&F� {~���8,��C}�<=,�����,�� � ���z�;�>( ���n�M���7�M�M�?353A@CBED �GF�� H?353

Page 44: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� �mNtAkgic�I`&Iet��Em�lF^ % ! Y YfAtbdbpgi��I`&IIt��=m�lF^ P ! Y Y�ZaFm��ZdIrI`Ak/.\dZp 8 N ! Y Ydetba*.e`bdIrI`nk�.\dZp 8m8 ! Y Ydetba*.e`bdIWIte^nrI`Ak�.ZdZp 8 !,! Y Yk&�Zkei��I`g^ N @� `\t�s � l � ` � p_mZf��bkg`g^Z^ � Y YtAkgic�I` � p_mbf��Zkg`g^Z^ P Y YG � x0[2| y [ � � U �;x>} 1 y*[ � � � ! � Y |2� P ! � Je_ >\�x>|��>���x�| 8 % ! Yd � xG�|�Y � |�x � y��x>| 8 � � d v x>w(wcY y�|�Y �e� R

G � d 4 | NG�kP ^ G�{| �4� x � Yz| y>|Fx*� 1 w2x\y>{| ����� :��F< ��}QY�� 4 � y�}�w2~ � G�{|Py � x0[2|Fy�x>|�[2}�w2~ � ~G�y � xH[5| yb[ � �Dx�|�[2}�w2~ � x�|��F|F~(y�|�x�|�� � x�w5�~G�b U ! �y�{G|)y � xH[5| y,[ � � � G�{G| Yz| � ~�x � �;}$} ��� � �P�| y�|��!y>|�� d�W�y�{| � ~w;�;|)x>}�~$[5� �&1 y�|�x G _ �� � 4 }kdx � y>}$w5~ v T {w5��|��G~G� |�xay � }�~5y>}$|�� T |Fx>|\~w&y�y �2� |F~�}�~(y�w � �F�Fw2�~(y R T |�x�|����$d H |��!y>|���y�w� �a}kY � 4 | 4 | � �ay ) �H (� � x�|��[`y > �jN B W@}$| 4 �;}�~$[ � x>|�[2x>|��>��}$w5~ 4 }�~|

� v � R9U S � J�� vON4� 8 RT {|�x�| ! � � � N�W@� G�{|�~�y>{|Z_2|�xay>| i�� w2}�~(y � ~G��y�{| 4 � d � ~$[ 4 | � x�| [5}Q_5|F~ d�Wb� +�����+ G U 6 ' � J P8 J���� ��� ��+ ' P8 ��� � � ��� vON4� ��R

� ~4�� U�� x>� y � ~

��� ��� ��+ vON4� N�RT {|�x�| � � ��� ��+ }���y>{| T }��@y>{ªw 1 w2~G| � ~w;�;|�x�}�~$[G� � ~4� � � � � ����� �ZaFm��Zd\rI`Ak�.\dbpi� G�{|JKJ�J � w;�;| � �F�FwmY � 4 }���{}�~$[�y>{}���y � � � }���[5}Q_5|F~Y}�~ �2�� |�~G�;} i J�� 8 � d¡|F| � }�~$[)}�~ Yz}$~4�y�{ � y y�{|�� w@w2x*�;}�~ � y>|Pw2x>}Q[5}$~Y}�� �a}$y�� � y�|�� � y�y�{|�� |�~5y>x�|�w 1 y>{|��| y�|��!y>w2x��4w5~|�{ � 4 1 w 1y�{G| �*{ � Yd7|Fx 4 |�~$[&y>{)}������$d;y>x � �!y�|��z}$~ vON4� ��R!� G�{|�d7| � Y ��y>x � [m[ 4 }�~$[�}����HY � 4k4 |�~w2�$[5{y�w H �G�ay�} 1 W®y�{| � �����$Y � y�}�w2~®y�{ � y_y�{G|�x�| � �!y>}$w5~)y �&� |�� � 4 � � |¡w5~�y>{|�b �;i }�� �"T|F}k[2{(y�|���d�W y>{|�~@�$Y d4|�x®w 1�� ~w;�;|�� d�W T {G}��*{ � ~�|�_5|F~(y�}����;|Fy�|�� y�|��i� T {|�x�| �Yz}$~G}QY��$Y w 1 y T w � ~w;�;|���}�� x>|� (�}�x�|��i� b� +�����+ G � ~G� � T |Fx>| � _5|Fx � [5|�� � G�{| � _2|�x � [2|w 1 y�{G|P� w2x>x>|�� � w5~G�;}�~$[��0 (� � x>| �|�_@} � y�}�w2~G�_��|Fx0_2|�� � � � Yz| � ���x>|¡w 1¢� �F�F�x � � W �G�{|_x>|���� 4 y>�¢� � ~ d7|\��|F|F~z}�~ `l[2�x>|�� N4� N¡� ~4� N4� % � L/y�}��¢wmd�_@}�w2�G��y�{ � y¢y�{G|b_2|Fx�y�| i�� w2}�~5y� � ~ d7|�x>|�� w5~G�ay�x>�G�!y>|��7Yzw;�;|�x � y�| 4 W T | 4k4 w2~ 4 W�}�~ � x � ~l[2|�w 1_� d7w2�;y !�� � � �"! D ! �P 8 ! � � � �x � x�}���}$~$[ 4 W5�@y�{}��\�;w@|��_~w&y��Fw2}�~G� }��;| T }$y�{�y�{G|ZY �ji }QY��$Y w 1 y�{G| � ~w;�;|��\�;| )y�|��!y>}$~$[ y>{|�|�_2|�~(y �Vv w2x>|Fw;_2|�xey>{|Fx>|_�a|�|�Y���y�w d4| � � W;�ay�|�Y � y�}��g|�x�x>w2x�w 1�� d7w2�;y P Y Y �G�{| d4|���y � ��� �x � ��W®wcd;y � }$~ � d 4 |�}�� � d4w5�;y � b +�����+ G U % Y Y v % � R �"! w&y>|�y>{ � y y�{|�ay � y>}��ay�}��F��w 1 P !,!&!,! ��}QY�� 4 � y�|���|�_5|F~(y>� T } 4k4 ~w&y d4| � _ � } 4 � d 4 |�}$~�y>{| x�| � 4 | i;� |�x�}kYz|F~(y �

G�{| � �"! D ! x>|��Fw2~G�ay�x>�G� y�}�w2~-}�� � ��� wmY � 4 }��a{|���d�W��G��}�~$[Yy�{G|®� 4 w � |)w 1 y�{|®x�|�[2x>|��>�a}�w2~4 }$~| vON4� 8 R!� � }�~G�F|�y�{| � ��� �x � ��W�}�� �2��G� x>|F~(y 4 W d4|Fyay�|�x�y>{ � ~ T }�y>{Yy�{| _2|�xay>| i x�|�� w2~ )�ay�x>�G�!y>}$w5~e�ey>{|){}k[2{-�~G�F|Fx�y � }$~(y�}�|��¡}�~-y�{G| 4 � yay�|�x���|F|�Y�y�w=d7|�� � �G��|�� � x>}QY � x>} 4 W7d�Wy�{G|)w2x*�;}�~ � y>| �;i }���}$~(y>|Fx*� | � y � G�{|)x � ~$[5|�w 1 � Y � 4Q4 |��ayP�~G�F|Fx�y � }�~(y�}�|���}$~ � �"! D ! �;w@|��� w5}$~4� }��;| T }$y�{�y�{| Y �;i }kY��$Y�w 17� ]�|��!y>|�� � ~w;�;|�� � L/ys}�� �2��G� x�|�~5y�y�{ � ys~Gw�x>| � ��w2~ � d 4 |

Page 45: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� � %

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

z_ve

rtex

[mm

]

theta [deg]�s}k[2�x>| NG� N ^ � ��� �x � ��W)w 1 _2|�xay>| i)� w2}�~(y\x�|�� w2~4��y>x��G� y�}�w2~ � � |�|¡y�| i y 1 w5x\�;| y � } 4 � �

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

thet

a [d

eg]

theta_c.m. [deg]�s}Q[5�x>| N4� % ^ � �F� �Gx � � W�w 1 4 � d � ~$[ 4 |�x>|��Fw2~G�ay�x>�G� y�}�w2~ � G�{|�� � �a{G|���y�{|�w2x0W�� �x0_2|�}��[2}k_2|�~ d�W v P2�kPXWmR�� ~G� vXP2�kP @ R!� � |�| y�| i y 1 w5x\�;| y � } 4 � �

Page 46: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

������������������ ����� <�� ���� ���� ����� �

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

# af

fect

ed a

node

s

theta_c.m. [deg]�s}Q[5�x>| N4� ^ G�{|�~@�$Yd7|Fx¡w 1�� ~w;�;|��¡�;| y>|��!y>}$~l[ � ~�|�_5|F~(y � G�{|z|Fx>x�w5xHd � x>�\}$~G�}�� � y�|y�{G|P��y � ~G� � x>�?�;|�_(} � y>}$w5~ �� w5~G� 4 �G��}$w5~G�s� � ~ d4|��;x � T ~ T {|�~�y>{|�| H |�� y�} 4 |Dy�x �hH |��!y>w2x0W �G� ����|�� 4 |��>�.y>{ � ~ `l_2| � ~Gw@�|x>}$~$[(� �[Y w T |�_2|�x��@~w2y�|¡y�{ � y�� � ��� w2x*�;}�~$[�y�wzy�{G|P�a}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~�x�|��a� 4 y>��� � ~�wcdG�a|�xH_5|�� 4 � d� ~l[ 4 | w 1 �� � W5� 8 !�� Y � W®� w2x>x>|�� � w5~G��y>w � ~�W � �"! D ! d7| y T |F|�~ W % � � ~G� P�N % ���$&%�� � W&-¢X N N TG�{| � d4w;_5|�x>|���� 4 y>�Z[5}Q_5|zx�}��a|zy>w��a�4� � |�� y�}�~$[�y�{| WZY/@ZlEundFm�AEuZ`*BgfAtbd\dI`ba=m�k/.Zo\a\igfA`e^Z^y�w W(}�| 4 ���~x>| � 4 }��ay�}��¡x�|��a� 4 y>���G� � �G��}$~l[zy�{|�}$w5~��ay�x � [c[ 4 }$~l[�y>w d7|�y�w@w�{}k[2{ �KJ wcY �4� x )}��aw5~G� T }$y�{������ > � % B ��}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~�� � y � �i��{w T }$~l[��awcYz|��;}^]7|�x�|�~G� |���}�~�y>{|�x�|��a� 4 y>�1 w2x¡{| � _�WY}$w5~�x � ~$[5|����e�a�$[c[2|���y�y�{|�� � Yz| � ��;y>�x�| T w2x � Y � WY~G|F|���y�w`d7|��;|�_5w&y�|��y�w�}�~�_2|��ay�}k[ � y�}�~$[)y>{}�� d4|�{ � _@}$w5�x �6v w2x>|z�aw � {}���y>}�� � y�|�� � ~ � 4 W;�a}�� }�� x>|� (�}�x�|��Yy�w�| i*)y�x �&� w 4 � y>| y�{|P}�w2~?y>x � � � y�w�}$y>�\�ay � xay>}$~l[ � w2}�~(y��4x�|��;�G� }�~$[zy>{|�{}k[2{��~G�F|Fx�y � }�~(yXW � ~G�| 4 }kY�}�~ � y�}�~$[zy�{| �2��G� x�|�~5y_�HW@�ay�|�Y � y�}�� |Fx>x�w5x �

� �$_ � ~G� }�~$[By�{G| G �KJ G�L J ��}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~ � x>wm[5x � Y }$~�_2w 4 _5|�� � ��}$~$[By>{| N �.}�| 4 � �ay�}���>� � y�y�|�x�}�~$[ � x�w;� |������ T {}��*{ }�� [2w5}$~$[�y�w d4|®y�{G| Y � }$~B�aw5�x>�F|�w 1 d � � � [5x�w5�~G�i� � ~G�y�{G| N �e}��|�� � W � x�w;� |���� v�D¯D P }�����y � d 4 | R � G�{G| � v � R x�| 4 � y�}�w2~T�a{w5� 4 � d7|z}$~G� 4 �4�;|��T}�~y�{G|��a}kY�� 4 � y�}�w2~�w2~4� |)}$y�}��P|��ay � d 4 }���{|��-| i y�|Fx>~ � 4Q4 W 1 w5x�y�{| � � y�� � 4 �*{ � Y d4|�x 4 � W2w5�;yv ��|F|��a|��!y�}�w2~ �G� ��R!��� 4 �aw4� v w2~(y�| JD� x 4 w Yz| y�{Gw@�G��� w5� 4 �`d4|��G�a|��?y�w��|Fx>}Q_5|¡y�{|Q`4~ � 4� ~Gw@�|���}Q[5~ � 4 ��{ �&� |���d�W�y �&� }�~$[�}�~(y�w � ��� w2�G~5y�y�{|�}$x��;}�x>|��!y>}$w5~ � 4 �ay�x � [m[ 4 }�~$[ � � _2|F~ )y�� � 4k4 W5�;y�{| @ ) x � W;��|�Yz}$yay�|���}$~�y>{|�x>| � � y�}�w2~��a{Gw2� 4 � d4|�}�~G� 4 �G�;|���}$~?y>{|���}QY�� 4 � y�}�w2~ �G�{|�}$x_�;|Fy�|�� y�}�w2~�y �&� |�� � 4 � � | w2�;y*�a}��;|�y�{|QG �KJ G�L J �*{ � Y d4|�x � ~G�)}$y>�D|F~4� 4 w5���x�|5�5x>| )��� 4 y>}$~l[�}�~ � ~)|F~|�xH[cW � yay>|F~@� � y�}�w2~ � G.w � ��� wcY�w;� � y�|_y>{}��F�@y>{| �FwmY � 4 | y>|�Yz|��*{ � ~}�� � 44 � W2w2�y Y��G��y*d7|�|F~(y>|Fx>|��®}$~(y�wzy>{|P��}QY�� 4 � y�}�w2~?|F~�_@}$x>w2~lY�|�~(y �

Page 47: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ��������� �

� !�� � ��� ���"!#� �

� y�y>{|Yy>}QYz|�w 1 T x�}$y�}�~$[G��y>{| Yz|��*{ � ~}�� � 4*4 � W2w2�y)w 1 y�{| G �KJ G�L J �;|Fy�|��!y�w5x�{ � �~w2y W5| y d4|�|F~ `G~ � 4 }76F|�� ��!�� y>�x � 4Q4 W2� Y � ~�W�y>|��*{~G}�� � 4 � � |�� }^`4� � y�}�w2~G� � x>|z�a�$d H |��!y y�w�*{ � ~$[2|_y>{x>w2�$[5{w2�;ygy�{|¡�;|�_5| 4 w � Yz|�~5y � x>w@�F|��>� ��� � � x>|���� 4 y��5y�{| T w2x ��� x>|���|F~(y�|���}�~y�{G}���x�| � w5xay�x�| 4 }�|��gw2~ _ � x0W@}$~l[��;}kY�|�~G��}$w5~G�F� �&�G� 4 }�|�� _2w 4 y � [2|��¢| y*� �VY w T |�_5|Fx��&}$~ Yzw5�ay� � �a|�� � � H �G�ayHYz|F~(y>��� � ~ª| � �a} 4 W d7|®�;w5~|)w2~4� | � 4Q4 �G� x � Yz|Fy�|Fx*� � x�| � ~w T ~e�F (�}�� � 4 WYzw;�;} 1 W@}�~$[)��w2�x*� |¡� w;�;|¡y>w [5|F~|�x � y�| Yzw2x>| x>| � 4 }��ay�}���x>|���� 4 y>� �G�{|�y>|��ay��*{ � Yd7|FxP� � y �Y� �� (�}���}$y�}�w2~-� � [5x � �;| T } 4k4 d7|)�G��| 1 � 4 1 w2x 1 �;y��x>| Yz| � �a�Gx�| )Yz|F~(y>� T {} 4 |�y>{|�� � �a{ )+� s J � � x�|z~w2y,W2| yPw � |�x � y�}�w2~ � 4 � G�{|�x�| 4 � y�}k_2|)��}Q[5~ � 4 [ � }�~Yz| � �a�x>|��?� wcY � 4 |�Yz|F~(y>� � x>|�_@}�w2�G�DwcdG�a|�xH_ � y�}�w2~G� �P W�� � 4 � � 4 � y�}�~$[�y>{|�| 4 |��!y>x�}�� `4| 4 �ª}�~ªy�{G|?�;x>} 1 y�x>|�[5}$w5~e��y�{|?x>|� (�}�x�|���|a]�|�� y�w 1 y�{|�;|��a}k[2~Iw � y>}$w5~ }�~�_5w 4 _@}$~$[ d} � �a|��ªx>}$~l[ �G� �� T � ���Fw2~�`4xHYz|�� �ª� � � 4 }Qdx � y>}$w5~ � �GxH_5|T � ��� � 4 �F� 4 � y�|��i�e|�~ � d 4 }�~$[Y}$w5~�y>x � � � }$~$[`d�W 4 }$~ � }�~$[�y>}QYz| ) w 1 ) �G}k[2{(yP�a}k[2~ � 4 � y�w�y�x � � �� w2}�~5y*�

�_1 y>|Fx 1 �x�y�{|�xD�;|�_2| 4 w � Yz|F~(y��5y�{| � ��� : �=< �a}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~ T } 4k4 d4|�}$~G�ay�x>�$Yz|F~(y � 4 }�~ � x>w )_@}��}$~$[�y�{| � w(����}kd} 4 }$yXW�w 1 � wcY �4� x>}$~$[ 1 �;y��x>| | i;� |�x�}kYz|F~(y � 4 � � y � T }�y>{�}$y �Uv w2x>|Fw;_5|Fx��~| T � ��� : �=< �FwmY � w2~|�~5y*���;|�_2| 4 w � |��`Y�}k[2{(y d4|��a{ � x�|�� T }�y>{Yy�{| T w5x 4 � T }��;|P�G��|Fx� wcY Y��~}$yXW2�;| i y�|F~4�;}$~l[zy�{|��G� � dG} 4 }�yXW�x � ~$[2| w 1 y�{|P��}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~ �G� � ��� [2| �G�w �a�lY � � � � x>wm[2x>|��>� T � � � �*{}$|�_2|��I}�~�{| 4 � }$~$[ Y �2� |�y>{| G �KJ G�L J �;| y>|��!y>w2x �� w T |�x 1 � 4 ~G| T y�w@w 4 }�~�| i;� |�x�}kYz|F~(y � 4 ~@�G� 4 | � x � ��y>x�w � {�W;�a}��F� �

�/W

Page 48: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� � � ��������� �

� � � � � � � � ���� ��� � � � � ��� �

M�%(' LIS 0;-�� *,+PORQTS R�� W 4,0 +54�� 2 +5.®4��,+ � - N R 0G�{|¡�;�x � y>}$w5~�w 1 y�{|�� � y � y �&� }�~$[�x��~4� 4 }���y>|�� d7| 4 w TMT � � � d7w2�y�y T w Yz}�~@�;y�|���| � �*{ �G�{| � �aw5�x>�F| T � � N % Y Ym�;}��ay � ~(y 1 x>wmY y�{| � ~w;�;|P�ay�x>} � �G��|�� � � |F| �2�� |F~G�;} i?��� 81 w2x�y>{|P� � |��!y�x � wmd;y � }�~|�� �

  �~ ! w � \gx�|������x>| ��������� E ��� ��+ � _2|�~5y  \� y�| �! �! "�$# ¬¡� }�~> Y d � x B > G B >QPX' � B8 @ 8 %,!,! P !&!,! 8 N % P5� mN ! � W !*% 8 P2� N 88 @ � %,!,! P !*% ! Wj� @ P5� % N ! � 8m8 P2� % P8 @ N %,!,! PmP !,! P 8 !,! P5� NcN ! � $P � 8 P2� $P8 @ % %,!,! PmP % ! P �/W ! P5� 8 P ! � % 8 ! � P2� � 88 @ W %,!,! P 8 !,! P�N ! � P ! � N*� 8 � �,�8 @b@ !,! P !&!,! 8 W&W P5� � ! � @ � % W P2�kP 88 @ � !,! P !*% ! @ W;N P5� 8 ! � @ % @ P2�kP� 8 � ! !,! PmP !,! P 8 Wj� P5� NcN ! � W &� 8 P2� �$P8 � P !,! PmP % ! P � %,% P5� 8c8 ! � jN� P2� %,%8 � 8 !,! P 8 !,! P � � � P ! � % � P2� @ �8 � � !,! P 8 % ! P�N 8 � ! � W � ! � NlP @ W 8 � � �8 � N !,! P � !,! P�N� ! ! � ! � �$P @ ��kP�NG � d 4 | �P�kP ^ _ _2|Fx0_@}$| T w 1 y�{|DG �KJ G�L J y�|���y)�*{ � Yd7|Fxzx��G~G�F�gy�{|Y� � |��!y>x � ��� � 4 }$~l[1�� � y�w5x>� � ~G�)y>{|�x>|���� 4 y>}$~l[ [ � }�~ v PX' 8 R!�

� @

Page 49: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � � �

  �~ ! w � \�x>|��>���x�| G w 4 y � [5| � _2|�~(y  �� y�| � � �$# ¬¡� }$~> Yd � x B > G B > Pj' � B8 � % W !,! P !&!,! % � % P2� @ � P5� 8 ! � ! � @ �8 � W !,! P !*% ! PcP ! P2� WSN P5�QPcP � ! � �8 �/W W !,! PmP !,! P 8 PXW P2� % P ! � � jN P2� ! �8 � @ W !,! PmP % ! P��$P % P2� 8 N ! � W � � P2� 8 8 � � W !,! P 8 !,! P��,�jN P ! � mN P2� % 8 N ! W !,! P 8 % ! P��,�,� ! � W � ! � %,!&% P2� � @8 N�P W !,! P � !,! P 8 W,W ! � 8 ! � � � @ 8 � % 88 N 8 W !,! P � % ! P�N @ N ! � N @ ! � � ! W 8 �� 8 8 N*� W !,! P�N !,! P % ! ! � �*W ! � 8 � @ NG� 8m88 N % @ !,! P !&!,! % � % 8 � ! P P5� %,! W % ! � 8 N� @ !,! P !*% ! � � @ P2� @ P5� � % ! � WSN8 N�W @ !,! PmP !,! PcP� % P2� % P5�QP 8 % ! � @ �8 N @ @ !,! PmP % ! P 8 N % P2� 8 N ! � � � P2� ! @8 N � @ !,! P 8 !,! P 8 @ % P ! � W % P2� �,�8 %,! @ !,! P 8 % ! P 8 % ! ! � W @ ! � % @ % P2� W�P8 % P @ !,! P � !,! P�� @ % ! � $P ! � N % W % 8 �kP �8 % 8 @ !,! P � % ! P�� 8 ! � N @ ! � � 8 � W @8 % � @ !,! P�N !,! P % PmP ! � � % ! � 8 8 % �� @ P8 % N @ !,! P�N % ! P % 8 @ ! � 8 W ! � 8 ! 8 % NG� � N8 %&% � !,! P !&!,! % � W 8 �kP � P5� � 8 W 8 ! � % 88 % � !,! P !*% ! � PmP P2� @ N P5� lP � 8 ! � 88 % W � !,! PmP !,! P ! � N P2� $P P5� N�P� @ ! � W�P8 % @ � !,! PmP % ! PcP % 8 P2� � P5�QP�NmN ! � @ W8 % � � !,! P 8 !,! P 8 P ! P ! � @b@ P2�kP�N8 ! � !,! P 8 % ! P 8 PmP ! � W,W ! � /W,W P2� N @8 lP � !,! P � !,! P 8 @ ! � % @ ! � % P ! N P2� � 8 8 � !,! P � % ! P�NmN @ ! � NmN ! � � @ W 8 8 � % @8 &� � !,! P�N !,! P�N ! ! � �jN ! � 8 � � 8 �� �jN8 mN � !,! P�N % ! P % 8m8 ! � 8 % ! � 8c8 NG� %,%8 % � !,! P %,!,! P9 8 @ ! �kP � ! �QP9 *W 8 % � � @8 /W P !&!,! P !&!,! � % P2� � � P5� � � ! � %8 @ P !&!,! P !*% ! @ N P2� @ N P5� @ N ! � % N8 � P !&!,! PmP !,! @ � � P2� jN P5� mN ! � $P8 W ! P !&!,! PmP % ! P ! 8 � P2� 8 W P5� 8 W ! � W �8 W � P !&!,! P 8 !,! P ! � @ P P P8 W;N P !&!,! P 8 % ! PcP�N ! ! � WSN ! � W;N P2� � %8 W % P !&!,! P � !,! PcPXW @ ! � %,% ! � %&% P2� @ 88 W> P !&!,! P � % ! P�� ! ! � NlP ! � N�P 8 � NmN8 W @ P !&!,! P�N !,! P�� % 8 ! � � ! � � �� �,�8 W � P !&!,! P�N % ! P�N � ! � 8m8 ! � 8c8 NG� %,%8 @ ! P !&!,! P %,!,! P�N @ % ! �kPXW ! �QPjW % � @A@G � d 4 | �P� 8 ^ _ _2|Fx0_@}$| T w 1 y�{|DG �KJ G�L J y�|���y)�*{ � Yd7|Fxzx��G~G�F�gy�{|Y� � |��!y>x � ��� � 4 }$~l[1�� � y�w5x>� � ~G�)y>{|�x>|���� 4 y>}$~l[ [ � }�~ v 8 ' 8 R!�

Page 50: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � N !M�%ML LIS 0;-�� *,+PORQTS R M�� � U �TS�� - R +G�{| � s J � � |�� y�x ��1 x>wmY w2~|��*{ � ~~| 4 w 1 y�{| G �KJ G�L J y>|��ay �*{ � Yd7|Fx 1 w5x�y>{|�x>�~G�4 }��ay�|��-}$~ �&�G� |�~G�;} i-���QP)� x�| [5}Q_5|F~�d4| 4 w T � G�{|�WT�a{Gw T y>{|�~@�$Yd7|Fx�w 1 � w2�G~5y*� 1 w2x| � �*{ � s J _ � 4 �|Zd}�~ ���[^¥�[�` ��������� f �l�j

�s}Q[5�x�| ���QP ^ � s J � � |��!y>x �z� y U % !,! Yd � x �

Page 51: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � N�P��[^¥�[ ¥ ��������� f �l�j

�s}Q[5�x�| ��� 8 ^ � s J � � |��!y>x �z� y U !,! Yd � x �

Page 52: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � N 8��[^¥�[ ] ����� ��� f �l�j

�s}Q[5�x>| ��� � ^ � s J � � |��!y�x �?� y U W !&! Y d � x � L+~-x>�~ 8 � � � �HY � 4k4 � | �&��� x>w2�G~G��*{ � ~~| 4 8m8 % }��P�;�|�y>w � 4 � �a|�xP�;|�_@}�� |zy�|�Y � w5x � x�} 4 W�w � |Fx � y�|��T}$~Ty�{G| � x�w i }kYz}�yXW�w 1y�{G|P�a|Fy�� �e�

Page 53: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � N*���[^¥�[�Z ��������� f �l�j

�s}Q[5�x�| ��� N ^ � s J � � |��!y>x �z� y U @ !,! Yd � x �

Page 54: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � NcN��[^¥�[ � ��������� f �l�j

�s}Q[5�x�| ��� % ^ � s J � � |��!y>x �z� y U � !,! Yd � x �

Page 55: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� ��� �5��������������� �g� ������� � � � N %��[^¥�[ � ��� ` �����:f�l�j

��}k[2�Gx�| �P� ^ � s J � � |��!y�x �z� y� U P !,!&! Y d � x �

Page 56: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ����� ������� �

� � ��� � � �"��� � � ��� � ��� �

� %(' ��S�O X®+PQ�� N �YS�X10G�{|�� ����� ��� Yzw@�| 4 �\�G��|�� � ���;|��>� x>}Qd7|��?}�~��a|��!y>}$w5~ �G� 8 ��� }��\y�{|¡y>{}�� � ~|����\w 1 y�{|x>}$~$[ �G� �� �

�s}Q[5�x>| P �kP ^ � ��� �� ��� Yzw;�;| 4 [2|�wmYz| )y�x0W v ~w�x�}�~$[(� R

� � #��!68%('&�

! �!68%@'���"� U 8 P�) 8 N Y Y ^$# D U ) 8 N @ �kP�G� U 8 � ) � 8 Y Y ^$# > U )0P % �� 5G� U:�*WX) N ! Y Y ^$# ­ U ) @ P2� 8 G� U 8 !,!�% Y

�s}k[2�x>| P � 8 ^ � ��� �� ��� Yzw;�;| 4 [2|�wmYz| )y>xHW vR� x>}$~$[(� R

N�

Page 57: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� N�W

� �!68%@'��� U P � )0P9 Y Y ^�# D U2) � @ NG� G� U P � ) 8c8 Y Y ^�# > U2) 8 W,W@� ! G� U 8 % ) 8 @ Y Y ^�# ­ U2)0P � W@� 8 G� U �$P�) �mN Y Y ^�# � U2)0P��,�� @ G� U �*WX) N ! Y Y ^�#�� U ) @ P2� 8 G� U(N&� ) N� Y Y ^�#�� U )U� � 8 G� U(P !&! % Y

�s}Q[5�x>| P � � ^ � ��� � ��� Yzw;�;| 4 [2|FwcYz| y�x0Wv x>}$~l[5� R

� �!68%@'��� U P � )0P�N Y Y ^�# D U2) N ! � @ G� U PXWX)0P @ Y Y ^�# > U2) � 8 �kP�G� U 8 P�) 8c8 Y Y ^�# ­ U2) 8 8 � 8 G� U 8 % ) 8 Y Y ^�# � U2) 8 ! � � 8 G� U 8 � ) � ! Y Y ^�# � U2)0P9 ,�� � G� U �,� ) �mN Y Y ^�#�� U2)0P 8 NG� N6G� U �*WX) � @ Y Y ^�#� U ) @ � � N6G� U(NlP�) N 8 Y Y ^�# N U ) % W@� � G� U(N % ) N� Y Y ^�#� U ) 8 � � � G� U(P !&! % Y �s}Q[5�x>| P � N ^ � ��� � ��� Yzw;�;| 4 [2|FwcYz| y�x0W

v � x>}$~l[5� R

Page 58: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� N @� %ML M34,+PX�� 07.10 N�� �?S�O X1+PQ � . S�X � � +�-7+G�{| 1 w 4Q4 w T }�~$[�� w;�;|�}kY � 4 |�Yz|F~(y>�Py�{| � 4 [5w2x>}�y>{$Y �|��>� x>}Qd7|��-}�~ª�a|��!y>}$w5~ �G� 8 � �G� G�{|� ��� � ��� w2�y � �;y ` 4 |�� T |Fx>| � x>| ) |��;}$y�|��-y�w-� w5~(y � }�~�y>{| % � w@w5x>�;}�~ � y�|���w 1 � 4k4 [5x�}��� w2}�~5y*��}$~®y�{G|�`4x>�ay 4 }�~| � ~G�)y�{|Qb��Fw(w5x>�}$~ � y�|��g}�~�y>{|��a|�� w5~G� 4 }$~G| � G�{}�� T � ��� � _5|��y�w fAi\iba�� �=mAuZ`��zd��\d�� L+~ � �=mAuZ`���d��\d�� ~G� �=mAuZ`��zd��\d ��y>{|Y� w@w2x*�;}�~ � y>| 4 }�~|�� T |Fx>|�;| 4 |Fy�|��e� 4 | � _@}�~$[�w5~ 4 W®y>{|Y � y�x>} i w 1 #�� � ~G�7# � _ � 4 �|�����x�|�� � |�� y�}k_2| 4 W5� � y�y�{G| [5x�}��� w2}�~5y*� � � ����� ��� T x>}$y�|�� Het&Hcv � #��¡� � J� ��*� � R } 1D� [2x>}�� � w2}�~5y�}��¡w2�;y*�a}��;|zy>{| [2| )wmYz|Fy�x0W � G.w 1�� �F} 4 }�y � y>|�y>{|�x>| � � ) }$~�}�~ JKJ�J �4y�{G| Het&H � T |Fx>|�x>| � 4 � �F|��`d�W ! v T {}��*{�;w@|���~Gw&y � ]�|��!y�y>{| � ~ � 4 W;��}��D��}$~G�F|¡w2~ 4 W [2x>}�� � w5}$~(y*� T }�y>{}$~®y�{G|Z[2|FwcYz| y�x0W � x>| �Fw2~ )��}��;|�x�|�� R!� G�{| �4� x � Yz| y>|Fx� aetAk�.e` }�~ 4 }�~| P ! w 1 y�{|P�Fw;�;|¡}��Dy>w d7|��a|Fy�y�w ! � 8 }$~®y�{|� � �a|�w 1 y>{| Y�w;�;| 4 � T }$y�{�~w � ~G� � x�}�~$[(�F� � ~4��y�w ! �kP�1 w5x.y>{| j)i� ~G� � ) x�}�~$[2|�� Yzw@�| 4 � ������������������ ��!�"�#%$�� &�')(�*�#�+�,.-0/21������34��������� ��!�"�#%$)52'�(�*�#�+�,6-7/21������89��������� ��!�"�#%$�,2+)(�/6-0/21������:9��������� ��!�"�#%$�'�(�"2� &9-0/21������;��=<�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�?���&�@2+���A2+)*2� +�@���#�'%>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�<������B9��"�&)!�@2��#�CD3�E������F9��"�&)!�@2��#�C284E������G9�H� &)��'�(I��&)��?J��!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�')O�PQ3������RE������S9�H� &)��'�(I��&)��?J��!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�' TUPQ3������RE������V9�H� &)��'�(�"�&)!�@2��#�W *�+���?�#JP%��-X��;REY<�<Z�N��,���23)���H� &)��'�(�"�&)!�@2��#�[ *�+���?�#JP%��-\3]E^<�<Z�N��,���23�34�H� &)��'�(�"�&)!�@2��#�W�'�(�#�MZP%��-\3%<���!�,�@2#)*�K)5�L *2�)")M�&��N��(2' ORE���23 89�H� &)��'�(�"�&)!�@2��#�[�'�(�#�MZP%[ *�+��2?�#�<U��!�,�@2#)*2K)5�L *2� ")M2&��N��(2' T4E���23 :9��"�&)!�@2��#JW`_0��!�,�@�#)*�K)5�L�*2�)")M2&��N��(2')O�aRE���23);���"�&)!�@2��#J[`_0��!�,�@�#)*�K)5�L�*2�)")M2&��N��(2' T�aRE���23 B9��"�&)!�@2��#�b�W�_0��!�,�@2#)*�K)5�L *2�)")M�&��N��(2' O�a�_0��!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�' T aRE���23 F9��"�&)!�@2��#�b�[�_0��!�,�@2#)*�K)5�L *2�)")M�&��N��(2' O�a�_0��!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�' T aRE���23 G9�=<�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>U(�#���/������ +���'�( !�5�5Z>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�> <���23 S9�H�N��(Q'��)? ��!�,�cd"�&�!�@2��#�"�e�f���23 V9� ��5�cd"I$%�2e%f����8���� *�#)(�!�* �Zg�3]E����8234� h�#���'�#%f����8�89� *�#)(�!�* �i3�E����8�:9� h����8�;��=h����8�B9��"�&)!�@2��#J"2��'�(�+��D� #4cd"�&)!�@2��#�W23]jk"�&�!�@2��#JW�8Rjl"�&�!�@���#J[23�jm"�&�!�@���#J[�8�e%f����8�F9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(2+ W%P%52+�@�']cdW�8�g W23�e]E����8�G9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(2+ [%P%52+�@�']cd[�8�g [23�e]E����8�S9� *�#)( !�*��Q')n *�(�cd"�#��)(2+ W�>)"�#��)(�+ WJo%"�#��)(�+ [2>)"�#��)(2+ [2e�E����8�V9�=h����:����=<�>J*�#)( !�* ��'U( /�#%+)*�*�+�pI�N��"�#�WI&)5%(�/2#%? *��)"�M2&�����(Z� ��&�' #�'�(%(2&�+%?2��A�#��%M�&��N��(����:234�q>I�N�IWI"���*�#��)(2� &��Q>�<����:�89�=��&)��?%52����"�r���&�' #�'�(�s��]cd"�&�!�@2��#UW��Rjl"�&�!�@2��#%[��2eJf����:�:9� ��&���?I����&�' #�')(�tu��"�#�W%P%�RE����:�;�� "�&�!�@2��#�� ��&�'�#�'�( v���'�(�+�����#�P�"���')(�+���� #RcdW��RjwW�_\� ��&�' #�'�(�tu��"�# W�aRjw[��9jl[��2e�E����:�B9� "�&�!�@2��#J"���'�(�E����:�F9� 5�&)*xc\��&���?Z� P��REm� $)��!�,�@2# *�K)5�L *��)")M2&�����(2')OREl�)o�o2e�f����:�G9� "���')(�P�"���'�(�+�����#4cdW��RjwW`_d�)aRjl[��Rjk[���e�E����:�S9� ��5xcIcd"���')(I$I� ��&�' #�'�(�v���'�(�+)��� #�ezy�yxc{5�+�@�'4cdW�_d�)a�e�1 P%CD3�e%eJf����:�V9� � ��&�' #�'�(�v���'�(�+)��� #�P�"2��'�(9E����;���� � ��&�' #�'�(Dtu��"�# W�PI�]E����;�34� h����;�89� h����;�:9� *�#)( !�*��Q� ��&�'�#�'�(�tu�2"�# WRE����;�;��=h����;�B9�=<�>J*�#)( !�* ��'U( /�#%+)*�*�+�pI�N��"�#�WI&)5%(�/2#%? *��)"�M2&�����(Z� ��&�' #�'�(%(2&�+%?2��A�#��%M�&��N��(����;�F9�q>I�N�I[I"���*�#��)(2� &��Q>�<����;�G9�=��&)��?%52����"�r���&�' #�'�(�s |9cd"�&�!�@2��#UW��Rjl"�&�!�@2��#%[��2eJf����;�S9� ��&���?I����&�' #�')(�tu��"�#�W%P%�RE����;�V9� "�&�!�@2��#�� ��&�'�#�'�( v���'�(�+�����#�P�"���')(�+���� #RcdW��RjwW��9jk[��Rj�� ��&�' #�'�(�tu��"�# W�>)[�')(�#�MDe�E

Page 59: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� N �����B���� "�&�!�@2��#J"���'�(�E����B234� 5�&)*xc\��&���?%|�P��REw|�$)��!�,�@2# *�K)5�L *��)")M2&�����(2' T4E |�o�o2e�f����B�89� "���')(�P�"���'�(�+�����#4cdW��RjwW��Rjk[��9jl[�_7|�a�e�E����B�:9� ��5xc\"���'�(Q$�� ��&�'�#�'�( v���'�(�+�����#�eUf����B�;�� � ��&�' #�'�(�v���'�(�+)��� #�P�"2��'�(9E����B�B9� � ��&�' #�'�(Dtu��"�# W�PJ|9E����B�F9� h����B�G9� h����B�S9� *�#)( !�*��Q� ��&�'�#�'�(�tu�2"�# WRE����B�V9�=h����F����=<�<%*�#)( !�* ��'U( /�#��N��"�#�W�&)5�(�/2#I'N,�+�����#�')(JA�+���!2#Z�N�Z+��i+)*�*�+�p����F234�=��&)��?�?�# ( � �N�DtN��"�# WRc\"�&�!�@2��#U+�_XaRjk��&)��?Z��3]jk��&���?Q� 8�e�f����F�89� "�&�!�@2��#U,��N���2+���!2#JPZ+9_d��3)aRE����F�:9� ��&���?�,D�N�Dtu��"�# W%PZ��3�E����F�;�� 5�&)*xc\��&���?Z� P���3�Em��$�� 84Em� o�o2e����F�B9� ��5xc +9_d�)aZ$U,��N���2+���!2#�eJf����F�F9� ,����Dtu��"�#�W%PZ�]E����F�G9� ,�������+���!�#JPI+9_\�)aRE����F�S9� h����F�V9� *�#)( !�*��%,��N�DtN��"�# WRE����G����=h����G234�=<�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>zM�/2p�'�����'�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�> <����G�89�=<�>J*�#)( !�* ��'U( /�#J" *2��5�(%A�#���&�����(�p�& 5Z+��i#���#���(�*�&���"�#�M�#���"��N�2?����G�:9�q>�&���( /�#���&���+��%#���#���(�*2����52� #�� "Z> <����G�;���"�&)!�@2��#J"�*2��5�(�A2#���&����)(�pRcd"�&)!�@2��#Ub�eJf����G�B9� *�#)( !�*��I��-{VZ>U5�+�@�'4c{b�e�E����G�F9�=h����G�G9�=<�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�> ��� t��Z>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�<����G�S9�H�N��(%,2+�����c �N��(Z+)*�?��]j��N/2+)*Z>�> +)*�? ADe�f����G�V9� �N/2+)*�W�52� ��#�')(�*`_{8�B�F a P��DE����S���� �N/2+)*�[�52� ��#�')(�*`_{8�B�F a P��DE����S234� �N/2+)*Z��&�&)*�" 5�� ��#�'�(�*`_{8�B�F�a P��DE����S�89� �N/2+)*Z��&���52�)?�52� ��#�')(�*`_{8�B�F aJP��DE����S�:9� �N/2+)*I&)!�(�52� ��#�'�(�*`_d8�B�F a P��DE����S�;�� '�(�*2� + (9cdW 52����#�'�(�*�jl+)*�? A`_ 3�a2e�E����S�B9� '�(�*2� + (9cd[ 52����#�'�(�*�jl+)*�? A`_ 3�a2e�E����S�F9� '�(�*2� + (9c � &�& *�" 52� ��#�'�(�*9jw+)*�? A`_\3�a�e�E����S�G9� '�(�*2� + (9c � &���52�)? 52����#�'�(�*�j + *�? A`_\3)a2e�E����S�S9� '�(�*2� + (9c\&�!�(�52� ��#�')(�*9jw+)*�? A6_\3�a2e�E����S�V9� <�>�*�#�+ "J*�+ "2���J&)5i�N/2+�,�@�#)*Z> <����V���� ��52'�(�*2#�+�,Q� &)��52�)? 5�� ��#4c ')(�*2� +)(�c � &���5��)? 52� ��#�'�(�*9j��N<���&���52�)?�52� ��#9-X(�W (��)e�e�E����V234� � &���52� ? 52� ��#�1�1�C�3�E����V�89� � &���52� ? 52� ��#�1�1�C�84E����V�:9� � &���52� ? 52� ��#�-d� ��&�'�#4c e�E����V�;�� <�>�*�#�+ "I� &�& *�"��N�2+ (�#�'z5�*�&),� �b ������ &�!�( M�!�(%(2# W (%52����#I> <����V�B9� ��52'�(�*2#�+�,Q� &�&)*�" 52����#4c '�(�*2� +)(9c � &�&)*�"�52� ��#�')(�*9j��N<�� &�&)*�"�52� ��#9-X(�W (��)e�e�E����V�F9� "�&�!�@2��#JW)�2&���E����V�G9� 5�&)*xc\��&���?Z� P��REm� $)��!�,�@2# *�K)5�L *��)")M2&�����(2')OREl�)o�o2eJ� &�& *�" 52� ��#%1�1%W`_d�)aRE����V�S9� 5�&)*xc\��&���?%|�P��REw|�$)��!�,�@2# *�K)5�L *��)")M2&�����(2' T4E |�o�o2eJ� &�& *�" 52� ��#%1�1%[`_7|�aRE����V�V9� � &�&)*�"�52� ��#9-\� ��&�' #Rc e�E�23������ <�>�*�#�+ "�#���#���(�*2����52� #�� "�"�+)(�+�5�*�&�,� �b ������ &�!�( M�!�(%(�# W (�52� ��#Z> <�23���34� ��52'�(�*2#�+�,IW 5�� ��#4c ')(�*2� +)(�cdW 52� ��#�'�(�*9j��N< W 52����#9-7(�W�(��)e�e�E�23���89� ��52'�(�*2#�+�,I[ 5�� ��#4c ')(�*2� +)(�cd[ 52� ��#�'�(�*9j��N< [ 52����#9-7(�W�(��)e�e�E�23���:9� 5�&)*xc\��&���?%|�P��REw|�$)��!�,�@2# *�K)5�L *��)")M2&�����(2' T4E |�o�o2e�f�23���;�� 5�&)*�c\��&���?Z�)P��RE��J$���!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�')OREk�)o�o�e�f�23���B9� W 5�� ��#�1�1�b�W�_d� a�_7|�aRE�23���F9� [ 5�� ��#�1�1�b�[�_d� a�_7|�aRE�23���G9� h�23���S9� h�23���V9� W 52� ��#�-d� ��&�'�#4c e�E�23�3)��� [ 52� ��#�-d� ��&�'�#4c e�E�23�3�34� <�> g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�> <�23�3 89� <�>%��&�&�M�( /�*2&�!�?)/Z+�����'�(�+ *�(%M2&��N��(2'J& 5I#���#��)(�*2���U5�� #�� "����N�2#�'I> <�23�3 :9� &)52'�(�*2#�+�,Z&�!�(�52� ��#Rc '�(�*2��+)(9c\&�!�(�52� ��#�'�(�*9j���<)52� #���"�-X"�+)(��)e�e�E

Page 60: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� %,!

�23�3);�� ��&���?���&�&�M�� &)!���(�PI�RE�23�3 B9� � &���'�(Z��&���? ��� O � K�K���r�K������%PJ��!�,�@2#)*�K 5�L *2�)" M2&��N��(�')ORE�23�3 F9� ��&���?�&)!�(�tu��"�# W%P��9E�23�3 G9� "�&�!�@2��#%��&�&�MD'�(�#�MIPI[�'�(�#)M�E�23�3 S9� � &���'�(Z��&���?%��!�,�@2# *�K)5 � &�&�M�C !��D'�P�c\��&��2?2e cd[ *2+���?�#%<I��&�&�MD'�(�#�MDe]E�23�3 V9� "�&�!�@2��#J[�s�'�(2+)*�(�s�+�_0��!�,�@�#)*�K)5 � &�&�M�C !���')aRE�23)8���� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(2+�s [�s�+�_0��!�,�@�#)*�K)5 � &�&�M�C !���')aRE�23)8234� "�&�!�@2��#J" *2��5�(�(2�N,2#�s�+9_0��!�,�@2#)*�K 5 � &�&�M�C !���')a9E�23)8�89� 5�&)*xcd"�&�!�@2��#%[�s�'�(�+ *�(�P��REk[�s�'�(�+ *�(�$ P�[�*�+���?�#REw[�s�'�(�+ *�(�o�P���&�&�M�'�(2#�MDezf�23)8�:9� "�&�!�@2��#J" *���5�(�(2��,2#�P��RE�23)8�;�� "�&�!�@2��#JW�s�'�(�+)*�(IPJC�3�E�23)8�B9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(�+�s [�P%�RE�23)8�F9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(�+�s [�s��2#��9E�23)8�G9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(�+�s [ �2#��9E�23)8�S9� ��&��2?I�JP�52�N��"�r���&�' #�')(�s��]cdW�s�'�(�+)*�(9j [�s�'�(�+ *�(�e�E�23)8�V9� ��&��2?J|9E�23):���� "�&�!�@2��#�b�W�s���&�� +��4E�23):234� "�&�!�@2��#�b�[�s���&�� +��4E�23):�89� "�&�!�@2��#JW)��#���P�W`_d�)aRE�23):�:9� "�&�!�@2��#J[)��#���P�[�s�'�(�+)*�(9E�23):�;�� � /�����# c�c\W)�2#��I$�PJC�8�eJy�yxcdW �2#��I1 P%C�3�e�y�yxcd[)��#��I1 P%��e�y�y�cd[)�2#��Z$ P�[ *2+���?�#�e�eUf�23):�B9� |ZP%52�N�2"�r���&�'�#�'�(�s)|�cwW)�2#��9jk[)�2#�� e�E�23):�F9� �%P%52�N�2"�r���&�'�#�'�(�s��4cwW)�2#��9jk[)�2#�� e�E�23):�G9� b�W�s���&�� +��JP%b�W`_d�)a�_7|�aRE�23):�S9� b�[�s���&�� +��JP%b�[`_d�)a�_7|�aRE�23):�V9� W)��#��Io�PIg�'��)?)��!�,�c{b�W�s���&�� +���e�>JW�')(�#�M�E�23�;���� "�#��)(�+�s [ �2#���P�cwb�[�s���&�� +��%<%b�W�s���&�� +��Ie�>�W�'�(2#�M�E�23�;�34� [)��#��Io�P�"�#��)(�+�s [)�2#���E�23�;�89� ��5 c�cd[)��#��I$%��e����Uc\[)�2#��I1�[ *�+��2?�#�e�e�@�*�#�+)|9E�23�;�:9� " *���5�(�(2��,2#Jo�PQ')n *�(9c\W�'�(�#�MD>)W�'�(�#)M�o%"�#��)(2+�s [)�2#��2>)"�#�� (�+�s [)��#���ez<" *2��5�(�A�#���&�����(�pRc ')n *�(9cdb�W�s���&�� +���>�b�W�s���&���+���o�b�[�s���&�� +���>�b�[�s���&���+���e�e�E�23�;�;�� "�#��)(�+�s [�s��2#���P�5�+�@�'4cd[)�2#���g�[�s�'�(2+)*�(�e�E�23�;�B9� ��5 cd"�#�� (�+�s [�s)�2#���1%"�#��)(�+�s�[2e�f�23�;�F9� "�#��)(2+�s [%PI"�#��)(�+�s [�s��2#��9E�23�;�G9� ��&�&�MD� &�!���(IP%�RE�23�;�S9� h�23�;�V9� <�<%b ,2#)*�?�#����)p � *�#�+)|�(�&�+)A2&��)"I�N��52�N����(2#%��&�&�MD'�23)B���� ��&�&�M�� &�!���(�o�oRE�23)B234� ��5 c\��&�&)M�� &�!���(I1 ��� O � K�K���r�K�������eJf�23)B�89� � &�!�(Z$�$%[�s�'�(�+)*�(Z$�$ ��� ��� O � K�K���r�K���������$�$I#���"��4E�23)B�:9� @�*�#�+ |9E�23)B�;�� h�23)B�B9� h�23)B�F9� &�!�(�52� ��#%$�$J[�s�'�(2+)*�(I$�$� �z$�$%"�#�� (�+�s [�$�$ � ��$�$%" *���5�(�(2��,2#J$�$�#)��"��4E�23)B�G9� [�s�')(�+)*�(�s�+9_{&�!�(Dtu��"�# W�aUPI[�s�'�(2+)*�(9E�23)B�S9� "�#�� (�+�s [�s�+9_{&�!�(Dtu��"�# W�aUPI"�#��)(2+�s [RE�23)B�V9� " *2�)5�(�(2�N,�#�s�+9_{&)!�(�tu��"�# W�a�P�" *���5�(�(2��,2#4E�23)F���� &�!�(Dtu��"�# W�o�oRE�23)F234� h�23)F�89� &�!�(�52����#9-d� ��&�' #4c e]E�23)F�:9� *�#)( !�*��I�RE�23)F�;��=h

Page 61: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� % P� %*K ��X S�� - RUN 4 M RUR .���+PXªL .FO S 0 .®4 2 + R�� S�X �G�{| d7| 4 w T ������������� �>� x>} � y T x>}�y>|���y>{|�y>}QYz| � ~�| 4 |�� y�x>w2~�~|�|���Py�wYy>x � _5| 4 1 x>wmYy�{G| � w5}$~(y*[2}k_2|�~ d�W � � ~G�� ªy�w�y�{| � ~w;�;| y�w ` 4 | ������������X+�"�"JM2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(J(�p)M�#UM�' s�M�&)*�(�*�+���(%52� ��#�g��2+�,�#�(�+���(����R-0M�'������34���X&)M2#��%M2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(������89���X+���(2��A�+ (�#UM2&�')(2'���*2��M�(������:9�=<�<Ig�g�gJn !2+���(2�)(2� #�'%')(�+)(�# "Z�N�i�N,Qg�g�g������;��=<�<I&�!�(�# *%*�+ "���!�'J&)5�@2#�+�,�(�!�@2#������B9��L � K ���� @�#�+�, � !�@2#)C�PI��-{V�B�8�B������F9�=<�<%*�+ "���!�'J+)(�� /����N/i� + ?�# ����*�#�'J+ *�#�,2&)!���(�# "������G9��L � K ���� ��+ ?�#)C P%@2#�+�, ��!�@2#)C%oI��-X��F������S9�=<�<%*�+ "���!�'J+)(�� /����N/Q+��2& "�#�'J+)*�#�'���( !2+)(2# "������V9��L � K ���� +)�2& "�#)C PZF9-{:�F�F�8���23)���=<�<%*�+ "���!�'J+)(�� /����N/i� +)( /2&�"�# �2��*2#�'J+)*�#�,2&�!���(2# "���23�34��L � K ���� ��+)( /2& "�#)C PQ� + ?�#)CIo���-{8���23 89�=<�<�"�� +�,�#)(�#)*I& 5I+ �2�)*�#���23 :9��L � K ���� ����*�#�v PI��-X����8�B <�<I8�B�!�,���23);��=<�<Ig�g�gJn !2+���(2�)(2� #�'%')(�+)(�# "Z�N���Ig�g�g���23 B9�=<�<Z� +)( /�& "�#�A�&��)(�+ ?�#���23 F9��L � K ���� ��+)( /2& "�#�� PI����23 G9�=<�<%A�&��)(2+ ?�#%&)5Q� + ?�# �2��*�#�'���23 S9��L � K ���� ��+ ?�#�� PQ� +)( /2&�"�#��Ig%B�����23 V9�=<�<%A�&��)(2+ ?�#%&)5%@2#�+�,Z( !�@2#����8�����L � K ���� @�#�+�, � !�@2#���PQ� + ?�#������8234�=<�<%A�&��)(2+ ?�#%&)5Z+��2& "�#�'����8�89��L � K ���� +)�2& "�#�� PZB �������8�:9�=<�<Ig�g�g ����*�#I'�M2#���'Jg�g�g����8�;��=<�<J��!�,�@�#)*I&)5i� + ?�# ����*�#�'�P�PJ��!�,�@2#)*I&)5Q� +)( /2&�"�# �2��*2#�'����8�B9��L � K ���� ���2��*�#��2+���*2'�PZ:�8����8�F9�=<�<I+ [��N,�!�( /2+���M���(2�N/Q&)5 �2��*2#�' c ����*�+ "���+���'�e����8�G9��L � K ���� "�� /�� PZ8�> :9- 3�;23)B�V�8�F�B�<����2��*�#��2+���*2'����8�S9�=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����8�V9��yIr b ������:����=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����:234� � � � b�*�P�f�+��2& "�#)C�h4j A�P�f�+��2& "�#���h4jl��+)@2#�� P �����:�89�=<�<Z� +)( /�& "�#%+��2"I� + ?�# �2��*�#�'����:�:9�C�K��������:�;�� �K CQ� �C2K � � ��K%f�������*�#���+���*2' g�3 hzv2K����:�B9� ��>�f��2��*�#)v2h%f�� + ( /2& "�# C2>�� &�'4c ��>)" ��/���e)h�f�� + ( /2& "�# C2>�'��N�`c ��>)" ��/���e)h�f�� + ( /2& "�#���h����:�F9�b��v�v2K����:�G9� �K CQ� �C2K � � ��K%f�������*�#���+���*2' g�3 hzv2K����:�S9� ��>�f��2��*�#)v2h%f�� +�?�#)C2>���&�']c ��> " � /���e hJf�� + ?�# C2>�'��N�`c ��>)" ��/���e)h�f�� +�?�#���h����:�V9�b��v�v2K����;����=<�<�P�P�P�P�P����;�34��yIL � �����;�89�=<�<�P�P�P�P�P����;�:9��L � K ���� ?�+�'�52� ��#JP����2# r�K�8�s�V ��s�3���s�8�B ��s�8�V�:9-X?�+�'������;�;���L � K ���� ?�+�'N,2#�,�@2#)*�P�����# r�K�8������;�B9��r ���� �N�2n)!���*�#�s�,2#�,�@�#)*9cd?�+�'�52� ��#Rj ?�+�'N,2#�,�@�#)*9j��d?�+�'���j\#�W���'�(�e����;�F9�Yt� Q# W���')( ����b�����;�G9� L�b��Zf ?�+�'�52� ��#4jw?�+�'N,�#�,�@2#)*2h����;�S9�b � �)b����;�V9����C�t ��bIf�?�+�'�52����#4jl?�+�'N,2#�,�@�#)*�h����B���� ��C�b�������C�bI8�B �J,�@2+)*����B234� ��b � ��b�C � � ��C�bZ8�V�: �����B�89� ��� L � K � ��T ��#����N!�,2g ;IV �%r�K�8Q3������B�:9����b�b v!��#����N!�,2g�;�V ��r�K�8I3������B�;��b��vDt� ����B�B9�=K�� �%�2& ?�+�' g�M2��&)(%?�+�' g)M�*2�N��(

Page 62: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� �¡� � � ��� � �<� �M � � � �K �� /� % 8����B�F9�=1 �2# r�K�89-{"�+)(����B�G9���7"�#�+���(JM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����B�S9���{����&�' #UM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����B�V9���7"�#�� M�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����F����=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����F234��y �tNb � v����F�89�=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����F�:9���X+�"�"JM2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(J(�p)M�#UM�' s�M�&)*�(�*�+���(%52� ��#�g��2+�,�#�� &���(2&�!�*�`-7M�'����F�;����X&)M2#��%M2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(����F�B9���X+���(2��A�+ (�#UM2&�')(2'���*2��M�(����F�F9� � C�b � g�f�+��2& "�# C�hJg�f�+���& "�#)C�h%o�f�+��2&�"�#)C�hJo�f�+��2& "�#)C�h����F�G9� � � K��Q� &)��(�&�!�* �����F�S9���7"�#�+���(JM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����F�V9���{����&�' #UM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����G������7"�#�� M�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����G234���X+�"�"JM2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(J(�p)M�#UM�' s�M�&)*�(�*�+���(%52� ��#�g��2+�,�#�� &���(2&�!�*��s�[�&�&�,6-7M�'����G�89���X&)M2#��%M2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(����G�:9���X+���(2��A�+ (�#UM2&�')(2'���*2��M�(����G�;�� � C�b � �%�Z8�8����G�B9� � � K��Q� &)��(�&�!�* �����G�F9���7"�#�+���(JM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����G�G9���{����&�' #UM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����G�S9���7"�#�� M�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(����G�V9�=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����S�����y%v�C�t� ������S234�=<�<�P�P�P�P�P�P����S�89���X+�"�"JM2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(J(�p)M�#UM�' s�M�&)*�(�*�+���(%52� ��#�g��2+�,�#�(�+���(����R-0M�'����S�:9���X&)M2#��%M2&�'�(2'���*��NM�(����S�;����X+���(2��A�+ (�#UM2&�')(2'���*2��M�(����S�B9� � C�b � g�f�+��2& "�# C�hJg�f�+���& "�#)C�h%o�f�+��2&�"�#)C�hJo�f�+��2& "�#)C�h����S�F9�=<�<Z��*�#�+ (�#%+J(2+�@2��#%& 5�" *2��5�(�(2�N,�#�'U5�&)*Q� &�,�M2+ *2��' &������S�G9�=1)(2+�@2��#9-{"�+)(����S�S9� � ���� bI#���#���(�*�&)�����S�V9�=<�<JM2��+���#%#���#��)(�*�&���'%+)(I+I'�#��)5�g "�#)52�N�2#�"J? *2�)"Z&)5JM2&�����(2'��������V����=<�<I&��2#�'�#���(�&)*Z&)5�( /�#�( !�@2#I+���"I��+����N!2��+)(�#�( /�#J(2�N,�#U!���(2�������V234�=<�<%( /2# pJ/���(�(�/2#%+��2&�"�#����V�89�=1�+ *�*2��A�+��)(2�N,2#�-X"�+)(����V�:9� �K C%M�/�� �C�K � � ��K%"�� /�� ����b��Zf "�� /�� <�3)��hzv2K����V�;�� �K)C%*� �C�K � � +)( /2&�"�#)C ��KI+��2& "�# C ����b��I��-X��BJv2K����V�B9� r ���� " *2��5�(�s�#���#���(�*�&��`c\f)*2>���&�']cXM�/D��e)h4j f)*2>�'��N��cXM�/D��e)h�e����V�F9� r ���� " *2��5�(�s��N��52&)* ,2+)(�� &���c��\" *2��5�(2g)(2�N,2# ��j{(2�N,�#�e����V�G9� <�< _7*�+ "�a _\�N,�a _0,�����*�&�' #��)a����V�S9� � ��� �Nf�M�/���h f *�h f)(2��,2#�h �����V�V9� b� v�v2K�23������ <�<I' #)M2+)*�+)(2#�"�+)(�+%5�&)*�"��)5�5�#)*�#)��(JM�/��U@�pJ@2��+���|I�����2#�23���34� � ����23���89�b��v�v2K�23���:9�=<�<Z� ��&�'�#UM2&�'�(�'���*2�NM�(%52� ��#�23���;����7"�#�+���(JM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(�23���B9���{����&�' #UM�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(�23���F9���7"�#�� M�&�'�(2'��)*2�NM�(�23���G9��y ��� t��

Page 63: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� ����� ������� �

��������� ����� � ����� �"!#�

� %(' U .�O WYX®+�-7. N 4 U N W R �_S�� N �YS

�w5x 4 � � � w 1 � �G� �F|2�.y�{|)��w2�x*� |��Fw@�|�w 1 y�{| � � � :��F< �a}kY�� 4 � y>}$w5~-w 1 y�{| G �KJ G�L J�*{ � Yd7|Fx®� � ~~Gw&y d7| � x>}$~(y>|���{|�x�| � L/y®}�� � _ � } 4 � d 4 |Yw2~�x>|� (�|���y � � ~�� �$) y>w ) � � y>|_2|�x>��}�w2~�}�� � | � y\}�~?y�{| J�G � x>| � w5��}$y�w2x0W�� pgi�sF` � dZl&�Itgfjk=^ w2~®y�{G|P� wmY � �y�|Fx te^hd������d\aFm(lAs �z��fnt4�� %ML � S R -sS� +54�� M 4��XFS � S�� N 4,0;- R W � -U. N 4G�{| 1 w 4k4 w T }�~$[ JKJ�J �>� x>} � y T � ��|�Y � 4 w;W2|��Ty�wTx�|�� w2~4��y>x��G� yPy�{G| _5|Fx�y�| i�� w2}�~(y � ~G�4 � d7w2x � y�w5xHWT| H |��!y>}$w5~ � ~l[ 4 | v �a|�|?��|�� y�}�w2~ N4� N4� 8 R!� L/y)� � 4 �F� 4 � y�|��Py>{|®x>|�[5x�|�����}�w2~ 4 }$~|`y�y�}�~$[)y>{|�x � �;} � 4 � w(�a}$y�}�w2~4�\w 1 y>{|���}kY�� 4 � y>|��?y�x � � �?� w2}�~5y*� � G�{|�W � x>|���� �� 4 }$|��Y}�~� y>{x>|F| ) � w 4 �lY�~�y>| i yc` 4 |5� T {|Fx>|�� � y ��1 x>wmY ���G�F�F|��>�a}k_2|�|�_2|�~(y>� � x�|��a| �G� x � y>|��`d�W �d 4 � ~ � 4 }�~| ������������������ ��!�"�#%$)52'�(�*�#�+�,6-7/21������34��������� ��!�"�#%$�� &�')(�*�#�+�,.-0/21������89�H�N��(%,2+�����c �N��(Z+)*�?��]j��N/2+)*2>�>J+)*�? ADe�f������:9� ��52'�(�*2#�+�,Q�N��52� ��#4c +)*�? A`_ 3�a2e�E������;�� � &���'�(Q�N��(%� � �2& "�#�' T�P�;�SRE������B9� � &���'�(I"�&�!�@2��#J" *2��5�( � #���?�( /IP�8 ;��REm<�<�_0,�,�a������F9� � &���'�(I"�&�!�@2��#%+��2& "�# �2�)" (�/2TJP%" *���5�( � #)��? ( /2<)� � �2& "�#�' T4E������G9� �N��(Z�N!�*�*�#���( � �2& "�#RE������S9� "�&�!�@2��#�*`_0� � �2& "�#�'�T aRE������V9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(2+�s)*`_0� � �2& "�#�' T aRE���23)��� 5�&)*xc ����(Q�)P��REm� $�� � �2& "�#�' T4Em�)o�o2e�f���23�34� *`_\�)a PI�RE���23 8 "�#��)(�+�s)*6_d�)a%PI�RE���23 :9� h���23);�� "�&�!�@2��#J[�s)A�# *�(�# WRE���23 B9� "�&�!�@2��#J"�#��)(2+�s [�s)A2#)*�(�# W9E���23 F9� ��&���?���b�A�#���(�'�P��RE�<�<U��!�,�@2#)*I& 5Z#)A�#)��(���23 G9� ��&���?�� � �2& "�#�'�P��RE�<�<U��!�,�@2#)*I& 5Z+��2&�"�#�'J+)5�5�#���(�#�"�@�p%(�/2#%#)A�#)��(���23 S9� ��&���?J(2&)(�+���� � �2& "�#�W%P%�RE���23 V9� � /�� ��# c �N��52����#9-X?�&�& "Rc e�eUf����8���� ��5xc �N��52� ��#9-0M2#�# |9c ezP�P ������� eJf����8234� <�<I#)A�#���(J/2+�'�#���"�# "9j M�*�&���#�'�'%��(����8�89� � /D� ��# c �N��52� ��#9-0M2#�# |9c ezP�P�������� e��N��52� ��#9-d�)?)��&)*�#4c 3)�����Rj������� e�E����8�:9� ��5 cX� � ��& "�#�'J1��2e�f����8�;�� ��b�A2#���(2')o�oRE

% �

Page 64: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�����M� ������� ��� � ����� <F�� ���� ���� ����� % N����8�B9� <�<Z� +����N!���+)(�#%' ��&�M2#%+I+���"I+�W���'%�N��(�#)*2� #)M�(J@Q& 5%*�# ? *2#�'�'�� &)�Z���N�2#����8�F9� <�<%5�&)*%( /D��'J#)A�#)��(����8�G9� "�&�!�@2��#�'N!�,�W PI�RE����8�S9� "�&�!�@2��#�'N!�,�W�8JPI�RE����8�V9� "�&�!�@2��#�'N!�,�p PI�RE����:���� "�&�!�@2��#�'N!�,�W�p%PI�RE����:234� 5�&)*�c �N��(i�)P��REm��$�� � �2&�"�#�' T4E��)o�o2e�f����:�89� �)5xc{*`_d� a �7P���eJf����:�:9� '�!�,�W o�PZ�]E����:�;�� '�!�,�W�8Jo�PZ��>��4E����:�B9� '�!�,�p o�P%*`_d� aRE����:�F9� '�!�,�W�p%o�PZ��>�*6_d�)aRE����:�G9� h����:�S9� h����:�V9� "�&�!�@2��#Uv2#��)(�+JP%� � �2& "�#�'�>�'N!�,�W�8JgI'�!�,�W�>�'�!�,�WRE����;���� "�&�!�@2��#%+�P cX� � ��& "�#�'�>�'N!�,�W�pIg�'N!�,�W2>�'N!�,�p�e)<�v2#�� (�+4E����;�34� "�&�!�@2��#U@QP c 'N!�,2W�8�>�'N!�,�p�gI'�!�,�W�>�'�!�,�W�p2e <�v2#��)(2+4E����;�89� <�<Z� +����N!���+)(�#J+��2"I&�!�(�M�!�(%A�# *�(�# W%[Q� &�&)*�"��N�2+)(2#J+���&���? �2��( /���!�,�@2# *& 5I+)5�5�#���(�# "�+)�2& "�#�'%+���"%(�/2#)(�+%+)��?���#x_{"�# ?�a�& 5�*�# ?�*�#�'�'���&��Z���N��#����;�:9� [�s)A2#)*�(�# W�P c\g�@2<�+ o���-{B2e > +��2&�"�# �2�)"�( /2TJgJ" *���5�( � #)��? ( /2<�89-X�RE����;�;�� "�&�!�@2��#�( /�#)(�+JPZ+)(�+���c +�<�+��2&�"�# �2�)"�( /2T�e�E����;�B9� <�<�5�&)*�� � �2& "�#�')P�P23z[�s)A�#)*�(2# W �2� ����@2# �2+��9j�'��N��� #�*2# ? *�#�'�'�� &��I�����2#�'���+������;�F9� <�<%&��2� p%@2#�� +����N!2��+ (�# "J5�*2&�,Z8�& *%,2&)*2#J"�+)(�+�M2&��N��(�'����;�G9� <�<J"���*�(�p�/2+���|I(�&�52� W%( /���'R�����;�S9� �)5xcX� � ��& "�#�'J$I8�e�f����;�V9� [�s)A�#)*�(2# W%P%�RE����B���� (�/2#)(�+JPI�RE����B234� h����B�89� <�<�C�b � b �� b�C �2K�� ��K � �)b ����b��)b � �� ��b���+)(�( /�#�(2�N,2#I&)5I+)A2#)*�+ ?�����? ���������B�:9� ��&�!�(I$�$J� � �2&�"�#�'J$�$ � �U$�$%[�s A�#)*�(�#�W�$�$ � �U$�$�( /2#)(2+�$�$%#)��"��4E����B�;�� h����B�B9� <�<I#�,�M�(�pJ(�*�+��D'�� #���(�A�+)*2� +)@2��#�'U52&)*J�2# W�(Z#)A�#)��(����B�F9� � � �2& "�#�'JP��RE����B�G9� 5�& *�c �N��(Z�)P��RE�� $�� � �2& "�#�'�T4Ek�)o�o2eJf����B�S9� *`_d� a P��RE����B�V9� "�#�� (�+�s)*`_\�)aJP��RE����F���� h����F234� h%#���' #�f����F�89� <�<%*�#�+ "I#)A�#���(Z"�+)(�+����F�:9� �N��52� ��#I1�1��N!�*�*�#���( � �2& "�#4E����F�;�� �N��52� ��#I1�1�*`_d��!�*�*�#���( � �2& "�# aRE����F�B9� �N��52� ��#I1�1J"�#�� (�+�s)*`_\�N!�*�*�#)��( � �2&�"�# aRE����F�F9� �N��52� ��#9-\�)?)�2&)*2#4c 3������Rj �������ue�E����F�G9� � � �2& "�#�' o�oRE����F�S9� h����F�V9� h����G���� *�#)( !�*��I�RE����G234�=h

Page 65: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

� � � � ����� ��� �

� P � J�� ����������������� ��!#"$� �%�%���&!&�(' W ^*),+.-&/ f 021 %43*58%765h48 ) 1 3D 1 3 � G:9 '*;<�(= _ ' >?�2=A@ W���[J 9 =CB�� [ � \ >D'��D��� P ��EFE� 8 � G ��GH� W '�> ) dJI B?K I B?K%�ML 8 0 %�,$h&gN3O5�P ��N @ 9 'Q!&=A@D=��F�R� G ' I$d �(' >Q� P �FE N� � � s �TSU�VSW= [ �C=C� @X@D=Y�VGH�F�Z@D' >*@ 9 'Q�X=[� �V;<�(= _ ' >?�X=�@ W � � !��F>X@ 9 ' >D� P >2=�@2=[� 9 J\��� I$Yd =[�(�J]���4��!4�(� 8 !&! N� N�� �^�4�,� [ ' �_� s =[�D�X'�>X@?�.@2=C���`�(� I(9 > )a;<�(= _ ' >?�2=A@Nb�.@ P �&B 9cI$Y �4SW' > Y � � W � 8 !,! �� % �ed*� Gf� P � �[!&=��`��L 58%�8] + 6Y5�gh3 1Zi � - g / 8 + 0<j 8 + g 6Y5 1 %(3 � \ ' > [ � Y ��� \ >2'Q�2���AP � lP� �kSU��� I(l >D'�B 9 @�� G � L ;<G � � \ >2= _ �.@D'QJ\� Y YmI �(=[B � @2=C���� WN� \ �n"7���C!&'��R�:dk� Go�np`��=�>?!^��q 3O6 - f g 1Xi 65h48z, + 0 6_5 +./W+ % f 6 1 6 + / g 0D1 3?3r3 8?g 6Y5 1 %(31Xi 6Oh(8 NQs 5utwvnxº% y�zDz�{ 0 8 + gh6_5 1 % + 6 + 3O6 021 ,lh�gN3O5�g +./w/ g 0 8 / 8 | + %46n8F%�8 0 '�5�8O3 � G � L ;�G ���'��2'�� >?B 9F\ >2� l �M�2���^� � mN4�

}&~c~ A:� ��� ~M�(�c� � ~c�%����� �z�2� � � A �&� A �4���M�(���M� A*A � � -&�c��� � -c�c�F�z� A � �� E � G � Y<��� 9 =C��� @2� 8 6 + /�� � ! I Bh�_� \,9c� ���(d��(�%�uvY� !,! �c�n�F��� BO� ��� � B� � �eGf� G '�>D�F�2�N�:� 8 6 + /�� ��d��Z@D>����4�������Pv_� �F�( Q�n�c¡ � � �c¡ �

�  �� � }&~c~M¢ � ��� £c£c£ � ~c�%�Q� � ���?� ��  �  �eSU�N� I(l >2'QB 9 @Q� s �.SW=�¤F��=C� @2@2=_�.¥¦�Qd<��� I !&> I(§ �.pn��¨ I B 9 �©� �4�R� ª%� ¥¦�N«(�N¬^�N¨W� �e�N« I �A�@D���R�.­J�N®J=�>?B 9 �('�>��Qdk� Go�Np`� =C>?!^�Q¥¦� s �QG I �*¯ � �Z°\>D� �w@Q�Q�e� ± l ' �4� 9 �N�e�NGo� Gf�Q¥V� �

² ���R�R�4�%¥¦'���>D�2���`��SU�Rª 9 ' ³�'�>��R���4!H¥¦�%"7���C!(' �R´eµ 6 + 6 - 3 1Xi 6w¶48H· j<¸c¹`ºr»¼q %4½% -&/�+ 0 ) ¶ + ��?8 0eih1 0 6¾¶(8f· 0 + g?P 58%(' + %�¿ ¸ ¿F8 %�6Y5 À]g + 6_5 1 % 1Zi ) ¶ + 0 'F8?¿ÂÁ + 0 6Y5�g / 8h3t · q ) · ¸ ) y ��� I ¯(��=A@2@2'�!r@D�Ã� I >Q�(¥ 9c� � �&���&�n� ² � =C�C��¯(�C'��F�Ä>D'�Å I 'Q�Z@

�   �.� }&~c~M¢ � ��� ~(� � ~%� �k� ~M�%�����4Æ �D� ��  �� ��ÇU�.GÈ= § ��= 8h6 +./�� �MÉ I B �Y�NÊu�4�X@2>Q�Q���4!kGÈ' @ 9 �.=C�*¥ 9M� ���Q��'����Qd*�N�%Ë`ÌQv  �Í�ÍFÍF�, �  �.�   ����   � �J«]��ª(� I �C=Y��É I B �Y�(Êu���Z@D>��(���4!#GÈ'h@ 9 �(=C�#¥ 9c� ���&��'����4d*��Ë�Î��uv  QÍ�Íc¡ �]Ï �(  � Ï�� ��  QÏ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �Ð�.�c�4� � ~c���Q� ��Æ �?� ��  �Ñ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �Ð�.�c�4� � ¢%�c� �D� } � �&�Q�%Ò�  N¡ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �(�c��~ �?� ÒF�FÓ �D� }�   E �Jpn�n¨ I B 9 �©� �4�R� {�8.Ôs,^ÕÖ8 /�+ 3O6_5�gÂ3hg + 6Y6u8 0 58%@' ��­���ÊZ;�GH«×��'��2'���>DB 9 ¥,>D� l �F�D� �_�

}&~c~M¢ � ��� ~M�(�c� � ~c�%������Æ �2� � � �QÓc~(Ò �MÓ4�M� � ¢&�&� ¢4�&���c�(��Ø&�N�FÙ�� � � Ú Ò&Ø Æ��QÓ(�c� � ¢(�FÆÏFÏ

Page 66: 0 /1 32 45 7698;:= ?@? Atactic.triumf.ca/publications/kirchner_report.pdfFD

�������������� ���� � Ï�Ñ

�  �Í � }&~c~M¢ � ��� £c£c£ � ~c�%�Q� ��Æ �?� � � �F��� � � �M��� � Ø.}4�Q��Ò � }&~.�^�� � � � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �M�(���(��Ó � ~M�%�����4Æ �D� �� �   � }&~c~M¢ � ��� ~M�(�c� � ~c�%������Æ �2� �� ���.�eSU��� I(l >D'�B 9 @�´ j 8+, 1 0 6aÕ���� º , 0 8h3?3 - 0 8758%4|.8O3O6_5�' + 6Y5 1 %(3 �k­���ÊZ;�GH«]��GH� >?B 9� ���MÏ �n� ² � =C�[� ¯(�C'J���Ä>2'QÅ I '��X@� � � � ��� ������� ;<�2' ><S I =[!&'F��°�±WGª4±Wp7Êu�4B������ ������ � � � }&~c~M¢ � ��� £c£c£ �?� �N�`� �&� �?� �N� � ¢&�&�M� � � ~4� � Æ&ÒQ�%�M�.Ù� � Ï �Jd*�,¥¦' =[�X'�>X@Q�n� ��! «]�nª&� I ��=_���*0 5 i 6 + %%¿ � 5 � - 3O5 1 % 1Zi � / 8Dg 6 021 %43r58%�� + 3 8h3hÕ q

) 1 \,%5 /�+ 6_5 1 % �^°]�\��É E � � � E �  �Í E �� � Ñ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �(�F�cÆ�� Ò&�F� � £ Ò�Ù �?� Ò��MÓ �?� } � �c�F�cÆ��.Òc�F�� � ¡ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� � ��Ó��N����~ �D� Ò��MÓ �?� } � £ �%��~(Ò��F¢ � �%���FÙ4�M��~ � � E � }&~c~M¢ � ��� �(Òc� Ó&~ �U� £ Ò�Ù �?� ÒF�FÓ �?� } � �(Òc�.Ó&~ �� � Í �eª^�%d<¤��M�Z@D=��('����C= 8h6 + /�� �`É I Bh�_��Êu���Z@D>��%� �4! GÈ'h@ 9 �%=��7¥ 9c� � ����'����^dk�`����� vY� �����M�� Ï � � �F���� ��� � � � �"!$#&% ;<�2' >(' ��S I =C!&'J�¾�F>�d l(l ��=[B � @2=C��� s ' ² ' �C� l ' >?���}&~c~M¢ � ��� �(Òc� Ó&~ �U� £ Ò�Ù �?� ÒF�FÓ �?� } � �(Òc�.Ó&~ � ��) �+* ��Ò����-,&� � ���%Ò Óc~�� �

* ��ÒF��� ) �^�.�&Ò(� ��. �F�0/M¢M¢��&� � ��~%�.��Ó0,(Ò+1cÒ&�F��¢(Ò�� � }&~.�^� � �QÓc�&Ò �z� }c~ ���� �(  �32m� É*�4Ê ² � ��B 9 ' �(KF� 8 6 + /�� �%°]�\��É�� Í�Í �   �   �cªc' l @2'��*¯�' >  QÍ�Í�Í� � �.�32m� É*�4Ê ² � ��B 9 ' �(KF� 8 6 + /�� �%°]�\��É�� Í�Í � �F��� �MÉ<� ² ' �m¯�'�>  �Í�ÍFÍ� ��� � � � �"!$#&% ¥ 9c� �X=[B �:��' �¾' >D' �4B 'eGH� � I ���Y�42V'�>D�2=��F� ¡ � � � s 'QBh'��*¯�' ><� �F� � �

}&~c~M¢ � ��� �(Òc� Ó&~ �U� £ Ò�Ù �?� ÒF�FÓ �?� } � �(Òc�.Ó&~ � ��) �+* ��Ò����-,&� � ���%Ò Óc~�� �* ��ÒF��� ) �^�.�&Ò(� ��5 }46��&� � �(7(ÒFÆcÒF�&Ò�Ó � Ò+8c��ÓM�4�c� � ¢M�%��Ó&~ �5 }46��&� � �97(ÒMÆcÒF�(Ò�Ó � Ò+8&��ÓF�4�c� ����� ¢c�cÆ

� � � �J¨W� �a;*�]� I �(¤�'F� Á,¶4:N3?5�P +./ 5[3hg?¶(8h3 q % i&;+ %('M8 0 , 0 + P 6Y5�P - ��;��4= ² ' >?�X=�@Qb� @r®J���4�X@D��� § �}&~c~M¢ � ��� ��¢ � ¢c}46��&�(< � �cÓ���=><(��Ó��N~(� Ó � �&Ò � � I �('k� ���FÏ

� �FÏ � }&~c~M¢ � ��� £c£c£ � �.�%�h� � ���>�