DRIVING AND MOBILITY

1. INTERSTATE FREEWAYS - A. FREE B. TOLL 2. MAJOR DIVIDED HIGHWAYS

3. SECONDARY HIGHWAYS

4. LOCAL ROADS A. COUNTY ROADS B. MUNICIPAL STREETS AND ROADS

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS County road

Interstate highway

Major divided highway

Dirt road

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS

THE MAIN GOAL OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IS TO MOVE PEOPLE AND GOODS FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER AS SAFELY AS POSSIBLE.

TO UNIFY THE TRAFFIC LAWS FROM STATE TO STATE.

THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (HTS)

THERE ARE 3 PARTS OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM:

1. VEHICLES- TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF ALL

VEHICLES 2. PEOPLE – THE LICENSING OF ALL PEOPLE WHO

ARE ELIGIBLE TO OBTAIN A DRIVING

LICENSE. 3. ROADWAYS- TO ENSURE SAFE HIGHWAY DESIGNS

THE COMPONENT PART OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

1. PAVED – A. CONCRETE B. ASPHALT

2. GRAVEL

3. DIRT

4 UNDER CONSTRUCTION

TYPE OF ROADWAYS

1. VISIBILITY - REFERS TO WHAT YOU CAN SEE FROM

BEHINDTHE WHEEL AND HOW WELL YOU CAN SEE IT. IT ALSO REFERS TO THE ABILITY OF OTHER DRIVERS TO SEE YOU.

2. TIME - INVOLVES THE ABILITY TO JUDGE YOUR

SPEED AND THE SPEED OF OTHER VEHICLES .

MANAGING TIME, SPACE & VISIBILITY

3. SPACE – REFERS TO DISTANCE. KEEPING YOUR

VEHICLE AT A GOOD SAFETY MARGAIN. A SPACE CUSHION AROUND YOUR VEHICLE

OF 3 TO 5 SECONDS.

MANAGING TIME, SPACE & VISIBILITY

DRIVING SYSTEMSTHE SMITH SYSTEM OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING 1950’SDEVELOPED BY HAROLD SMITH

FORD MOTOR CO. EXECUTIVE

5 STEP PROCESS:

AIM HIGH – USE THE 15 SECOND RULE (LOOK FAR DOWN

THE ROAD, NOT JUST RIGHT IN FRONT OF THE CAR).

KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING – DON’T STARE DOWN THE MIDDLE OF THE

ROAD MOVE YOUR EYES SIDE TO SIDE.

THE SMITH SYSTEM

GET THE BIG PICTURE – LOOK FOR HAZARDS (15 SECONDS AHEAD) (OTHER MOTORISTS, PEDESTRAINS,

VEHICLES, BICYCLES, ETC.)

LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT – MONITOR THE SPACE CUSHION

AROUND VEHICLE

THE SMITH SYSTEM

MAKE SURE OTHERS CAN SEE YOU – USE YOUR SIGNALS- DIRECTIONAL,

HEADLIGHTS, BRAKE LIGHTS, HORN MAKE EYE CONTACT.

THE SMITH SYSTEM

IPDETHIS DRIVING SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED IN THE 1960’S.THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR

I – STANDS FOR IDENTIFY YOU MUST LOCATE HAZARDS AND

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS. IDENTIFY objects or conditions within 12-

15 seconds ahead OF YOU

THIS IS IPDE

P stands for PREDICT PREDICT what may happens based on

your observations and prepare for what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident.

DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

THIS IS IPDE

P stands for PREDICT PREDICT what may happen based on your

observations and prepare what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident.

DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

THIS IS IPDE

D – STANDS FOR DECIDE DETERMINE WHAT YOU NEED TO DO BASED

ON YOUR PREDICTION

THIS IS IPDE

E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE CARRY OUT YOUR DECISION POSSIBLE ACTIONS:1. ADJUSTMENTS OF SPEED (ACCELERATION, SLOWING OR STOPPING)2. ADJUSTMENTS OF POSITION (CHANGING LANE POSITION OR COMPLETELY

CHANGING DIRECTION)

THIS IS IPDE

SIPDE

THIS DRIVING SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED IN THE 1970s.THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR

S - STANDS FOR SEARCH –

KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING AT ALL TIMES. SEARCHING PROVIDES YOU A MEANS OF

LOOKING FOR HAZARDS.

THERE ARE 3 GROUPS OF HAZARDS YOU NEED TO BE AWARE OF:

1. CARS, TRUCKS AND OTHER VEHICLES2. PEDESTRIANS AND ANIMALS3. STATIONARY OBJECTS

THIS SIPDE THING

I – STANDS FOR IDENTIFY YOU MUST LOCATE HAZARDS AND

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS. IDENTIFY objects or conditions within 12-15 seconds ahead OF YOU

THIS SIPDE THING

P stands for PREDICTPREDICT what may happen based on your observations and prepare what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident.

DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

THIS SIPDE THING

D – STANDS FOR DECIDE DETERMINE WHAT YOU NEED TO DO BASED

ON YOUR PREDICTION

THIS SIPDE THING

E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE CARRY OUT YOUR DECISION POSSIBLE ACTIONS:1. ADJUSTMENTS OF SPEED (ACCELERATION, SLOWING OR

STOPPING)2. ADJUSTMENTS OF POSITION (CHANGING LANE POSITION OR

COMPLETELY CHANGING DIRECTION)

THIS SIPDE THING

THE SAFE METHOD

THE SAFE METHOD FOR DRIVING WAS DEVELOPED IN THE EARLY 2000’S TO COME UP WITH A NEWER AND NOT SO OUT-DATED METHOD OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING.THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR:

S – STANDS FOR SCAN KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING AT ALL TIMES TO

EFFECTIVELY SEE IMMINENT DANGER

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING

A – STANDS FOR ASSESS IDENTIFY OR LOCATE POTENTIAL THREATS (ROADWAY FEATURES) TAKE NOTICE OF

HAZARDS THAT COULD CAUSE YOU TROUBLE.

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING

F – STANDS FOR FIND TO FIND “AN OUT” AN ESCAPE ROUTE

THAT ALLOWS YOU TO AVOID A COLLISION.

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING

E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE EXECUTE A SAFE COURSE OF ACTION TO

AVOID A DANGEROUS SITUATION.

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING

THE 5 CHARACTERISTICS OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING:

KNOWLEDGE - A GOOD DRIVER WILL HAVE A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRAFFIC LAWS.

ALERTNESS – A GOOD DRIVER IS ALERT TO WHAT IS GOING ON AROUND THEM.

DEFENSIVE DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS

ANTICIPATION - GOOD DRIVERS ANTICIPATE WHAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN, AND THEY TAKE ACTION TO AVOID MANY PROBLEMS.

JUDGMENT - GOOD DRIVERS DO NOT MAKE RISKY MANEUVERS LIKE TRYING TO BEAT A RED LIGHT.

SKILL – THEY HAVE THE TECHNICAL SKILLS TO OPERATE A VEHICLE SAFELY THROUGH TRAFFIC. THEY CAN HANDLE HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS.

DEFENSIVE DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS

DRIVER FATIGUE

It is the general term used to describe the experience of feeling sleepy, tired, or exhausted when driving a vehicle.

WHAT IS DRIVER FATIGUE?

Heavy eyelids. Tired or sore eyes. Poor concentration. Yawning. Restlessness. Drowsiness. Slow reaction.

Boredom. Feeling irritable. Missing road signs. Having difficulty

staying in the lane/over steering.

Succumbing to micro sleeps.

Symptoms May Include:

How can you prevent driver fatigue-related fatalities? Good nights sleep.

Pull over and stop.

Napping.

Nutrition.

Stay hydrated

Affects of medication.

Adjust environment.

Radio usage.

Do not use cruise control.

Remember, once fatigue sets in—sleep is the only cure!

DRIVER FATIGUE

WHAT IS HIGHWAY HYPONSIS?

HIGHWAY HYPONSIS

Highway hypnosis is a very dangerous situation that really occurs when you're driving, generally late at night; generally on lonely stretches of road where there's a lack of mental stimulation.

HIGHWAY HYPONSIS

The best way to stay aware while driving is to constantly look around. You should be checking your speedometer periodically anyway, as well as your rear-view mirror and side view mirrors. Staying aware of any changes in road markers, such as a two-lane road becoming a one-lane road, is very important when driving long distances.

WAYS TO AVOID FALLING ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL.

AVOID EATING HEAVY MEALS BEFORE TRAVELING

GET PLENTY OF SLEEP THE NIGHT BEFORE PLAY THE RADIO COOL THE TEMPERATURE OF THE CAR

DOWN DRINK COFFEE STOP AT A REST AREA AND WALK AROUND

OR JUST TAKE A NAP.

WAYS TO AVOID FALLING ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL.