1. label where oxidation and reduction have occurred. 2. in atp, where is the energy contained? 3....
TRANSCRIPT
1. Label where oxidation and reduction have occurred.
2. In ATP, where is the energy contained? 3. Which of the following is true regarding redox
reactions? a. Oxidizing agents accept electrons. b. A molecule that accepts electrons is said to be
reduced. c. Redox reactions involve neutron transfers. d. All of the above
2/9 Daily Catalyst Pg. 80 Citric Acid Cycle
1. Label where oxidation and reduction have occurred.
2. In ATP, where is the energy contained? In the phosphate bonds (3) 3. Which of the following is true regarding redox
reactions? a. Reducing agents accept electrons. b. A molecule that accepts electrons is said to be
reduced. c. Redox reactions involve neutron transfers. d. All of the above
2/9 Daily Catalyst Pg. 80 Citric Acid Cycle
Quiz #20 (mini-test) on Friday Energy, glycolysis, CAC, and the ETC
Quiz #19 on Tuesday Friday-Tuesday information
Review packet over Mardi Gras Break Tutoring available Study sheets
Due February 2/27
2/9 Class Business Pg. 80 Citric Acid Cycle
The official colors of Mardi Gras have meanings. Purple is for justice, gold is for power and green is for faith. These were chosen by the Grand
Duke of Russia in 1857.
2/9 Fun Fact
Daily Catalyst Class Business Glycolysis review CAC notes
Homework: read AND outline concept 9.4
2/9 Agenda Pg. 80 Citric Acid Cycle
2/19 Objective
The student is able to construct explanations of the mechanisms and structural features of cells that allow organisms to capture, store
or use free energy.
2 NAD+
NADH2
+ 2 H+
Triose phosphatedehydrogenase
2 P i
2P C
CHOH
O
P
O
CH2 O
2 O–
1, 3-Bisphosphoglycerate2 ADP
2 ATP
Phosphoglycerokinase
CH2 O P
2
C
CHOH
3-Phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglyceromutase
O–
C
C
CH2OH
H O P
2-Phosphoglycerate
2 H2O
2 O–
Enolase
C
C
O
PO
CH2
Phosphoenolpyruvate2 ADP
2 ATP
Pyruvate kinase
O–
C
C
O
O
CH3
2
6
8
7
9
10
Pyruvate
O
Figure 9.8 B
Key Point #5: Glycolysis summary: Begin with 1 glucose end with 2 ATP’s, 2
pyruvates, and 2 NADH’s
Next, pyruvates head straight to the mitochondria!
End products
Key Point #6: Substrate-level phosphorylation: Enzymes transfer a phosphate group from a substrate to
ADP ATP Occurs in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Enzyme Enzyme
ATP
ADP
Product
SubstrateP
+
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Kn6BVGqKd8
An overview of cellular respiration
Figure 9.6
Electronscarried
via NADH
GlycolsisGlucos
ePyruvate
ATP
Substrate-levelphosphorylation
Electrons carried via NADH and
FADH2
Citric acid cycle
Oxidativephosphorylation:
electron transport and
chemiosmosis
ATPATP
Substrate-levelphosphorylation
Oxidativephosphorylation
MitochondrionCytosol
Reading Quiz Name: ___________ Date: 2/9 Score: ________/4
1. What molecule is essential for pyruvate to enter the CAC?
2. Where does the CAC take place in the cell? 3. How much ATP is produced in the CAC? 4. Most of the ATP generation comes from what two
molecules?
Pg. 80 CAC
Pg. 80 CAC
Concept 9.3: The citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules
Key Point #1: The citric acid cycle (CAC) Occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria
Before the citric acid cycle can begin,Pyruvate must first be converted into Acetyl CoA
CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION
NADH + H+NAD+
2
31
CO2 Coenzyme APyruvate
Acetyle CoA
S CoA
C
CH3
O
Transport protein
O–
O
O
C
C
CH3
Figure 9.10
Key Point #3: Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA. 1 CO2 and 1 NADH are created.
• (2) pyruvates 2 Acetyl CoA’s = 2 CO2 and 2 NADH
An overview of the citric acid cycle
ATP
2 CO2
3 NAD+
3 NADH
+ 3 H+
ADP + P i
FAD
FADH2
Citricacidcycle
CoA
CoA
Acetyle CoA
NADH+ 3 H+
CoA
CO2
Pyruvate(from glycolysis,2 molecules per glucose)
ATP ATP ATP
Glycolysis Citricacidcycle
Oxidativephosphorylation
Figure 9.11
Figure 9.12
Acetyl CoA
NADH
Oxaloacetate
CitrateMalate
Fumarate
SuccinateSuccinyl
CoA
a-Ketoglutarate
Isocitrate
Citricacidcycle
S CoA
CoA SH
NADH
NADH
FADH2
FAD
GTP GDP
NAD+
ADP
P i
NAD+
CO2
CO2
CoA SH
CoA SH
CoAS
H2O
+ H+
+ H+ H2O
C
CH3
O
O C COO–
CH2
COO–
COO–
CH2
HO C COO–
CH2
COO–
COO–
COO–
CH2
HC COO–
HO CHCOO–
CH
CH2
COO–
HO
COO–
CH
HC
COO–
COO–
CH2
CH2
COO–
COO–
CH2
CH2
C O
COO–
CH2
CH2
C O
COO–
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Glycolysis Oxidativephosphorylation
NAD+
+ H+
ATP
Citricacidcycle
Figure 9.12
A closer look at the citric acid cycle
Key Point #4: FADH2 Coenzyme Electron
shuttle Not as
energetic as NADH
X2
End Products
Key Point #5 Reactants:
2 pyruvate molecules2 Acetyl CoA Products: 2 ATP
How? Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
Electron shuttles? 6 NADH’s 2 FADH2’s
6 CO2’s 4 from CAC and 2 from conversion step
Before the citric acid cycle can begin,Pyruvate must first be converted into Acetyl CoA
CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION
NADH + H+NAD+
2
31
CO2 Coenzyme APyruvate
Acetyle CoA
S CoA
C
CH3
O
Transport protein
O–
O
O
C
C
CH3
Figure 9.10
Video Clip
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-cDFYXc9Wko
So far…
Glycolysis and the CAC have produced how many molecules of ATP? 4 ATP per glucose How?
Substrate-level phosphorylation Electron shuttles?
10 NADH’s 6 from CAC and 2 from glycolysis 2 from Pyruvate Acetyl CoA
2 FADH2’s from CAC
Reading Quiz Name: ___________ Date: 2/9 Score: ________/4
1. What molecule is essential for pyruvate to enter the CAC? Oxygen
2. Where does the CAC take place in the cell? Mitochondria
3. How much ATP is produced in the CAC? 2 by substrate-level phosphorylation
4. Most of the ATP generation comes from what two molecules? NADH and FADH2
Pg. 80 CAC