© 2008 mindtree consulting© 2010 mindtree limited creating an event-driven soa madhusudhan km...

© 2008 MindTree Consulting© 2010 MindTree Limited

Creating an Event-Driven SOA

Madhusudhan KMChief Architect & Head – Central Architecture Group, IT Services, MindTree Ltd

© 2010 MindTree Limited

Topics

Concepts, Sample Use case & EDA characteristics

EDA Reference Architectures

Present & Future applications of EDA

Major players in EDA

Summary & Conclusion

Slide 2


Event driven world

We all live in an event driven world

All animals along with human beings respond to events of two types ; opportunities & threats

Zebras on the savannah sense and respond to the opportunity of a water hole or the threat of a lion.

Banks track credit card usage to stop fraudulent charges as they occur

We pick telephone calls when it rings. We do not pick other’s telephone (usually)…sometimes, we also filter our own calls if the number if unknown

We have cognitive sensors and filters that help us to concentrate on events that are important to us and ignore events that are not related to us (or at least we think they are not related !!)

Slide 3

Are enterprises using sensors to respond to business opportunities and to fight threats at right

time ??

© 2010 MindTree Limited Slide 4

Events – Airline Use Case

Flight gets

delayed

• I will miss my connecting flight• I will have to cancel my hotel

reservation and car rental booking

• I will have to cancel my meetings

• We can’t serve the next flight to start from destination of this flight

• Ground operations staff at destination will have to arrange alternate crew

• Make sure the passengers are accommodated on the next connecting flight

• Book hotels for passengers if the wait time is more than six hours

BLR-Dubai-LHR

Dubai AirportCabin crew to serve another flight in Dubai


Event - Flight delayed

Impact on passenger traveling for business purposes

Might miss a connecting flight

Might need to cancel/change hotel reservation & car rental reservation

Might need to cancel/postpone a meeting

Impact on Airline

The flight crew may miss their next flights. The flights must be delayed or replacement crews assigned.

Crew members who are passengers on the current flight may not be available for their assigned flights.

Catering provider might have to be notified of this event if the meal preparation should be delayed / cancelled.

If there are priority passengers on the flight, airlines may want to see how these priority passengers are affected and what could the airline do to reduce the inconvenience to priority passengers.

Slide 5



What is an Event ?

An event is a notable thing that happens inside or outside your business. An event (business or system) may signify a problem or impending problem, an opportunity, a threshold, or a deviation.

Examples

A financial trade

An airplane lands

A sensor outputs a reading

A change of state in a database or a finite state machine

A key stroke

A natural occurrence such as an earthquake

Slide 6

Events – Concepts & Terms


Simple Event : Any event in its simplest form

Flight delay event

Complex Event : An event that is an abstraction of other events called its members.

The 1929 stock market crash – an abstraction denoting many thousands of member events, including individual stock trades)

The 2004 Indonesian Tsunami – an abstraction of many natural events

Derived event : An event that is generated as a result of applying a method or process to one or more other events.

An event reporting that company B has entered the bidding to take over A with probability 0.9, might be derived from an event reporting that the price of company A’s stock has jumped 10% in 5 minutes.

The absence of an event, say in a given time interval, can lead to a derived event reporting that the first event did not

Slide 7



Event Driven Architecture : An architectural style in which some of the components are event driven and communicate by means of events.

Simple Event Processing: In simple event processing, a notable event happens, initiating downstream action(s). Simple event processing is commonly used to drive the real-time flow of work—taking lag time and cost out of a business.

Stream Event Processing : In stream event processing, linearly ordered stream of events are processed

Events (orders, RFID transmissions, etc) are both screened for notability and streamed to information subscribers.

Stream event processing is commonly used to drive the real-time flow of information in and around the enterprise––enabling in time decision making

A stream may contain events of different types

Slide 8



Complex Event Processing : A sophisticated form of EDA that is used to extract the information value from multiple events.

CEP systems find patterns in event data to detect opportunities and threats. Timely alerts are then pushed to the appropriate recipients, often using Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) dashboards. The result is faster and better operational decisions and more timely responses.

In CEP, events usually across types, occur over long period of time

Event correlation can be casual / temporal / spatial

Few possible of application of CEP are Algorithmic trading, Fraud monitoring and detection, Global epidemic warning, Air traffic control, Self tuning databases, Adaptive middleware, etc.

Slide 9



Event Driven Architecture – Few characteristics

Model SOA EDA

Interaction Request – ResponseRequest – Callback

Sense - RespondPub – Sub

Invocation Client/user driven Event driven

Relationship 1 : 1Client : Service provider

1 : nEvent source : Event sinks

Flow Top downClient Service provider data

Complex flow



Event Producer

Event Management

Engine

Event Consumer

Event Consumer

Event Consumer

SMS to Passenger – Your Flight delayed ; You are booked on alternate flight

Trigger a business process in Airline reservations to take care of rebooking passengers who missed connecting flights

Trigger a business process in Flight operations to arrange new set of cabin crew for the flight to start at destination


Events – Tying concepts together

Event Hub

Event Producers

Event Consumers

Consumers receive events based on rules, filters, etc.

Producers could be business processes, services/transactions, state change in state of entity in DB, user actions on applications, etc

Consumers have no obligation to producers

Consumers are usually producers too


Events – Moving from Loose coupling to Minimal coupling

Event

Event

EventProcess Service Service

Legacy

Data Store

Service

Business Processes and Services are not hardwired…..instead, they are linked via events


Event Driven SOA – Reference Architectures


A framework for handling highly concurrent systems


Staged Event Driven Architecture - SEDA

Each Stage contains an incoming event queue, a thread pool, an event handler and a controller

Each stage can be independently managed

Stages can be run in series or in parallel or a combination of the two

Each stage is separated by a queue

Use of event queues allows each stage to be individually load conditioned by using proper thresholds


Benchmark of HTTP servers


Simple Event Processing

Source : Event-Driven Architecture Overview by Brenda M. Michelson, Sr. VP and Sr. Consultant, Patricia Seybold Group


Stream Event Processing



Complex Event Processing



Analyst driven BI

Ad-hoc queries, Periodic reports, data mining, etc

Output is mainly used for planning

Process driven BI

Some process driven BI systems use near real time information using BAM (Business Activity Monitoring)

Input for BAM is event data that arrived in the last few seconds/minutes

Historical data is used to put the new data in in context and to enrich the information before it is distributed

Strategy driven BI

Used to measure and manage overall business performance

Are we on track to meet our monthly target ?

Slide 23

Event Processing in Business Intelligence


Periodic intelligence v/s Continuous intelligence

Source : Event Processing : Designing IT systems for Agile companies by Mani Chandy & Roy Schutle

Event driven system sends alert when things occur and not based on predetermined schedule or upon receiving ad-hoc query

Reports complex events like exceptions events on KPI

They operate fast enough to allow operations staff to intervene in a transaction when it is still in flight


Few applications of EDA & CEP


Algorithmic trading

Algorithmic trading is achieved using computer algorithms deciding on aspects of the order such as timing, price & quantity of the order

CEP engines are now used to predict a trend to make use of both sides of the market (ups & downs)

As of 2006, a third of all EU and US stock trades were driven by automatic programs or algorithms

Multiple players in capital market segment are using CEP engines for algorithmic trading

Bluecrest, Wall street on demand (WSOD), SunGard, etc

Slide 26


Fraud detection

A 2006 CyberSource report stated that 2.8 billion USD was lost to online fraud in US & Canada in 2005

Requirements

Stop new account setups from fraudulent IP addresses

Verify user identity in every user transaction based on click behavior

Identify multiple users trying to login from same IP address

Identify single user logins from multiple IP addresses within a time span

Fraud detection systems enabled with CEP products are being used in Banks, Betting companies, Insurance companies, etc

In Banks, multiple withdrawals made from a card within a specific time interval from locations that are distance apart indicates a fraud

Slide 27


Air Traffic Control

Autonomous event-driven air traffic management system spanning the world.

Why is it needed ?Crowded air space

The technology used in ATC is dated (1960)

Slide 28

Source : The Future Event Driven World Scenario 1: Air Traffic Management by David Luckham


Business Intelligence

• Algorithmic Trading

• Fraud Detection• Event-Driven SOA• Business Activity

Monitoring• Supply Chain

Visibility

Autonomic Computing

• Self-tuning databases

• Planning systems• Self configuring

hardware and software systems

• Adaptive middleware

Travel Industry

• Air Traffic Control• Baggage Tracking

and Tracing• Passenger

Security• Automatic re-

accommodation• Intelligent

baggage tracking• Aircraft

maintenance based on real time information

Potential future applications

Slide 29


Health Care

• Global Epidemic Warning

• Hospital Patient Monitoring

• Home Monitoring Systems

• RFID In-Body Monitoring

Ambient Intelligence

• Smart Homes• Smart Cities• Personalized

Mobile Information Systems

Homeland Security

• Storm Evacuation Systems

• First Responder Systems

• Terrorism Situational Awareness

• Power, Fuel, and Water System Monitoring


Slide 30


Environmental Systems

• Wind Engineering• Weather Systems• Water Sources• Habitat

Conservation

Military Systems

• Command and control systems

• Physical Infrastructure Monitoring

Transportation Systems

• Traffic Management

• Produce Tracking Systems

• Truck Routing Systems


Slide 31


Major Players in EDA & CEP space


Event Pattern Matching

Event Stream Processing

Ability to support multiple event patterns

Filter, Enrich, Split, Aggregate, Correlate

SQL like Event Query Language support

Variety of event data storage options

Support for multiple event type representations like Java Object & XML

Multiple integration options

Tools for event modeling & visualization with rich IDE along with debugging features

Event history replay

JMX instrumentation

Ability to expose services and to integrate into ESB productsSlide 33

What to look for in EDA & CEP Products


EDA & CEP – Major Players

BusinessEvents

Oracle CEP ; Able to process 1 million events/sec with low latency

Apama Event Processing Platform ; Specialize in solutions to capital markets like Algorithmic trading, Smart order routing, etc Aleri Streaming Platform; Specialize in stream event processing

Event Processing Platform ; Specialize in stream event processing

Event Processing & CEP Platform ; Open source CEP platform

Vhayu Velocity : High performance solution used widely for tick data management allowing users to perform real-time and historical market data analysis in a single CEP platform.

Websphere Business Events

http://www.oracle.com/

http://www.streambase.com/index.htm

http://www.vhayu.com/


Organizations should gear up to sense opportunity and threat events from both inside and outside

Event Driven Architecture combined with SOA will enable organizations to achieve this

Technology products to support EDA+SOA are maturing

There are many interesting futuristic use cases that are possible in different domains

Slide 36


So…Let us sense this opportunity and respond by creating some interesting solutions


Acknowledgements

Understanding Event-Driven Architecture : Article by Roy Schutle and Dr K Mani Chandy

Event Processing Glossary by David Luckham, Roy Schulte

The Future Event Driven World Scenario 1: Air Traffic Management by David Luckham

A Design Framework for Highly Concurrent Systems by Matt Welsh, Steven D. Gribble, Eric A. Brewer, and David Culler, Computer Science Division University of California, Berkeley

SEDA: An Architecture for Well conditioned, Scalable Internet Services by Matt Welsh, David Culler, and Eric Brewer Computer Science Division University of California, Berkeley

Event-Driven Architecture Overview, Event-Driven SOA Is Just Part of the EDA Story by Brenda M. Michelson Sr. VP and Sr. Consultant, Patricia Seybold Group

Slide 37

© 2010 MindTree Limited Slide 38 © 2010 MindTree Limited

Madhusudhan KMChief Architect & Head – Central Architecture Group, IT Services,

MindTree [email protected]

+91- 99860 48076www.mindtree.com

Successful

Customers

Happy People

Innovative

Solutions

Successful

Customers

Happy People

Innovative

Solutions

Our Mission

© 2008 mindtree consulting© 2010 mindtree limited creating an event-driven soa madhusudhan km...

Documents

event business

notable event

event data

stream event processing

simple event processing

mindtree limited simple

derived event reporting

mindtree limited slide