2012 johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health joanna cohen, phd director, institute for...

2012 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Joanna Cohen, PhDDirector, Institute for Global Tobacco ControlBloomberg Professor of Disease PreventionJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Learning from the Experts: A Course for Healthcare ProvidersLearning from the Experts: A Course for Healthcare Providers

2012 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 2

Tobacco and Smokeless Tobacco Come in Many Forms

Images source: iStockphoto.com


Increase in Global Cigarette Consumption

Global cigarette consumption in one century increased over a hundredfold

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The World’s Smokers

Nearly two-thirds of the world’s smokers live in just ten countries

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Male Smoking Prevalence

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Female Smoking Prevalence

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Tobacco as a Risk Factor

Tobacco—the only risk factor shared by four major non-communicable diseases

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Tobacco useUnhealthy

diets

Lack of physical activity

Use of alcohol

Cardiovascular

Diabetes

Cancer

Chronic respiratory

Source: Tobacco Atlas. (2012). www.tobaccoatlas.org


Global Burden of Tobacco Past and Present

Tobacco killed 100 million people in the twentieth century

Tobacco use is now the world’s single leading preventable cause of death Kills more people than HIV/AIDS, TB, and malaria

combined Responsible for >15 percent of deaths among men and

7 percent among women Almost 6 million tobacco-caused deaths in 2011 Tobacco kills up to half of lifetime smokers Smokers die an average of 14 years earlier than

nonsmokers

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Sources: World Health Organization. (2008). WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER package. Geneva. http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/gtcr_download/en/index.html; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2002). Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs--United States, 1995-1999. MMWR, 51(14), 300-3. www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5114a2.htm


Future Global Burden of Tobacco

Without urgent action, 1 billion people will die from tobacco in the twenty-first century 500 million deaths among persons alive today Unchecked, worldwide deaths from tobacco products

will exceed 8 million a year by 2030

Every death from tobacco products is preventable!

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Source: World Health Organization. (2008). WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER package. Geneva. http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/gtcr_download/en/index.html


Vector of Disease

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Source: Cohen et al. (2010). AJPM, 39: 352-6.


Trend in Tobacco Production

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Global Cigarette Market Share, 2008

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CompanyCigarettes(billions)

Share of global market

China National Tobacco Company 2,143 38.3%

Philip Morris International 869 15.5%

British American Tobacco 830 14.8%

Japan Tobacco 612 10.9%

Imperial (UK) 329 5.9%

Altria/Philip Morris USA 169 3.0%

Korea Tobacco & Ginseng (S. Korea) 102 1.8%

RJ Reynolds 90 1.6%

Source: Callard. (2010). Tob Control, 19(4): 285-90.


Tobacco Company Revenue & Profits: Top 6 Companies

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Change in Affordability of Tobacco Products

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MPOWER

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Image source: World Health Organization. (2008). WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008. www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/2008/en/index.html


WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

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Closing Remarks

The tobacco epidemic will cause the most harm to low- and middle-income countries Tobacco use is growing fastest in these countries, fueled

by steady population growth

The tobacco industry is expanding its advertising, marketing, and promotion to the developing world

Many of these countries have fewer resources to respond to the health, social, and economic problems caused by tobacco use, which will exacerbate the tobacco epidemic’s impacts

This will create a “perfect storm” of future tobacco-caused disease and death, unless there is a strong response from the public health community

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2012 johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health joanna cohen, phd director, institute for...

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