54

Traditional medicine has been part of the public health system of the past and is well accepted by them; it is part of people's culture and plays a significant role in solving some of the cultural problems of health.Traditional medicine can easily be the helper of scientific and universal medicine. development and promotion is a tribute to the culture and heritage of people around the world.According to WHO theory, every human being is allowed to Determine your own treatment method and no process is allowed to impose, directly or indirectly, treatment or methods of treatment for others, and its violation is in fact a violation of human rights.Despite the increasing use of traditional medicine in the world Complementary, despite being rich in Iranian traditional medicine And very effective, as an independent medical school in Complementary medicine schools are not even named Many sources also refer to it as Arabic medicine Has been.Traditional medicine is still unknown in the Iranian medical community, but it is necessary for physicians to recognize it in the Iranian medical community and in the rest of the world, and for proper consultation with patients. Nowadays, traditional Iranian medicine with the name of Greek medicine, along with powerful counterparts such as modern medicine in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, etc .. has continued its existence over the last twenty years, once again being accepted by not only the general public but also the general public. There are medical experts and thinkers.There have also been many publishers in the field of traditional medicine who have been mentioned in detail in this journal.Finally, in a traditional way in Iran, it can create areas of mutual cooperation between different cultures of the world.

Seyed Hossein Abedini

Manager's note

54

76

Iranian medicine or Persian medicine has a long history about thousands years. Jundishapur University as the one of oldest academic center in the world (3rd century AD) was a breeding ground for the union among great scientists from different civilizations.This university successfully followed its predecessors’ theories and greatly extended its scientific research through history. The medical history of ancient Persia can be divided into two distinct periods; before and after Islam. Avesta as the holy book of zartosht (ancient religious of Persian before Islam) contains some of the earliest records of history of ancient Iranian medicine. The Vendidad in fact devotes most of the last chapters to medicine. The Vendidad, one of the surviving texts of the Zend-Avesta, distinguishes three kinds of medicine: medicine by the knife (surgery), medicine by herbs, and medicine by divine words; and the best medicine was, according to the Vendidad, healing by divine words. In the fourth century Shahpour-e-aval, from the Sasanian kingdom, established the scientific town called Jondi-Shapour and established the first academic medical education system in the world by inviting all Iranian and Greek physicians and establishing the JondiShapour hospital which was managed by the Iranian physicians.From the famous Iranian physicians we can name Rasis, Avicenna, Ahvazi, Aghili-e-Khorasani and Akhovini whose significant scientific services and enormous books brought the complicated mixed Greek medicine in order, and theoretical medicine was then turned to experimental and practical medicine. It was the time when Disease Science (Elm-al-Amraz), was established, which is about finding the main cause of the diseases, and was never thought about in Greek medicine. There are some examples about great Iranian physicians and their enormous capabilities:Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body), by Mansur ibnIlyas was the Persian language medical book contained comprehensive diagrams of the body›s structural, nervous and circulatory systems In the 14th century. Avicenna’s book, “Qanoon”, was taught over 700 years in European medical universities and it was translated to more than eighty different languages.1100 years ago Rasis set up a hospital in Ray. Medicine was taught to physicians just like today’s education systems and many sick people from around the world traveled to Iran and the city of Ray in order to be cured. Totally about 7000 medical reference books were compiled on Iranian medicine. Regrettably only about 1400 of these compiles exist in Iran and the others are kept in Europe and America, which are still used scientifically and in researches. Unluckily these are in one print only and therefore we are deprived from using them. As a matter of fact the main structure of today’s new medicine was built by Iranian physicians, even though there is no sign of them or their names in European and American medical books. (9, 10) also the Kitab al-hawi of Razi» («Continens») was among the important references

Traditional IranianMedicinehasHistory and introduction

76

and texts in Western medical education from the 13th to the 18th centuries.Traditional Iranian Medicinehas a long and prolific history has played an important role in the treatment of diseases for a very long time in the Middle Eastcountries. In the recent years, many medical universities in Iran have traditional medicine courses. persian medicine include herbal medicine, nutrition therapy, preventive medicine and life style( hefz-ol- sehe),cupping(hijamat).TraditionalIranian medicine based on four elements theory. Four elements theoryFour elements theory developed in ancient Persia around 2000 B.C.Four elements are:1) elemental fire; 2) elemental Weather3) elemental water; 4) elemental soilFour humors are:1) sanguine humor; 2) phlegm humor;3) yellow bile humor; 4) black bile (eczema)four humors are called elements daughters and each one coincide with four elements based on their properties.Elements are simple substances with are not analyzed, to parts which are different in shapes, and they consist of initial substances of human body and other creators such as plants and concretions.None of these elements can be found lonely in the nature. These four elements influence each other and produce four qualities, which called humors. Elementals based on density divided into two warm and cold groups.Elemental soilhas cold and dry quality; elementalwater: has cold and humid quality; elemental weather has warm and humid quality and elemental fire has warm and dry quality. The four element theory is not usually used in isolation but in conjunction with the other theories that guide traditional Iranian medicine. They are used to explain how the body works (Physiology) and the pathological changes in disease Also guide treatment.

Refrence:Faculty of Traditional Medicine TehranUniversityof Medical Sciences

98 98

Traditional Iranian Medicine is a branch of medical sciences , which is intended to provide general practitioners with numerous ways of prevention, treatment, education, and practical research. In this way, they can use the most developed modern information in medicine, along with utilization of the method to improve the health of community and also upgrade human knowledge.The research has revealed that Traditional Iranian Medicine as a strong part of cultural heritage, has always been extraordinary helpful in all aspects of research and discussion to extend human knowledge and bridge his mind in the given area. For this reason, avoiding national dimensions, teaching to PhD students across the world would provide the society to benefit from this great heritage.MissionThe mission of this field sets out to provide a good education for a group pf potential physicians in PhD study in prestigious medical schools within and outside the country . Therefore, the doctoral graduates will not only acquire advanced knowledge and new technology but will also get experience and information which are specific in traditional medicine required to treat patients, prevent disease and also improve the health of community along with cutting costs, drug side effects and treatment methods. In addition, the extensive research has been carried out to promote medical knowledge and clinical skills . A broader research-based experience has been also highly provided.AimsThe purpose is to provide easy and affordable medical services to develop health of populations and carry out related research.Role of PhD StudentsDoctoral students will have the role of training, research and providing services.

Ph.D. in Traditional Iranian Medicine

98 98

Professional Tasks of PhD StudentsEducation AreaEducation of urgent cares to students, nurses and patient companionsEducation of doctoral students in traditional medicine and sharing experiences and findingsProviding a series of resources on particular subjectsContribution to codifying related educational programTeaching educational program and workshopsResearch AreaInvestigating efficiency and using treatment methods on the basis of traditional principles and approaches to improving qualityMaking an attempt to update diagnostic ways in traditional medicine with utilization of facilities and modern technologyServicesExamination, diagnosis and treatment of disease on the basis of Traditional Iranian MedicineAssessing treatment progress through a set of information in traditional and classical medicineDoing activity management in related areas.Providing consulting services to students, nurses, patients, and patient companions that is specific to prevention of diseaseGeneral Educational StrategiesAdministrative Strategies of this program embrace a wide variety of student-based methods, problem solution, contribution to providing texts, and examination of issues with statement of the problem.In order to achieve above- mentioned strategies, the followings will be taken into consideration:Choosing potential candidatesPresenting initial education and prerequisitesPractical and theoretical teachingProviding opportunities in a research-based experienceProviding opportunities for scientific issues and contribution to teachingAssessment of quality education and planning for removing shortcomings and improving itQualification and Admission ProcessPassing the entrance examination according to principles of health treatment and medical educationReceiving the Doctor of Medicine or Clinical Specialty DegreesRelated Majors in Foreign UniversitiesMajors similar to traditional medicine are recognized in China, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sir Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Malaysia, yet there is a limit in western countries. Likewise, Natural Medicine is instructed in Canada.Doctoral Educational ProgramCourse Specification :Course Name:Ph.D. in Traditional Iranian MedicineDuration and form of Education System According to education laws and regulations, PhD study is dependent on the approval of the supreme council for planning in medical sciences.

Refrence:Kerman University of Medical ScienceFaculty of Traditional Iranian Medicine

1110 1110

IntroductionGiven the growing interest in use of natural products of medicinal and food industries in the global healthcare debates, the Iranian people, officials, and industries’ increasing attention to benefits of medicinal herbs, and significance of integrating traditional medicine into modern healthcare system and supporting it (Iran enjoys 8000 herb species, 2500 species with medicinal properties and applications as spice, fragrance , and cosmetics and has a rich heritage of traditional medicine with over 14000 reference books and elegant works such as Avecina’s Canon of Medicine and Book of Healing, Al-Razi’s Al-Havi, and Zakhireh-i Kharazmshahi), the urgency of extensive fundamental measures for developing this area now is quite obvious. Recognizing the importance and status of medicinal plants science and technology and traditional medicine and in line with global trend, Islamic Republic of Iran has launched a range of systematic measures for better exploitation of this realm.In this regard, in 2008, “Committee for Development of Science and Technology of Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine” was established in Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology. This committee as the coordinating and integrating unit for all players in medicinal plants and traditional medicine of the country is designed to realize cross organizational collaboration and interaction of all stakeholders so that pre-defined targets would be fulfilled. “National Document of Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine” prepared based on 20-year-vision plan and the comprehensive scientific map of the country and through participation of more than 300 scholars, managers, and players of medicinal plants and traditional medicine has been presented to the steering committee of the comprehensive scientific map in the Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution

Development of Science and Technology ofMedicinal Plants

1110 1110

that was accordingly ratified and proclaimed by this council in 2013. a. Policies and strategies for development of science and

technology of medicinal plants and natural products based on the national document of medicinal plants and traditional medicine as

well as the other upstream documents:Reviewing, reforming, simplifying, and updating related laws, regulations,

and standards of medicinal plants and herbal products. Organizing system of education, research, and development of technology and innovation in medicinal

plants and herbal products. Promoting, informing, and building appropriate culture of medicinal plants and herbal products. Creating integration and efficient

and continuous collaboration between all related institutions, enterprises, and formations -whether state or private- in the area of medicinal plants. Developing

international cooperation in science and technologies of medicinal plants.Organizing processes and structures of monitoring and evaluating all the players and practices in

the area of medicinal plants. Organizing production and distribution, market and export of products and services in this area and commercializing scientific and technological

achievements.Organizing resource management and protecting basic resources with focus on development of cultivating, breeding, collecting, and industrial processing of medicinal

plants.Conserving endemic species of the country, preventing endemics from being spread out of the country, and avoiding medicinal plants information leakage.Taking benefit of Islamic

tradition in botany, nutrition, health, and treatment. b- Policies and strategies for development of traditional medicine according to the national document of medicinal plants and traditional medicine as well as other upstream

documents:Reviewing, reforming, simplifying, and updating the related laws, regulations, and

standards in this area. Organizing and determining the borders of traditional medicine in health, education, and research system of the country.

Building a supportive culture and correcting community’s attitude towards status of traditional medicine and promoting healthy life style and nutrition considering

principles of traditional medicine. Reforming processes and structures of monitoring and evaluation of traditional medicine.Organizing and improving scientific-technical capacity, professional skills, status of specialized human resources, textbooks, and references of the traditional medicine. Increasing international scientific and technological cooperation in the field of traditional medicine. Increasing, facilitating, and organizing services in the field of traditional medicine. Effective support of basic developmental applied research priorities in the field of traditional medicine. Developing traditional pharmacy to response

domestic market and export demands. Establishing and organizing effective institutions in the field of traditional medicine and traditional pharmacy and

supporting accredited NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in this area. Technology area Priorities

Pharmaceutical manufacturing industrial cluster- Production of new and innovative natural technology-based products.Production of animal

and human herbal-based medicines in dosage forms of tablet, cream, syrup, capsule, and etc.Development of existing chains in industry of manufacturing herbal medicines and natural

products. Production of API (active pharmaceutical Ingredient) for herbal medicines as raw material and develop primary industries prerequisite for manufacturing and process industries. Production of natural medicine for special diseases (cancer, Alzheimer's, ..). monopoly in producing herbal medicines using new technologies in cell and tissue culture.Production of animal herbal-based medicines for

1312

disease control of livestock, poultry, aquatic and natural pesticides.Production of herbal masks. Processing and food industries clusterMedicinal plants processing industry in special economic zones focusing on export. Processing of medicinal plants and aromatic distilled waters (landowners are prioritized investors). Processing of medicinal herb gels and compotes (Aloe vera and etc.). Production of a range of honey-based products and different packages designed for export. Production of medicinal herbs extract, aromatic distilled water, and edible essence. Production of natural oils. Optimization of producing, processing, and packaging of saffron with an eye to commercializing and producing medicines. Production of different medicinal plant-based beverages. Processing and packaging of strategic and priority medicinal plants. Processing and packaging of sea foods (algae,...). Production of medicinal plant-based chocolates and gummys. Production of different natural food preservatives. Mass production of endemic medicinal mushrooms of Iran. Production of different kinds of bread using aromatic medicinal plants. Production of a range of herbal teas and tea bags with new formulation. Agriculture and medicinal plants development clusterProduction of cuttings, seedlings, seeds, seedlings, bulbs and rhizomes of most commonly used medicinal plants. Domestication and propagation of the most used medicinal plants. Manufacturing of herbal-based bio pesticides and other biologic products used in plant protection ,anti pests, diseases, and weeds. Establishment of national accredited reference laboratory for saffron. Industrial cultivation of strategic medicinal plants. Packaging of modified seeds. Establishment of seed warehouses for medicinal plants. Establishment of centers for distribution of traditional and natural medicines and products. traditional medicine Hygiene and health products clusterEstablishment of private healthcare centers for traditional medicine practice. Establishment of private clinics for traditional medicine practice. manufacturing of herbal hygiene products and cosmetics. Establishment of herbal pharmacies. Commercial manufacturing of air freshener sprays with natural and herbal ingredients. Construction of museums for history of traditional medicine (national and regional). Restoration, collection, and compilation of written heritage of traditional medicine.Major GoalsGoals of Vision 2025:1.Gaining 20% of pharma market value of the country by approved products with a herbal medicine origin and natural products and 10% of health market value by products produced based on traditional medicine principles and 2% of pharma market value by approved products with traditional medicine drug origin.2.Gaining 4% of pharma market value by products produced based on principles of traditional medicine including

1312

six essential health principles of Iranian traditional medicine.3.Increasing export of medicinal herbs, medicinal herbal-based products and herbal products to join the top 10 countries.4.Gaining 3% of world science production in the field of medicinal herbs and medicinal herbal-based products.5. Obtaining 1% of the world patents in the field of medicinal herbs and the related products.6.Registering and supporting all types of endemic and/or endangered species of medicinal plants through national conservation systems.7.Decreasing formal and informal harvesting on public lands to 200,000 hectare in 2025 vision.8.Increasing areas under cultivation of medicinal plants and fragrant plants to 500,000 hectare in 2025 vision.9.Improving insurance coverage at the rate of 30% out of pocket expenses in the field of traditional medicine.10.Improving society’s health through developing traditional medicine and enjoying a holistic attitude and principles of health care.11.Gaining the first rank of the region in terms of meeting health and medical needs in the traditional medicine area and increasing export of services, technical knowledge, and natural and herbal products up to 20% of the medical services export of the country.12.Increasing annual patent applications and achieving annual 50 patent applications in 2025 in the scope of traditional medicine products.The Most Outstanding Achievements in Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine 1.Over 112 knowledge-based enterprises in medicinal plants, herbal medicines, natural products, and traditional medicine.2.Manufacturing and commercialization of more than 483 knowledge-intensive products of natural human and animal products and medicines.3.Development of over 500 enterprises in the areas of medicinal plants, herbal medicines, natural products, and traditional medicine.4.Increase in licensing and manufacturing of natural and traditional human and animal products and medicines up to 3414 items.5.Increase in scientific production in medicinal plants including 1000 annual research articles indexed in Scopus’s Web of Knowledge.6.Promotion of Iran’s scientific production rank in medicinal plants.7.Increase in the number of traditional medicine and traditional pharmacy colleges to 8.8.Implementation of comprehensive plan including identification, comparison, emendation, translation, and compilation of written medical works; traditional medicine texts in particular.9.Recruitment of more than 100 faculty members in traditional medicine colleges and admission of over 500 students in different programs of traditional medicine and traditional pharmacy.10.Establishment of over 52 healthcare centers for traditional medicine by early 2016.11.Over 5500 students in the related fields of medicinal plants in all levels (under graduate, graduate, post graduate).12.Improvement and development of gen bank of endemic or endangered medicinal plant species and conservation of 1550 herbal species.13.Completion of studies of commercial domestication and cultivation of over 170 species and varieties of medicinal plants.14. Preparation of master atlas of medicinal plants for recording the benefits and conserving plant species at a scale of 1:250,000 in provinces.15.Identification and registration of information related to phytopathology and distribution of 2300 species of the country’s flora.16.Compilation of 40 entrepreneurial packages for medicinal plants and natural products.17.Compilation of job standards including 134 job titles in 7 main parts of value chain.

Refrence: Vice-Presidency For Science and Technology

1514

HistoryThe School of Traditional Medicine of Iran University of Medical Sciences was established in a building with a floor area of over 2000 m2 upon receiving the approval to establish the school at the 200th assembly of the Council for the Development of Medical Sciences Universities on 2015. The School of Traditional Medicine is currently training Ph.D. students of traditional medicine and M.Sc. students of medical history in an academic space of 500 m2. The national culture-building movement for the revival of the medical heritage of Islamic civilization began with the inauguration of the first traditional medicine program on 2007 attended vy the Minister of Health in the historic monument of the Institute for Medical History, Islamic and Complementary Medicine Studies of Iran University of Medical Sciences. With an area of 2500 m2, the Pirnia Traditional House was owned by Mirza Hasan Khan Moshir al-Dawleh, the prime minister of the Qajar era, which was donated to Iran University of Medical Sciences after the Islamic Revolution. With the continued efforts of Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Esfahani, the Institute started its official activities as the first official and legal source of design, organization and supply of scientific, educational and research resources in the traditional medicine of Iran in 2001. All research and educational activities in traditional medicine and pharmacy continued in this building until 2015. In August, 2015, after repossession of the building No. 2 of the Institute in Behesht St. from Tehran University of Medical Sciences, all educational activities of the institute were transferred to the new building in the

The School of TraditionalMedicine of Iran Universityof Medical Sciences

1514

form of the School of Traditional Medicine of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Currently, the Institute continues its research activities as a research center.Vision & MissionVision Statement of the School of Persian Medicine:In 2021, the School of Traditional Medicine will be the main hub for the production of technical knowledge, development and commercialization of health-related products in Iran. The School of Traditional Medicine will be the leading school among traditional medicine schools in Iran.Mission Statement of the School of Persian Medicine:Development and promotion of educational, research and therapeutic Persian medicine services and institutionalization of Iranian culture and lifestyle using the leading professors and national experts.Goals of the School of Persian Medicine:1.Production and dissemination of science in the field of traditional medicine and related areas2.Training of specialists of traditional medicine and related areas3.Development of basic and applied research based on research priorities (traditional medicine and pharmacy, complementary medicine and medical history)4.Culture-building, promotion and strengthening of complementary and traditional Persian medicine5.Training researchers for studying and researching traditional medicine and related areas6.Industrial relations for research projects conducted in the school that need industrial development and support7.Collaboration with schools, and research and executive centers inside and outside Iran.Department of Traditional MedicineDuring last decades, Traditional Medicine, and Complementary and Alternative Medicines have been increasingly used by both developing and developed countries.In some countries it is used by up to 80% of the population to fulfill primary health care needs, while in some others, such as China, Germany and Canada in the last two decades, about 70% to 90% of the population uses Traditional Medicine and CAM. Persian medicine is a shining pearl in the treasury of ancient oriental culture. The practice and study of medicine in Persia has a long and prolific history. The Persian academic centers like Gundeshapur University (3rd century AD) were a breeding ground for the union among great scientists from different civilizations.The Department of Traditional Medicine of Tehran University Of Medical Sciences' was officially founded on 2007 as the first Traditional Medicine Department in Iran.The faculties of this department are the most distinguished Traditional and Complementary medicine experts in Iran. Education and Research are the fundamental responsibility of all members of this Department. We are committed to attracting the best and the brightest students into a traditional medicine career, and educating graduate physicians to the highest level. Currently we have 12 faculties and 47 students in this department.Besides theoretical courses, our students have rotational clinical practice every day. There are 4 clinics belongs to this department.Department of Pharmacy in Traditional MedicineTraditional pharmacy formed a very long time, but was defined during Jundishapur University as an independent discipline. Scientific knowledge in this field is based on valuable experiences with their scientists. Many worth able literatures with the title " Qarabadin " are written in all fields of pharmacy and are useable in modern Pharmacy.Department of Pharmacy in Traditional Medicine is established in Traditional Medicine School of, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Since 2006 and admitted the interested Pharmacists for residency courses. At present the department with a full laboratory and 8 faculty members and 25 residents, is engaged in outdoor activities and after six years of hard training, 5 specialists has graduated from this department. Many Projects in the field of traditional medicine independently or in cooperation with other departments, particularly the Department of Traditional Medicine has been implemented.Selected traditional medicines have been produced in the form of new products in this department and are prescribed by doctors in 4 clinics belonging to this school.Department of History Medical SciencesTeaching medical history in some countries like France, Syria, England, America and ...also turn out useful in other subjects. In recent years a new movement for the restoration of heritage, training courses, traditional medicine, traditional medicine and medical ethics has begun to move in line with the established history of construction of Medical Sciences can complement of measures to study also turn out useful in other fields Therefore, the establishment of the forty-fifth session of the Supreme Council of 07.12.89 on medical plan has been agreed that the program has been developed in.Values governing the formulation of this plan include:The evolution of medical science in the world

1716 1716

Pay special attention to the huge scientific and cultural heritage of IranEmphasis on self-study as a prerequisite for the evolution of medical historyEmphasis on innovation in the history of ideasEmphasis on analysis of scientific theories and scientific and historical rights in IranTaking advantage of the knowledge of historical analysisMission &Vision StatementRemaining philosophical and scientific works of the past, and compilation of relevant literature and transfer knowledge to the scientific community and their audiences. Expected in the next ten years , graduates of this course , effective steps in the analysis of medical history in the world and Iran during the Islamic civilization and the revival of national values insist on history in this excised and the results of their research to the scientific community in Iran region and to the world.International collaborations:The School of traditional Medicine is ready to communicate with the excellent experts of traditional and complementary medicine around the world and looking forward to establishing mutually interested collaborations with well-known academics and research centers throughout the world. Even though the Faculty of Pharmacy is relatively young but it already got great achievements and it is ready to accept foreigner student in near future. The highly-qualified graduates could be distributed around the world occupying many unique professional positions in broad spectrum of institutes, clinics and universities. The School of traditional Medicine already has international collaborations in the field of education and research with china and India. In cooperate with other universities the school is going to publish medical journal and books in English in near future.Work description1-Cooperating with the university’s vice chancellor for international affairs to develop international communication with foreign universities, institutes, research centres, and experts;2-Introducing traditional Iranian medicine and developing of Iranian medicine around the world (globalization of Iranian medicine)3-Establishing and development of international communication with foreign universities, communities and experts in the field of traditional medicineEncouraging school to attract foreign students-45-Introducing traditional Iranian medicine to international organizations and Foreign Universities to attract grants for scientific collaborations6-Establishing common scientific collaborations with foreign universities, communities and experts in the field of traditional medicine7-Encouraging faculty members and students for presenting their researches and articles in international congresses8-Establishing and supervising international seminars, workshop and courses with foreign universities and institutes9-Introducing traditional Iranian medicine, our school and facilities to attract foreign students

Refrence:Iran University of Medical Science

1716 1716

The School of Traditional Medicine has been dedicated to high standards in research based education not only to revive but also to provide evidence for traditional treatments based on traditional Iranian manuscripts. The School consists of three departments: traditional medicine, traditional pharmacy and medical ethics.Despite the golden history in Persia, there has been very pale presence in education and reconstruction, and studying this ancient science. Fortunately, the invaluable and constant efforts of those interested in Iranian-Islamic culture and civilization, in recent years have been fruitful and in 2006, the grounds for establishing the field of traditional medicine were founded and approved officially in the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education.Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iran University of Medical Sciences all announced their readiness for student admission. The follow-ups by the Chancellor of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and the attempts by Professor Mahmoud Mosaddegh, the SBMU academic staff, in 2008 the SBMU School of Traditional Medicine began admitting students at PhD level in three fields of “Traditional Medicine”,“Traditional Pharmacology”, and “Medical Ethics”.

Shahid Beheshti University

Refrence:Shahid Beheshti University

1918

The Office of Studies and Researches of Traditional Medicine and Medical History for Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, opened in October 2009 by approval of the University respected Board of directors and Dr. Alireza Salehi was appointed as director. Moreover, Strategic Planning Council of Traditional Medicine and Medical History University was established, headed by Dr. Imaniyeh. This Council aimed to improve academic activities in the field of traditional medicine due to the precious heritage of Traditional Persian Medicine, introduce Iranian prominent physicians and scientists and examine the suggestions of Traditional Persian Medicine in the process of studies to produce scientific evidence. The Office of Studies and Researches of Traditional Medicine and Medical History was renamed to Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine by approval of the University respected Board of directors in the summer of 2009 and continued its activity as one of the approved research Centre of the university. Dr. Mohammad Hadi Imaniyeh is the Head of Traditional Medicine Research Center. Dr. Salehi is appointed to Vice President and Dr. Mehdi Pasalar as a manager of the Centre by proclamation of the University President in 2015. Activities of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in the field of Traditional Persian Medicine are improving by Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine and the department of traditional medicine. As a result of these activities, we hope to improve the capabilities of the national health system and serve the noble people of Iran.

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

1918

Strategic PlanMission Mission of Traditional Medicine and Medical History Research Centre is creating a suitable space for researchers to conduct applied researches, training competent researchers in the field of Traditional Medicine and Medical History in order to participate in public health promotion. We will try to achieve the above mission by human potential empowerment, increase the motivation of researchers, optimum use of resources and equipment.VisionWe would like to develop and improve Traditional Medicine and Medical History researches to provide public health promotion.StrategiesImprove quality and quantity of health care. publicity campaign of the importance of disease prevention and health promotion. Attracting scholars and researchers for the implementation of research priorities by the use of Centre facilities and faculty members’ collaboration.Promoting studies and applied clinical researches.Setting up virtual system access to the university central library Goals.Developing the capabilities and functionality of Traditional Medicine and Medical HistoryResearch Centre.Production and dissemination of knowledge in the field of Traditional Medicine and Medical History Research.Promoting capacity building in the field of Traditional Medicine and Medical History Research.Promoting inter-sectoral and cross-sectoral cooperation of Traditional Medicine and Medical History ResearchStrategic GoalsSetting up a research-based clinics of Traditional Persian Medicine. Publishing related articles by doing qualitative research in Traditional Persian Medicine. Translating and editing references of Traditional Persian Medicine. Writing an agreement with Collaborating Medical Centers. Coordinating with IRIB for producing and broadcasting programs related to Traditional Persian Medicine. Distributing Scientific findings in newspapers and news sources.Attracting most of the researchers of Traditional Persian Medicine. Cooperating with universities and research centers of the country for research projects. Obtaining independent rows to attract faculty of Traditional Persian Medicine.Teaching Basics of Traditional Persian Medicine to University teachers. Teaching Basics of Traditional Persian Medicine to researchers interested in Traditional Persian Medicine. Doing joint research projects with university research centers.Collaborating with research partners. Improving the efficiency of Traditional Persian Medicine Research.Attracting the colleagues to the education of related research projects.Attracting the hourly paid colleagues to the education of related research projects in the city.Specific objectivesDetermining research priorities in the field of Traditional Medicine and Medical History.Trying to approve Traditional Medicine and Medical History center.Following physical space to improve center.Promoting and improving website of Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine. Completing faculty and box office of Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine. Launching PhD by Research in educational department of Traditional Medicine and Medical History. Annual increase for the number of research projects.Increasing the number of students’ theses in the field of Traditional Medicine and Medical History. Increasing the number of articles published in international journals indexed in ISI-web by Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine. Translating and collecting books related to Traditional Medicine and Medical History.Writing books related to Traditional Medicine and Medical History. Increasing workshops and internal seminars and congresses for the empowerment of the research fellow of Traditional Medicine and Medical History.Organizing and improving the weekly scientific meetings of Traditional Medicine and Medical History for those interested in Traditional Persian Medicine.Organizing a collaboration with student groups interested in cooperation with Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine. Conducting a joint research with internal research centers of Traditional Medicine and Medical History.Trying to convert Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine into an international Collaborating Centers.Trying to collaborate Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine with other internal governments.

Refrence:Shiraz University

2120

Germans pride themselves on their literary nature. As well they should with the likes of Goethe, Heinrich Böll, Thomas Mann, and Günter Grass in their midst. For modern bibliophiles, The Frankfurter Buchmesse (FBM) is a showcase of the best in the written word. It is the world's largest trade fair for books. It takes place over five days every October and draws more visitors than any other book fair. For anyone into books, the Frankfurt Book Fair is a highlight of the year. Find out what to expect and how to visit Frankfurt's Book Fair.History of the Frankfurt Book FairThe book fair began in earnest in 1454 following Johannes Gutenberg's revolutionary invention of the printing press. Gutenberg created the first press in nearby Mainz, but Frankfurt swiftly became the center of the West's publishing industry. Before that, sellers would meet to sell manuscripts, but with the ability to create printed books, the fair developed as an opportunity for local booksellers to trade, buy, and sell books. The event grew to become the most important book fair in Europe, but was soon rivaled by the Leipzig Book Fair. World War II completely halted events like book fairs, but by 1949, the festival had begun again and has been run continuously every year since.It has regained its place as the premiere book fair and continues to grow every year. There are over 7,500 exhibits from 100 countries and over 280,000 visitors.What to Expect at the Frankfurt Book FairThe Frankfurt Book Fair is not only a major event for book lovers, but it's also is a key marketing event for book sellers. Serious book business goes down, like negotiating international publishing rights and licensing fees. This is the place to be for publishers, agents, authors, illustrators, film producers, translators, and representatives from trade associations to network. To cater to the business side, the first three days are restricted to professional visitors.After the work is done, it is time to play as the public is allowed to visit. The entrance fee for the public starts at 22 euro for the day. Tickets allow you to meet with up-and-coming and best-selling authors, buy the latest releases, and nerd out with your fellow book lovers at events and discussions.Every year a different guest is featured. In 2018, Georgian literature was the focus. In 2019, Norwegian literature will be the guest of honor. The events range from information on readings, self-publishing, cosplay, poetry slams, human rights talks, Gourmet Gallery with tasty cuisine along with cook books, and more. There are also awards, ranging from serious like the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade to a prize for

The Frankfurt Book FairThe Complete Guide BY ERIN PORTER

2120

the Oddest Title of the Year. Besides the official events, a lot happens at the surrounding bars, hotels, and restaurants. The Frankfurter Hof's bars and restaurants is the preferred watering hole for socializing after hours.How to Attend the Frankfurt Book FairIn a city built for conferences, this festival takes on an intellectual air. The event takes place for five days every October at the Frankfurter Messe, a massive four-million-square-foot exhibition space. To navigate the book fair, study the map to find full information for all the different areas and scheduled events or join one of the guided tours.The 2019 Frankfurt Book Fair will take place October 16th–20th. The public days are over the weekend. There are security checks at the door so try not to bring excess luggage, check extra baggage at the coat rooms, and be prepared by coming early.The messe is easily reachable from the Hauptbahnhof (central station) by public transport or just by a 10-minute-walk. Note that the Frankfurt Card offers many city discounts as well as free travel on all public transport including Frankfurt International Airport. If you are driving to the book fair, the city center is a low emission zone and requires a green badge to drive here. If you are using a rental car, ask about this at the counter. There is also a free shuttle to the exhibition grounds from the city center.What to Buy at the Frankfurt Book FairThe Frankfurt Book Fair is the place to buy the newest releases in the literary world. In addition to the printed editions, audio books and e-books are in demand. Politics will not just be discussed (many books on different movements will also be for sale), and you can show support for something you believe in by putting your money behind it.

Refrence: https://www.tripsavvy.com

2322

Given the increasing prevalence of WHO traditional medicine, the issue of traditional medicine information management has been addressed and the need to access existing knowledge through the exchange of correct information and the establishment of communication networks, as well as the protection and protection of traditional medicine knowledge resources.Traditional medicine is one of the scientific fields that has attracted a lot of interest and there is a lot of research in this field.Scientific literature in the field of traditional medicine can be of great help to scientific societies in identifying the tendency of acupuncture and subsequently in proper planning and in assisting researchers.Iran currently ranks sixth in the production of science in traditional medicine, and research shows that Iran has made significant progress over the past 50 years.iran ranks 26 th between 1990 and 2011, ranking sixth in 2016. Overall, the growth has been remarkable over the past 10 years, and the publication of books and scientific papers illustrates this fact.The use of traditional medicine in the developing countries as well as in the developed countries is increasing.There has been a great deal of research in traditional medicine by academics, resulting in the publication of many articles and books on traditional medicine.The publishers of traditional medicine have invested in the field of traditional medicine in the interest of the people, which has led to the production of important books.Among the important and credible sources introduced by the Iranian Ministry of Health can be found an al-Hawi, law, Kharazmshahi reserve.Most traditional medicine reference books are in line with those published by Iranian publishers using the original version.Introducing active publishers in the field of traditional medicine1.safir ardehal2.almaee3.teb sanatti iran4.ebtekar danesh5.armaghan tuba6.hafez novin7.farhang moaaser8.iranian teb9.chogan10.zar ghajam11.soroushIntroducing Traditional Medicine Reference Books1. The Canon of Medicine ( Publisher: soroush)2. Al-Hawi by Mohammad Razi(Publisher: shahid beheshti university)3.khawrezian empires accumulation by jorjani(Publisher: safir ardehal)4.eksir aazam by azam khan(: almaee)

The status of the fieldof publication in traditional medicine

2322

2524 2524

Safir Ardehal's publication has been established since 2006 under the director and supervision of Seyed Hossein Abedini. More than 800 important and valuable titles have been published so far. The introduction of Iranian culture and civilization and the works of the experienced writers and the cherished translators are the goals of this publication.The fundamental programs of the aforementioned publication place more emphasis on the author's guidance and the production and revival of the scientific works in the form of authoring, editing, translating, and even Making facsimile in order to be utilized by academics and international cultural centers. Fortunately, it has identified the audience's taste and the readers' interest, and produced specialized works on ancient sciences and Iranian history.Some subject matters include traditional medicine, complementary medicine and nutrition, history of science, ethnicity, nationalities, and lifestyle are among the publishing issues. It is the highest honor for Safir Ardehal's publication to introduce the works of the great scholars such as Avicenna, Razi, Jorjani, and et cetera, and also a variety of original sources on the ground of ancient manuscripts and texts. The presence of committed, courageous, and experienced experts and colleagues has excited its board of directors to produce many works in this field, and to commence a purposeful movement in this regard. An independent presence in several periods of international fairs, signing a contract for the translation of foreign publishers' works, introducing the valuable works of Iranian publishers to foreign publishers, and publishing their works are part of the international activities of the aforesaid publication. The result of these efforts is to obtain the following awards: Selection of Safir Ardehal's publication as the Selected Publisher in 2017 Selected Publisher of Special Section in 2013 Worthy Booth of Praise in 2016 Selecting several books of the publication as Worthy Book of Praise for the Book of the Year.

A Brief Introduction to the Publication of Safir Ardehalunder the Directorship of Mr. Seyed Hossein Abedini

2524 2524

2726

2726

PB28