a people’s way of life it includes: ◦ language ◦ literature ◦ music ◦ art ◦ beliefs and...
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Culture and Religion
A people’s way of life It includes:
◦ Language◦ Literature◦ Music◦ Art◦ Beliefs and Religion◦ Technology◦ Institutions◦ Customs◦ Roles
What is Culture?
How people dress Traditional foods Holidays How they celebrate major turning points:
◦ Birthdays, coming-of-age, marriage, parenthood, death
Customs
Based on rules for the proper behavior of individuals in particular positions and situations
Gender roles – specifically assigned to men and women
Roles
Homogeneous Society: almost everyone belongs to the same ethnic group and shares the same language and traditions
Examples: Saudi Arabia, Japan
Multicultural Society: contains a mix of peoples and cultures; ethnic groups are often mixed throughout the country
Examples: United States, Brazil
Homogeneous vs. Multicultural
Dispersion of ideas, practices, technologies, language and other cultural aspects
This is how culture evolves and adapts Examples:
◦ Spread of languages and religion◦ Jazz in the United States◦ Columbian Exchange
Cultural Diffusion
Jazz in the US
Spread of American Popular Culture◦ American movies, “pop” music, TV programs,
“fast food,” have all spread around the world
Cultural Diffusion
McDonald’s Tokyo, Japan
McDonald’s Jerusalem
Cultural Convergence – occurs when different cultures exchange ideas and become more similar; led to globalization
Example: Democracy, spread of English
Cultural Divergence – occurs when different cultural influences cause an area to divide into separate parts
Example: India – was once unified by a common Hindu culture; arrival of Islam led it to be divided into Hindu and Muslim areas
Cultural Diffusion
Talk about how the Winter and Summer Olympics are an example of cultural convergence.
How has technology contributed to cultural convergence?
Discuss with a partner…
Folk culture refers to a culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.
Folk Culture
Christianity – 2.2 billion Islam 1.5 billion Hinduism 1 billion Buddhism 400 million Animism 232 million Judaism 17 million Sikhism 16 million
Major Religions
Belief in one god.◦Christianity◦Islam◦Judaism◦Sikhism
Monotheistic
Oldest known belief system Historically practiced in a variety of forms in
traditional societies Developed in different parts of the world
simultaneously Currently practiced world-wide but most
common in areas of Africa and the Americas Tradition of story-telling rather than putting
beliefs in writing Animals and plants have a spiritual nature
Animism