alkenes – hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond between carbon atoms alkynes –...
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT FIFTEENORGANIC CHEMISTRY
ALKENES, ALKYNES,
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND
ALCOHOLS
ALKENES AND ALKYNES Alkenes – hydrocarbons containing at least one
double bond between carbon atoms
Alkynes – hydrocarbons containing at least one triple bond between carbon atoms
Unsaturated hydrocarbons – they are not loaded to capacity with hydrogens (alkenes and alkynes)
Alkenes formula: CnH2n
Alkynes formula: CnH2n-2
ALKENES AND ALKYNES Ethyne (C2H2) is emitted by ripening
bananas to send a message to the other bananas to ripen.
Ethylene (C2H4) is used to ripen fruit.
Why do we put fruit in a paper bag to ripen fruit?
How do shippers keep fruit from ripening too soon?
NAMING ALKENES AND ALKYNES
Base chain is the longest chain containing the double or triple bond
The base ending is –ene for an alkene and –yne for an alkyne
Base chain is numbered to give the double or triple bond the lowest possible number
A number indicating the location of the double or triple bond is inserted before the base name
PRACTICE NAMING
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS A characteristic atom or group of atoms
A group of organic compounds with the same functional group forms a family
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
ALCOHOLS Organic compounds containing the ―OH functional
group
General formula is R-OH
Naming: Base chain is the longest chain containing the ―OH
functional group
Base name ends with ―ol
Base chain is numbered to give the ―OH the lowest possible number
A number indicating the position of the ―OH group is inserted before the base name
PRACTICE NAMING