© annie patton implicit functions next slide. © annie patton aim of lesson next slide to...

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© Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide

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Page 1: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Implicit Functions

Next Slide

Page 2: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Aim of Lesson

Next Slide

To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate one.

Page 3: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Implicit Functions

• In functions like y=x2 +2x +3, y is expressed in terms of x. This is called an Explicit Function.

• In functions like x2 +4xy –y2 =2x, y is not expressed in terms of x. This is called an Implicit Function.

Next Slide

Page 4: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Differentiate x2 +4xy –y2 =2x with respect to x.

2 2d(x ) d(4xy) dy d(2x)+ - =

dx dx dx dx

2dy dx dy dy2x+4(x +y )- =2

dx dx dy dx

dy dy2x+4x +4y-2y =2

dx dx

dy(4x-2y)=2-2x-4y

dxdy 2-2x-4y

=dx 4x-2y

Next Slide

Page 5: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Method

• Differentiate each term with respect to x.• Bring all the terms with to one side.• Find , in terms of x and y.

dy

dx

Next Slide

dy

dx

Page 6: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve 3x2+y2=28 at the point (2,-4)

dyFirst weneedfind the slope or

dx2 2dx dy dy

3 + =0dx dy dx

6 2 0dy

x ydx

dy 6x 3x=- =-

dx 2y y

dy 6 3At the point (2,-4) =- =

dx -4 2

Next Slide

Leaving Certificate Higher No 7(b) (1) Paper 1 2007

Page 7: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve 3x2+y2=28 at the point (2,-4) continued

3 3, .

2 2

dyAs the slope is equal todx

3( 4) ( 2)

2So the equation is y x

2( 4) 3( 2)y x

3 2 14 0x y

Next Slide

–6 –4 –2 2 4 6

–10

–5

5

10

x

y

Start clicking when you want to see the answer.

Page 8: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

2Find the slope of the tangent to the curve xy +y=6

at the point (1,2) .

2 6dxy dy d

dx dx dx

22 0

dy dx dyx ydx dx dx

22 0

dy dy dyx ydy dx dx

22dy dy

x y ydx dx

Next Slide

5 10 15

–4

–3

–2

–1

1

2

3

4

x

yStart clicking when you want to see the answer.

2 4 4

2 1 4 1 5

the slope of the tangent

dy y

dx xy

Page 9: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Leaving Certificate Higher No 7(b) (ii) Paper 1 2003

1 1 1 dyGiven + = , find the value of at the point (2,-3).

x y 6 dx

11 16

dd dyx

dx dx dx

1 1

0dx dy dy

dx dy dx

2 21 ( 1) 0dy

x ydx

2 2

1 1 dy

x y dx 2

2

9at (2,-3)=

4

dy y

dx x

Next Slide

–10 10

–4

–3

–2

–1

1

2

3

4

x

y

Start clicking when you want to see the answer.

Page 10: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

2 2x 2

Find the slope of the curve

y xy

2 2

0dx y dxy

dx dx

22 22 1 0dy dy

x y x x ydx dx

22 22 0dy dy dy

x xy y xdx dy dx

2 22 2 0dy dy

x xy y yxdx dx

2 2( 2 ) 2dy

x yx y xydx

2

2

2slope

2

dy y xythe

dx x yx

Next Slide

Start clicking when you want to see the answer.

Page 11: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

sin xDifferentiate y=

1-cos x

2dy dy dy=2y

dy dx dx

2

dy (1-cos x)(cos x)-sin x(0-(-sin x))2y =

dx (1-cos x)

2 2

2 2

dy cos x-cos x-sin x cos x-1 12y = = =-

dx (1-cos x) (1-cos x) 1-cos x

dy 1 1 1 1= = -

dx 2y 1-cosx 1-cosxsinx2

1-cosx

Next Slide

2 sin

1 cos

xy

x

Start clicking when you want to see the answer.

Page 12: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

A 20m ladder leans against a wall. The top slides down at the rate of 4 m/sec. How fast is the bottom of the ladder moving, when it is 16m from the wall?

4dy

dt

2 2 220x y 2 2

0

2 2 0

0

dx dy

dt dtdx dyx ydt dtdx dyx ydt dt

2 2

x=16

y= (20) (16) 12

When

16 12( 4) 0

3 / sec

dx

dtdx

mdt

20y

x

Next Slide

Start clicking when you want to see the answer.

Page 13: © Annie Patton Implicit Functions Next Slide. © Annie Patton Aim of Lesson Next Slide To establish, what is an Implicit Function and how to differentiate

© Annie Patton

Implicit Functions

• In functions like y=x2 +2x +3, y is expressed in terms of x. This is called an Explicit Function.

• In functions like x2 +4xy –y2 =2x, y is not expressed in terms of x. This is called an Implicit Function.