answer the following questions in complete sentences in your journal. ◦ 1. in what ways has...
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Answer the following questions in complete sentences in your journal.◦ 1. In what ways has technology changed the way we get
our information in this country?◦ 2. With the vast array of sources from which we get our
information today, how can we ensure that the information we are getting is as unbiased & accurate as possible?
◦ 3. Would it be better to have several biased news media outlets with the freedom to present their information however they please, or to have a single media outlet, controlled by the government that presented a singular clear message? Why?
WarmUp: Journal Entry #15
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Chapter 15.2Science & the Mass Media
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Trace the major developments in the history of mass media & identify the types of mass media in the United States.
Explain how the sociological perspectives of mass media differ.
Analyze & discuss some contemporary issues in mass media.
Objectives
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instruments of communication that reach large audiences with no personal contact between those sending information & those receiving
Mass Media
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The Institutionalization of
Mass MediaThe Emergence of Mass Media as a Social Institution
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people in the earliest nomadic communities had little need for any mass media. Why?
Sumerians produced first form of writing, cuneiform, 5,000 years ago
Writing & Paper
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in the 1450s, Johannes Gutenberg developed movable type.◦ made books less
expensive, more widely available
The Printing Press
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growth of cities due to industrialization encouraged more people to move to the cities
people made more money working in factories, children learned to read & write
1st newspapers appear
The Industrial Age
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digital computer completely changes the way people store & access information◦ Internet
Information Society: a community in which the exchange of information is the main social & economic activity
The Computer &Information Society
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Mass Media in the United States
Print, Audio, Visual, Online, Convergence
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newspapers, magazines & books
substantial but declining audience
Print Media
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sound recordings & radio
everyday, at least 75% of Americans 12 or older, tune into radio.
Audio Media
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movies, television, DVDs
98% of Americans have television sets
Visual Media
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internet offers many services such as email, online chat/discussion groups & online shopping
Online Media
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many experts believe that mass media is merging◦ example:
Smartphones, Kindle, Pandora, etc.
coincides with merging of media companies◦ example: AOL &
Time Warner Cable
Convergence
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Listening Post: 2009 Iranian Election◦ What effects do you think that the development of
social media technology will have on the ability of governments to suppress, censor, or control information?
◦ What other implications do you see these technologies having for society?
The Effect of Social Networking on Mass Media: 2009 Iranian Election
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Mass Media: Differing Perspectives
Functionalism vs. Conflict Theory
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mass media perform functions that support the stability & smooth operation of society◦education ◦information◦socialization◦entertainment
Functionalist Theory
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purpose of mass media is to maintain the present social order◦ encourage the acceptance of
power structure◦ Knowledge-Gap Hypothesis:
as news information enters society, wealthy & better-educated members acquire it at a faster rate than poor & less-educated people
◦ Digital Divide: the gap between those with access to new technologies & those without
Conflict Theory
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Keith Olbermann on tax cuts Sean Hannity on tax compromise
◦ While watching both video clips, make notes of bias that you see.
◦ Why do major news sources present biased coverage or viewpoints?
◦ Is there any such thing as objectivity, or lack of bias, in the media?
Bias in the American News Media