CANCERS

YELLOW MASSIS A TUMOR

Answer the following questions independently. If you don’t know the answer, make the best possible

educated guess you can. Do not leave any questions unanswered.

1. What causes cancer?2. Why is cancer so harmful to the body?3. How does cancer travel throughout the body?4. What are 5 types of cancers and what parts of the

body do they affect?5. What are at least 3 risk factors for cancer?

WHAT IS CANCER?

With all the knowledge that you can muster up… define the following terms.

1. Cancer2. Tumor3. Benign4. Malignant5. Metastasis6. Carcinogen7. Biopsy8. Remission

VOCABULARY

How do you think each of these pictures is related to cancer?

What is cancer? Metastasis Cancer: Healthy to Cancer Cell Cancer cells; Different; How? Looking for cancer in blood

WATCH, REFLECT, DISCUSS.

1. What causes cancer?◦ Cancer is a complex group of diseases with many possible causes,

including genetic factors; lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, diet, and physical activity; certain types of infections; and environmental exposures to different types of chemicals and radiation.

2. Why is cancer so harmful to the body?◦ In general, cancer disrupts the normal functioning of cells in the body,

meaning that the cells do not work any more. The more the cancerous cells spread, the more "non-working" cells there becomes, which can result in the failure of that organ. Also, cancerous cells can quickly multiply, which makes them even more "harmful". They can also travel via the bloodstream to other areas of the body.

3. How does cancer travel throughout the body?◦ In order to spread, some cells from the primary cancer must break

away, travel to another part of the body and start growing there. Three main ways…Local spread; directly into nearby organs. Blood circulation; travel through wall of blood vessel into blood stream. Lymphatic system; similar to blood stream, except via lymph fluid.

WHAT IS CANCER?

1. What are 5 types of cancers and what parts of the body do they affect?

◦ SEE FIGURE 25.5

2. What are at least 3 risk factors for cancer?◦ Carcinogens such as tobacco use and radiation(i.e., UV exposure from

sun, tanning beds and sunlamps). STDs such has HPV and Hepatitis B. Dietary factors such as fats, low in fiber.

WHAT IS CANCER?

1. Cancer; Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells.2. Tumor; Abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role

in the body.3. Benign; Noncancerous.4. Malignant; Cancerous.5. Metastasis; The spread of cancer from the point where

it originated to other parts of the body.6. Carcinogen; Cancer-causing substance.7. Biopsy; Removal of a small piece of tissue for

examination.8. Remission; A period of time when symptoms disappear.

VOCABULARY

In your groups of 4, you are to research your assigned type of cancer. Through your research you should be able to accurately discuss…◦ The type or types of cancer◦ Causes◦ Symptoms◦ Risk Factors ◦ Diagnosis◦ Treatment◦ Prevalence of the disease (How many people in US &

throughout the world, age group, gender)◦ Survival Rate◦ What is being done?

HOMEWORK

Lymphomas; Cancers of the immune system.◦ LYMPHOMA

Leukemias; Cancers of the blood-forming organs.◦ What is Leumemia?◦ Bone Marrow Transplant

Carcinomas; Cancers of the glands and body linings, including the skin and linings of the digestive tract and lungs.◦ ABCDEs of Melanoma

Sarcomas; Cancers of connective tissue, such as bones, ligaments and muscles.

Nuerological; Cancer of the Central Nervous System (brain & spinal cord).

TYPES OF CANCERS

Survival rate for people w/ cancer depends on two main factors.◦ Early detection; Most critical factor in treatment. Depends on both

self and medical examination.◦ Type of cancer.

Self-examination; Checking your own body for signs of cancer.◦ Self breast examination animation◦ Self testicular exam animation

Medical-examination; Involves testing by a doctor for early signs of cancer. About half of all new cancer cases each year are detected during routine medical screening.

If Dr. thinks cancer is possible, a biopsy will be performed (usually necessary to determine if cancer is present).

To determine tumor’s location & size, Dr.’s use x-rays & other imaging techniques.

DETECTING CANCER

What are some factors used to determine type of treatment?◦ Methods used to treat depend on type of cancer & whether a

tumor has spread from original location. Surgery; Removes some or all of the cancerous masses

from body. Radiation therapy; Uses radioactive substances to kill

cancer cells & shrink cancerous masses. Chemotherapy; Uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells. Immunotherapy; Activates a person’s immune system to

recognize specific cancers & destroys them. Hormone therapy; Uses medicines to interfere w/ the

production of certain hormones that help cancer cells grow.

CANCER TREATMENT

1. What is metastasis?

2. What are the two important methods for early cancer detection?

3. Identify three cancer treatment options.

PUNCH OUT!!!