- by naveen siddaraju [email protected] [email protected] - under the...
TRANSCRIPT
- By Naveen Siddaraju
- Under the guidance of
Dr K R Rao
Study and comparison between H.264 /MPEG4 AVC and AVS China
Contents Introduction Brief overview of H.264 Brief overview of AVS ChinaComparison Results
Introduction
H.264 / MPEG 4 AVCLatest video coding standardBasic design architecture is similar to
previous MPEG standards Better compression efficiency
Motion compensated coding structure Picture slices MBs subMBs blocks
pixelsI , P and B slices Derived slices SI and SP
Different YUV systems in H.264 [16]
Profiles and levels in H.264 Baseline profile Main profile Extended profile High profiles
H.264 Profiles – Coding parts [1]
Intra prediction in H.264Uses adaptive spatial prediction to reduce
spatial redundancy. 4 X 4 luma, 8X8 luma( used in high profile)
– 9 modes 16 X 16 luma – 4 modes 4 X 4 chroma - 4 modes
H.264 intra prediction modes for 4X4 luma
H.264 inter prediction Uses Motion estimation and Motion compensation (MC). Used to reduce temporal correlation.
0
Sub-macroblock partitions
0
1 0 1
0 1
2 3
0 0
1 0 1
0
2
1
3
1 macroblock partition of 16*16 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
Macroblock partitions
2 macroblock partitions of 16*8 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
4 sub-macroblocks of 8*8 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
2 macroblock partitions of 8*16 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
1 sub-macroblock partition of 8*8 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
2 sub-macroblock partitions of 8*4 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
4 sub-macroblock partitions of 4*4 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
2 sub-macroblock partitions of 4*8 luma samples and
associated chroma samples
H.264 encoder [1]
H.264 decoder [1]
De-blocking filterIs used to reduce the blocking artifacts.Two sources of the blocking arifacts. - 4 X 4 transform - motion compensated prediction since the filter is present in the loop , it
prevents the propagation of the blocking artifacts.
Entropy codingquantized values and other syntax
elements into actual bits.CAVLC and CABAC for quantized
coefficients.Exp- Golomb codes for syntax elements
which are not coded by CABAC or CAVLC.
AVS – China Latest audio video coding standard from
China Standardization includes system, audio,
video and digital copyright management. Goal – to achieve coding efficiency with
reduced complexity.
AVS Parts [3]
AVS layered data structure [3] for 4:2:0 video sequence
AVS P2 encoder [5]
AVS decoder
AVS motion estimation and intra prediction: AVS uses adaptive modes for motion compensation at the
picture layer and the macroblock layer. The modes in picture layer are :
Forward prediction from the most recent reference frame
Forward prediction from the second most recent prediction frame
Interpolative prediction between the most recent reference frame and a future reference frame.
Intra coding
AVS motion estimation and intra prediction (cont..)
At the macroblock layer, the modes depend on the picture mode.
In Intra pictures, all macroblocks are intra coded.
In Predicted pictures, macroblocks may be forward predicted or intra coded.
In interpolated pictures, macroblocks may be forward predicted, backward predicted, interpolated or intra coded.
Predicted pictures (P – pictures):
Interpolated Pictures (B-Pictures):
AVS intra prediction [7]
Comparison H.264 and AVS video
Rate control Block:A rate control algorithm dynamically
adjusts encoder parameters to achieve a target bitrate.
quantization parameter QP
Encoder with and without rate control block
Bitrate Vs QP
results: H.264 – JM 16.1 used [9]AVS – RM09.01[10]Input sequence – QCIF foreman 90 frames
[20]
JM 16.1 output
JM 16.1 output
JM 16.1 output
AVS ref software output
AVS ref software output
Bitrates Vs psnr
Plot: PSNR vs. bit rate
Conclusion AVS – P2 jizhun profile is comparable with
the main profile of H.264 . Reduced complexity , reduced costs. Performance difference is mainly due to
absence of tools such as CABAC.
List of acronyms used
Thank you
References [1] Soon-kak Kwon et al. “Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 (pp.186-216)”, Special
issue on “ Emerging H.264/AVC video coding standard”, J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.183-552, April 2006.
[2] A. Puri et al. “Video coding using the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC compression standard”, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol.19, pp 793-849, Oct 2004.
[3] W. GAO et al. “AVS - The Chinese next-generation video coding standard” NAB, Las Vegas, 2004.
[4] X. Wang et.al “Performance comparison of AVS and H.264/AVC video coding standards” J. Comput. Sci. & Technol., Vol.21, No.3, pp.310-314 J, May 2006.
[5] L. Yu et al. “An Overview of AVS-Video: tools, performance and complexity”, Visual Communications and Image Processing 2005, Proc. of SPIE, vol. 5960, pp.596021, July 31, 2006.
[6] D Chang “MPEG 4, H.264 compression standards” ppt, http://mmlab.snu.ac.kr/
[7] L. Yu et al. “An area-efficient VLSI architecture for AVS intra frame encoder” Visual Communications and Image Processing 2007, Proc. of SPIE-IS & T Electronic Imaging, SPIE vol. 6508, pp. 650822, Jan. 29, 2007.
[8]Introduction to codecs: http://gizmodo.com/5093670/giz-explains-every-video-format-you-need-to-know
[9] H.264/AVC JM Software http://bs.hhi.de/~ suehring/tml/download new version of the H.264/AVCreference software http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/.
[10] AVS reference software, ftp://159.226.42.57/public/avs_docs/avs_software.
[11] MPEG website: http://www.mpeg.org.
[12]MPEG-1: ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29, Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media up to about ARTICLE IN PRESS A. Puri et al. / Signal Processing: Image Communication 19 (2004) 793–849 847 1.5 Mbit/s, ISO/IEC 11172-2, International Standard, November 1992.
[13] MPEG-2: ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 and ITU-T, ISO/IEC 13818-2: Information Technology-
Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio Information: Video, ISO/IEC and ITU-T,1994.
[14] MPEG-4: ISO/IEC JTCI/SC29/WG11, ISO/IEC 14 496:2000-2: Information on Technology-Coding
of Audio-Visual Objects-Part 2: Visual, ISO/IEC, 2000.
[15] H.264 Standard 2007.pdf, http://ee.uta.edu/Dip/Courses/EE5359/H.264%20Standard2007.pdf
[17] JVT ”Draft ITU-T recommendation and final draft international standard of joint video specification (ITU-T rec. H.264– ISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC),” March 2003,JVT-G050 available on http://ip.hhi.de/imagecom_G1/assets/pdfs/JVT-G050.pdf.
[18] R. Schäfer, et al, “The emerging H.264/AVC standard”, EBU Technical Review, Jan. 2003.
[19] Rate Control and H.264, link: http://www.pixeltools.com/rate_control_paper.html
[20] UTA digital image processing course website, link: http://www-ee.uta.edu/dip/Courses/EE5356/ee_5356.htm
[21] H.264/14496-10 AVC Reference Software Manual link: http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/JM%20Reference%20Software%20Manual%20%28JVT-AE010%29.pdf
[22] T. Wiegand, et al, “Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard” IEEE Trans.Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, pp. 560-576, June 2003.
[23] AVS Video Expert Group, “Information Technology – Advanced coding of audio and video – Part 2: Video (AVS1-P2 JQP FCD 1.0),” Audio Video Coding Standard Group of China (AVS), Doc. AVS-N1538, Sep. 2008.