carey munoz nomenclature writing names from formulas
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© Carey Munoz You need four “flaps.” Do not write these numbers on your flaps! To cut “flaps,” cut only the top half of the folded paper. 1234TRANSCRIPT
© Carey Munoz© Carey Munoz
NomenclatureNomenclatureWriting Names from Writing Names from
FormulasFormulas
© Carey Munoz
First, fold your First, fold your paper in half like paper in half like
this.this.Not this.Not this.
© Carey Munoz
You need four “flaps.”You need four “flaps.”
Do not write these numbers on your flaps!
To cut “flaps,” cut only the top half of the folded paper.
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© Carey Munoz
There are four flaps of There are four flaps of information.information.
The compound starts with a Group 1,2 or
13 metal
The compound starts with a
transition metal or Sn, Bi
or Pb
The compound starts with a
nonmetal
The compound starts with H
Note – Ag, Zn and Cd don’t need roman numerals
Ag is always Ag+
Zn is always Zn2+
Cd is always Cd2+
Cation + Anion
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Special Information•It is ionic.•The subscripts are present to balance the charges of the ions.•The subscripts are not used in the name .
To write the name of the formula
To write the name of the formula
To write the name of the formula
Special Information•It is ionic.•The subscripts are present to balance the charges of the ions.•The subscripts are not used in the name .
To write the name of the formula
•Write name of cation •Write the name of the anion
Make sure ending is –ide.•Either ion may be a polyatomic ion; use its name.
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ExamplesNaCl•Sodium Chloride
NH4NO3•Ammonium Nitrate
Al2O3•Aluminum Oxide
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•Write name of cation (the positive metallic ion; it is first)•Write the name of the anion (the negative nonmetallic ion; it is second) Change ending to –ide.•Either ion may be a polyatomic ion; use the name of the ion.
•Write name of cation (the positive metallic ion; it is first)•Write the name of the anion (the negative nonmetallic ion; it is second) Change ending to –ide.•Either ion may be a polyatomic ion; use the name of the ion.
To write the name of the formula
•Write name of cation •The cation needs a roman numeral that represents the charge(+1 → I; +2 → II; +3 → III; +4 → IV)•Write the name of the anion
Make sure ending is –ide.•The anion may be a polyatomic ion; use the name of the ion.
To figure out the charge of the cation:•Determine the charge of the anion – the negative part.•Determine what charge is required for the cation to balance the anion.
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ExamplesFe2O3
•Iron(III) Oxide
CuSO4•Copper(II) Sulfate
Pb(NO3)4•Lead(IV) Nitrate
Fe2O3
2-3+
CuSO4
2-2+ Note – the “4” is part of
the polyatomic ion sulfate; it is not there to balance charges
Pb(NO3)4
1-4+
The positive charge of the cation is determined by balancing the overall negative charge of the anion.
Examples
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Prefixes•1 – Mono•2 – Di•3 – Tri•4 – Tetra
To write the name of the formula
•Write the name of the first element – remember it is a nonmetal.•Write the name of the second element – it’s also a nonmetal. Change ending to –ide.•Use prefixes that go with the subscript for each element.
Prefixes•5 – Penta•6 – Hexa•7 – Hepta•8 – Octa
Prefixes•9 – Nona•10 – DecaNote – the prefix “mono” is not used with the first element.
To write the name of the formula
•Write the name of the first element – remember it is a nonmetal.•Write the name of the second element – it’s also a nonmetal. Change ending to –ide.•Use prefixes that go with the subscript for each element.
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ExamplesCO•Carbon Monoxide
CO2•Carbon Dioxide
N2O4•Dinitrogen Tetroxide
P4O10•Tetraphorphorus Decoxide
Note – the prefix “mono” is not used with the first element in either of these examples.
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To write the name of the formula
•Determine the name of the anion.
•If the anion ends in “ide”, then the acid is named like this:hydro___________ ic acid• If the anion ends in “ate”, then the acid is named like this:__________ ic acid•If the anion ends in “ite”, then the acid is named lilke this:__________ ous acid
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Acid Acid FormulaFormula
Anion Anion FormulaFormula
Anion Anion NameName Acid NameAcid Name
HFHF FF-- FluorFluorideide HydroHydrofluorfluoriicc Acid Acid
HH22SOSO44 SOSO442-2- SulfSulfateate SulfurSulfuricic
AcidAcid
HH22SOSO33 SOSO332-2- SulfSulfiteite SulfurSulfurousous
AcidAcid