World Heart Day

World Heart Day

Celebrated on 29th September very year

Started in 2000 by World heart Federation, GenevaSwitzerland

To inform people that Heart Disease and Stroke are Worlds Leading cause of Death

Claiming 17,300,000 deaths

How to keep a healthy heart

“What World do on World Heart Day”

“UnderstandingBlood Pressure”

What is it? How and Why does it occur? Why is it Important? What is my blood pressure? What relation between Blood Pressure,

Heart attack, Stroke? How do I prevent not to have Hyper or

Hypo tension?

Objectives of Today

Facts Blood pressure

Hypertension is Most common Heart problem

“Silent Killer”- 20-40% in urban adults and 12-17%

among rural adults in India Affects 214 million in 2025 67% of those with hypertension were

unaware of their diagnosis

“What is Blood Pressure”

Importance of blood pressure

It is necessary to supply blood to all body.

Pressure is characteristic of life. If pressure is more then normal is

called “HYPERTENSION” If the pressure is less then normal is

called “HYPOTENSION”

Normal Blood Pressure

120/80 mmHgSystolic – Maximum

pressure of blood(120)

Diastolic – Minimum pressure of Blood(80)

Instruments

Abnormal blood pressure

Variation in Blood Pressure

Age: 3 years110/63

Age: 10 years115/76

Pregnancy:110/70

Age:20-40 years120/80

Age: New born70/40

Age:80 years160/95

When your blood pressure changes Normally????

Risk Factor

HYPERTENSION

Age Race : Black,

Americans Family History Obese No physically active Smoking and Tobacco Drinking Much salt in Diet Stress M>F

HYPOTENSION

Hypertension on medicine

Shock Blood loss Anemia Sever infections Head injury

Risk Factor for High Blood Pressure

AGE RAC

E

FAMILY HISTORY

SMOKING

SEDENTORY LIFE

OBESITY

STRESS

SALT IN FOOD

DRINKING

When should I check my blood pressure???

Once a month – its silent disease Nervousness Sweating Difficulty sleeping Facial flushing Dizziness Fainting Lying to standing dizziness

Hypertension (HTN)

Blood pressure in excess of normal range for age and gender. > 140/90 mm Hg.

Primary or essential hypertension(95%): Is the result of a complex or poorly

understood process.Secondary hypertension:

Is a result of a known disease process.  endocrine diseases, kidney diseases, and tumors

Dangers of Hypertension

Dangers of High Blood Pressure

Renal failure

Left ventricular

failure

Myocardial

infraction

Retinal hemorrhage

Stroke

Dangers of High Blood Pressure

Increase in size of heart Cerebral hemorrhage

Dangers of High Blood Pressure

Treatment of Hypertension

Medications: Diuretics:▪ Increase urine volume.

Beta-blockers:▪ Decrease HR.

Calcium antagonists:▪ Block Ca2+ channels.

ACE inhibitors:▪ Inhibit conversion to angiotensin II.

Angiotension II-receptor antagonists:▪ Block receptors.

Treatment of Hypertension

Modification of lifestyle: Cessation of smoking. Moderation in alcohol intake. Weight reduction. Programmed exercise. Reduction in Na+ intake. Diet high in K+.

Hypotension

Blood pressure is LESS than normal.

Systolic <90 mm Hg or Diastolic <60 mm Hg. 90/60mm Hg

Clinical features

Frequent fatigue, weakness Dizziness or light-headedness Does not get heart or renal problems

Management

The key to managing this condition is individually tailored therapy.

The goal of treatment is to improve the patient's functional capacity and quality of life, preventing injury, rather than to achieve a target BP.

The patient (and carers) should be educated - eg, foods, habits, positions and drugs.

Avoid triggers - eg, high temperature environments.

Review any medication being taken. Advise the elderly on standing slowly Dorsiflexing the feet first and even crossing the

legs whilst upright. Raising the head of the bed A morning dose of caffeine as coffee or tablet

form can be effective.

Myth about Blood Pressure

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