+ chapter 7 using integrated teaching methods. + integrated teaching methods combining direct and...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 7Using Integrated Teaching Methods
+Integrated Teaching Methods
Combining direct and indirect delivery of instruction
Encourages self-directed learning, giving students more control and responsibility for their own learning
Promotes the use of technology and the Internet giving teachers access to vast amounts of information
The Methods: demonstrations, the Socratic method, concept attainment, cooperative learning, games, simulations, and individualized instruction
The Demonstration Method
Use materials and displays to present information to students accompanied with a verbal explanation or discussion
Students conduct demonstrations arousing their interest and involvement
+The Demonstration Method (cont.)Begin with an introduction
Simply and as much to the point as possible complete the demonstration
Follow-up with a check for understanding
Plan student engagement for success (seating, questions…)
+The Demonstration Method: GuidelinesPace the demo so students can follow.Break the demo into small components and demonstrate each component separately
If necessary repeat steps until students understand.
When you are sure the students understand, put all the pieces together and conduct the entire demo
+The Socratic Method (pg 200)
A questioning-and-interaction sequence designed to draw information out of students
General Pattern:1) First a broad, open-ended question that most
students can answer is asked.2) The next set of questions begins to narrow the
range of responses and focuses the students’ thinking onto the topic.
3) Review statements are interspersed among the questions in order to keep the main points in the forefront.
4) A concluding question then brings the students to the desired end point.
Concept Attainment Students search for and identify attributes
that can be used to distinguish examples of a given group or category from nonexamples
This takes time to plan and prepare for with students.
Nouns Non-Nouns
BoatTreeHorseTruckElephant
WalkRunPrettyHungryColorful
+ Cooperative Learning
mixed ability groups
High, middle, and low learners balance in each group
Rewards for team performance
Roles should be assigned to group members for Individual accountability
Several different forms: Peer Tutoring ,Group Investigation, Jigsaw
+Cooperative Learning: Peer TutoringTeacher presents the material to the
students
Student pairs use structured exercises to reinforce the new material
Students take turns being the tutor and provide each other with immediate feedback
+Cooperative Learning: Group Investigation
Student group investigates or solves some common problem
Students develop their group goals, assign responsibilities, and bring project to completion
Teachers responsible for heterogeneous grouping, facilitating the investigation, and monitoring student effort
+Jigsaw Strategy
Teams work to investigate a common topic (broad in scope)
Individual members assigned subjects within the topic
Members of different teams who have studied the same subject convene to review and analyze material
Members then return to original team where they take turns teaching their part to other team members
Comprehensive quiz administered to assess learning
+Technology Integration
Technology should play an integral part in the learning process
Student level of comfort with technology makes it a motivator
Variety of ways….
Effective Instructional Strategies, Second EditionChapter 7 Using Integrated Teaching Methods
+Simulations and Games
An artificial situation that represents reality but that removes the risk to the individual involved.
2 basic typesHuman simulationsPerson-to-computer simulations
+Simulations and Games (cont.)Role-playing (Tech or Live)
acting out of roles in recreating eventsstudent tries to “become” another
individual to understand the person’s actions and motivations
involves a structure, issue to be resolvedin some cases involves a winner and a
loserfollowed by a debriefing session
+Simulations and Games (cont.)
Educational Gamesinvolves students in decision-making
roles, competing for certain objectivesreflect societyoffer participants the opportunity to
experience roles that are present in life
+Simulations and Games (cont.)Benefits
actively involve students
provide immediate feedback
practice of communication skills
high degree of interest and enthusiasm
allow teachers to work with a wide range of student capabilities at the same time
promote and reward analytical and critical thinking
allow experimentation with a model of the real environment
Limitations
•demand a great deal of imagination
•commercially produced products can be costly
•informal relationships can develop between teacher and students
+Individualized Strategies:
Individualized Instruction
Individualized Instruction engages students in learning plans designed to meet their interests, needs, and abilities.
Individualize instruction by varying…
the learning pace the instructional objectives the learning method the learning materials
+Individualized Strategies: Independent Study
Any educational activity carried out by an individual with little or no guidance
Self-directed learningActivity selected by the learnerAllows teacher to work w/ individual
studentsEx: library research, tutoring, center
instruction
+Individualized Strategies: Mastery Learning
Takes a group approach to learning
Diagnostic-corrective-enrichment model where students work on objectives until mastery is achieved
+Effectiveness of Individualization
Can lead to higher student achievement
Best for self-motivated learners
Works best when monitored and planned closely
Most effective approach is a mix of direct and individualized instruction
Teachers play a key role
+Drill and Practice
provides students with needed accuracy and/or speed
drill concerned with recall of associations
practice concerned with improvement
flexibility and variety are key
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WHATEVER WORKS!!!
Based on these three chapters --Direct Instruction, Indirect Instruction and now Integrated Instruction ..
the conclusion is there are many ways to instruct students ..but each teacher needs to use…