{ development of greek society chapter 10/ standard mwh -2.1. evaluate the consequences of the...
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{
Development of Greek Society Chapter 10/ Standard MWH -2.1. Evaluate the consequences of
the changing boundaries of kingdoms in Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa.
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Heroditus Histories Homer Aristophanes- comedies Hesiod – mythology Sappho – female love Plato – male love Thucydides – founder of scientific history
How do we know so much about the Ancient Greeks?
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Homer
Alleged to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey
Iliad: Greek story about the siege of Troy centered around Achilles (aka: Brad Pitt)
Odyssey: Greek story about Odysseus’s journey home from the Trojan war
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What do these stories tell us about Greek Society?
Greeks traveled widely Greeks are good with
their hands Greeks like women (as
objects, not as equals) Greeks were a seafaring
people The Mediterranean was
a highway, not a barrier to trade, communication, and cultural exchange.
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Minoan Society
2000 BCE – 1700 BCE
Established on the island of Crete
Knossos complex
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Knossos Palace
Nerve center of society
Ruler’s home Storehouses Tax collection Workplace of
palace officials Linear A
Symbols stood for syllables
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Palace complex Knossos
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What was so great about Minoans?
Sailed all over the Mediterranean
Used Phoenician designs for ships
Traded w/Greece, Anatolia, Phoenicia, Egypt
Traded wine, olive oil, & wool for grain, textiles, and manufactured goods (ie: pottery)
Established colonies on Cyprus & other islands
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Indoor plumbing and Bulls
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So why aren’t we using Linear A today?
Around 1700 BCE – earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tidal waves
They rebuilt even bigger complexes which attracted invaders
By 1100 BCE they fell under foreign domination by… the Mycenean’s
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Because of the Myceneans?
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How did the Myceneans take over the Minoans?
From 1500 to 1000 BCE Myceneans overpowered? the Minoans
Established Linear B
Established settlements in Anatolia, Sicily, and S. Italy
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Hints
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Sparta & Athens, examples of ?
POLIS: local refuge Started as a town,
became a city, needed a government, etc.
Monarchies, collective rule, tyrants
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Spartan Culture
Made helots of people
Austere equality Social status
determined by abilities as a warrior
Families delayed Why did they need a
strong military culture?
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{ {Man
Vote Military service No say-so over
children Own property
Woman
No Vote Vigorous exercise No say-so over
children No property
ownership
Which city?
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{ {Man
Direct Vote ostracism Military service
for the poor Say-so over
children Own property
Woman
No Vote Vigorous exercise No say-so over
children Property control
w/ dowry & inheritance
Which city?
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Solon’s Solution for Athens
Aristocrats keep land No more debt slavery and free
pass for debt Commoners representation in
the council of 400 Reformed judicial system
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{
Did Solon’s reforms make Athens a democratic state?
Why is this an important detail?
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{461 BCE to 429 BCEBrought Athens into a new age of democracy
Pericles
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Why would the Greeks find it necessary to colonize?
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What are some commonalities about Greek colonization?
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Began settlement in the 8th century BCE Settled Sicily and S. Italy 1st
Colonies brought in agricultural goods and became lucrative markets
More Greeks lived in colonies than on the mainland
Colonized heavily in the black sea region Not a national policy Increased trade, communication, and
cultural exchange
Greek Colonization Facts
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What’s the Greco-Persian conflict about?
Persian Wars 500-479 BCE
Persian rulers Cyrus & Darius & Xerxes
Familiarity w/ the names of major battles
Why did it stop?
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Persian Conflict
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The Delian League
Ask yourself… why did the people who joined the Delian league do so? Why did those who abstained do so?
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Based on what you know about the cultural differences between Sparta & Athens along with the alliances present in the Delian league do you believe the cause of war cited in the Illiad is based on factual events or is a cover for deeper divisions?
With a partner write a 5 sentence power packed defense of your position. You have 10 minutes.
Thesis (3) 1 sentence reasoning statements 1 conclusion statement
The Peloponnesian War
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Now, create a group of 4 and read both statements present aloud.
As a group, synthesize your statements into one statement that represents the strongest argument.
Elect a representative to read the statement to the class.
Class will vote on the strongest statement and will debate the reasons for their choice.
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Rise of the Macedonians
Phillip the 2 Leadership built on
strength, not heredity
Built a strong military
After gaining control of Macedon turned his attention to Greece
Assassinated in 336 BCE
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Alexander the Great
Came to power at 20 years old
Unlimited ambition
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What’s so great about Alexander?
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The Alexander conspiracy theory. Never mix love and
politics.
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{ {Alexander’s Holdings Alex’s General’s Holdings
Hellenistic Empires
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The period between the death of Alexander the Great and the Roman empire refers to the expansion of Greek cultural traditions beyond the traditional borders of Greece.
And the question is…
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Hellenistic Empires
Bactrian Ptolemaic Selucid
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Trade How did these trade networks contribute
to a larger sense of Greek community between the various empires in the region?
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{•Helped to contribute to the spirit of collective identity.•Not the benign games of today.
The Olympic Games
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Greek Society & Women
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Greek Society & Children
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{ {Socrates 470-399 BCE No writings Reflection on the
purposes and goals of life
Corrupting the youth of Athens
Plato 384-322 BCE
Socrates disciple Wrote down
Socrates ideas Theory of forms The Republic –
the ideal state
Philosophy
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{Smart Research:What is it? What does it mean? Where did you find it?
Plato’s allegory of the cave
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{ {Aristotle
Disciple of Plato Disagreed with his
forms philosophy Rules of logic Relied on the
natural world Influenced later
Christian scholars
Greek Philosophers
Later Christian and Islamic scholars aligned their view with early Greek philosophers
Philosophy
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Religion
Greek Pantheon of dieties
Cults (Dionysis)
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Based on this textual evidence, how important was the theater in ancient Greek society?
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Epicureans – quiet pleasure the greatest good
Skeptics – refusal to take strong positions
Stoics – duty to help others and be virtuousIn what ways have
these philosophies influenced religious history?
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Describe the difference in Greek political organization as compared with other civilizations you have previously studies. What are the main differences? Similarities?
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{
Don’t just memorize, THINK!
Now write… thinking about Greek society, the people, philosophies, wars, lifestyle, etc.
Help me form a question that will encapsulate the information from this chapter into a usable form.