(E) = S(E) e–2E-1

2 mmmm

Reaction Rate(star) (E) (E) dE

Gamow Peak

MaxwellBoltzmann

Extrap. Meas.

Carlo Broggini, INFN-Padova

Stellar Energy+Nucleosynthesis

(Estar) with Estar << ECoulomb Hydrogen Burning

LUNA, the Sun and the other stars

S(E)

Laboratory for UndergroundNuclear Astrophysics

Voltage Range :50-400 kV Output Current: 1 mA (@ 400 kV)

Absolute Energy error±300 eV

Beam energy spread: <100 eV

Long term stability (1 h) :5 eV

Terminal Voltage ripple:5 Vpp Ge detector

p + p d + e+ + e

d + p 3He +

3He +3He +2p 3He +4He 7Be +

7Be+e- 7Li + +e 7Be + p 8B +

7Li + p 8B 2 + e++ e

pp chain

6% prediction of 7Be solar neutrino flux, opacity dominanterror source

Proto-stars and BBN

In search of the resonance

85%

3He (3He,2p)4He

Q = 12.86 MeV

min= 0.02 pb

Epmax= 10.7 MeV

Suppression of 7Be

and 8B ?

14N(p,)15O

Q=7.3 MeV

cno

S1,14

Globular Cluster Age S(0)=3.5-1.6

+0.4 keV b (Ad98)

S(0)=3.2-0.8+0.8 keV b (An99)

E<1.20 MeV

E<1.73 MeV

- 504

-21

278

1414N+pN+p

729772977556

7276

68596793

6176

5241

5183

01515OO

1/2 +

7/2 +

5/2 +

3/2 +

3/2 -

5/2 +

1/2 +

1/2 -

“High” energy: solid target + HpGe

gamma spectrum of 14N(p,)15O at 140 keV beam energy

14N(p,)15O

Low energy: gas target + BGO

beam energy 90 keV

*½cno from the Sun * Globular Cluster age +1Gy * more C at the surface of

AGB

From a measurement of cno from the Sun

St(0)=1.61±0.18 keV b

New study with a ‘clover’ detector of the capture to the ground state

St(0)=1.57±0.13 keV b

Metallicity of the Sun core (C+N)Photosphere and core metallicity equal?

2005: solar composition problem

2H(α,)6Li Q=1.47 MeV

15N(p,)16O Q=12.13 MeV

17O(p,)18F Q=5.6 MeV

23Na(p,)24Mg Q=11.7 MeV

22Ne(p,)23Na Q=8.8 MeV

18O(p,)19F Q=8.0 MeV

25Mg(p,)26Al Q=6.3 MeV

LUNA beyond the Sun: isotope production in the hydrogen burning shell of AGB stars (~30-100 T6), Nova nucleosynthesis (~100-500 T6) and BBN

............

down to 70 keV reduced by factor 2

down to 92 keV resonance: the lowest ever directly measured resonance strength

12C(,)16O the ‘Holy Grail’ of nuclear astrophysics

13C(,n)16O, 22Ne(,n)25Mg the stellar sources of the neutrons responsible for the S-process

(,) on 14N, 15N, 18O……

LUNA beyond the Hydrogen burning: 3.5 MV accelerator @Gran Sasso

- Letter of Intent to LNGS 2007

- Round Table @LNGS 2/2011 http://luna.lngs.infn.it/

Proposal

3He(,)7Be:

14N(p,)15O: down to 70 keV

cno reduced by 2 with 8% error Sun core metallicity Globular cluster age increased by 0.7-1 Gy More carbon at the surface of AGB stars

3He (3He,2p)4He: down to 16 keV no resonance within the solar Gamow Peak

ΔΦ(Be) reduced to 6%

7Be ≈ prompt

15N(p,)16O: down to 70 keV, reduced by 2 25Mg(p,)26Al: first measurement of the 92 keV resonance Future: Hydrogen burning in shell, Helium burning

INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

D.Bemmerer,C.Broggini,A.Caciolli,P.Corvisiero,H.Costantini, Z.Elekes, A.Formicola, Z. Fülöp, G.Gervino,A.Guglielmetti, C.Gustavino, G. Gyurky, G. Imbriani, M.Junker, A.Lemut, M.Marta,C.Mazzocchi,R.Menegazzo, P.Prati, V.Roca, C.Rolfs, C.RossiAlvarez,E.Somorjai,O.Straniero,F.Strieder, F.Terrasi,H.P.Trautvetter

•INFN : Genova, LNGS, Milano, Napoli, Padova, Torino•Inst.Physik mit Ionenstrahlen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum•Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf•Atomki Debrecen

LUNALUNA

3He(,)7Be

Solar Neutrinos: 7Be,8B

S34

BBN 7Li

Q=1.6 MeV

down to 93 keV 7Be ≈ prompt

SS3434(0) = 0.567 (0) = 0.567 0.018 keV barn 0.018 keV barn

ΔΦ(B) reduced to 11%

ΔΦ(Be) reduced to 6% (dominant error source:

opacity) Borexino

0,45

0,47

0,49

0,51

0,53

0,55

0,57

80 100 120 140 160 180

Ecm [keV]

S(E

) [k

eV b

]

activation-PRL+PRC

activation

on-line