energy enters an ecosystem through the autotrophs autotrophs then pass the energy on to the...
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Energy enters an ecosystem through the autotrophs
Autotrophs then pass the energy on to the different levels of heterotrophs (consumers) through ingestion or decomposition
Types of consumers› primary consumers
(herbivores)› secondary consumers
(carnivores)› ditritivores
(decomposers)
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Primary productivity - a term used to describe the amount of energy produced by photosynthetic organisms in a community
Gross primary productivity is the total organic matter produced
Net primary productivity (NPP) is a measure of the amount of organic matter produced in a community in a given time that is available for heterotrophs
Biomass – total mass of all the organisms living in an ecosystem
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the amount of organic material per square meter per year that an ecosystem produces
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Secondary productivity - the rate of a biomass production by heterotrophs
Where does all the energy in plants go?› Not consumed by herbivores, but by
decomposers› Passed through the herbivores body to it’s
feces and consumed by the decomposers› Consumed by herbivores and lost as heat
produced by work
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Community Energy Budgets› Communities with
higher productivity can in theory support longer food chains
Factors Limiting Community Productivity› The amount of
sunlight it receives, determines how much photosynthesis can occur
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There are usually far more individuals at the lower trophic levels of any ecosystem than at the higher levels
The biomass of the primary producers in an ecosystem is greater than the biomass of the primary consumers
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Some aquatic ecosystems have inverted biomass pyramids
But the pyramid of energy is cannot be inverted
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The energy loss in each successive trophic level limits the amount of carnivores that an ecosystem can support