ارجنومكس ergonomics
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ارجنومكس ErgonomicsTRANSCRIPT
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Ergonomics
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What Is Ergonomics
* Ergonomics is the science of fitting the job to the worker. When there is a mismatch between the physical requirements of the job and the physical capacity of the worker, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) can result.
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Unsafe Situations
• Repetitive tasks
• Improper posture
• Improper lifting
• Poor tool design
• Poor lighting and glare
• Noise
• Temperature extremes.
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Twelve Principles Of Ergonomics
• 1- Keep everyting in easy reach
• 2- Work at proper heights
• 3- Reduce excessive force
• 4- Work in good postures
• 5- Reduce excessive repetition
• 6- Minimize fatigue
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Continued
• 7- Minimize direct pressure
• 8- Provide adjustability and change posture
• 9- Provide clearance and access
• 10- Maintain a comfortable environment
• 11- Enhance clarity and understanding
• 12- Improve work organization
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1- Keep Everything in Easy Reach
• Keep products, parts, and tools that are frequently needed within easy reach.
• Long reaches often cause you to twist, bend, and strain which in turn makes work more difficult.
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Easy Reach
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Work At Proper Heights
• A common workplace problem is a mismatch in heights between employees and the work that they are doing.
• This leads to a poor postures and unnecessary work.
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Proper Heights
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3- Reduce Excessive Forces
• Excessive forces load the muscles, creating a potential for fatigue and injury.
• Power grips are less stressful than pinch grip.
• Use tool grips that are neither too wide nor too small.
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Reduce Excessive Forces
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Reduce Excessive Forces
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4- Work In Good Posture
• Use tools, equipment, and workstation layouts that allow you to work in the best possible posture.
• Good posture reduces the stress on your body and makes it easier for doing the job.
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Work In Good Posture
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5- Reduce Excessive Repetition
• Minimizing the number of motions required to do a task reduce the wear and tear on your body.
• Allow machines to do repetition for you.
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Reduce Excessive Repetition
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6- Minimize Fatigue
• Overloading your physical and mental capabilities can contribute to injuries, accidents, poor quality
• Good design of your jobs can help prevent undesirable fatigue.
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7- Minimize Direct Pressure
• Direct pressure is uncomfortable.
• It can inhibit nerve function and blood flow.
• It commonly affects :• Palm of the hands• Forearms• Thighs
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Minimize Direct Pressure
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8- Provide Adjustability and Change of Posture
• Adjustability makes it easier to customize your workstation to fit your needs.
• Maintain better heights and reaches and to avoid pressure points and awkward postures.
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Continued
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9- Provide Clearance and Access
• It is important that you have both adequate workspace and easy access to everything you need.
• Clearance is needed for your: Head, Arms, Feet, Knees, Torso.
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Clearance and Access
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10- Maintain a Comfortable Environment
• Seek to create surrounding conditions that enhance your ability to get the job done.
• Appropriate Lighting• Avoid Temperature
Extremes• Isolate Vibration
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Comfortable Environment
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11- Enhance Clarity and Understanding
• Mistakes and errors may result from poor design of the displays and controls you use.
• The configuration and layout of these displays and controls can enhance or hinder your performance.
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12- Improve Work Organization
• Improvements can be made in the system which your work is organized.
• Plan, Be involved, Communicate, Enlarge jobs, Be part of the team, Be considerate.
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Cumulative Trauma
• One of the important goals of ergonomics is to prevent a type of disorder called “cumulative Trauma”
• Wear and tear on the tissue surrounding your joints.
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Symptoms of CTD
• Limited range of motion
• Stillness in joints
• Numbness or tingling sensations
• Popping and cracking in the joints
• Redness, swelling, and local skin warmth
• Weakness and clumsiness
• “Burning” sensations
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Risk Factors
• Repetition
• Force
• Awkward Postures
• Direct Pressure
• Vibration
• Temperature Extremes
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
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Good Posture
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Work Station
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Erg
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erg
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Seated – Work Range
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When Getting Something From the Ground