■Essential Question:–What role did the United States

play as an imperial power in Asia & Latin America?

■Warm Up Question:

115 years after gaining independence from Britain, the United States was an industrial & imperial power How did this happen?

The United States: 1790-1820

The U.S. Economy:From 1790 to 1820,

most Americans were small-scale farmers

But, a few early textile mills were built in New England and…

...Eli Whitney’s cotton gin led to a boom in southern cotton & slavery

The United States: 1790-1820U.S. Territorial Expansion: The American

population expanded across the Appalachian Mountains

In 1803, Jefferson doubled the size of the USA & gained control of the Mississippi River when he

bought Louisiana from French Emperor Napoleon

The United States: 1790-1820

U.S. Foreign Policy:In these early years, the

American government was committed to neutrality in regards to foreign policy

The United States: 1820-1860The U.S. Economy:

From 1820 to 1860,

Southern cotton made up 60% of

American exportsThe North had a diverse economy based on farming textile production, & manufacturing Western farmers

were connected to Northern industry by roads, canals, &

railroads

The United States: 1820-1860U.S. Territorial Expansion:

From 1820 to 1860, the USA claimed its “Manifest Destiny” & gained new western lands in

Texas, Oregon, & the southwestBy 1850, the USA had all lands from the Atlantic to the Pacific

The United States: 1820-1860

U.S. Foreign Policy: In 1823, the U.S. declared a new

foreign policy called the Monroe Doctrine

The USA remained committed to

neutrality in Europe…

...but promised to protect the Western

Hemisphere from European colonization

The United States: 1860-1900The U.S. Economy:

From 1860 to 1900, the United States experienced an

industrial revolutionThe USA became a world leader in

railroads, oil, steel, & electricity

As America became more industrialized, it experienced a rise

in urbanization & immigration

The United States: 1860-1900U.S. Territorial

Expansion: The USA expanded

beyond North America & imperialized by gaining

new colonies in Latin America & Asia

The United States: 1860-1900U.S. Foreign Policy:

With its industry & strong navy, the USA became

the “police power” of the Western Hemisphere

Why did the United States imperialize?

By 1890, there were no new lands in the west to expand into & Americans

wanted overseas colonies

American factories needed new sources of

raw materials & markets to sell their goods

Why did the United States imperialize? Americans felt the need to keep up with European imperialists The U.S. had a modern navy &

belief that it could compete with other powerful nations

Why did the United States imperialize? Like Europeans,

Americans believed in Social Darwinism &

that they had a duty to “civilize” the “inferior

races” of the world

So, what did the USA gain during

Age of Imperialism?

U.S. Imperialism: HAWAIIFrom 1820 to 1890, Americans moved

to Hawaii as missionaries & fruit plantation owners

In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani came to

power & tried to reduce the power of Americans

living in Hawaii

Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893 & Hawaii was annexed by the USA in 1898

U.S. Imperialism: CHINABy the 1890s, European imperial powers carved China into spheres of influence, giving them exclusive trade rights in Chinese ports

In 1899, the USA declared an Open Door Policy in China to allow free trade by any nation in any port

U.S. Imperialism: CUBAIn 1895, Cubans declared their independence from Spain; To put down the revolution, Spain used brutal tactics (like starvation)

In 1898, the U.S. sent the USS Maine to Cuba to protect American interests there;

After the ship mysteriously exploded, Americans declared war on Spain

The U.S. easily won the Spanish-American War to free Cuba & the Philippines from Spain

As a result of the Spanish-American War, Cuba gained its independence & the USA

annexed the Philippines, Guam, & Puerto Rico

When the Philippine people were not given independence, they led an

unsuccessful rebellion against the USA in the Filipino-American War in

1899

America’s Role in Latin AmericaBy 1904, the USA was a world power & declared that it had “police power” to protect

Latin America from European imperialism

U.S. Imperialism: PANAMA CANALBy 1900, one of America’s main goals was to build a canal in PanamaAfter the Colombian gov’t rejected America’s offer to build a canal in

Panama, the U.S. encouraged Panama to break from Colombia

In 1903, Panama allowed the U.S. to build the

canal & the canal was completed by 1914

Click here to see how the Panama Canal works

By the 20th century, the U.S. was a world power

The U.S. was a world leader in industry & had one of the most powerful militaries

in the world The USA gained

Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines……created an Open

Door policy in China……& had influence

over Latin America