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EXHIBIT 16

Case 1:13-cv-01215-TSC Document 164-24 Filed 02/05/16 Page 1 of 35

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Copyright © 2007National Fire Protection Association®One Batterymarch ParkQuincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471

NFPA 70 is a trademark of the National Fire Protection Association.

NFPA, National Fire Protection Association, National Electrical Code, and NEC

are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association.

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NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides, of which the documentcontained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standards developmentprocess approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus onfire and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules topromote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate,or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained inits codes and standards.

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•

Copyright © 2007, National Fire Protection Association®. All Rights Reserved

NFPA iO™

Natnonai Elec~Irical Code®

2008 lEdlntimll

This edition of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, was prepared by the National Electrical CodeCommittee and acted on by NFPA at its June Association Technical Meeting held June 3-7, 2007, inBoston, MA. It was issued by the Standards Council on July 26, 2007, with an effective date of August15, 2007, and supersedes all previous editions.

This edition of NFPA 70 was approved as an American National Standard on August 15,2007.

HftstoJry and! Devellopmel1l1 of the National Electrical Code

The National Fire Protection Association has acted as sponsor of the National Electrical Code since1911. The original Code document was developed in 1897 as a result of the united efforts of variousinsurance, electrical, architectural, and allied interests.

In accordance with the provisions of the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects, aNational Electrical Code Committee Report on Proposals containing proposed amendments to the 2005National Electrical Code was published by NFPA in July 2006. This report recorded the actions of thevarious Code-Making Panels and the Correlating Committee of the National Electrical Code Committeeon each proposal that had been made to revise the 2005 Code. The report was circulated to all membersof the National Electrical Code Committee and was made available to other interested NFPA membersand to the public for review and comment. Following the close of the public comment period, theCode-Making Panels met, acted on each comment, and reported their action to the Correlating Committee. NFPA published the National Electrical Code Committee Report on Comments in March 2007,which recorded the actions of the Code-Making Panels and the Correlating Committee on each publiccomment to the National Electrical Code Committee Report on Proposals. The National Electrical CodeCommitt,ee Report on Proposals and the National Electrical Code Committee Report on Comments werepresented to the 2007 June Association Technical Meeting for adoption.

NFPA has an Electrical Section that provides particular opportunity for NFPA members interested inelectrical safety to become better informed and to contribute to the development of the NationalElectrical Code and other NFPA electrical standards. At the Electrical Section Codes and StandardsReview Session held at the 2007 NFPA World Safety Conference and Exposition, Section members hadopportunity to discuss and review the report of the National Electrical Code Committee prior to theadoption of this edition of the Code by the Association at its 2007 June Technical Session.

This 51st edition supersedes all other previous editions, supplements, and printings dated 1897,1899, 1901, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1907, 1909, 1911, 1913, 1915, 1918, 1920, 1923, 1925, 1926, 1928,1930, 1931, 1933, 1935, 1937, 1940, 1942, 1943, 1947, 1949, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957,1958,1959,1962,1965,1968,1971,1975,1978,1981, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 1999,2002, and2005.

This Code is purely advisory as far as NFPA is concerned. It is made available for a wide variety ofboth public and private uses in the interest of life and property protection. These include both use in lawand for regulatory purposes, and use in private self-regulation and standardization activities such asinsurance underwriting, building and facilities construction and management, and product testing andcertification.

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2008 Edition NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 7G-l


CONTENTS

Contents

ARTICLE

90 Introduction

I. General .II. Over 600 Volts, Nominal .

110 Requirements for Electrical Installations .

I. General .II. 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less ..

III. Over 600 Volts, Nominal .IV. Tunnel Installations over 600 Volts,

Nominal .V. Manholes and Other Electrical

Enclosures Intended for PersonnelEntry, All Voltages ..

Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection

200 Use and Identification of GroundedConductors .

210 Branch Circuits .

I. General Provisions .II. Branch-Circuit Ratings ..

III. Required Outlets .

215 Feeders .

220 Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and ServiceCalculations .

I. General .II. Branch-Circuit Load Calculations .

III. Feeder and Service Load Calculations .IV. Optional Feeder and Service Load

Calculations .V. Farm Load Calculations .

225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders .

I. General .II. More Than One Building or Other

Structure '" .III. Over 600 Volts .

230 Services .

I. General .II. Overhead Service-Drop Conductors .

III. Underground Service-LateralConductors .

IV. Service-Entrance Conductors .V. Service Equipment - General .

VI. Service Equipment - DisconnectingMeans .

VII. Service Equipment - OvercurrentProtection .

VIII. Services Exceeding 600 Volts,Nominal .

240 Overcurrent Protection ..

I. General .II. Location .

Chapter 3 Wiring Methods and Materials

300 Wiring Methods ... . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. . . .. . 70-126

I. General Requirements ..... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-126II. Requirements for over 600 Volts,

Nominal 70-136

310 Conductors for General Wiring 70-138

312 Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter SocketEnclosures 70-164

I. Installation . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-164II. Construction Specifications 70-165

314 Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes;Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and HandholeEnclosures 70-167

I. Scope and General 70-167II. Installation 70-168

III. Construction Specifications 70-174IV. Pull and Junction Boxes for Use on

Systems over 600 Volts, Nominal 70-175

320 Armored Cable: Type AC 70-175

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-175II. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-175

•

70-124

70-12470-12570-125

I. General .II. Installation .

III. Connecting .

285

ARTICLE

III. Enclosures .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. .... 70- 90IV. Disconnecting and Guarding .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70- 90V. Plug Fuses, Fuseholders, and Adapters . .. 70- 90

VI. Cartridge Fuses and Fuseholders .. . . . . . . . .. 70- 91VII. Circuit Breakers 70- 91

VIII. Supervised Industrial Installations 70- 92IX. Overcurrent Protection over 600 Volts,

Nominal 70- 93

250 Grounding and Bonding 70- 94

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70- 94II. System Grounding 70- 97

III. Grounding Electrode System andGrounding Electrode Conductor 70-104

IV. Enclosure, Raceway, and ServiceCable .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 70-109

v. Bonding . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-109VI. Equipment Grounding and Equipment

Grounding Conductors 70-113VII. Methods of Equipment Grounding .. . . . . . .. 70-117

VIII. Direct-Current Systems 70-120IX. Instruments, Meters, and Relays .. . . . . . . . .. 70-121X. Grounding of Systems and Circuits of

1 kV and Over (High Voltage) 70-121

280 Surge Arresters, .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-123

I. General 70-123II. Installation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-124

III. Connecting Surge Arresters .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-124

70- 81

70- 83

70- 8370- 86

70- 57

70- 5770- 5870- 60

70- 6270- 66

70- 67

70- 67

70- 7070- 72

70- 73

70- 7370- 74

70- 7570- 7670- 78

70- 78

70- 80

70- 41

70- 43

70- 45

70- 4570- 4970- 52

70- 55

70- 21

70- 24

70- 2470- 31

70- 32

70- 3270- 3670- 38

70- 40

Chapter 1 General

Definitions100

70-2 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 2008 Edition


CONTENTS

• ARnClLlE

III. Construction Specifications 70-177322 Flat Cable Assemblies: Type FC 70-177

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-177II. Installation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-177

III. Construction 70-178

324 Flat Conductor Cable: Type FCC 70-178

I. General 7G-178II. Installation 70-178

III. Construction .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-180

326 Integrated Gas Spacer Cable: Type IGS 70-180


III. Construction Specifications 70-181

328 Medium Voltage Cable: Type MV 70-181



330 Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC 70-182

I.' General 70-182II. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-182


332 Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Cable:Type MI 70-184



334 Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM,NMC, and NMS 70-185



336 Power and Control Tray Cable: Type TC 70-188

I. General 70-188II. Installation 713-188

III. Construction Specifications 70-188338 Service-Entrance Cable: Types SE and

USE 7l[j)-189

I. General 70-189II. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-189

III. Construction .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-190340 Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit

Cable: Type UF 70-190



342 Intermediate Metal Conduit: Type IMC 70-191



344 Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC 70-192


III. Construction Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-194

ARnClLlE

348 Flexible Metal Conduit: Type FMC 70-194

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-194II. Installation 70-195

350 Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit: TypeLFMC 70-196



352 Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit: TypePVC 70-197

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-197II. Installation 70-197


353 High Density Polyethylene Conduit: TypeHDPE Conduit 70-200



354 Nonmetallic Underground Conduit withConductors: Type NUCC 70-201



355 R~infQrGeg.;'rh~(l'IlOsetting Resil) Conduit:1fYP~ Rl'RC ~ ~................ 70-203

I. General 70-203II. Installation 7lD-203


356 Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit:Type LFNC 70-205

I. General 7lD-205II. Installation 70-206


358 Electrical Metallic Tubing: Type EMT 70-207


III. Construction Specifications 70-208360 Flexible Metallic Tubing: Type FMT 70-208



362 Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing: Type ENT 70-210



366 Auxiliary Gutters 70-212



368 Busways 70-214

I. General Requirements 70-214II. Installation 7lD-214

III. Construction 7lD-215

2008 Edition NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 7G-3


CONTENTS

ARTICLE

IV. Requirements for Over 600 Volts,Nominal .

Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use

Flexible Cords and Cables 70-240I. General 70-240

370

372

374

376

378

380

382

384

386

388

390

392

394

396

398

400

Cablebus .

Cellular Concrete Floor Raceways .

Cellular Metal Floor Raceways .

I. Installation .II. Construction Specifications .

Metal Wireways .


III. Construction Specifications .

Nonmetallic Wireways .



Multioutlet Assembly .

Nonmetallic Extensions .


Strut-Type Channel Raceway .



Surface Metal Raceways ..



Surface Nonmetallic Raceways .



Underfloor Raceways .

Cable Trays .

Concealed Knob-and-Tube Wiring .



Messenger-Supported Wiring .


Open Wiring on Insulators ..



70-21670-21670-21770-218

70-21970-21970-219

70-21970-21970-22070-221

70-22170-22170-22270-22270-222

70-22270-223

70-22470-224

70-22470-22470-22570-226

70-22670-22670-22670-227

70-22770-22770-22770-22870-22970-23570-23570-23670-23670-237

70-23770-23770-237

70-23770-23870-239

ARTICLE

II. Construction Specifications .III. Portable Cables Over 600 Volts,

Nominal .

402 Fixture Wires ..

404 Switches : .

I. Installation .II. Construction Specifications .

406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors, andAttachment Plugs (Caps) .

408 Switchboards and Panelboards .

I. General .II. Switchboards .

III. Panelboards .IV. Construction Specifications .

409 Industrial Control Panels .



410 Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps .

I. General .II. Luminaire Locations ..

III. Provisions at Luminaire Outlet Boxes,Canopies, and Pans ..

IV. Luminaire Supports .V. Grounding .

VI. Wiring of Luminaires ..VII. Construction of Luminaires .

VIII. Installation of Lampholders .IX. Construction of Lampholders .X. Lamps and Auxiliary Equipment .

XI. Special Provisions for Flush andRecessed Luminaires .

XII. Construction of Flush and RecessedLuminaires .

XIII. Special Provisions forElectric-Discharge Lighting Systems of1000 Volts or Less ..

XlV. Special Provisions forElectric-Discharge Lighting Systems ofMore Than 1000 Volts ..

xv. Lighting Track ..XVI. Decorative Lighting and Similar

Accessories .

411 Lighting Systems Operating at 30 Volts orLess .

422 Appliances .


III. Disconnecting Means .IV. Construction .V. Marking .

424 Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment .


III. Control and Protection of FixedElectric Space-Heating Equipment .

IV. Marking of Heating Equipment .

70-249

70-25070-25170-255

70-25570-258

70-25870-262

70-26270-263 e70-26370-26470-265

70-26570-26670-26670-267

70-26770-268

70-26970-26970-27070-27170-27270-27370-27370-274

70-274

70-274

70-274

70-27670-277

70-277

70-27870-278

70-27870-27970-28170-28270·-28370-284

70-28470-284

70-28470-286



CONTENTS

• ARTICLE

V. Electric Space-Heating Cables 70-286VI. Duct Heaters 70-288

VII. Resistance-Type Boilers 70-289VIII. Electrode-Type Boilers 70-290

IX. Electric Radiant Heating Panels andHeating Panel Sets 70-290

426 Fixed Outdoor Electric Deicing andSnow-Melting Equipment 70-292


III. Resistance Heating Elements 70-293IV. Impedance Heating 70-294V. Skin-Effect Heating 70-294

VI. Control and Protection 70-295

427 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment forPipelines and Vessels 70-295


III. Resistance Heating Elements 70-296IV. Impedance Heating 70-297v. Induction Heating 70--297

VI. Skin-Effect Heating 70-298VII. Control and Protection 70-298

430 Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers 70-298

I. General 70-298II. Motor Circuit Conductors 70-304

III. Motor and Branch-Circuit OverloadProtection 70-306

IV. Motor Branch-Circuit Short-Circuitand Ground-Fault Protection 70-310

v. Motor Feeder Short-Circuit andGround-Fault Protection 70-313

VI. Motor Control Circuits 70-313VII. Motor Controllers 70-315

VIII. Motor Control Centers .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. 70-316IX. Disconnecting Means 70-317X. Adjustable-Speed Drive Systems 70-320

XI. Over 600 Volts, Nominal 70-321XII. Protection of Live Parts - All

Voltages 70-322XIII. Grounding - All Voltages 70-323XlV. Tables 70-324

440 Air-Conditioning and RefrigeratingEquipment 70-327

I. General 70-327II. Disconnecting Means 70-329

III. Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit andGround-Fault Protection 70-330

IV. Branch-Circuit Conductors 70--331v. Controllers for Motor-Compressors 70-331

VI. Motor-Compressor and Branch-CircuitOverload Protection 70-332

VII. Provisions for Room Air Conditioners 70-333

445 Generators 70-334

450 Transformers and Transformer Vaults(Including Secondary Ties) 70-335

I. General Provisions 70-335II. Specific Provisions Applicable to

Different Types of Transformers 70-339

AlRnClLE

III. Transformer Vaults 70-341

455 Phase Converters 70-342

I. General 70-342II. Specific Provisions Applicable to

Different Types of Phase Converters ....... 70-343

460 Capacitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-344

I. 600 Volts, Nominal, and Under 70-344II. Over 600 Volts, Nominal 70-344

470 Resistors and Reactors 70-345

I. 600 Volts, Nominal, and Under 70-345II. Over 600 Volts, Nominal 70-346

480 Storage Batteries .... ~ . .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-346

490 Equipment, Over 600 Volts, Nominal 70-347

I. General 70-347II. Equipment - Specific Provisions 70-347

Ill. Equipment - Metal-Enclosed PowerSwitchgear and Industrial ControlAssemblies 70-350

IV. Mobile and Portable Equipment 70-352V. Electrode-Type Boilers 70-352

ClJulljpJteJr' 5 §pedall O(CcUlp~llIrnde§

500 Hazardous (Classified) Locations, ClassesI, II, and III, Divisions 1 and 2 70-354

501 Class I Locations .. .. . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . 70-362

I. General , 70-362II. Wiring 70-363

III. Equipment 70-368

502 Class II Locations 7(1)-372

I. General 7([}-372II. Wiring 70-372


503 Class ITI Locations 70-378

I. General 70-378II. Wiring 70-378


504 Intrinsically Safe Systems 70-380

505 Class I, Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations 70-384

506 Zone 20, 21, and 22 Locations forCombustible Dusts ('Y{lgmtiDle~~~~!s.~f!!?:g~ :~~.. ~.::-.. :.. :' 70-398

510 Hazardous (Classified) Locations -Specific 70-404

511 Commercial Garages, Repair and Storage 70-404

513 Aircraft Hangars .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. 70-407

514 Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities . . .. . . . . . . . . .. 7G-410

515 Bulk Storage Plants 70--414

516 Spray Application, Dipping, and CoatingProcesses 70-419

517 Health Care Facilities 70-425

I. General 70-425

2008 Edition NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 7ij-5


CONTENTS

ARTICLE ARTICLE

551 Recreational Vehicles and RecreationalVehicle Parks 70-475

I. General 70-475II. Combination Electrical Systems 70-477

III. Other Power Sources . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-477IV Nominal 120-Volt or 1201240-Volt

Systems 70-478V Factory Tests 70-485

VI. Recreational Vehicle Parks 70-485

552 Park Trailers 70-488

I. General 70-488II. Low-Voltage Systems 70-488

III. Combination Electrical Systems 70-489IV. Nominal 120-Volt or 1201240-Volt

Systems 70-490V. Factory Tests 70-496

553 Floating Buildings 70-497

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. 70-497II. Services and Feeders .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. .... 70-497

III. Grounding , . . . . . . .. 70-497

555 Marinas and Boatyards 70-498

590 Temporary Installations 70-501

Chapter 6 Special Equipment

600 Electric Signs and Outline Lighting 70--504

I. General 70-504II. Field-Installed Skeleton Tubing f:iPd

~~i1i~g 70-508

604 Manufactured Wiring Systems 70-509

605 Office Furnishings (Consisting of LightingAccessories and Wired Partitions) 70-510

610 Cranes and Hoists 70-511

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-511II. Wiring 70-512

III. Contact Conductors .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. 70-514IV. Disconnecting Means 70-515V. Overcurrent Protection 70-515

VI. Control 70-516VII. Grounding 70-516

620 Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators,Moving Walks, Platform Lifts, andStairway Chairlifts .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-517

I. General . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-517II. Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70--519

III. Wiring 70-520IV. Installation of Conductors 70-523v. Traveling Cables 70--523

VI. Disconnecting Means and Control 70-524VII. Overcurrent Protection 70-526

VIII. Machine Rooms, Control Rooms,Machinery Spaces, and Control Spaces.... 70-526

IX. Grounding 70--527X. Emergency and Standby Power

Systems 70-527

625 Electric Vehicle Charging System 70-527

I. General 70-527

70-455

70-45570-45570-45670-457

70-45170-45270-453

70-453

70-45370-45370-454

70-44770-448

70-444

70-44470-446

Motion Picture and Television Studiosand Similar Locations 70-457

I. General 70-457II. Stage or Set 70-458

III. Dressing Rooms 70-460IV Viewing, Cutting, and Patching Tables 70-460V Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults 70-460

VI. Substations 70-460

Motion Picture Projection Rooms 70-461

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-461II. Equipment and Projectors of the

Professional Type 70-461III. Nonprofessional Projectors 70-462IV Audio Signal Processing,

Amplification, and ReproductionEquipment 70-462

Manufactured Buildings 70-462

Agricultural Buildings 70-463

Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, andMobile Home Parks 70-466

I. General .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. 70-466II. Mobile and t-.1<ln:lfactured Homes 70-467

Ill. Services and Feeders 70-474

:AnitLs~jnl~nlA,tttaCtioiis .

I. General .II. Control Circuits .

III. Control Circuit Wiring Methods ..

Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, and SimilarEvents .

I. General Requirements ..II. Power Sources .

III. Wiring Methods .IV Grounding and Bonding .

I. General .II. Fixed Stage Switchboards ..

III. Fixed Stage Equipment Other ThanSwitchboards .

IV Portable Switchboards on Stage .V. Portable Stage Equipment Other Than

Switchboards .VI. Dressing Rooms .

VII. Grounding .

540

545

547

550

530

525

II. Wiring and Protection 70-427III. Essential Electrical System 70-430IV Inhalation Anesthetizing Locations 70-437V X-Ray Installations 70-440

VI. Communications, Signaling Systems,Data Systems, Fire Alarm Systems,and Systems Less Than 120 Volts,Nominal 70-441

VII. Isolated Power Systems 70-442

518 Assembly Occupancies 70-443

520 Theaters, Audience Areas of MotionPicture and Television Studios,Performance Areas, and Similar Locations



CONTENTS

II. Installation 7~-573

III. Grounding and Bonding 70-574

685 Integrated Electrical Systems 70-575

I. General 70-575II. Orderly Shutdown 70-575

690 Solar Photovoltaic Systems 70-575

I. General 70-575II. Circuit Requirements 70-578

III. Disconnecting Means 70-580IV. Wiring Methods 70-581V. Grounding 70-583

VI. Marking 70-585VII. Connection to Other Sources 70-585

VIII. Storage Batteries 70-587IX. Systems over 600 Volts 70-588

692 Fuel Cell Systems 70-588

I. General 70-588II. Circuit Requirements 70-589

III. Disconnecting Means 70-589IV. Wiring Methods 70-590V. Grounding 70-590

VI. Marking 70-590VII. Connection to Other Circuits 70-590

VIII. Outputs Over 600 Volts 70-591

695 Fire Pumps 70-591

Ch21JPlter 7 Spedall COll1idlntions

700 Emergency Systems 70-596

I. General 70-596II. Circuit Wiring 70-597

III. Sources of Power 70-598IV. Emergency System Circuits for

Lighting and Power 70-600V. Control - Emergency Lighting

Circuits 70-600VI. Overcurrent Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-600

701 Legally Required Standby Systems 70-601

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-601II. Circuit Wiring .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. 70-602

III. Sources of Power 70-602IV. Overcurrent Protection . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-603

702 Optional Standby Systems ' 70-604

I. General .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 70-604II. Circuit Wiring ... .. .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. .. .. . . 70-605

III. Grounding .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-605IV. Sources of Power . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . .. .. .. ... 70-605

705 Interconnected Electric Power ProductionSources 70-605

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-605II. Utility-Interactive Inverters 70-608

III. Generators 70-609

~nt~9~ Qpe,t(}.t~()n~ Epwer Syst~ms~~q~)~r:-:: .-:. :~...~ .-~-:~-.. ~::-:-.. :~ ..:................. 70-609

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-609II. Circuit Wiring and Equipment 70-610

ARTICLE

70-52870-5287{)-529

70-529

70-531

70-531

70-532

70-53370-535

70-536

70-53670-53670-53770-538

70-538

70-53870-542

70-542

70-544

70-546

70-547

70-548

70-54870-54970-54970-549

70-550

70-55070-551

70-551

70-55470-555

70-558

70-55870-56170-56870-56870-57070-57270-572

Wiring Methods .Equipment Construction .Control and Protection .Electric Vehicle Supply EquipmentLocations .

Electroplating .

Industrial Machinery .

Electrically Driven or ControlledIrrigation Machines 70-556

1. General 70-556II. Center Pivot Irrigation Machines 70-558Swimming Pools, Fountains, and SimilarInstallations .

Eleqtr~n~&f_;'ff~~~'})fu'1ti~g-;~pa~e~ .I. General .

II. Electrined Truck Parking SpacesElectrical Wiring Systems .

III. Electrified Truck Parking Space SupplyEquipment .

IV. Transport Refrigerated Units (TRUs) ..

Electric Welders .

I. General .II. Arc Welders .

III. Resistance Welders .IV. Welding Cable .

Audio Signal Processing, Amplification,and Reproduction Equipment .

I. General .II. Permanent Audio System Installations .

III. Portable and Temporary Audio SystemInstallations .

Information Technology Equipment .

Sensitive Electronic Equipment .

Pipe Organs .

X-Ray Equipment ..

I. General .II. Control .

III. Transformers and Capacitors .IV. Guarding and Grounding .

Induction and Dielectric HeatingEquipment .

I. General .II. Guarding, Grounding, and Labeling .

Electrolytic Cells .

626

630

640

645

647

650

660

665

I. General .II. Permanently Installed Pools .

III. Storable Pools .IV. Spas and Hot Tubs ..V. Fountains .

VI. Pools and Tubs for Therapeutic Use .VII. Hydromassage Bathtubs .

682 Natural and Artincially Made Bodies ofWater 10-573

1. General 10-573

ARTICLE

II.III.IV.V.

668

669

670

e 675

680

2008 Edition NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 70-7


CONTENTS

ARTICLE

III. Power Sources and Connection . .. . . . . . . . .. 70-612IV. Overcurrent Protection ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 70-613V. System Performance and Analysis 70-614

720 Circuits and Equipment Operating at LessThan 50 Volts 70-614

725 Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3Remote-Control, Signaling, andPower-Limited Circuits 70-614

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-614II. Class 1 Circuits . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-615

III. Class 2 and Class 3 Circuits .. .. . .. .. .. .. 70-617IV. Listing Requirements ...... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. 70-622

727 Instrumentation Tray Cable: Type ITC 70-624

760 Fire Alarm Systems 70-625

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 70-625II. Non-Power-Limited Fire Alarm

(NPLFA) Circuits 70-626III. Power-Limited Fire Alarm (PLFA)

Circuits 70-628IV. Listing Requirements .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 70-631

770 Optical Fiber Cables and Raceways 70-633

I. General 70-633

Chapter 9 Tables

Percent of Cross Section of Conduit andTubing for Conductors ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-671

2 Radius of Conduit and Tubing Bends 70-671

4 Dimensions and Percent Area of Conduitand Tubing(Areas of Conduit or Tubing for theCombinations of Wires Permitted in Table1, Chapter 9) 70-672

5 Dimensions of Insulated Conductors andFixture Wires 70-676

ARTICLE

III. Protection 70-655IV. Grounding Methods .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . 70-656v. ~fi~!al~~H~jilij~~lfi~ds Within Buildings 70-657

VI. lIstIng Reci~trerrients 70-659

830 Network-Powered BroadbandCommunications Systems 70-660

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-660II. Cables Outside and Entering Buildings ... 70-662

III. Protection . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-664IV. Grounding Methods 70-666V. ~M~~l1~~i~ri1 Methods Within Buildings 70-667

VI. LIstIng-Requirements .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-669TABLES

70-68570-68670-68970-703

70-763

70-773

70-774

70-776

70--778

70-785

Annex E

Annex F

Annex D .

Annex A

Annex B

Annex C

Annex G .

Annex H .

Index .

Compact~9Pp~f~:~n9: Aluminum BuildingWire Nominal Dimensions and Areas 70-680

Conductor Properties .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 70-681

Alternating-Current Resistance andReactance for 600-Volt Cables, 3-Phase,60 Hz, 75°C (l67°F) - Three SingleConductors in Conduit 70-682

Class 2 and Class 3 Alternating-CurrentPower Source Limitations 70-684

Class 2 and Class 3 Direct-Current PowerSource Limitations 70-684PLFA Alternating-Current Power SourceLimitations 70-685PLFA Direct-Current Power SourceLimitations .

8

9

5A

II(B)

Il(A)

12(B)

12(A)

70-63470-63570-63570-63670-638

Chapter 8 Communications Systems

Communications Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-640

I. General .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-640II. Wires and Cables Outside and

Entering Buildings 70-641III. Protection 70-642IV. Grounding Methods .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70-644v. ~Il§laIla!~~I}!!M~tQ'[<1§, Within Buildings 70-645

VI. Li~tin£"R~q~i;~*;nent~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-647

Radio and Television Equipment 70-649

I. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70-649II. Receiving Equipment - Antenna

Systems 70-650III. Amateur Transmitting and Receiving

Stations - Antenna Systems 70-652IV. Interior Installation - Transmitting

Stations 70-653

Community Antenna Television and RadioDistribution Systems 70-653

I. General 70-653II. ~Q~0~{;l;l Cables Outside and Entering

BuildIngs 70-654

820

810

800



~•

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE COMMITTEE

NATiONAIL JEILlEC1rRlICAIL CODE COMMlI1r1rlElE

These lists represent the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Sincethat time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of thisdocument.

James W. Carpenter, ChairInternational Association of Electrical Inspectors, TX [E]

Mark W. lEarley, SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA

(nonvoting)

Jean A. O'Cmmor, Recording SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA

(nonvoting)

James IE. Brmlllsselll., Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ rUT]Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

Merton W. Bunker, Jr., U.S. Department of State, VA [U](VL to Document: 110, Document: 111, Document: 70,Document: 70B, Document: 70E, Document: 79)

WilBiam R. Drake, Marinco, CA [M]!Palmer JL. Hickman, National Joint Apprentice & TrainingCommittee, MD [L]

. Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersJohn R. Kovacik, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]William M. lLewis, Martinsville, IN [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilJim Pauley, Square D Company/Schneider Electric, KY [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationMichael D. Toman, MEGA Power Electrical Services, Inc.,MD [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationJohn W. TrogDia, Edison Electric Institute, WI rUT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEIRobert G. 'Wilkinson, IEC Texas Gulf Coast, TX [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

AlternatesJeffrey Boksiner, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ rUT]

(All. to 1. E. Brunssen)

James M. Daly, General Cable, NJ [M](All. to J. Pauley)

Stanley J. IFolz, Morse Electric Company, NV [1M](All. to M. D. Toman)

David. JL. Bittinger, IEC of Greater Cincinnati, OH [1M](All. to R. G. Wilkinson)

Neil IF. lLaBrake, Jr., National Grid, NY [UT](All. to J. W. Troglia)

Danny)LiggeU, Dupont Company, TX [U](All. to W. M. Lewis)

Mark Co Ode, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT](All. to J. R. Kovacik)

Ridnardl !P. Owen, City of Sl. Paul, MN [E](All. to 1. W. Carpenter)

NonvotilllgDavid MascarelllD'nas, Canadian Standards Association,Canada [RT]lRidnard G. Biermannn, Biermann Electric Company, Inc.,IA [1M]

(Member Emeritus)D. Harold Ware, Libra Electric Company, OK [1M]

(Member Emeritus)

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on minimizing the risk ofelectricity as a source of electric shock and as a potential ignition source of fires and explosions. It shall also beresponsible for text to minimize the propagation of fire and explosions due to electrical installations.

CODlE-MAOCJING PANEIL NO. :ll

AIrQfides 9tm9 :H)09 :ll:lltm9 All1I.ll1I.ex A9 AJrnll1lex G

John D. Minick, ChairNational Electrical Manufacturers Association, TX [M]

Michael A. Anthony, University of Michigan, MI [U]Rep. Association of Higher Education Facilities Officers

lLouis A. Barrios, Shell Global Solutions, TX [U]Rep. American Chemistry Council

Kenneth P. Boyce, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]Wmiam T. !Fiske, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc., NY [RT]H. lLandis Faoyd, The DuPont Company, DE [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.!Palmer JL. Hickman, National Joint Apprentice & TrainingCommittee, MD [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

David. IL. JH[fittinger, IEC of Greater Cincinnati, OH [1M]Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

Neil F. lLaBrake, Jr., National Grid, NY rUT]Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEI

JRandaID R. McCarver, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ [U]Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

lLanny G. McMahm, City of Phoenix, AZ [E]Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

!HI. Brooke Stauffer, National Electrical ContractorsAssociation, MD [1M]




AlternatesMark Christian, IBEW Local Union 175, TN [L]

(Alt. to P. L. Hickman)Benjamin F. Dunford, Ben Dunford Electric Company Inc.,TN [1M]

(Alt. to D. L. Hittinger)Ernest J. Gallo, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ [U]

(Alt. to R. R. McCarver)Russell J. Helmick, Jr., Orange, CA [E]

(Alt. to L. G. McMahill)Donald H. McCullough, II, Washington Savannah RiverCompany, SC [U]

(Alt. to H. L. Floyd)

Gil Moniz, National Electrical Manufacturers Association,MA[M]

(Alt. to J. D. Minick)Alfredo M Ramirez, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(Alt. to K. P. Boyce)John W. Troglia, Edison Electric Institute, WI [UT]

(Alt. to N. F. LaBrake, Jr.)

NonvotingArk Tsisserev, City of Vancouver, Canada

Rep. CSA/Canadian Electrical Code Committee

CODE-MAKING PANEL NO.2

Articles 210, 215, 220, Annex D, Chapter 9 Examples 1 through 6

Raymond W. Weber, ChairState of Wisconsin, WI [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

Richard W. Becker, Engineered Electrical Systems, Inc.,WA[U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Lawrence Brown, National Association of Home Builders,DC [U]Frank Coluccio, New York City Department of Buildings,NY[E]Thomas L. Harman, University of Houston-Clear Lake, TX[SE]Donald M. King, IBEW Local Union 313, DE [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersRobert L. LaRocca, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]Brian J. Nenninger, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilJim Pauley, Square D Company/Schneider Electric, KY [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationRonald L. Purvis, Sharpsburg, GA [UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIMichael D. Toman, MEGA Power Electrical Services, Inc.,MD [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationRobert G. Wilkinson, IEC Texas Gulf Coast, TX [1M]


AlternatesJames E. Degnan, Sparling, WA [U]

(AIt. to R. W. Becker)David A. Dini, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(Alt. to R. L. LaRocca)Daniel J. Kissane, Pass & Seymour/Legrand, NY [M]

(Alt. to J. Pauley)William Ross McCorcle, American Electric Power, OK [UT]

(Alt. to R. L. Purvis)William J. McGovern, City of Plano, TX [E]

(Alt. to R. W. Weber)Clifford JL Rediger, Independent Electrical ContractorsTraining Fund, CO [1M]

(Alt. to R. G. Wilkinson)Janet D. Skipper, IBEW Local Union 606, FL [L]

(AIt. to D. M. King)Joseph E. Wiehagen, National Association of HomeBuilders, MD [U]

(Alt. to L. Brown)

NonvotingWilliam Burr, Canadian Standards Association, Canada [RT]Douglas A. Lee, U.S. Consumer Product SafetyCommission, MD [C]Andrew M. Trotta, U.S. Consumer Product SafetyCommission, MD [C]

CODE-MAKING PANEL NO.3Articles 300, 590, 720, 725, 727, 760, Chapter 9, Tables 11(A) and (8), and Tables I2(A) and (B)

Richard P. Owen, ChairCity of St. Paul, MN [E]


Lawrence S. Ayer, Biz Com Electric, Inc., OH [1M]Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

Paul J. Casparro, Scranton Electricians JATC, PA [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Les Easter, Allied Tube and Conduit, IL [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Sanford E. Egesdal, Egesdal Associates PLC, MN [M]Rep. Automatic Fire Alarm Association, Inc.

Thomas J. Guida, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]Ray R. R. Keden, ERICO, Inc., CA [M]

Rep. Building Industry Consulting Services International

Ronald E. Maassen, Lemberg Electric Company, Inc.,WI [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationJuan C. Menendez, Southern California Edison Company,CA[UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEISteven J. Owen, Steven J. Owen, Inc., AL [1M]

Rep. Associated Builders & Contractors, Inc.David A. Pace, Olin Corporation, AL [U]

Rep. American Chemistry Council




Melvin JK. Sanders, Things Electrical Co., Inc.(TECo., Inc.), IA [V]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.John E. Sleights, St. Paul Travelers, CT [I]

AlternatesSlhall1le M. Clary, Bay Alarm Company, CA [M]

(All. to S. E. Egesdal)Adam D. Corbill1l, Corbin Electrical Services, Inc., NJ [1M]

(All. to L. S. Ayer)Danny Liggett, Dupont Company, TX [V]

(All. to D. A. Pace)T. David MilBs, Bechtel Savannah River, Inc., SC [U]

(All. to M. K. Sanders)Mark C. Ode, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT]

(All. to T. 1. Guida)

lRoger S. Passmore, Davis Electrical Constructors, Inc., SC[1M]

(All. to S. J. Owen)Marty JL. Riesberg, IBEW Local Vnion 22, MD [L]

(All. to P. J. Casparro)George A. Strall1lnero, Tyco/AFC Cable Systems, Inc., NJ[M]

(Alt. to L. Easter)lRobert J. Walsh, City of Hayward, CA [E]

(Alt. to R. P. Owen)

NonvotilllgEdward Co lLawry, Oregon, WI [E]

(Member Emeritus)

CODE-MAKING PANEL NO. 41Al"tkh~§ 2259 230

James M. NaugMon, ChairIBEW Local Union 103, MA [L]


CODlE~MAlKJ[NG PANEIL NO.5

AIrafide§ 200925092~09 285

lRonald! J. Toomer, ChairToomer Electrical Company Inc., LA [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association•

Thomas JL. Adams, Exelon Corporation, IL [VT]Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEI

Malcolm ADiison, Ferraz Shawmut, MA [M]Robert J. Deaton, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Howard D. Hughes, Hughes Electric Company Inc., AR [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationMarik C. Ode, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT]James J. Rogers, Towns of Oak Bluffs, Tisbury, WestTisbury, MA [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsJohn A. Sigmund!, PPG Industries, Inc., LA [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilJohn W. Young, Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc., GA [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationVincent Zinnante, Advantage Electric, Inc., TX [1M]


Jeffrey Boksiner, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ [VT]Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

David Brender, Copper Development Association, Inc., NY[M] ,

Rep. Copper Development Association Inc.Martin J. Brett, Jr., Wheatland Tube Company, NJ [M]

Rep. American Iron and Steel InstitutePaul Dobrowsky, Innovative Technology Services, NY [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilJI)all1l Hammel, IBEW Local Vnion 704, IA [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersG. ScoU Harding, F. B. Harding, Inc., MD [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.William J. Helfrich, V.S. Department of Labor, PA [E]Michael J. Johnston, International Association of ElectricalInspectors, TX [E]Clullclk Mello, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., WA [RT]

AltennatesPauD D. Barnhart, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT]

(All. to M. C. Ode)Marik D. Gibbs, BWXT Y-12, LLC, TN [U]

(All. to R. J. Deaton)lKelfmeth W. Hengst, EAS Contracting, LP, TX [1M]

(All. to V. Zinnante)Marik lR. IfIiBbert, State of New Hampshire, NH [E]

(All. to J. J. Rogers)PhiliJll M. Piqueira, General Electric Company, CT [M]

(All. to 1. W. Young)Marik 1HI. SumraRB, IBEW Local Union 527, TX [L]

(All. to J. M. Naughton)Peter JR. WaDsh, Ferraz Shawmut, MA [M]

(All. to M. Allison)

DaDeelP Co MohBa, DCM Electrical Consulting Services, Inc.,TX [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Gregory J. Steinmall1l, Thomas & Betts Corporation, TN [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationlRobert G. StoDI, Thomas Associates, Inc., OH [M]

. Rep. Power Tool Institute, IncRichard TembDador, Southwire Company, GA [M]

Rep. The Aluminum AssociationC. Douglas White, CenterPoint Energy, Inc., TX [VT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEI

AlternatesHarold G. Alexander, American Electric Power, OH [VT]

(All. to C. D. White)IRon D. Alley, Northern New Mexico IEC, NM [1M]

(All. to G. S. Harding)



NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE COMMITIEE

Joseph P. DeGregoria, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY[RT]

(All. to C. Mello)Ronald Lai, FCI Electrical, NH [M]

(All. to G. J. Steinman)Paul J. LeVasseur, Bay City JEATC, MI [L]

(Alt. to D. Hammel)Richard E. Loyd, R & N Associates, AZ [M]

(All. to M. J. Brett, Jr.)Michael E. McNeil, FMC Corporation/Bio Polymer, ME [U]

(Alt. to P. Dobrowsky)Nathan Philips, Integrated Electronic Systems, OR [1M]

(All. to R. J. Toomer)

Paul R. Picard, Tyco/AFC Cable Systems, Inc., MA [M](All. to R. Temblador)

Elliot Rappaport, Electro Technology Consultants, Inc., FL[U]

(All. to D. C. Mohla)Phil Simmons, Simmons Electrical Services, WA [M]

(Alt. to D. Brender)David A. WiRliams, Delta Charter Township, MI [E]

(All. to M. 1. Johnston)

NonvotingRobert A. Nelson, Canadian Standards Association, Canada[RT]


Articles 310, 400, 402, Chapter 9 Tables 5 through 9, Annex B

Scott Cline, ChairMcMurtrey Electric, Inc., CA [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

Samuel B. Friedman, General Cable Corporation, RI [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Robert L. Huddleston, Jr., Eastman Chemical Company,TN [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilG. W. "Jerry" Kent, Kent Electric & Plumbing Systems,TX [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.William F. Laidler, South Shore VoTech/lBEW 223, MA [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersL. Bruce McClung, Electrical Safety Consulting Services,Inc., WV [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Paul R. Picard, Tyco/AFC Cable Systems, Inc., MA [M]

Rep. The Aluminum AssociationOran P. Post, Akron, OH [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsCarl Timothy Wall, Alabama Power Company, AL rUT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIAustin D. Wetherell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY[RT]Joseph S. Zimnoch, The Okonite Company, NJ [M]

Rep. Copper Development Association Inc.

AlternatesJacob Bennilllger, IBEW Local Union 241 JATC, NY [L]

(All. to W. F. Laidler)Peter E. Bowers, Satellite Electric Company, Inc., MD [1M]

(All. to G. W. Kent)James M. Daly, General Cable, NJ [M]

(All. to J. S. Zimnoch)Timothy Edwards, Akan Cable Company, GA [M]

(All. to P. R. Picard)Richard A. Holub, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company,Inc., DE [U]

(All. to R. L. Huddleston, Jr.)Lowell Lisker, American Insulated Wire Corporation, MA[M]

(All. to S. B. Friedman)Harry J. Sassaman, Forest Electric Corporation, NJ [1M]

(All. to S. Cline)Bradley J. Schmidt, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(Alt. to A. D. Wetherell)John Stacey, City of St. Louis, MO [E]

(All. to O. P. Post)Donald A. Voltz, Mustang Engineering, Inc., TX [U]

(Alt. to L. B. McClung)


Articles 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 382, 394, 396, 398

Gaylen D. Rogers, ChairHighland, UT [E]


Martin D. Adams, Adams Electric, Inc., CO [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

Harry C. Brown, IBEW Local Union 606, FL [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

John J. Cangemi, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]James M. Daly, General Cable, NJ [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationTimothy Edwards, AIean Cable Company, GA [M]

Rep. The Aluminum AssociationChris J. Fahrenthold, Design Electric, TX [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Herman J. Hall, Austin, TX [M]

Rep. Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.

Ronald G. Nickson, National Multi Housing Council, DC[U]John W. "Wes" Ray, Duke Energy Corporation, NC rUT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIGregory L. Runyon, Eli Lilly and Company, IN [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilDavid E. Schumacher, Associated Builders & Contractors,Inc., IA [1M]H. R. Stewart, HRS Consulting, TX [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.George A. Straniero, Tyco/AFC Cable Systems, Inc., NJ[M]

Rep. Copper Development Association Inc.




AUernatesWnmam B. Crist, Houston Stafford Electric Company, TX[1M]

(All. to C. J. Fahrenthold)James Do Erwirn, Celanese, Ltd., TX [U]

(All. to G. L. Runyon)Rogers !HIester, Jr., Encore Wire Limited, TX [M]

(All. to G. A. Straniero)James lK. Hinrichs, State of Washington, WA [E)

(Alt. to G. D Rogers)Jacob K.Umnger, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(All. to J. J. Cangemi)

Samuel R. lLaDart, City of Memphis, TN [L](All. to H. C. Brown)

David Mercier, Southwire Company, GA [M](All. to J. M. Daly)

Dennis A. Nielsen, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,CA[U]

(All. to H. R. Stewart)Peter Pollak, The Aluminum Association, Inc., VA [M]

(All. to T. Edwards)Thomas H. Wood, Cecil B. Wood Inc., IL [1M]

(All. to M. D. Adams)

(()ODEaMAKHNG PANEL NO.8

AJr~ides 342, 344, 348, 350, 352, 353, 354, 356, 358, 360, 362, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 37fJ, 378, 380, 384,386, 388, 390, 392, Chapter 9, TabBes 1 through 4, Arrmex C

Julian R. Banrns, ChairBurns Electrical/Quality Power Solutions, Inc., NC [1M]


Joseph Dabe, City of St. Paul, MN [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

George R. Dat.llberger, Thomas & Betts Corporation, TN [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

James Co Dollins, Tyco/AFC Cable Systems, MA [M]Rep. The Aluminum Association

James T. Dwight, Sasol North America, Inc., LA [U]Rep. American Chemistry Council

M. Shallll Griffith, Kellogg, Brown & Root, Inc., TX [U]Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.

David G. Humphrey, County of Henrico, Virginia, VA [E)Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

David H. Kendalll, Carlon, Lamson & Sessions, OH [M]Rep. Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.

Richard IE. lLoyd, R & N Associates, AZ [M]Rep. American Iron and Steel Institute

Stephen P. Poholski, Newkirk Electric Associates, Inc., MI[1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationGeorge F. Walbrecht, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]!LesUne R. Zielke, South Carolina Electric & Gas Company,SC [UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEI

AlternatesIRichardt J. Berman, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(All. to G. F. Walbrecht)Joyce IEvans Blom, The Dow Chemical Company, CA [U]

(All. to J. T. Dwight)Duane A. Carlson, PRS Consulting Engineers, WA [U]

(All. to M. S. Griffith)Charles W. Forsberg, Shaker Heights, OH [M]

(Alt. to D. H. Kendall)James M. limlah, City of Hillsboro, OR [E)

(All. to D. G. Humphrey)JKevin J. Uppert, Eaton Corporation, PA [M]

(All. to G. R. Dauberger)Gregory IL. Maurer, Wheatland Tube Company, AR [M]

(Alt. to R. E. Loyd)Gary W. Pemble, Montana Electrical JATC, MT [L]

(All. to J. Dabe)Co IErnest Reynolldts, Hatfield-Reynolds Electric Company,AZ [1M]

(All. to J. R. Burns)IRidnard Tembllador, Southwire Company, GA [M]

(All. to J. C. Dollins)

CODJEaMAKING PANElL NO.9

AJr~nde§ 3]12, 314, 404, 408, 450, 490

Robert A. McCullough, ChairOcean County Construction Inspection Department, NJ [E)


Rodrney D. BeiisBe, NECA-IBEW Electrical Training Trust,OR [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersBiBBy Breitkreutz, Fluor Corporation, TX [U]

Rep. Associated Builders & Contractors, Inc.Richard! P. Fogarty, Consolidated Edison Company of NewYork, Inc., NY [UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EElFrederic P. Hartwelll, Hartwell Electrical Services, Inc., MA[SE]Thomas J. !LeMay, LeMay Electric, Inc., GA [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Robert D. Osborne, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT]

Bradford D. lRupp, Allied Moulded Products, Inc., OH [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Sukanta Sengupta, FMC Corporation, NJ [U]Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Monte Szendre, Wilson Construction Company, OR [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

R.alph H. Young, Eastman Chemical Company, TN lUJRep. American Chemistry Council

AlternatesCharles lL. Boynton, The DuPont Company, TX [U]

(All. to R. H. Young)




Kevin J. Breen, Breen Electrical Contractors Inc., NY [1M](All. to T. J. LeMay)

James C. Carroll, Square D Company/Schneider Electric,TN[M]

(All. to B. D. Rupp)Kenneth L. McKinllley, Jr., Underwriters Laboratories Inc.,NC [RT]

(All. to R. D. Osborne)James C. Missildine, Jr., Southern Company Services, Inc.,AL[UT]

(All. to R. P. Fogarty)

Paul W. Myers, Innovene LLC, OH [U](All. to S. Sengupta)

Donald R. Offerdahl, North Dakota State Electrical Board,ND [E]

(All. to R. A. McCullough)Rhett A. Roe, IBEW Local Union 26 JATC, MD [L]

(All. to R. D. Belisle)

CODE-MAKING PANEL NO. 10

Articles 240, 780

James T. Dollard, Jr., ChairIBEW Local Union 98, PA [L]


CODE-MAKING PANEL NO. 11Articles 409, 430, 440, 460, 470, Annex D, Example D8

Wayne Brinkmeyer, ChairBritain Electric Company, TX [1M]


Charles K. Blizard, American Electrical Testing Company,Inc., MA [1M]

Rep. InterNational Electrical Testing AssociationMadeline Borthick, IEC of Houston, Inc., TX [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Dennis M. Darling, Ayres, Lewis, Norris & May, Inc., MI [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Charles Eldridge, Indianapolis Power & Light Company, IN[UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEICarl Fredericks, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilC. W. Kimblin, Eaton Electrical Corporation, PA [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationJohn R. Kovacik, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]Robert W. Mount, Jr., Hussmann Corporation, MO [M]

Rep. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration InstituteGeorge J. Ockuly, O'Fallon, MO [M]Richard Sobel, Quantum Electric Corporation, NY [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationGerald W. Williams, County of Ventura, California, CA [E]


Rick L. Bunch, Tecumseh Products Company, MI [M]Rep. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute

J. Ron Caccamese, Alterman Electric Co., Ltd., TX [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Terry D. Cole, Hamer Electric, Inc., WA [1M] .Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

Robert G. Fahey, City of Janesville, WI [E]Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

William D. Glover, PPG Industries, Inc., WV [U]Rep. American Chemistry Council

Charles A. Goetz, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]Paul E. Guidry, Fluor Enterprises, Inc., TX [U]

Rep. Associated Builders & Contractors, Inc.Leo H. Haas, Jr., CenterPoint Energy, Inc., TX [UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEI

AlternatesRobert R. Gage, National Grid, NY [UT]

(All. to C. Eldridge)Roderic Hageman, PRIT Service, Inc., IL [1M]

(All. to C. K Blizard)Robert J. Kauer, Middle Department Inspection Agency,Inc., PA [E]

(All. to G. W. Williams)Frank G. Ladonne, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(All. to 1. R. Kovacik)Richard E. Lofton, II, IBEW Local Union 280, OR [L]

(Alt. to J. T. Dollard, Jr.)Alan Manche, Square 0 Company/Schneider Electric, KY[M]

(Alt. to C. W. Kimblin)Vincent J. Saporita, Cooper Bussmann, MO [M]

(All. to G. J. Ockuly)Steve A. Struble, Freeman's Electric Service, Inc., SO [1M]

(Alt. to M. Borthick)Steven E. Townsend, General Motors Corporation, MI [U]

(All. to D. M. Darling)

Paul S. Hamer, Chevron Energy Technology Company, CA[U]

Rep. American Petroleum InstituteVincent J. Saporita, Cooper Bussmann, MO [M]Lynn F. Saunders, Brighton, MI [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Lawrence E. Todd, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc., OR[RT]Ron Widup, Shermco Industries, Inc., TX [1M]

Rep. InterNational Electrical Testing AssociationJames R. Wright, Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc., IL[M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

•




AlternateslLarry W. lBums, Bums Electric, Inc., TX [1M]

(Alt. to T. D. Cole)Ranph M. Esemplare, Consolidated Edison Company ofNew York, NY [UT]

(Alt. to L. H. Haas, Jr.)James M. Fahey, IBEW Local Union 103, MA [L]

(AIt. to J. R. Caccamese)Stanley J. ]i'onz, Morse Electric Company, NV [1M]

(Alt. to W. Brinkmeyer)Barry G. Kames, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., CA [RT]

(Alt. to C. A. Goetz)Robert J. Keough, Emerson Motor Company, MO [M]

(Alt. to 1. R. Wright)

Thomas IE. Moore, City of North Royalton, OH [E](Alt. to R. G. Fahey)

Arthur S. Neubauer, Colonial Pipeline Company, GA [U](Alt. to P. S. Hamer)

George J. Ockuly, O'Fallon, MO [M](AIt. to V. J. Saporita)

Charles IL. PoweIn, Eastman Chemical Company, TN [U](Alt. to W. D. Glover)

ArthUllr J. Smith, nil, Waldemar S. Nelson & Company,Inc., LA [U]

(AIt. to L. F. Saunders)RussenB A. Tiffany, Johnson Controls, Inc., PA [M]

(Alt. to R. L. Bunch)

CO[}JEaMAKliNG PANEL NO. 12

All"tnclles 610, 620, 625, 630, 6~O, 645, 6~7, 650, 660, 665, 668, 669, 670, 685,ArrnrrneJ>i: JI), EJ>i:3tmplles JI))il} 3tmll D10

Timothy M. Croushore, ChairAllegheny Power, PA [UT]


Kent lB. Givens, Alcoa, Inc., TX [M]Rep. The Aluminum Association(VL to 610, 625, 630, 645, 660, 665, 668, 669, 685)

Thomas IL. Hedges, Hedges Electric & Construction Inc.,CA[IM]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationRon IL. Janikowski, City of Wausau, Wisconsin, WI [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsRobert lEo Johnsorn, ITE Safety, MA [U]

Rep. Information Technology Industry Council(VL to 640, 645, 647, 685)

Robert A. JOIl1leS, Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.,TX [1M]Andy Juhasz, Kone, Inc., IL [M]

Rep. National Elevator Industry Inc.(VL to 610, 620, 630)

Todd lLoUmarm, Cooper Bussmann, MO [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Sam Marcovici, New York City Department of Buildings,NY[E]John H. Mortimer, Inductotherm Corporation, NJ [M]

(VL to 610, 630, 665, 668, 669)Ralph C. Prichard, Hercules Incorporated, DE [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.David IR. Quave, IBEW Local Union 903, MS [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersCraig Sato, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., CA [RT]Arthur lEo Schlueter, Jr., A. E. Schlueter Pipe OrganCompany, GA [M]

Rep. American Institute of Organ Builders(VL to 640, 650)

Kenneth White, Olin Corporation, NY [U]Rep. American Chemistry Council

AlternatesWmiam lEo Anderson, The Procter & Gamble Company, OH[U]

(Alt. to R. C. Prichard)Jeffrey W. Blain, Schindler Elevator Corporation, NY [M]

(VL to 610, 620, 630)(Alt. to A. Juhasz)

Thomas M. Bunke, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., CA [RT](Alt. to C. Sato)

Jeffrey IL. Honmes, IBEW Local Union 1 JATC, MO [L](Alt. to D. R. Quave)

'Fim McClintock, Wayne County, Ohio, OH [E](Alt. to R. L. Janikowski)

Roger D. MclDanieH, Georgia Power Company, GA [UT](Alt. to T. M. Croushore)

Peter Polnak, The Aluminum Association, Inc., VA [M](VL to 610, 625, 630, 645, 660, 665, 668, 669, 685)(Alt. to K. B. Givens)

lLori IL. Tennant, Square D Company/Schneider Electric, NC[M]

(Alt. to T. Loumann)George S. Tidden, George's Electrical Service Inc" TX [1M]

(Alt. to R. A. Jones)ChaJrles M. 'froud, Maron Electric Company, FL [1M]

(AIt. to T. L. Hedges)Robert C. Thriller, Oxford, MD [M]

(VL to 610, 630, 665, 668, 669)(Alt. to J. H. Mortimer)

NonvotingAndre R Cartan, Yardley, PA [E]

(Member Emeritus)





Articles 445, 455, 480, 690, 692, 695, 700, 701, 702, 705

Thomas H. Wood, ChairCecil B. Wood Inc., IL [IM]


Tarry L. Baker, Broward County Board of Rules &Appeals, FL [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsWard I. Bower, Sandia National Laboratories, NM [U]

Rep. Solar Energy Industries Association(VL to 690, 692, 705)

Douglas L. L. Elkins, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, TX[U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilGeorge W. Flach, George W. Flach Consultant, Inc., LA[SE]Ernest J. Gallo, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ [U]

Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions(VL to 445, 480, 690, 692)

Robert J. Gustafson, Ohio State University, OH [U]Rep. American Society of Agricultural & BiologicalEngineers

Banks Hattaway, Hattaway Brothers, Inc., AL [1M]Rep. Associated Builders & Contractors, Inc.

Barry N. Hornberger, PECO Energy Company, PA rUT]Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEI

Kenneth Krastins, Plug Power, Inc., NY [M]Rep. U.S. Fuel Cell Council(VL to 690, 692, 705)

James S. Nasby, Master Control Systems, Inc., IL [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Steven H. Pasternack, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc.,NY [RT]Elliot Rappaport, Electro Technology Consultants, Inc., FL[U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Duke W. Schamel, Electrical Service Solutions, Inc., CO[1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Todd W. Stafford, National Joint Apprentice & TrainingCommittee, TN [L]


Herbert V. Whittall, Electrical Generating SystemsAssociation, FL [M]Timothy P. Zgonena, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL[RT]

AlternatesPaul D. Barnhart, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC [RT]

(All. to T. P. Zgonena)Daniel Batta, Jr., Constellation Power Source Generation,Inc., MD rUT]

(All. to B. N. Hornberger)Ron B. Chilton, North Carolina Department of Insurance,NC [E]

(All. to T. L. Baker)Larry D. Cogburn, Cogburn Bros, Inc., FL [1M]

(All. to T. H. Wood)Brian L. Crise, NIETC, OR [L]

(All. to T. W. Stafford)Steven J. Fredette, UTC Fuel Cells, LLC, CT [M]

(VL to 690, 692, 705)(All. to K. Krastins)

John P. Goodsell, Hubbell Incorporated, CT [M](All. to J. S. Nasby)

Timothy D. Holleman, AC Corporation, NC [1M](All. to D. W. Schamel)

R.obert Swayne, P2S Engineering, Inc., CA [U](All. to E. Rappaport)

Dale A. Triffo, Shell Oil Products U.S., TX [U](All. to D. L. L. Elkins)

R.obert H. Wills, Intergrid, LLC, NH [U](VL to 690, 692, 705)(All. to W. I. Bower)

NonvotingDavid Mascarenhas, Canadian Standards Association,Canada [RT]


Articles 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516

Donald Cook, ChairShelby County Development Services, AL [E]


Troy Beall, B & D Industries, Inc., NM [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

Marc J. Bernsen, IBEW Local Union 291, ID [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Edward M. Briesch, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]James D. Cospolich, Waldemar S. Nelson & Company Inc.,LA[U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Mark Goodman, Jacobs Engineering Group, CA [U]

Rep. American Petroleum InstituteGregory D. Hall, Better-Way Electric, Inc., CO [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Joseph H. Kuczka, Killark Electric ManufacturingCompany, MO [M]


WiBliam G. Lawrence, Jr., FM Global, MA [I]L. Evans Massey, Rockwell Automation, SC .[M]

Rep. Instrumentation, Systems, & Automation SocietyJeremy Neagle, Intertek ETL SEMKO, NY [RT]Mike O'Meara, Arizona Public Service Company, AZ rUT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIDavid B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilMark C. Wirfs, R & W Engineering, Inc., OR [U]

Rep. Grain Elevator and Processing Society

AlternatesDonald W. Ankele, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(All. to E. M. Briesch)




A. W. Ballard, Crouse-Hinds, NY [M](Alt. to J. H. Kuczka)

Mark W. Bonk, Cargill Incorporated, MN [U](All. to M. C Wirfs)

Dave Burns, Shell Exploration & Production Company, LA[U]

(All. to M. Goodman)!Larry !E. lFuhrman, City of Titusville, FL [E)

(All. to D. Cook)Richard A. Holub, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company,Inc., DE [U]

(All. to D. B. Wechsler)Nicholas P. !Ludlam, FM Global, United Kingdom [I]

(All. to W. G. Lawrence, Jr.)Christophel" P. O'Neil, NSTAR Electric & Gas Corporation,MA[UT]

(All. to M. O'Meara)

Ted H. Schnaare, Rosemount Incorporated, MN [M](All. to L. E. Massey)

.]fohn IL. Simmons, Florida East Coast JATC, FL [L](All. to M. J. Bernsen)

Donald W. Zipse, Zipse Electrical Engineering Inc., PA [U](All. to 1. D. Cospolich)

NOR'nvotingTimothy .]f. Pope, Canadian Standards Association, Canada[RT]!Eduardo N. Solalf1lo, Estudio Ingeniero Solano S.A.,Argentina [SE]lFred K. Walker, U.S. Department of the Air Force, FL [U]

Rep. TC on Airport Facilities

(()()DlEaMAKJING PANEL NO. 15

Artknes 51795Jl8952~9 525953095410

Donald .]f. Talka, ChairUnderwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]

•

James JR. Duncan, Sparling Electrical Engineering &Technology Consulting, WA [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Ronald !E. Duren, PacifiCorp, WA [UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIDouglas S. Erickson, American Society for HealthcareEngineering, VI [U]MitcheBl K. Hefter, Entertainment Technology/Genlyte, TX[1M]

Rep. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America(VL to 518, 520, 525, 530, 540)

Kim .]fones, Funtastic Shows, OR [U]Rep. Outdoor Amusement Business Association, Inc.(VL to 525)

!Edwin S. Kramer, Radio City Music Hall, NY [L]Rep. International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees(VL to 518, 520, 525, 530, 540)

!Larry !Lao, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, DC [U](VL to 517,518)

Dennis W. Marshall, TAG Electric Companies, TX [1M]Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

!Eugene !E. Morgan, County of Clackamas, Oregon, OR [E)Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

Hugh O. Naslh, .]fr., Nash Lipsey Burch, LLC, TN [SE]Rep. TC on Electrical Systems

Bmce D. Shelly, Shelly Electric Company, Inc., PA [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

Michael D. Skinner, CBS Studio Center, CA [U]Rep. Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers(VL to 518, 520, 525, 530, 540)

Kenneth IE. Vannice, Leviton Manufacturing Company Inc.,OR[M]

Rep. U.S. Institute for Theatre Technology(VL to 518, 520, 525, 530, 540)

Michael Velvikis, High Voltage Maintenance Corporation,WI [1M]

Rep. InterNational Electrical Testing AssociationAndrew White, IBEW Local Union 3, NY [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers.]fames IL. WisemaIl1l, Square D Company/Schneider Electric,TN[M]


Alternates.]fames IL. Brown, Detroit Edison, DTE Energy, MI [UT]

(Alt. to R. E. Duren)Matthew B. Dozier, IDesign Services, TN [U]

(All. to 1. R. Duncan)Samuel B. Friedman, General Cable Corporation, RI [M]

(All. to J. L. Wiseman)Stephen M. ILipster, The Electrical Trades Center, OH [L]

(All. to A. White).]foseph P. Murnane, .]fr., Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY[RT]

(Alt. to D. J. Talka)Marcus JR. Sampson, Minnesota Department of Labor &Industry, MN [E)

(All. to E. E. Morgan).]fames C. Seabury, HI, Enterprise Electric, LLC, TN [1M]

(All. to D. W. Marshall)Steven R. 'ferry, Electronic Theatre Controls Inc., NY [M]

(VL to 518,520,525,530,540)(All. to K. E. Vannice)




CODE-MAKING PANEL NO. 16Articles 770, 800, 810, 820, 830

S. D. Kahn, ChairTri-City Electric Company, Inc., CA [1M]



Articles 422, 424, 426, 427, 680, 682

J. Robert Boyer, GE Infrastructure, Security, NJ [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

James E. Brunssen, Telcordia, NJ [U]Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions

Larry Chan, City of New Orleans, LA [E]Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

Gerald Lee Dorna, Belden Wire & Cable, IN [M]Rep. Insulated Cable Engineers Association Inc.

Roland W. Gubisch, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc., MA[RT]Robert L. Hughes, The DuPont Company, GA [U]

Rep. American Chemistry CouncilRobert W. Jensen, dbi-Telecommunication InfrastructureDesign, TX [M]

Rep. Building Industry Consulting Services InternationalSteven C. Johnson, Time Warner Cable, NC [UT]

Rep. National Cable & Telecommunications AssociationRonald G. Jones, Ronald G. Jones, P.E., TX [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Harold C. Ohde, IBEW-NECA Technical Institute, IL [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersLuigi G. Prezioso, M. C. Dean, Inc., VA [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.James W. Romlein, MV Labs LLC, WI [M]

Rep. Telecommunications Industry AssociationSusan L. Stene, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., CA [RT]

Kyle E. Todd, Entergy Corporation, TX [UT]Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEI

AlternatesTerry C. Coleman, National Joint Apprentice & TrainingCommittee, TN [L]

(Alt. to H. C. Ohde)Timothy D. Cooke, Times Fiber Communications, Inc., VA[UT]

(Alt. to S. C. Johnson)Bill Hopple, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, CA [M]

(AlL to J. R. Boyer)Randolph J. hans, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]

(AlL to S. L. Stene)StanKey Kaufman, CableSafe, Inc.lOFS, GA [M]

(AlL to G. L. Dorna)William J. McCoy, Verizon Wireless, TX [U]

(AlL to R. G. Jones)Robert P. McGann, City of Cambridge, MA [E]

(AlL to L. Chan)W. Douglas Pirkle, Pirkle Electric Company, Inc., GA [1M]

(AlL to S. D. Kahn)David B. Schrembeck, DBS Communications, Inc., OH[1M]

(AlL to L. G. Prezioso)

•Don W. Jhonson, Chair

Interior Electric, Inc., FL [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association

Thomas V. Blewitt, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT]Richard J. Cripps, Association of Home ApplianceManufacturers, VA [M]

(VL to 422, 424)Paul Crivell, Camp, Dresser & McKee Inc., WA [U]

Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.Larry M. Eils, National Automatic MerchandisingAssociation, IL [M]

(VL to 422)Christopher S. Gill, New York Board of Fire Underwriters,NY[E]Bruce R. Hirsch, Baltimore Gas & Electric Company, MD[UT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power Group/EEIRobert M. Milatovich, Clark County Building Department,NV [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsJurgen Pannock, Whirlpool Corporation, TN [M]

Rep. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute(VL to 422,424)

Marcos Ramirez, Hatfield-Reynolds Electric company, AZ[1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Brian E. Rock, Hubbell Incorporated, CT [M]


Kenneth M. Shell, Tyco Thermal Controls, CA [M]Rep. Copper Development Association Inc.(VL to 426, 427)

Ronald Sweigart, E.!. duPont de Nemours & Company, Inc.,DE [U]

Rep. American Chemistry Council(VL to 422, 424, 426, 427, 682)

Lee L. West, Balboa Instruments, Inc., CA [M]Rep. National Spa and Pool Institute(VL to 680)

Randy J. Yasenchak, IBEW Local Union 607, PA [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

AlternatesDennis L. Baker, Springs & Sons Electrical ContractorsInc., AZ [1M]

(AlL to M. Ramirez)Aaron B. Chase, Leviton Manufacturing Company, Inc., NY[M]

(Alt. to B. E. Rock)James E. Maldonado, City of Tempe, AZ [E]

(Alt. to R. M. Milatovich)Wayne E. Morris, Association of Home ApplianceManufacturers, DC [M]

(VL to 422, 424)(Alt. to R. J. Cripps)

Brian Myers, IBEW Local Union 98, PA [L](AlL to R. J. Yasenchak)

•




RonaRrl IF. SdlalPP, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc., OH[RT]

(Voting Alt. to Intertek Rep.)Gary IL. Siggins, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., CA [RT]

(Alt. to T. V. Blewitt)Joel G. Solis, Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Institute, VA[M]

(VL to 422, 424)(Alt. to J. Pannock)

Robert JE. Wisenburg, Coates Heater Company, Inc., WA[M]

(VL to 680)(Alt. to Lee L. West)

NonvotingAndrew M. 'Irotta, U.S. Consumer Product SafetyCommission, MD [C]Douglas A. Lee, U.S. Consumer Product SafetyCommission, MD [C]

CODEgMAKING PANEL NO. 18

AIrtkRes 4069 4109 4U9 6009 605

Michael N. Ber, ChairIEC, Houston, TX [IM]


ChaJrles IL. Boynton, The DuPont Company, TX [U]Rep. American Chemistry Council

lFre«llerick L. Carpenter, Lithonia Lighting, GA [M]Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Paul Costello, NECA and IBEW Local 90 JATC, CT [L]Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Kenneth F. Kempel, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NC[RT]Stephen G. Kieffer, Kieffer & Company, Inc., WI [M]

Rep. International Sign Association(VL to 600)

Steven A. Larson, BWXT Y-12, LLC, TN [U]Rep. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Michael S. O'Boyle, Lightolier Division of Genlyte Group,MA[M]

Rep. American Lighting Association(VL to 410, 411)

Timothy S. Owens, City of Santa Clara, CA [E]Rep. International Association of Electrical Inspectors

Jim IF. Pierce, Intertek Testing Services NA, Inc., OR [RT]Michael W. Smith, Schaeffer Electric Company, MO [1M]

Rep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationSondra K. l'odrl, Westar Energy, Inc., KS rUT]

Rep. Electric Light & Power GrouplEEIJack Wells, Pass & SeymourlLegrand, NC [M]

Randall K. WJrigM, RKW Consulting, PA [SE]

AlternatesSteve Campolo, Leviton Manufacturing Company, Inc., NY[M]

(Alt. to F. L. Carpenter)Robert T. Carlock, R. T. Carlock Company, TN [1M]

(Alt. to M. N. Ber)Melvyn J. Kochan, Young Electric Sign Company, NV [M]

(VL to 600)(Alt. to S. G. Kieffer)

Charles S. Kurten, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., NY [RT](Alt. to K. F. Kempel)

Amos D. !Lowrance, Jr., City of Chattanooga, Tennessee,TN [E]

(Alt. to T. S. Owens)Terry K. McGowan, Lighting Ideas, Inc., OH LM]

(VL to 410, 411)(Alt. to M. S. O'Boyle)

Ronald Michaelis, South Bend Vicinity Electrical JATC, IN[L]

(Alt. to P. Costello)Ronald Sweigart, E.!. duPont de Nemours & Company, Inc.,DE [U]

(Alt. to C. L. Boynton)

CODEgMAKJiNG PANEL NO. 19

AJrtides 5459 5479 5509 5519 5529 5539 5559 16049 6759 Annex l[)9 Examples DB and D.ll.Z

!Leslie Sabin-Mercado, ChairSan Diego Gas & Electric Company, CA rUT]


Bany Bauman, Alliant Energy, WI [U]Rep. American Society of Agricultural & BiologicalEngineers

Wimam BrlLBce Bowman, Fox Systems, Inc., GA [1M]Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.

Roger IL. Carlson, Monaco Coach Corporation, IN [M](VL to 550, 551, 552)

Monte R.. JEwing, Wisconsin Department of Commerce, WI[E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsJames W. Finch, Kampgrounds of America, Inc., MT [U]

(VL to 550, 551, 552, 555)Bmce A. Hopkins, Recreation Vehicle Industry Association,VA[M]

(VL to 550, 551, 552)

Thomas R. Lichtenstein, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL[RT]Linda .I. Little, IBEW Local 1 Electricians JATC, MO [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersTimothy P. McNeive, Thomas & Betts Corporation, TN [M]

Rep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationJohn Mikel, Skyline Corporation, IN [M]

Rep. Manufactured Housing Institute(VL to 550, 551, 552)

Tug IL. Miller, National Association of RV Parks &Campgrounds, CA [U]

Rep. National Assn. of RV Parks & Campgrounds(VL to 550, 551, 552)

Kenneth Weakley, Mountain Electric, Inc., CA [1M]Rep. National Electrical Contractors Association




Michael L. Zieman, RADCO, CA [RT](VL to 545, 550, 551, 552)

AlternatesGlenn H. Ankenbrand, Delmarva Power, MD [UT]

(Alt. to L. Sabin-Mercado)Steven J. Blais, EGS Electrical Group, IL [M]

(Alt. to T. P. McNeive)Joseph M. Bolesina, Pinellas County Building Inspections,FL [E]

(Alt. to M. R. Ewing)William (Billy) E. Duggins, San Diego Electrical TrainingCenter, CA [L]

(Alt. to L. 1. Little)

David W. Johnson, CenTex IEC, TX [1M](Alt. to W. B. Bowman)

Kent Perkins, Recreation Vehicle Industry Association, VA[M]

(VL to 550, 551, 552)(Alt. to B. A. Hopkins)

Michael J. Slifka, PFS Corporation, WI [M](VL to 550, 551, 552)(Alt. to J. Mikel)

Raymond F. Tucker, Consulting ProfessionalEngineer/RADCO, CA [RT]

(VL to 545, 550, 551, 552)(Alt. to M. L. Zieman)

Eugene W. Wirth, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., WA [RT](Alt. to T. R. Lichtenstein)


Articles 708 and Annexes F and G

Donald P. Bliss, ChairNational Infrastructure Institute, NH [U]

Tarry L. Baker, Broward County Board of Rules &Appeals, FL [E]

Rep. International Association of Electrical InspectorsLawrence A. Bey, Cummins Power Generation, MN [M]Richard Bingham, Dranetz-BMI, NJ [M]Jeffrey Boksiner, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., NJ [UT]

Rep. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry SolutionsJames C. Carroll, Square D Company/Schneider Electric,TN [M]Wayne G. Carson, Carson Associates, Inc., VA [SE]George R. Dauberger, Thomas & Betts Corporation, TN[M]Palmer L. Hickman, National Joint Apprentice & TrainingCommittee, MD [L]

Rep. International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersRonald A. Keenan, M. C. Dean, Inc., VA [1M]

Rep. Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc.Gil Moniz, National Electrical Manufacturers Association,MA[M]Wayne D. Moore, Hughes Associates, Inc., RI [SE]Timothy S. Owens, City of Santa Clara, CA [E]


NFPA Electrical Engineering Division Technical Staff

Mark W. Earley, Assistant Vice President/Chief ElectricalEngineerErnest W. Buss, Senior Electrical EngineerMark Cloutier, Senior Electrical EngineerJean A. O'Connor, Electrical Project Specialist/SupportSupervisorLee F. Richardson, Senior Electrical EngineerRichard J. Roux, Senior Electrical SpecialistJeffrey S. Sargent, Senior Electrical SpecialistJoseph V. Sheehan, Principal Electrical Engineer

Leslie Sabin-Mercado, San Diego Gas & Electric Company,CA[UT]Evangelos Stoyas, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, VA [E]Timothy P. Zgonena, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL[RT]

AlternatesPaul J. Casparro, Scranton Electricians JATC, PA [L]

(Alt. to P. L. Hickman)Robert Michael Forister, National Electrical ManufacturersAssociation, WY [M]

(Alt. to G. Moniz)Peyton S. Hale, Jr., U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, VA [E]

(Alt. to E. Stoyas)John R. Kovacik, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]

(Alt. to T. P. Zgonena)Alan Manche, Square D Company/Schneider Electric, KY[M]

(Alt. to J. C. Carroll)Stephen V. St. Croix, Primo Electric Company, Inc., MD[1M]

(Alt. to R. A. Keenan)

Support StaffCarol HendersonMary Warren-PilsonKimberly Shea

NFPA Staff EditorsJoyce G. GrandyPamela NolanKim Cervantes

Note: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or anydocument developed by the Committee on which the member serves.

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on minimizing the risk ofelectricity as a source of electric shock and as a potential ignition source of fires and explosions. It shall also beresponsible for text to minimize the propagation of fire and explosions due to electrical installations.



ARTICLE 90 - INTRODUCTION 9«).2

NIFlP'A 7~

National Electrical Code®

IMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is madeavailable for use subject to important notices and legaldisclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in allpublications containing this document and may be foundunder the heading "Important Notices and DisclaimersConcerning NFIPA Documents." They can also be obatained on request from NJFPA. or viewed atwww.nfpa.orgldisclaimers.

90J. PlllIrpose.

(A) Practical Safegmllrrllnll1lg. The purpose of this Code isthe practical safeguarding of persons and property fromhazards arising from the use of electricity.

(B) Adequacy. This Code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance therewith andproper maintenance results in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion ofelectrical use.

FPN: Hazards often occur because of overloading of wiring systems by methods or usage not in conformity withthis Code. This occurs because initial wiring did not provide for increases in the use of electricity. An initial adequate installation and reasonable provisions for systemchanges provide for future increases in the use ofelectricity.

(C) .lIJj]~entJioH1l. This Code is not intended as a design speci

fication or an instruction manual for untrained persons.

(D) Relatimll ~o Other ITIl1lterllllatllirnllall S~aIl1ldlards. The requirements in this Code address the fundamental principlesof protection for safety contained in Section 131 of International Electrotechnical Commission Standard 60364-1,Electrical Installations of Buildings.

FPN: IEC 60364-1, Section 131, contains fundamentalprinciples of protection for safety that encompass protection against electric shock, protection against thermal effects, protection against overcurrent, protection againstfault currents, and protection against overvoltage. All ofthese potential hazards are addressed by the requirements inthis Code.

90.2 Scope.

(A) OlllveJrcd!. This Code covers the installation of electrical conductors, equipment, and raceways; signaling ~nd

communications conductors, equipment, and raceways; andoptical fiber cables and raceways for the following:

(1) Public and private premises, including buildings, structures, mobile homes, recreational vehicles, and floatingbuildings

(2) Yards, lots, parking lots, carnivals, and industrialsubstations

o (3) Installations of conductors and equipment that connectto the supply of electricity

(4) Installations used by the electric utility, such as officebuildings, warehouses, garages, machine shops, andrecreational buildings, that are not an integral part of agenerating plant, substation, or control center.

(JR) No~ Covered. This Code does not cover the following:

(1) Installations in ships, watercraft other than floatingbuildings, railway rolling stock, aircraft, or automotivevehicles other than mobile homes and recreational vehicles

FPN: Although the scope of this Code indicates that theCode does not cover installations in ships, portions of thisCode are incorporated by reference into Title 46, Code ofFederal Regulations, Parts 110-113.

(2) Installations underground in mines and self-propelled.mobile surface mining machinery and its attendantelectrical trailing cable

(3) Installations of railways for generation, transformation,transmission, or distribution of power used exclusivelyfor operation of rolling stock or installations used exclusively for signaling and communications purposes

(4) Installations of communications equipment under theexclusive control of communications utilities locatedoutdoors or in building spaces used exclusively forsuch installations

(5) Installations under the exclusive control of an electricutility where such installations

a. Consist of service drops or service laterals, and associated metering, or

b. Are located in legally established easements orrights-of-way designated by or recognized by publicservice commissions, utility commissions, or otherregulatory agencies having jurisdiction for such installations, or

c. Are on property owned or leased by the electricutility for the purpose of communications, metering,generation, control, transformation, transmission, ordistribution of electric energy.

FPN to (4) and (5): Examples of utilities may include thoseentities that are typically designated or recognized by governmental law or regulation by public service/utility commissionsand that install, operate, and maintain electric supply (such asgeneration, transmission, or distribution systems) or communication systems (such as telephone, CATV, Internet, satellite, or

2008 Edition NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE ,ij-21


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Documents

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