Bell Ringer!!!

Find your test bubble sheet and take out your Imperialism review graphic organizer.

If you completed the 7 bonus test questions with answers, pass them forward.

Take the sheet from the shelf as well.

Bell Ringer!!!

Pass forward the formal and informal checks to Presidential power sheets.

Also pass forward the bonus if you have it.

Fill in the Cornell Sheet for Section 3

Executive BranchUnit 7

Chapter 7Sections 3 and 4

Essential Question:

What is foreign policy and how is it used in the United

States?

Section 3 – Foreign Policy

As Commander in Chief and Chief Diplomat, the president leads the nation’s armed forces and directs U.S. foreign policy.

Foreign Policy – A nation’s plan for dealing with other nations.

Section 3

4 Goals of Foreign Policy› Primary Goal: National Security: The ability

to keep the country safe from attack or harm

› 2nd: International trade› 3rd: Promoting World Peace› 4th: Promote democracy around the world

Section 3

Foreign Policy Team› State Department (Secretary of State)› Defense Department (Secretary of

Defense)› Central Intelligence Agency (Director of the

CIA)› National Security Council (National

Security Advisor)› Joint Chiefs of Staff

Section 3

Congress v the President› President:

Commander on Chief› Congress:

Declare War Prohibit military action Spending – can spend or withhold money for

defense

Section 3

Tools of Foreign Policy› Treaties and Executive Agreements

Treaty: Formal agreements between two or more countries (needs Senate approval)

Executive Agreement: Agreement between two or more heads of state (bypass Senate)

› Appointing Ambassadors Ambassador: An official representative of a country’s

government

Embassy: A permanent diplomatic mission. Refers to the building or compound housing an ambassador's offices and staff.

Tools of Foreign Policy (Con’t)› Foreign Aid

Money, food, military assistance, other supplies

› International Trade Trade sanctions: an effort to punish another

nation by imposing trade barriers Embargo – agreement among a group of nations

that prohibits them from trading with the target nation

› Military Force

Bell Ringer!!! Sit in the same seat as yesterday and take both

sheets from the shelf.

Take out your short answer questions that I gave you yesterday.

Answer the two questions that you selected on the provided sheet.

When finished, complete Cornell Notes for pages 407-410 in the PURPLE book.

› Essential Question:

What were the MAIN causes of World War One?

Bell Ringer!!!

Have a seat close to your normal seat. No, you do not have a test so don’t worry.

Take a new Cornell Sheet from the shelf for section 4 notes today.

Section 4 – Presidential Advisers and Executive Agencies

Essential Question:

How is the Exec. Branch organized and what

departments/federal agencies help the President to accomplish

the work of the Exec. Branch?

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

› Includes: White House Office (WHO)

500+ people

Top Advisors of the President Most powerful: Chief of Staff

Management and Budget (OMB)› Prepares the federal budget and

monitors, or oversees, spending in hundreds of government agencies

National Security Council› Helps the President direct United States

military and foreign policy.

› Includes: President, VP, Sec of State, Sec of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, National Security Advisor

Office of Administration› Provides administrative services to the EOP

› Responds to individuals requesting information under the Freedom of Information Act

Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)› Helps the President carry out his role as Economic

Leader

› Gives the President advice on complex economic matters such as employment, inflation, and foreign trade

President appoints the advisers with Senate consent.

The Cabinet

› Group of presidential advisers. Includes the heads of the 15 top-level executive departments

› The heads of these departments are all called Secretaries with one exception.

Department of Justice , which is referred to as the Attorney General

Cabinet Departments

1. Department of State (1789): Plans and carries out the nation’s foreign

policy.

2. Department of the Treasury (1789): Collects, borrows, spends, and prints

money

3. Department of Defense (1789): Manages the armed forces

Departments Cont’d

4. Department of Justice (1870): Responsible for all aspects of law enforcement

5. Department of the Interior (1879): Manages and protects nation’s public lands and

natural resources

6. Department of Agriculture (1889): Assists farmers and consumers of farm products

Partner Work!!!

With a partner, turn to page 227.

Complete the Cornell Notes for the additional 9 Departments.

Departments Cont’d

7. Department of Commerce (1903): Supervises trade, promotes U.S. business,

tourism

8. Department of Labor (1913): Deals with working conditions, wages of U.S.

workers

9. Department of Health and Human Services (1953): Works for the well-being of all Americans

Departments Cont’d

10. Department of Housing and Urban Development (1965): Deals with the special needs and problems

of cities

11. Department of Transportation (1966): Manages the nation’s highways, railroads,

airlines, and sea traffic

12. Department of Energy (1977): Directs the overall energy plan for the nation

Departments Cont’d

13. Department of Education (1979): Provides advice and funding for schools

14. Department of Veterans Affairs (1989): Directs services for armed forces veterans

15. Department of Homeland Security (2002): Oversees America’s defenses against

terrorist attacks

The Federal Bureaucracy

Agencies, corporations, boards, and commissions that rank below the Cabinet departments

› More than 3 million civilians

› Bureaucrats or civil servants: the people that work for the above organizations

3 Goals of Fed. Bureaucracy

1. Turn new laws into action by deciding how to apply the laws to daily life

2. Departments and agencies administer the day-to-day operations of the federal government

3. Federal agencies, with authority from Congress, regulate various activities

Broadcasting companies, labor unions, banks, airlines, nuclear power plans etc.

Independent Agencies NOT Part of the Cabinet

› Executive Agencies Responsible for dealing with certain specialized areas within

the government National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

› Government Corporations Like a private business, except the government rather than

individuals own and operate them President appoints a board of directors and a general manager to run

each corporation with Senate approval

› Regulatory Boards and Commissions Protects the public. They make and enforce rules for certain

industries or groups. Federal Communications Commissions (FCC)

Section 4

Government Workers› Political Appointees – Top leadership jobs.

President chooses these positions (either because they are very qualified or because they were supporters of his campaign). Employment usually ends when the president leaves office.

› Civil Service Workers – 90% of government employees. Permanent employees.

Section 4

Civil Service System – practice of hiring government workers on the basis of open, competitive examinations and merit. The Spoils System: jobs went to people as a reward for

their political support “To the victor belong the spoils (jobs)”

The Merit System: Standards set for federal jobs. Demanding tests are

given to people who want those jobs. Government officials hire new workers from lists of people who have passed the tests or otherwise met civil service standards.

The Pendleton Act – Created the civil service system and placed limits on the number of jobs that they president could “give out” to his friends, family and supporters