CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE

MINISTRY OF STATISTICS & PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION

GOVERNMENT OF INDIASARDAR PATEL BHAVAN, SANSAD MARG, NEW DELHI- 110001

Telephone : 011-23744620, Fax : 011-23342384e-mail: nadcso@nic.in

Website: www.mospi.gov.in

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ii

FOREWORD

This issue of National Accounts Statistics (NAS), presents the estimates of national/domestic product, consolidated accounts of the nation, private final consumption expenditure, savings, capital formation, and public sector transactions for 2004-05 to 2011-12 with 2004-05 as base year. Besides these estimates, this publication also includes separate Statements on Advance Estimates for the year 2012-13 released on 7th February, 2013. We are grateful to the Central Ministries and Departments, Departmental and Non-Departmental Commercial Undertakings, Reserve Bank of India and the Directorates of Economics and Statistics of all the State/UT Governments for their cooperation in making available the requisite data for compiling the National Accounts Statistics. We welcome suggestions from users for improvement in the coverage and/or presentation of information and data included in this publication. I would like to place on record my deep appreciation for the efforts of all officers and staff members of the National Accounts Division (NAD), CSO in bringing out this publication timely under the guidance and supervision of Shri Ashish Kumar, Additional Director General. The contribution of Shri S.K.Gupta, Deputy Director in collating and editing the material for the publication is praiseworthy and deserves a special mention.

T.C.A.Anant Chief Statistician of India

New Delhi May 31, 2013

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Deputy Director Generals Assistant Directors Ms. Bharti Gautam

Ms. Anugya Handoo

Sh. G. C. Manna Sh. Pramod Kumar Ms. Isha Kardam

Sh. M. Bhaumik Mr. K. K. Chand Sh. Manmohan Singh

Sh. K. K. Lamba Ms. Poonam Gupta Sh. Manish Kumar

Dr. Shailja Sharma Ms. Neha Kalra Sh. Yogesh

Dr. S. D. Raju Sh. Vivek Srivastava Sh. Amit Sharma

Sh. S. V. Ramanamurthy Ms. Reena Nagar Sh. Dhruva Raj Yadav

Ms. T. Rajeswari Ms. Nisha Rani

Sr. Statistical Officers Ms. Shilpa GuptaDirectors Ms. Chhaya

Ms. Biju Cyriac Ms. Smita Bisht Karki

Sh. S. C. Malik Ms. Kanwaljit Kaur Ms. Tulika Sondhi

Ms. P. Bhanumati Sh. G. N. Pandey Ms. Renu Mishra

Ms. Reena Singh Sh. R. R. Pandey Sh. Manish Bindal

Ms. Kanchana V. Ghosh Sh. B. B. Sharma Ms. Ela

Ms. A. Sinharay Sh. Virendra Chopra Ms. Tanu Khurana

Mr. S. I. S. Naqvi Sh. Arun Kumar Dubey Sh. Chetan Kumar

Sh. Hamesh Kumar Ms. Deepa Gupta

Joint Director Sh. S. S. Sharma

Sh. A. K. Tripathi

Ms. Priyanka Kulshreshta Sh. G. N. Soni

Sh. Nagesh Kumar Singh Sh. Raj Kumar

Sh. Pradeep Kumar Prasad

Deputy Directors

Jr. Statistical Officers

Sh. S. K. Gupta

Sh. R. L. Mishra Sh. Jai Prakash

Sh. S. S. Jakhar Sh. Sandeep Kumar

Dr. Chetna Shukla Ms. Vinita

Sh. Kumar Sundaram Ms. Anubha Mittal

Mr. M. Khan Ms. Jyoti LohchabMr. L. S. Deswal Ms. Nivedita

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS -2013

Additional Director General- Sh. Ashish Kumar

OFFICERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PREPARATION OF

S

CONTENTS

vi

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viii

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ivx + +xx vx { ]{{h 242

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ix

CONTENTS Pages FOREWORD (ii) NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS: AN OVERVIEW (xxxvii) STATEMENTS (1-239)

PART I: MACRO-ECONOMIC AGGREGATES 1. Macro-economic aggregates and population 2 2. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product 4 3. Price and quantum indices 5 4. Relationship of National Income and other aggregates 6 5. Consolidated Account of the Nation: 7

Account 1 - Gross Domestic Product and expenditure 6. Consolidated Account of the Nation: 7

Account 3 - National Disposable Income and its appropriation 7. Consolidated Account of the Nation: 8

Account 5 - Capital finance 8. Consolidated Account of the Nation: 9

Account 6 - External transactions 9. Performance of public sector 10

PART II: DOMESTIC PRODUCT 10. Gross value added by economic activity 14 11. Gross value added by economic activity: 16

percentage distribution and percentage Growth 12. Net value added by economic activity 20 13. Consumption of fixed capital by economic activity 22

PART III: CONSUMPTION, SAVING, CAPITAL FORMATION AND CAPITAL STOCK

14 Private Final Consumption Expenditure by object 26 15 Private Final Consumption Expenditure by object: 28 percentage distribution 16 Private Final Consumption Expenditure classified by type of goods 30 17 Private Final Consumption Expenditure classified 30 by type of goods: percentage distribution 18 Domestic Saving by type of institutions 31 19 Capital formation by type of assets and by type of institutions 32 20 Capital formation by industry of use 34 21 Net capital stock by type of institution 50 22 Net capital stock by industry of use 52

PART IV: PUBLIC SECTOR TRANSACTIONS 23. Value added from public sector by type of institution 62 24. Percentage share of public sector in value added by type of institution 63

x

Pages

25. Factor incomes, property incomes and financial 64 intermediation services indirectly measured in public sector by type of economic activity and by type of institution 26. Value added from public administration and defence 72

Including quasi government bodies 27. Gross value added from public sector by type 74 of economic activity and by type of institution 28. Net value added from public sector by type 78 of economic activity and by type of institution 29. Final consumption expenditure of administrative departments 82 30. Domestic Saving of public sector by type of institution 84 31. Gross Domestic Capital Formation in public sector 86 by industry of use and by type of institution 32. Net Domestic Capital Formation in public sector 98 by industry of use and by type of institution 33. Capital formation in public sector by type of assets 110 34. Net capital stock in public sector by industry of use 112 35. Economic and purpose classification of expenditure 120 of administrative departments 36. Government Final Consumption Expenditure by purpose 136 37. Production account of Railways 138 38. Production account of Communication 138 39. Production account of departmental enterprises other 139 than Railways and Communication 40. Production account of producers of government services 139 41. Income and Outlay account of Railways 140 42. Income and Outlay account of Communication 140 43. Income and Outlay account of administrative 141 departments including departmental enterprises other than Railways and Communication 44. Capital finance account of Railways 142 45. Capital finance account of Communication 143 46. Capital finance account of administrative departments 144 including departmental enterprises other than Railways and Communication 47. Production account of non-departmental enterprises 145 48. Production account of non-departmental 146 non-financial enterprises 49. Income and Outlay account of non-departmental 146 non-financial enterprises 50. Capital finance account of non-departmental 147 non-financial enterprises 51. Production account of non-departmental financial enterprises 148 52. Income and Outlay account of non-departmental 148 financial enterprises 53. Capital finance account of non-departmental 149 financial enterprises

xi

Pages

PART V : DISAGGREGATED STATEMENTS

54. Value added from agriculture and allied activities 152 55. Value of output from agriculture 154 56. Value of output from livestock sector 162 57. Value added from forestry and logging 164 58. Value added from fishing 164 59. Value added from mining and quarrying 166 60. Value added from manufacturing - registered 168 61. Value of output from manufacturing - registered 170 62. Value added from manufacturing - unregistered 172 62(a) Value of output from manufacturing unregistered 174 63. Value added from electricity, gas and water supply 176 64. Value added from construction 176 65. Value added from trade, hotels and restaurants 178 66. Value added from Railways 180 67. Value added from transport by other means & storage 182 68. Value added from communication 184 69. Value added from banking and insurance 186 70. Value added from real estate, ownership of dwellings 188 and business service 71. Value added from other services 190 72. Net factor income from rest of the world 192 73. Financial assets and liabilities of the household sector 193 74. Gross Fixed Capital Formation by type of assets 194 and by type of institution 75. Detailed external transactions accounts 196 76. Factor incomes, property incomes and financial intermediation 198 services indirectly measured by kind of economic activity

SPECIAL STATEMENTS S-1 Macro-economic aggregates and population 208 S-2 Depreciation as provided in the books of accounts 224 S-3 Value of output and value added from livestock sector 225 S-4 Advance estimates of National Income for 2011-12, National Product 226 and Gross Domestic Product at factor cost by kind of economic activity S-5 Quarterly estimates of GDP 228 S-6 Quarterly estimates of expenditure of GDP at market prices 234 Notes on Methodology and revisions in estimates 242

Abbreviations 261

xii

2013 2013 2013 2013

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xxxii

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xxxiii

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xxxiv

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xxxv

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xxxvi

2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 KKKK WWWW4444 WWWW """"

$$$$

(1) 2012-13 $ 31.05.2013

(2) 2013-14 $ 30.08.2013

(3) 2013-14 $ $ 29.11.2013

(4) 2013-14 $ $ 28.02.2011

(5) 2013-14 $ 30.05.2013

(6) 2014-15 $ 29.08.2014

(7) 2014-15 $ $ 28.11.2014

$$$$ KKKK

(1) 2012-13 31.05.2013

(2) 2012-13 31.01.2014

(3) 2013-14 07.02.2014

(4) 2013-14 30.05.2014

*****

xxxvii

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS 2013 AN OVERVIEW

1. THE PUBLICATION

1.01 The Central Statistics Office (CSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, regularly compiles estimates of national accounts aggregates (i.e. domestic product, consumption expenditure, capital formation, saving and capital stock etc.) for the economy as a whole as well as for the Public Sector, both at current and constant (2004-05) prices and publishes them in its annual publication called National Accounts Statistics (NAS). In January of every year, the CSO releases First Revised Estimates of national accounts aggregates for the financial year ending March of the preceding year. These estimates, brought out with a time lag of 10 months, are based on the latest available data on agricultural production, industrial production, government expenditure and other current/partial data received on railways, communication, non-departmental commercial undertakings etc. Together with the release of First Revised Estimates for the preceding financial year, the estimates for a few earlier financial years are also revised using the detailed and more comprehensive data available from various source agencies.

1.02 Besides the First Revised Estimates and their revisions, the CSO also compiles estimates of the main macro-economic aggregates for the current financial year, about two months before the close of the year, and releases them as Advance Estimates. The release of Advance Estimates contains the estimates of the Gross National Income (GNI), Net National Income (NNI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Net Domestic Product (NDP) at factor cost by industry, and Per Capita Income (Per Capita Net National Income at factor cost (in rupees) for both current and constant prices. These estimates are subsequently revised and released on the last working day of May i.e. with a time lag of two months, as Provisional Estimates, using latest data available till that time.

1.03 The present issue of National Accounts Statistics (NAS) 2013 includes the First Revised Estimates of macro-economic aggregates for the year 2011-12. Advance Estimates of National Income for the year 2012-13 released on February 7, 2013 and Quarterly Estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the years 2004-05 to 2012-13 are also included. The publication consists of five parts. The contents of each part are briefly described below:

Part-I: Macro-economic Aggregates. This part contains the summary statements of macro-economic aggregates like GDP, NDP, GNI, and NNI at factor cost at constant (2004-05) prices and at market prices, Consumption of Fixed Capital (CFC), Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE), Government Final Consumption Expenditure (GFCE), Exports and Imports, Capital Formation and Savings. This part also contains consolidated accounts of the nation and performance of the public sector.

Part-II: Domestic Product. This part of the NAS presents statements on GDP and NDP by industry of origin, i.e. by economic activity along with the percentage distribution and growth rates.

Part III: Consumption, Saving and Capital Formation. This part presents the estimates of Private Final Consumption, Saving and Capital Formation. The estimates of PFCE are presented for 38 commodity groups, whereas the estimates of Gross Domestic Saving are presented by type of institutions- public, private corporate & household sectors. The estimates of Capital Formation (comprising Fixed Capital

xxxviii

Formation and Change in Stocks) are given by type of assets-construction and machinery & equipment, by type of institutions and by type of Industry of use.

Part-IV: Public Sector Transactions. This part gives the details of the Public sector component of the aggregates like GDP and NDP (by type of institution and by the economic activity), GFCE by purpose, Savings and Capital Formation (by type of institution and by industry of use). This part, in fact, presents the details of economic accounts by a three-fold classification namely, by factor incomes, by economic activities and by type of institutions. The final consumption expenditure of the administrative departments are also given separately for the expenditure on compensation of employees, net purchase of goods and services separately by the Central Government, State Government and local authorities. The details of expenditure of the administrative departments are also provided by economic and purpose classification.

Part-V: Disaggregated Statements. This part presents detailed disaggregated statements at the crop/item/category level. The nature and extent of disaggregated data vary from industry to industry depending on the availability of information and procedure of estimation. The disaggregated estimates in respect of savings relate to financial assets and the liabilities of the household sector. The estimates of capital formation by type of assets and by type of institutions and external transaction accounts are also presented in this part.

1.04 The publication also contains an additional section that gives useful special statements such as back series of macro economic aggregates and population, depreciation as provided in books of accounts, value of output and value added from livestock sector, advance estimates of national income, 2012-13 and quarterly estimates of GDP.

2. THE ECONOMY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND NATIONAL INCOME 2.01 The advance estimate of GDP at factor cost at constant (2004-05) prices arrived at for the year 2012-13 is ` 55.0 lakh crore, as against the First Revised Estimates of ` 52.4 lakh crore for 2011-12, indicating growth of 5.0 per cent during 2012-13. At current prices, the advance estimate of GDP at factor cost for 2012-13 turns out to be ` 94.6 lakh crore as against the First Revised Estimates of ` 83.5 lakh crore for 2011-12, showing an increase of 13.3 per cent during the year. 2.02 The advance estimate of national income (i.e. Net National Income at factor cost) at constant (2004-05) prices for 2012-13 is ` 47.6 lakh crore, as against the First Revised Estimates of ` 45.7 lakh crore for 2011-12, suggesting a rise of 4.2 per cent in national income during 2012-13. At current prices, the advance estimate of national income for 2012-13 is estimated at ` 83.7 lakh crore as compared to the First Revised Estimates of ` 74.0 lakh crore for 2011-12, showing a rise of 13.1 per cent during the year.

xxxix

Table 1: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Factor Cost and National Income

or Net National Income (NNI) at Factor Cost GDP (` crore) NNI (` crore) Per Capita NNI (`)

Year

Current Prices

2004-05 Prices

Current Prices

2004-05 Prices

Current Prices

2004-05 Prices

2004-05 2971464 2971464 2629198 2629198 24143 24143 2005-06 3390503 3253073 3000666 2877284 27131 26015 2006-07 3953276 3564364 3501313 3149149 31206 28067 2007-08 4582086 3896636 4076878 3451829 35825 30332 2008-09 5303567 4158676 4705447 3664388 40775 31754 2009-10 6108903 4516071 5411104 3966408 46249 33901 2010-11 7266967 4937006 6422359 4310195 54151 36342 2011-12 (First revised estimate) 8353495 5243582 7399934 4572075 61564 38037 2012-13 (Advance) 9461979 5503476 8368571 4764819 68747 39143

Per cent growth over previous year 2005-06 14.1 9.5 14.1 9.4 12.4 7.8 2006-07 16.6 9.6 16.7 9.4 15.0 7.9 2007-08 15.9 9.3 16.4 9.6 14.8 8.1 2008-09 15.7 6.7 15.4 6.2 13.8 4.7 2009-10 15.2 8.6 15.0 8.2 13.4 6.8 2010-11 19.0 9.3 18.7 8.7 17.1 7.2 2011-12 (First revised estimate) 15.0 6.2 15.2 6.1 13.7 4.7 2012-13 (Advance) 13.3 5.0 13.1 4.2 11.7 2.9

2.03 The per capita real income, i.e. per capita net national income at factor cost at constant (2004-05) prices, as per the advance estimates for 2012-13 turns out to be ` 39,143 as against the First Revised Estimates of ` 38,037 for 2011-12. This indicates a growth of per capita real income of about 2.9 per cent during 2012-13. The per capita income at current prices during 2012-13 is estimated at ` 68,747 as compared to ` 61,564 in 2011-12 showing a rise of 11.7 per cent.

2.04 The percentage changes in the GDP (at factor cost) in different sectors of the economy are presented in Table 2. It can be seen that growth in real terms in agriculture is (3.9%) and forestry & logging (2.4%) during 2011-12. The growth rate of 6.2 per cent in the

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

(Rs.

)

Year

PER CAPITA NATIONAL INCOME

current prices at 2004-05 prices

xl

GDP during 2011-12 has been achieved due to growth in banking & insurance (13.2%), real estate, ownership of dwellings & business services (10.3%), storage (9.4%), transport by other means (8.6%), communication (8.3%), trade, hotels & restaurants (6.2%), railways (7.5%) and other services (6.5%).

Table 2: Percentage Change over Previous Year in GDP (at factor cost) of different Sectors of Economy

At Constant (2004-05) Prices

Sector (industry) 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 1. Agriculture -0.3 0.4 8.8 3.9 2. Forestry & logging 1.9 2.9 2.2 2.4 3. Fishing 2.7 3.2 5.4 1.8 4. Mining & Quarrying 2.1 5.9 4.9 -0.6 5. Manufacturing 4.3 11.3 9.7 2.7 6. Electricity, gas and water supply 4.6 6.2 5.2 6.5 7. Construction 5.3 6.7 10.2 5.6 8. Trade, Hotels & Restaurant 5.7 7.9 11.5 6.2 9. Railways 7.7 8.8 5.9 7.5 10. Transport by other means 5.3 7.3 8.2 8.6 11. Storage 14.1 19.3 2.2 9.4 12. Communication 25.1 31.5 25.4 8.3 13. Banking & Insurance 14.0 11.4 14.9 13.2 14. Real estate, OD & BS * 10.4 8.3 6.0 10.3 15. Public administration & defence 19.8 17.6 0.0 5.4 16. Other services 7.4 7.2 8.0 6.5 17. Total GDP 6.7 8.6 9.3 6.2

* OD & BS stands for ownership of dwellings and business services.

2.05 Table 3 reveals the changes in the structure of the economy during the recent years, in terms of changes in the composition of GDP since 2004-05. The share of agriculture and allied sector has gone down from 19.0 per cent in 2004-05 to 17.5 at current prices and to 14.1 per cent at constant prices in 2011-12. The share of the tertiary (services) sector has grown from 53.0 per cent in 2004-05 to 55.7 per cent at current prices and 58.4 per cent at constant prices in 2011-12.

Table 3: Gross Domestic Product by broad sectors % Share

at current prices % Share at Constant

(2004-05) Prices

Industry 2004-05 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12

1 Agriculture, forestry & fishing 19.0 18.0 17.5 14.5 14.1 2 Mining, manufacturing, electricity and construction 28.0 27.6 26.7 28.2 27.5 3 Trade, hotels & restaurant, transport, storage &

communication, financing, insurance, real estate & business services, community, social & personal services

53.0 54.4 55.7 57.3 58.4

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

xli

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (Percentage share at current prices)

2.06 Performance of agriculture and livestock sectors: The value of agricultural output recorded a growth of 4.1 per cent in 2011-12. The livestock output had grown by 4.9 per cent during the same period. The output of paddy and wheat has shown increase in the growth of production, from 7.7 to 8.7 per cent and from 7.5 to 8.1 respectively during the year 2011-12 as compared to 2010-11. However, growth in food grains has declined from 12.2 to 5.2 per cent during 2011-12 as compared to 2010-11. Estimates of value of output, value of selected inputs and production of selected crops from 2004-05 to 2011-12 are given in Table 4.

Table 4: Performance of Agriculture Percentage Change over Previous Year Item 2004-05 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12

1. Value of output (in ` Crore at 2004 -05 prices)

638530 737009 742613 750794 815158 850639 8.6 4.4

1.1 Agriculture 458496 532555 524972 524119 576144 599864 9.9 4.1 1.2 Livestock 180034 204454 217641 226676 239014 250775 5.4 4.9 2. Value of selected inputs

(in ` Crore at 2004 -05 prices)

2.1 Chemical fertilizer 23953 28451 31274 33665 35983 36400 6.9 1.2 2.2 Diesel Oil 10428 11579 11413 12690 13953 15342 10.0 10.0 2.3 Organic Manure 9654 10224 10932 11264 11586 11888 2.9 2.6 2.4 Feed of livestock 87714 88530 89648 90355 93956 97824 4.0 4.1 2.5 Seed 12537 14113 14113 13397 14257 14863 6.4 4.3 3. Production of selected crops

(in million tonnes)

3.1 Food grains 198.36 230.78 234.46 218.10 244.77 257.44 12.2 5.2 3.1.1 Paddy 83.13 96.69 99.18 89.09 95.98 104.3 7.7 8.7 3.1.2 Wheat 68.64 78.57 80.68 80.80 86.87 93.9 7.5 8.1 3.1.3 Coarse cereals 33.46 40.76 40.03 33.55 43.68 42.0 30.2 -3.8 3.1.4 Pulses 13.13 14.76 14.57 14.66 18.24 17.2 24.4 -5.6 3.2 Oilseeds 24.35 29.76 27.72 24.88 32.48 30.0 30.5 -7.6 3.3 Cotton* 16.43 25.88 22.28 24.02 33.00 35.2 37.4 6.7 3.4 Sugarcane 237.09 348.19 285.03 292.30 342.38 357.7 17.1 4.5

*Million bales of 170 Kg

xlii

2.07 Performance of Non-Agricultural Goods Production Sector: There is a positive growth in non-agricultural goods production during the year as compared to the previous year in most of the items. However the Indices of mining, spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles, wearing apparel, electrical machinery and other manufacturing have shown a decrease in the growth during the year 2011-12 as compared to 2010-11. Indices of non-agricultural goods production are given in Table 5.

Table 5: Indices of Non-Agricultural Goods Production by industry (base year 2004-05)

Industry NIC-2004 Code

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

Percentage change over previous year 2010-11 2011-12 mining 101-142 107.5 112.5 115.4 124.5 131.0 128.5 5.2 -1.9

meat, fish, fruits, vegetables and oils 151 72.2 73.6 78.7 80.0 85.7 118.7 7.2 38.5 dairy products 152 102.6 110.4 116.6 117.6 98.4 101.3 -16.3 2.9 grain mill products 153 77.0 77.0 74.1 72.5 76.5 82.4 5.5 7.7 other food products 154 157.4 173.5 144.0 143.5 161.4 185.0 12.5 14.7 beverages 155 107.1 124.9 127.0 115.5 127.2 139.7 10.1 9.9 tobacco products 16 156.6 158.9 165.8 164.8 168.1 177.1 2.0 5.4

spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles 171+172+173 118.5 124.5 120.0 127.3 135.6 133.9 6.5 -1.2 wearing apparel 181-18105 129.8 134.6 120.8 123.1 127.7 116.8 3.7 -8.5 leather & fur products 182+19 102.5 114.4 108.5 110.0 118.9 123.3 8.1 3.7 wood and wood products 20 121.7 171.1 179.5 185.0 181.0 184.0 -2.2 1.7 paper and printing etc 21+22 101.4 104.9 108.0 105.5 116.1 137.6 10.0 18.5 rubber, petroleum products etc. 23+25 114.1 121.1 125.6 130.0 133.9 136.9 3.0 2.3 chemical and chemical products 24 107.8 115.2 111.8 117.4 118.9 119.3 1.3 0.3 non-metallic products 26 123.1 131.2 135.5 146.0 152.0 159.2 4.1 4.8 basic metals 271+272+273

1+2732 148.9 167.1 169.9 173.6 188.8 205.3 8.8 8.7

metal products and machinery 28+29+30 124.1 140.4 133.7 151.3 185.6 186.5 22.7 0.5 electrical machinery 31+32 129.3 137.5 182.1 175.9 188.9 171.5 7.4 -9.2 other manufacturing 33+369 132.3 155.4 165.1 174.4 161.6 160.2 -7.3 -0.9 transport equipment 34+35 126.7 130.7 123.9 160.0 205.0 227.8 28.1 11.1 manufacturing 151-372 126.8 150.1 153.8 161.3 175.7 181.0 8.9 3.0 electricity 401 112.8 120.0 123.3 130.8 138.0 149.3 5.5 8.2 general 10-40 122.6 141.7 145.2 152.9 165.5 170.3 8.2 2.9

2.08 Performance of Services Sector: Table 6 gives some key indicators showing the performance of distributive, communication and financial services during the last few years. Indicator of gross trading income , communication and aggregate deposits & credits have shown growth of 0.7%, 12.4% and 5.5% respectively during 2011-12.

Table 6: Key Indicators on Performance in Services Sector Item Index (2004-05=100) Percentage

growth

2006-07 2007-

08 2008-

09 2009-

10 2010-11 2011-12

2010-11

2011-12

1. Gross trading income 119.8 130.3 139.3 151.5 171.6 172.0 13.2 0.7 2. Railways 2.1 Passenger net Kms. 120.7 133.7 145.6 156.9 170.0 184.7 8.3 8.6 2.2 Freight tonne Kms. 117.5 127.2 134.2 146.2 152.3 162.6 4.2 6.8 3. Communication-Telephone

Connections 209.3 305.5 436.8 631.5 860.3 967.1 36.2 12.4 4. Cargo handled at major & minor ports 124.6 139.4 142.9 163.2 170.0 175.1 4.2 3.0

5. Aggregate deposits & credits at the end of year in real terms

145.7 170.2 187.3 211.2 228.0 240.6 8.0 5.5

xliii

2.09 Price indices derived from national accounts and directly available are presented in Table 7. During the year 2011-12, the percentage growth rate of different price indices based on directly collected price data varied from 8.2 percent to 8.9 percent. Consistent with the movement of these price indices, the price index implicit in the current and constant-price estimates of gross domestic product grew by 8.2 percent in 2011-12.

Table 7: Price indices (2004-05=100)

Growth Item

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

A Derived from national accounts (Implicit) 1. GDP 117.6 127.5 135.3 147.2 159.3 6.1 8.8 8.2 2. PFCE 114.9 122.6 130.3 140.8 151.6 6.3 8.1 7.7 3. GFCF 114.7 123.0 128.9 136.1 144.9 4.8 5.6 6.4 3.1 Construction 120.7 132.3 140.8 152.1 164.9 6.4 8.0 8.4 3.2 Machinery & equipment 108.2 112.8 116.4 119.8 124.1 3.2 2.9 3.5

B Directly available 4. Wholesale price index 116.6 126.0 130.8 143.3 156.1 3.8 9.6 8.9 5. Consumer prices* 5.1 Agricultural labourers 120.3 132.7 151.1 166.2 179.9 13.9 10.0 8.2 5.2 Industrial workers 118.3 129.1 145.0 160.2 173.6 12.3 10.5 8.4

* Indices are available with base year other than 2004-05. These have been converted to base 2004-05=100 by arithmetical conversion. CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, SAVING AND CAPITAL FORMATION 2.10 The GDP at market prices is derived by adding indirect taxes net of subsidies to the GDP at factor cost. The annual growth rates in GDP at market price are presented in Table 8.

Table 8: Percentage change over previous year in GDP at market price

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 At Current prices 15.1 20.3 15.1 11.7 At 2004-05 prices 8.5 10.5 6.3 3.3

2.11 Major components of expenditure on GDP are final consumption expenditure and capital formation which are measured at market prices. Therefore, the discussion on these aspects is at market prices only. PRIVATE FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE 2.12 Table 9 below gives the estimates of Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE) in the domestic market and per capita PFCE at current and constant prices & year on year growth rates for the year 2005-06 to 2011-12. The PFCE at current prices works out to ` 50.8 lakh crore in 2011-12 as against ` 43.7 lakh crore in 2010-11. At constant (2004-05) prices, the PFCE works out to ` 33.5 lakh crore in 2011-12 as against ` 31.1 lakh crore in 2010-11. The per capita PFCE in 2011-12 works out to ` 42,278 at current prices and ` 27,881 at constant (2004-05) prices as against ` 36,880 and ` 26,186 respectively in 2010-11. The Private Final Consumption Expenditure for various item-groups both at current and constant prices are given in Table 10.

xliv

Table 9: Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE) in the domestic market

at current prices at constant

(2004-05) prices

Percentage growth over previous year

at (2004-05) prices Year Total

(` Cr.) Per capita

(`) Total

(` Cr.) Per capita (`) Total Per capita

2004-05 1925592 17682 1925592 17682 - - 2005-06 2159537 19526 2089852 18896 8.5 6.9 2006-07 2488688 22181 2270688 20238 8.7 7.1 2007-08 2850394 25047 2479686 21790 9.2 7.7 2008-09 3257945 28232 2656483 23020 7.1 5.6 2009-10 3721454 31807 2855920 24410 7.5 6.0 2010-11 4373962 36880 3105677 26186 8.7 7.3 2011-12 5081769 42278 3351265 27881 7.9 6.5

Table 10: Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE) by type of goods and service in the domestic market

(` Crore)

at current prices at constant (2004-05) prices Item-Group 2004-05 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Food, beverages & tobacco 769500 1371888 1591412 1815809 933818 988997 1046228 Clothing & footwear 127829 266582 362166 379336 239205 287416 276219 Gross rent, fuel & power 266434 501495 585149 672661 329659 343432 364559 Furniture, furnishing, appliances & services 65174 148838 180361 199586 124673 145406 154393 Medical care & health services 95560 154872 170624 187922 137407 147876 157102 Transport & communication 371800 625354 721821 864300 559187 615292 675369 Recreation, education & cultural services 57213 104258 121886 141949 83972 93868 101496 Misc. goods & services 172082 548167 640543 820206 447999 483390 575899 Private Final Consumption Expenditure 1925592 3721454 4373962 5081769 2855920 3105677 3351265

Table 10.1: PFCE: Item group wise share and growth rate

Percentage share at current prices

Percentage change over previous year at constant (2004-05) prices

pr

Item-Group

2004-05 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Food, beverages & tobacco 40.0 36.9 36.4 35.7 0.4 5.9 5.8 Clothing & footwear 6.6 7.2 8.3 7.5 14.9 20.2 -3.9 Gross rent, fuel & power 13.8 13.5 13.4 13.2 6.0 4.2 6.2 Furniture, furnishing, appliances & services 3.4 4.0 4.1 3.9 9.0 16.6 6.2 Medical care & health services 5.0 4.2 3.9 3.7 8.9 7.6 6.2 Transport & communication 19.3 16.8 16.5 17.0 12.1 10.0 9.8 Recreation, education & cultural services 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 4.0 11.8 8.1 Misc. goods & services 8.9 14.7 14.6 16.1 15.7 7.9 19.1 Private Final Consumption Expenditure 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.5 8.7 7.9

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Percentage change in the share of item-group from 2004-05 to 2011-12 at current prices shows that consumption pattern has been undergoing systematic change.

SHARE OF DIFFERENT ITEM GROUPS OF CONSUMPTION IN THE PRIVATE FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE IN THE DOMESTIC MARKET AT CURRENT PRICES

2004-05

40.0%

6.6%13.8%3.4%

5.0%

19.3%

3.0%8.9%

Food, beverages &

tobacco

Clothing & footwear

Gross rent, fuel &

power

Furniture, furnishing,

appliances & services

Medical care & health

services

Transport &

communication

Recreation, education &

cultural services

Misc. goods & services

2011-12

35.7%

7.5%

13.2%3.9%

3.7%

17.0%

2.8%

16.1%

Food, beverages &

tobacco

Clothing & footwear

Gross rent, fuel & power

Furniture, furnishing,

appliances & services

Medical care & health

services

Transport &

communication

Recreation, education &

cultural services

Misc. goods & services

xlvi

DOMESTIC SAVING 2.13 The estimates of Gross domestic saving (GDS) at current prices from 2004-05 to 2011-12 are given in Table 11. GDS at current prices during 2011-12 is estimated at ` 27.7 lakh crore as against ` 26.5 lakh crore in 2010-11, constituting 30.8 per cent of GDP at market prices as against 34.0 per cent in the previous year. The decrease in the rate of GDS has mainly been due to the (i) decrease in the rate of financial savings of household sector from 10.4 per cent to 8.0 per cent, (ii) decrease in the rate of savings of private corporate sector from 7.9 to 7.2 per cent and (iii) decrease in the rate of savings of public sector from 2.6 per cent to 1.3 per cent. Net Domestic Saving in 2011-12 remained same as 2010-11 at ` 18.9 lakh crore. It constitutes 23.3 per cent of net domestic product at market prices in 2011-12 as against 26.9 per cent in 2010-11.

Table 11: Domestic Saving (at current prices)

(` crore)

Item 2004-05 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

1. Gross Domestic Saving 1050703 1485909 1836332 1802620 2182338 2651934 2765291

1.1 Household Sector 763685 994396 1118347 1330873 1630799 1832901 2003720

1.1.1 Financial savings 327956 484256 580210 571026 774753 808334 719529

1.1.2 Savings in physical assets 435729 510140 538137 759846 856046 1024567 1284191

1.2 Private Corporate Sector 212519 338584 469023 417467 540955 619370 644473

1.2.1 Joint Stock Companies 195910 317283 446187 393172 513782 587746 607481

1.2.2 Cooperative banks & societies

16609 21301 22836 24295 27174 31624 36992

1.3 Public Sector 74499 152929 248962 54280 10585 199662 117097

2. Net Domestic Saving 730812 1067180 1351637 1237422 1522539 1889133 1888560

2.1 Household Sector 652649 850501 954674 1134203 1398336 1557062 1684995

2.2 Private Corporate Sector 112669 195237 293128 211618 303897 338574 320305

2.3 Public Sector -34506 21442 103835 -108399 -179694 -6503 -116741

3. Net Capital Inflow 13338 45524 64430 128760 180794 219715 376174

4. Gross Domestic Product (at market prices) 3242209 4294706 4987090 5630063 6477827 7795314 8974947

5. Rate of gross saving ( per cent) 32.4 34.6 36.8 32.0 33.7 34.0 30.8

5.1 Household Sector 23.6 23.2 22.4 23.6 25.2 23.5 22.3 5.2 Private Corporate Sector 6.6 7.9 9.4 7.4 8.4 7.9 7.2 5.3 Public Sector 2.3 3.6 5.0 1.0 0.2 2.6 1.3

xlvii

RATES OF GROSS DOMESTIC SAVING BY INSTITUTIONAL SECTORS (Percentage)

CAPITAL FORMATION 2.14 The estimates of Gross Capital Formation at current and constant prices as estimated by two approaches (i) through flow of funds, derived as Gross Domestic Savings plus net capital inflow from abroad; and (ii) by the commodity flow approach, derived by the type of assets, are presented in Table 12. The estimates of GCF through the flow of funds approach are treated as the firmer estimates, and the difference between the two approaches is depicted as errors and omission in Table 12. 2.15 The Gross Capital Formation at current prices has increased from ` 28.7 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 31.4 lakh crore in 2011-12 and at constant (2004-05) prices, it has increased from ` 21.2 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 21.3 lakh crore in 2011-12. The rate of gross capital formation at current prices is 35.0 per cent in 2011-12 as against 36.8 per cent in 2010-11. The rate of capital formation in 2011-12 was higher than the rate of saving because of net capital inflow from abroad of ` 3.8 lakh crore in 2011-12. The rate of gross capital formation at constant (2004-05) prices has decreased from 40.0 per cent in 2010-11 to 37.9 per cent in 2011-12. The rate of net capital formation at constant prices in 2011-12 is 30.1 per cent as against 32.8 per cent in 2010-11. 2.16 Within the Gross Capital Formation at current prices, the Gross Fixed Capital Formation amounted to ` 27.5 lakh crore in 2011-12 as against ` 24.7 lakh crore in 2010-11. At current prices, the Gross Fixed Capital Formation of the public sector has increased from ` 6.1 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 6.6 lakh crore in 2011-12, that of private corporate sector from ` 8.6 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 8.7 lakh crore in 2011-12, and the household sector from ` 10.1 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 12.2 lakh crore in 2011-12.

2.17 The change in stocks of inventories, at current prices, decreased from ` 2.5 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 1.9 lakh crore in 2011-12. The public sector and private corporate sector has decreased from ` 0.5 lakh crore to ` 0.4 lakh crore and from ` 1.8 lakh crore in 2010-11 to ` 0.8

xlviii

lakh crore in 2011-12 respectively. However, the household sector increased from ` 0.1 lakh crore to ` 0.6 lakh crore during the year.

Table 12: Gross Capital Formation (` crore)

Item at current prices at 2004-05 prices 2004-05 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

I. GCF by flow of funds Gross Capital Formation 1064041 2363132 2871649 3141465 1841262 2120377 2131839 Gross Domestic Savings $ 1050703 2182338 2651934 2765291

Net Capital Inflow from abroad $ 13338 180794 219715 376174

II. GCF by type of assets 1. Gross Capital formation (unadj) 1052231 2351255 2882413 3181424 1832051 2128284 2159417 1.1 GFCF 931028 2055772 2474464 2749072 1594475 1817584 1897309 1.1.1 Public 224108 543883 606245 662698 410891 430925 441762 1.1.2 Private Corporate 295621 658833 858558 867020 543579 675202 651230 1.1.3 Household 411299 853056 1009662 1219354 640005 711457 804316 1.2 Change in stocks 80150 179171 245113 189384 143052 185509 128655 1.2.1 Public 16472 48905 47714 42510 38796 36144 29666 1.2.2 Private Corporate 39248 127276 182493 82038 101410 137287 57272 1.2.3 1.3

Household Valuables

24430 41054

2990 116312

14906 162836

64836 242968

2846 94524

12078 125191

41717 133454

2. Errors & Omission 11809 11876 -10763 -39960 9212 -7907 -27579

3. Capital Formation (adj) 3.1 Gross 1064041 2363132 2871649 3141465 1841262 2120377 2131839 3.2 Net 744150 1703331 2108849 2264734 1319356 1548322 1507065

4.1 Capital formation (including valuables) as percentage of domestic product at mkt. prices

4.1.1 Gross 32.8 36.5 36.8 35.0 38.4 40.0 37.9

4.1.2 Net 25.5 29.3 30.0 28.0 30.9 32.8 30.1

4.2 Capital formation (excluding valuables) as percentage of domestic product at mkt. prices

4.2.1 Gross 31.6 34.7 34.7 32.3 36.5 37.7 35.5

4.2.2 Net 24.1 27.3 27.7 25.0 28.7 30.1 27.4

$ Not estimated at constant (2004-05) prices

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GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION AT CURRENT PRICES (rate to GDP at market prices)

2.18 The estimates of Gross Capital Formation (GCF), unadjusted for errors and omissions, at 2004-05 prices for selected industries as well as for the entire economy are given in Table 13. The GCF in the economy increased by about 1.5 per cent in real terms during the year 2011-12, owing to rise in all the industry-groups viz. crop & animal husbandry, transport, storage & communication and community, social & personal services. However, there was a decline of 18.8% in the manufacturing sector.

Table 13: Gross capital formation in selected industries at Constant ( 2004-05) prices

(` Crore)

I n d u s t r y 2004-05 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Percentage change during

2011-12 over previous year

1. Crop & animal husbandry 76096 127127 133162 131223 146578 11.7

2. Manufacturing 344517 420506 571579 695588 564731 -18.8

3. Transport, storage & communication 67614 145992 153006 145264 146411 0.8

4. Community, social & personal services 149525 236121 251791 279431 294674 5.5

5. TOTAL (FOR ALL INDUSTRIES) 1052232 1626221 1832050 2128284 2159418 1.5

l

3. PUBLIC SECTOR

3.01 In the year 2011-12, the public sector, comprising administrative departments, departmental enterprises and non-departmental enterprises, contributed 20.5 per cent in the GDP and 24.0 per cent in Gross Capital Formation with major contribution coming from the administrative departments and non-departmental enterprises (See Table 14). In comparison to its share in the GDP, its share in capital formation is higher. A large amount of capital formation in the administrative departments is either in the form of roads and bridges, or in the form of other construction works, which are utilised to generate essential services made available to the population free of cost, or at highly subsidised prices. In case of non-departmental enterprises, the share in income and saving generation is lower than the share in expenditure on capital formation. A sizeable part of capital formation is financed from resources outside the public sector.

Table 14: Percentage share of Public Sector in the main macro-economic aggregates (at Current Prices)

Item

2004-05

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

1 Gross Domestic Product 22.9 20.7 19.9 20.3 21.4 20.8 20.5 1.1 Administrative Departments * 9.4 8.6 8.4 9.2 10.3 9.9 9.7 1.2 Departmental Enterprises (DE) 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.3 Non-Departmental Enterprises (NDE) 11.0 9.8 9.3 8.9 8.7 8.9 8.7

2 Gross Capital Formation 23.8 23.9 24.0 27.6 26.5 24.0 24.0 2.1 Administrative Departments * 10.4 10.5 10.2 11.4 11.3 10.6 11.2 2.2 Departmental Enterprises 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.3 Non-Departmental Enterprises 10.8 10.5 11.0 13.3 12.4 11.1 10.4

3. Gross Domestic Saving 7.1 10.3 13.6 3.0 0.5 7.5 4.2

3.1 Administrative Departments * -7.2 -3.0 1.4 -8.7 -9.1 -1.8 -6.6 3.2 Departmental Enterprises 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.2 3.3 Non-Departmental Enterprises 12.8 11.6 10.6 10.4 8.4 8.4 9.7

* Includes autonomous institutions of Government 3.02 The share of public sector in Gross Capital Formation at current prices, which was 23.8 per cent in 2004-05 increased marginally to 24.0 per cent in 2011-12. 3.03 Table 15 presents growth in gross domestic product at constant (2004-05) prices generated in the public and private sectors. It can be seen that the pattern of growth of the public sector is not similar to that of the private sector. The pattern is not the same even for the non-departmental enterprises, which are purely commercial in nature. This is obvious because