CUTTING

NOtlWOfthjf' • I HM one pi

HOCK AT New Series No. 83 NOVEMBER, 1951 Fourperice

2: Behind the 'Democrat' PAT CLANCY, Secretary of the Connolly Association, snapped in

the Editor's Office.

WE CHALLENGE THE KNIGHTS OF

ST. COLUMBANUS TO REFUTE US.

I R I SH MINERS H E L P W IN BR ITAIN 'S COAL.

GALWAY FACTORY CLOSED BY JOIN-PACT SQUEEZE

American Military in Water ford f r o m P A U L O ' H I G G I N S

Irish-made copper piping no longer gleams on railway trucks supplying the Western Counties. The Galway factory which made these high-quality products has been forced to close as a result of the artificial raw-materials shortage designed to bludgeon Ireland into the Atlantic pact.

A N D R E W BOYD, whose article appears on Page Five

B E A T T I E WINS WEST BELFAST

FOR LABOUR ^ F T E R the General Elections' most

thrilling contest, Jack Beattle de-feated his Unionist opponent by 25 votes in a seventy thousand poll.

Throughout the Six Counties, Unionist majorities fell, and where nationalists were returned their majorities were in-creased. If the nationalists decide to at-tend they will form a strong if small team with B^ t t i e . Otherwise Jack Beattie is likely to be the sole voice in the House of Commons demanding Freedom for Ire-land.

VOTED LABOUR Analysis of returns from constituencies

shows that in all Irish constituencies without exooption, the Labour majorities went up. This was true even In Hammer smith where the Knights of Columtoanus (or persons representing themselves to be such) carried out a strong canvassing campaign on behalf of the Toriee.

Hyde Park orators who advised Irish-men to spoil their papers, thus helping the Tories, were ignored. > •--

OERRY ALSO Despite partitionists' boasts, Six-County

Industry is affected also. Only two out of Dairy's 27 shirt factories are working full-time, and the city has 1,000 shirt-makers idle.

While essential factories close down, Fianna Fail encourages establishment of luxury industries using American-patented processes under licence. American indus-trialists scoop the cream of the profits by using "cheap labour" in Ireland. In-dustries set up by public money have been sold to British and American private en-terprise.

While food shortages, expressing them-selves in ever-increasing prices, appear in Ireland for the first time, Denny's of Waterford have contracted to supply 4,000,000 lbs. ot meat to U.S. forces in Germanv.

SUPERVISION The meat is shipped under the super-

vision of military officers who wear army uniform in the city.

People are asking if these "supervisors" are like the "tourists" Hitler distributed

(Continued on Page Eight)

Read Your Own

w o o

Winning date:

WITHOUT THE IRISH NURSES THE BRITISH SERVICE COULD NOT EXIST.

HEALTH

Cork Protest British Naval SEVERAL thousand citizens of Cork

listened to Sinn Fein speakers ex-press their indignation at the presence in Cork harbour of British naval units, for the third time this year.

But not a single line of this has appeared in any newspaper until tfie "Irish Democrat" now publishes It In the interests of truthful and impartial Journal-ism.

For a half-hour before the meeting took place notional tunes were played from the

Meeting Against Visit — from James Savage

lorry which served as a platform; the Cork Volunteer Pipe Band paraded through the town and a number of attractive ban&etfe, some specially made for the occasion, aroused great interest in the streets.

But local newspapers refused to publish the part of the Sinn Fein advertisement which protested against the preeenoe of the British force*.

Chairman was Mr. Patrick Bums brother of the ctrcutatioa-'inMagwr of the "Irish Democrat," atfd speakers Included

k . » « ,.•••. • m •.' '

' 'mi !>•; * JWMS.7 :

tytn'

•Jo i. •

Jerry Cronin, O'Regpn, hero Britain. ^ ^

• A V . V . ' . W . V . W . V . ' . " . V . V A W . V . W . V W . V . V . ,

! GIVE THE PRODUCERS A SQUARE DEAL SAY IRISH EMIGRANTS

IRISH ™ BRITAIN -

2 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT November, 1951

1 OX X E M A It A T R A G E D Y h

MARY CAMPBELL ' ' T H E tram was almost ready to leave I Galway Station. It was the last

day of August, and the platform was crowded. The travellers divided natur-ally into two streams—holiday makers who were going home, and the others, the young men and women of Conne-mara who had been home for a holiday and were now returning to the factories and sugar beet fields of England. The fishing rod and tweed contingent settled down easily into the first-ciass carriages—the others, packed their bursting suitcases and brown paper parcels where they could, and waited for the first phase of the long journey with resigned experience.

But there was one little group that did not fit into either category. This was a family that seemed to be in a fever of excitement and nervousness. They were speaking Irish, and were dressed in country fashion, quite dif-ferent from the elegant tweeds of the visitors and the hard blue suits of the returning exiles. There were two boys and a girl, between the ages of 17 and 21 perhaps, and the mother and father. The young ones were handsome in a dark, wild way; the colours of the older man were slowly fading into middle-age, while the little mother's body was twisted and frail under her big beige shawl, although her face was patheti-cally younthful and eager.

The father was trying to be cheerful but he was wasting his time. The two young men were crying unashamedly;

• THE SAD ONE-WAY ROAD * the girl sat frozen, with a face of stone, and the mother did not speak but occa-sionally touched her children, or saw to their luggage. A S the train drew out, the young ones

^ » would not look at the mother and father but kept their faces down, crying like children. The father shouted out a last affectionate farewell, and waved bravely, but the woman pulled the shawl right over her face, and moved her hand as in denial. More than tears, that silent gesture was the very expression of heartbreak.

On the train, the other passengers regarded the two weeping youths wTtFi expressions as hard as their sharply tailored suits and their technicolor ties. Perhaps they had cried once, but now

they knew better. Next time these in-nocents would have learnt how to hfte their tears also.

A jolly fat woman tried to draw them out. "Oh cheer up," said she, "soon you'll be in London, singing about dear old Galway Bay." They stared at her, uncomprehending, and only spoke to each other in Irish.

When the train arrived at Amiens St., the fat woman got out. The young exiles started to follow her, but she told them to stay on for Westland Row, and the mail boat train: Then she said: "Good luck how, and mind you don't lose your Irish." Old she have a flash of intuition, behind all her fat jollity, that this is how Ireland is losing all her Irish?

ARANMORE MEN BRING WATER TO FIFESHIRE

Want Buses tor Mass

AT GLENDEVON 0AM

CORK PROTEST —Continued from Page One

"right-winger" Burke and the "left-winger" 0'Regan without the slightest jarring note. x

Speakers made it clear that they had nothing against the British forking people, or the unfortunate young men who are compelled to waste their lives in mili-tary uniform; they objected merely to these units being accepted as friends in the South of Ireland when forces belong-ing to the same power occupied the north-east as aggressors.

important feature of the speeches was t h e o f the U.8.A. which behaves as Britain's ally In keeping down Egypt, Persia and the other subject natfmtt.

It is widely believed that the unity in tone and personnel on this platform alarmed the venal Press to such an extent that they decided to boycott it entirely, not because they could prevent the citi-zens of Cork knowing that their city had improved on the lead given by Waterford last year, but to try to stop other cities following suit.

Stimulation exists on the future of Sinn Fein, whtoh was reorganised In 1917 as a wide representative movement contain-ing people of Very diverse views. Some boMovo that In the event of Its returning to Its original purpose It might easily be-came i serious rival to both Flaftna Fall and Fine ®WlrWN would possibly unite

It. ( M j M l to such development urobafcly be the "oW guard" who

h i w mafrttaiMKl In tus® ^ i t n l i i i i i i i the purity of the i mini mi rather than the dirt of the w m m j g .

WONT TALk

"Irish Democrat"

IRELAND'S difficulty is Scotland's op-portunity to-day. Our emigrants are

building the gigantic hydro-electrical schemes and waterworks of modern Scot-land.

What a tragedy tha t their skill and muscle are not being used at home!

Scotland was built on ruined farms—in Scotland itself no less than in Ireland. In Ireland there are ranches. In Scotland vast deer parks on what was once populous country.

The people of Fife are grateful for Irish Labour which will provide them with much-needed additional water.

GLENDEVON In the picture are shown men at work

at the Glendevon reservoir in the County of Perth. Away up in the desolate Ochil Hills, the men live in a hostel which has just been opened to accommodate them. Most of them come from the Island of Aran, off the coast of Co. Donegal, close

Reporter by the Rosses, the Peadar O 'Donnell country, the Paddy the Cope country, and scene of the greatest land battles in Irish history.

Taking advantage of the lunch-time break, the "Irish Democrat" photographer snapped the workers against the red-grey background of intractable rock, which stood up amazingly well to the shots which reverberated down the valley every few-minutes.

This is hard work, heavy work and ex-acting work, yet as one man said, you see something for it, as the dams take shape and the wild water is tamed.

This is not a "big-money" job like those where Irish tunnellers are breaking all records for slicing through rock. But it will last five years. Only grouse—the only bus on a Sunday morning leaves too late to enable the men to attend mass.

Now, the Cubitts, what about a company bus?

Iteysham Passage Worse Than Ever

Now American Ambassador p. p. Mat-thews ("the man who Is going to get America b u n In Ireland") refused to talk

Ms {tens an his arrival at Oobh. He was careful to point out, however, that his reticence was merely a cloak for "strong vMfrs" aboQt partition, bases for America, and closer rtiatkmo be-IMSmmmSkm^ H»» <9mjl He-eatd :

"I have very strong opinions, but I would for not to express ttiy opinions."

says Elsie T AM a native of Belfast now living in

London. Recently I crossed via Hey-sham from Belfast. I came early to the boat and joined a huge queue outside the sheds. Lifting two suitcases Inch by inch as the queue moved forward, I was oovered with sooty smoke and Water from the engine which almost passed through the queue. To let it pass we had to move Inwards where my feet were covered with wet cow-dung. After going through the door into the shed, we had to traverse the distance back again to the third-class gangway inside the sheds.

Exhausted and dirty, I arrived to find no place even to sit down. Eventually I placed myself on a dirty seat in the space where the luggage goes down into the hold —with d i r t all wound me. nothing even swept, let alone scrubbed. Probably the "turn-round" had been too quick to allow time for this—so no blame to the crew, who cannot be criticised, for they do their best in awful conditions.

I sat and watched the people arrive. Many were going for their one holiday in the year. They had on their good clothes —I wondered what they would look like in the morning! Mothers and fathers arrived with their families and I could Imagine the effort it had cost for them all to look so spick and span. There was no place for them except perhaps to lie in a dirty passage. I noticed many babies, a few months old, spotless in their white woollies—and I was ashamed that there was no provision for children and that animals were treated with more care.

I noticed specially the Air GadeU; they came on so proud of their new uniforms; they looked helplessly around, but there was no seat. I saw a couple take out their clean handkerchiefs and put them

O'Dowling on the ground and sit down. But I knew tha t before morning they would be stretched out—that is, If there was room —on th6 dirty floor.

No planning for the comfort of the ticket-holders. Take the money for the fare, make as much profit as you can and what does it matter?

British Railways! I have crossed for the last 30 years but there is no improvement —it is worse. Surely in these days if one buys a ticket one should be assured a t least of a seat and cleanliness—there is not even soap or towels, in the ladies' room. Inside where there are a few pews such as one used to find in casual wards where the lucky ones sit; there is a small aper-ture where one is served a cup (no saucer) of tea and a bun. One is charged 6d. on the cup and has to stand in a huge queue to get the tea and in the same queue to return the cup through the same aperture!

You can imagine the congestion and the waiting! I suppose the fact is that British Railways prefer to overwork one poor man than employ two men.

The Immediate requirement is for those in authority to travel third-class during the holiday period and think out ways of improving this scandal. But plans should be made to build boats for the present-day travelling, where every traveller has a place, where food can be eaten in a civil-ised manner. Surely a scheme could be organised where luggage is collected and put aboard .on a chute, cleanly stored and returned to the platform next morning In exchange for the receipt given the night before? Surely something can be devised where, because of the design of the boat (or the lack of design) the journey on and off the boat need not be a nightmare?

Emigrant Upturns

A F T E R living and working in " another land, and overcoming homesickness, then only is it possible to judge dispassionately the features of the native land when snatching an overdue holiday.

Alter "taking in" the All-Ireland Final, I was fortunately able to travel over much of the country at a leisurely rate, noting new features and contrasting them with those I knew in the past. Of the impres-sions I took away, some were happy, some comforting but some were disturbing too. As I sat quietly in the English autumn evening, thoughts travelling in retrospect, many impressions seemed to s tand out in relief.

Dublin, our capital city, was gay—warm and alive, a fair lady Indeed who, out-wardly at least, appeared glittering, glam-orous and prosperous. Of course it does not take long to find out t h a t the lady-has various shortcomings, and a few deep-rooted ailments.

The total picture, in some respects at least, shows a general improvement in a number of spheres. There a re more new light industries, new hospitals, new hous-ing estates, more farming machinery and more modern agricultural methods in use. There are more cars about people are bet-ter dressed and a certain amount of en-lightenment, culture and modern outlook appears to be spreading to the more re-mote parts of the country. And the County Councils are doing the i r best to improve roads, "tidy-up" wells, small bridges, paths and lanes. T ) UT there is another side to th is picture.

In my native West, t h e scene fades and changes. There is still outward evi-dence of an improved s tandard, but, under-nea th is creeping paralysis. The spectre of emigration rears its head everywhere.

by

P. J. KILROY The older people are sad, overworked, tired and disillusioned, fear ing for and uncertain of the future. Where are the crowds who filled the handbal l court on Sunday, who gathered a t t h e crossroads for some simple game, who hunted over the bogs and Who got together for a musi-cal night in some farmhouse? Mostly they are gone. The birds supply most of the traditional music now. No more do we see and hear the laughing crowds of girls and boys in the peat-bogs. Only old men, women and youths for the most part toil there or in the fields now. The churches are rarely full except at peak holiday periods and the dance-halls are filled either with very young people or those who have travelled in cars from towns 10 or 15 miles away. And when the emigrant does come home for holiday, he is recognised with difficulty and embar-rassment both by the people lef t at home and by his fellow emigrants, because young people do change a lot.

The small farm has ceased completely to pay its own way. The number of cattle kept is reduced and the crops inevitably get smaller and the weeds, rushes, briars and overgrowths fill their places. Every-thing is uncannily quiet and everyone seems to wait for something with a kind of suppressed anxiety. The cost of living has become crushing and the smaller homesteads are relying almost exclusively on money from abroad for their main-tenance. Ir.ish boys and girls overseas, with their traditional fa i thfulness and generosity to the old folks, see tha t they do not want, but in many a homestead the parents think apprehensively of the day when the family members have to go their own various ways, get married and set up homes of their own, abroad in most cases. What will happen then? Nobody knows. The situation has not as yet reached a logical conclusion, as the whole-sale emigration, at least on such a large scale, is of comparatively recent date. What will happen in ten to fifteen years' time, unless drastic action Is taken. I shudder to think. For the men who are willing to remain at home the position is made hopeless by the fact that most of the young marriageable women have emi-grated, leaving the range of feftcAoe very limited indeed. They have little Chance of obtaining a suitable partner and the marriage rate is reckoned to be one of the lowest in the world. One cannot really blame the girls. What have they got to look forward to by remaining at home? A very restricted social life with few of the amenities which are taken for granted

(CONTINUED ON PARE FOUR)

rov

November, 1951 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT

IRISH DEMOCRAT 13 Lambs Conduit Passage, London, W.C.I

All communications to The Editor,

DESMOND GREAVES

LET THEM TRY!

T H E Irish exiles in Britain are turn-1 ing to Socialism, and the Chief

Knight (Or. Reil ly) seems to think the Connolly Association is to blame.

Certainly the Connolly Association would have a poor right to its title if it was not proud to be so accused. I t can, moreover, claim to have disseminated Connolly's Socialist teachings more con-sistently t h a n any other organisation in the world. And it is proud of that, too. Neither the Connolly Association, nor this newspaper, have ever faced the Irish people with apologies on their lips.

But facts a re facts. Had we been able we would have brought about the present turn to the lef t many years ago. It is due, not to the insidious propaganda of "agi-tators," but to the relentless pressure of experienced events.

Those irked by the barrennness of quasi-masonic mutual admiration, and tempted to enter politics, should ask themselves one question. It is this: Suppose an Irish patriot wants to see Ireland united and independent, and to live in it decently, to what political party, in Britain or Ire-land, can he safely turn?

Answer t h a t question, gentlemen, and you will save yourselves a lot of breath.

The Irish have been let down time and time again, and are getting tired of it. Wonderful leaders with rainbow oratory attract no more. Neither does the politi-cal loyalty which passes f rom father to son, and preserve many an otherwise scurvy reputat ion in Ireland to-day. Clap-trap and hot air, promises without pro-grammes, a re all without appeal.

The Irish aro THINKING. And because thsy are thinking, and cannot avoid the fact that the* have been sold by everybody but the people tl)ey never tried, they are listening to the thinking party, the socialist*, In this case the Connolly Asso-ciation.

The Connolly Association is powerless to create this situation; but because the Irish exiles want intelligent discussion and re-fuse to be treated at political children, the Connolly Association presents its argu-ments v i f i i redoubled confidence that they will find a jeeponse.

As tor the opponents of Socialism, they have only, got to prove that these argu-ments are wrong, and they will surely have won the day.

They aro. n o * being given that oppor-tunity by the "Irish Democrat," and wo wHI see what use they make of It. Frankly we do not expect them to maKs a great •s t of oontrevorty. It la more likely that they wHI advise the public not to read a paper which contains something which they oannot refute.

After aH, what can they say? Is.it right for men to have to go abroad for work? Is it reasonable to support Britain and her allies against their enemies, while Britain remains in Ireland? Did the socialists partition Ireland? Did the Labour Party not itself only stop denouncing partition after Its leaders forgot their Socialism?

The Connolly Association policy state-ment appears on this page, and if the refuters can refute, the columns of the "Irish Democrat" are open to display to the world the degree of success they achieve. So lot them try.

THCY WILT OWN CHURCH

T B I S f t bulfc&ng workers oh the important 1 site a t the Isle of Grain (Sent) have

erected tftplr o f j ^ c h ^ c b In order be u p * * the necessity tf. t » v * n Rochester aftd Chatham foe Mpa.

not to a * to

Subscription Rates: 12 months 5 /6 6 months 2 / 9

Remember Wolfe Tone CONDEMNED TO DEATH 11th NOVEMBER, 1788

^ y E drink the memory of the dead The faithful and the few;

Some lie far off beyond the wave, Some sleep in Ireland too.

All, all are gone: but still lives on The faith for which they died,

And true men, like you men, Remember them with pride.

"To unite the whole people of Ireland, and substitute the common name of IRISHMEN in place of the denominations of Catholic, Protestant and Dissenter" was the avowed aim and purpose of the United Irishmen, whose social and political views were derived through their leader Wolfe Tone from the most advanced developments of the French Revolution.

"With the single exception of James Connolly," wrote Stella Jackson in the "Irish Democrat" 150th anniversary number, "Tone is beyond question the greatest of the fai thful and the few.

"Separated from Connolly by a full hundred years and unable, naturally, to profit as Connolly did by the enormous advances in politics and understanding of society made during t h a t hundred years, Tone yet resembles Connolly closely in many ways, and most notably in his statement of the means by which his purpose of freeing Ireland was to be reached. . . . "

"If the men of property will not support us," declared Tone, "they must fall. We can support ourselves by the aid of that numerous and respectable class, the men of no property."

Tone, the Protestant revolutionary, ready a t all times to join hands with his Catholic and dissenting fellow countrymen, is an example and call to the leaders of nationalism in our own time, now mostly Catholics, to strive to win adherents from the Protestant persuasion,,so t h a t Tone's dream of a "common name of Irishmen" throughout a united thirty-two counties, will be realised.

We ki REFUTE A CERTAIN ^ U G U S T BODY

A RECENTLY DECLARED THAT THE C O N N O L L Y ASSOCIATION "MUST FOUGHT." WELL, HERE IS OUR HEAD ON A PLATE. ALL THAT IS NECESSARY IS TO CUT IT OFF.

If the statement of policy given below can be refuted, then there will be no need to light the Connolly Association; it will be finished. So we Invite the Chief Knight, or anybody else, who thinks he can refute our statements, to do so—in our own columns. That is, of course, IF they dare.

1. Ireland is not by natiir^ a Poor coun-try, but Is richly endowed. Her tail Is fertile, her s o u i t em with ftsh. There are ample fuel and mineral resources If properly used. Her people are apt, intelligent and Industrious.

2. Yet her finest sons, the flower of her youth and manhood, are betaf drained away year by year through emigration.

3. The vast majority of emigrants would prefer to continue to live in their own country.

4. Therefore there must be qpmethlng wrong in the state of Ireland. The flrst thing wreng Is that Ireland l> not a free country, se that the abilities and wishes of her people count for little. Britain holds the six oountlee of the nor th*** by mili-tary force. British finance holds the remainder economically through a

of MM** Investments, and

5.

«. Hence t h e B*ttW»-entorc«i partition and domination of Ireland which protects BjritUfh private property, is the main cause & t h p trouble in Ire-land, and thte trouble cannot be re-moved unless British domination is ended and British private property interfered with.

7. Those Irishmen with little or no pro-perty t)>m*0k wdpajrijltopiy dis-possess Britain as the Persians have done in Afradsn But the bigger Irish property opmers w e afraW * * their own interests, *hteh w e often closely linked with Britain, and have in-vented the pretended principle that all private property is sacred, how-ever It may have been acquired. They fear that tampering with property rtg^te in any form may lead to the Bngltoh capitalist system being re-plaeed by an Irish system of co-operation.

a. Hence the second thing wrong in I n * * to the tfrWty. of Nm MBRor •aaaavlii^lMlMi •BAB IAA p n s i n r v ^ w q w n p w w ^ i w u

9.

represent them, and this leads to them making such a poor showing in the strjuggle for Ireland for thoMrish. It follows that the struggle to free Ireland can only be led by "that numerous and respectable class, the men of no property," as Wolfe Tone called them, though it is true that members of the prqpeftled classes will join in. This Is tjodause, thanks to British private property in Ireland* Irish private property Is at a dls-advantage, and many of those with

S e r t y the friends at ti» *G0(kin§

as the larger ones are their

10.

11.

12.

13.

It also fallows that the present at-tempts to persuade the exiles that Ireland can- be. fceed a s a result-of a deal between propertied Interests are detentions J M S 8 IMWr propertied interests are part of the trouble in Irelamjand the reason why a i | Irishman cannot live at home, talless he has Mamiiki^ .property to support himself, or fipgs spme property owner willing to eaqday him. The exiles hi Britain are vitally in-terested in the freeing of Ireland since this alone wlU enable them to go home. Because in effect Ireland is private property from shope tp sfepre, freedom means more than t ip ending of partition alone. R moans the breaking of the stranglehold of British property, taking care that no local propertied Interests, foreign or Seonin, step Into the vacant shoes, but safeguarding, the Interests of the small property owners. The life of the Irish exile in Britain is not what it should be. The Irfejh do the heaviest, hardest, and mofst essential work in building, civil en-gineering, and nursing to mentiqn only three. But this work Is n+t honoured as labour should be. It Is requited by the worst of already bad bousing, and by utterly tasufltaient facilities for social life, cultip*, sport and recreation. The emigrant* are preyed on by commercial interests which offer to sell these things but often give very poor value. The Irish in Britain have Sound by experience that their best friends are thft working people who are ahtftatfjr circumstanced to themselves. They hM*a .JUBSft w4> <r< I m $ * i t i t h s . trade, unfew s w t t i U P t u f A l f c l f c h t » i f i i movement with the otyoct of defend- i lng themselves against Intolerable exactions, and winning: a life fit for men,

14.

15.

1&

The exiles want to go home, tylt pot to be as bagiy off in Irelapd ag they are in Britain. TIm onjy . that this be avoided is ! ing men lifce j a' hand -.in af f^rs /a i ) "" alone can ments. sympathise with any movement at home which aims at worfcihgHRlass management. -« . -.>' Since the exiles have oemmon needs, the freelng- of irsi»nd and I

tond, tlHar w M to ^fpft aj} differences and struggle together to NWffl 4MI. 'IMfl It to likewise to tho taUotofaj&fa'. exiles that the. common people of Ire-land should make up limb iliftliiHiiii and. thehrdusaeria a a * r w i | * j S B | * ; : sweep of the totereata whtoh, sftwrt In the way a t a f a n mitmi ,dH»>«ntio IreUmd, H S j t B j t o t t ^ l B l i l ^ made recipe for prapseM?, vtoos that the M k bo done tolrelaad (d

17.

10.

The prospect qt s a e h v t f e i c - d a * to seriously: diminished by the thftafc a t ^W Tj willed dtt BB Bi' - J COJ I® 5 . and attiotton of peaceful development. Wars a n canjdglfcfoi ir i " property owners who than they have got, and go J people's countries to take It The way to stop war to stay in their own those who*" have- gene <

Ireland Imsaif the victim ot rive, w*ma/m, im « « * \ WmPNthtoe with

being threatened

ba«M to help parations. sugh bpas wm

a * tt i» a tfe

4 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT November, 1951

Honour the Manchester Martyrs and Chartist Defender . V A V . V . V . V . V . V . "

THE PROTEST OF ERNEST JONES T H E rescue of Kelly and Deasy took

1 place on the 18th of September, 1867. Immediately the Manchester police poured into the Irish quarters of the city, making indiscriminate arrests. By evenirjg 20 were taken, and the number swelled the following day, when, to the ill-mannered snob-bish sneers of the sedate middle-class "Manchester Guardian," which made great play of the prisoners' "lack of education," 29 were hailed before the magistrate.

The speech of one of the condemned (Column Foun serves as a testimony to the abilities of the Manchester business-men to judge education. O'Brien could

EMIGRANT RETURNS (Continued from Page Two)

abroad and, worse still, the likelihood of being grass widows for part of each year while the husband emigrates to the British farms and the burden of the whole house-hold falls on their shoulders.

Hence we find the numbers in our old school playgrounds sadly depleted even since our own fairly recent "gambolding" there. iriiHIS Western picture is neither pretty J- nor entertaining and, worse still, no-body attempts to do anything about it. The Government sits back and while the hard-earned money of the emigrant continues to flow inward, allows prices to soar and economy to become top-heavy and un-balanced. Manufacturers and traders, brewers and importers, dance-hall owners and all the rest reap their own particular harvests.

As I see it, the time for preaching sad, sympathetic sermons on emigration, re-gretting the fact, but doing nothing about it, is over. The lealj has become a large hole and the ship lists ominously. The false veil of apparent prosperity must be lifted—for the prosperity would be short-lived if all the thousands of emigrants returned home suddenly.

A government of the ordinary people is needed quickly, who will stop foreign in-vesting, curb the activities of the banks,' readjust the lop-sided economy, start a large number of light industries in the Western regions, improve social services and social life and etolargp find modernise at least three or four of the larger West-ern towns. (Most of them still belong to the Victorian era.) If this were done within the next 10 or 15 years the flow of emigration would- diminish to a trickle; many of those emigrants with technical and other skill acquired abroad would re-? turn to take part in the regeneration. New life and new spirit would appear in the communities and we might even be able eventually to sit in the local on a Saturday night and hear our native voices all around us, instead of those of the stranger.

We can only work for this with a chance of success if the people realise the solution is in their own hands. - If^ they realise they are the owners of the land they have a right to the wealth, comfort, peace and family life which should be their natural birthright. That a small, weak, apathetic, irresponsible, self-seeking and greedy sec-tion of the community is helping to keep it from them, that they are not asking any favours—that it is theirs, I reiterate, as a RIGHT.

T

FARMERS HOLD BACK IKE beet sugar campaign began late at

the Kidderminster factory of the beet sugar monopoly because of the slowness of-fanners Us turning in their beet.

Nonetheless, when the "Irish Democrat" reporter visited tlie district, the roads were alive with wagon* carrying beet into the town, and the sidings around the fac-tory were heaped with it.

KMtormHvtor (Mtory has the repute-tlen of h tv l s f the least MMbtf ' M®^

M ' M K ^ H l t M l l l IH Britain, but to t M M M M M I w i t nmsMnery m

MM, only !»• i m i w w n «r»

• r a n w wwtfc i* full w*tat now, and the

i§ eipflcted t o continue far lour

have made many additions to their own. Immediately Mr. Roberts was engaged

as solicitor, and the choice of counsel fell naturally to Ernest Jones, the greatest chartist leader and advocate.

IT is not generally known that Ernest Jones, who was brought up in Ger-

many, came to Chartism through his contact with the Irish movement. He frequented Feargus O'Connor's Irish Society after his arrival as a young man in London, and alter a visit to Ireland, where he was offered an Irish seat in Parliament, he is supposed to have con-tributed to O'Connor's Irish newspapers, and certainly jointly edited "The Labourer" with O'Connor.

It was therefore no accident that Jones was briefed, despite his fame as a lawyer irrespective of politics. He recorded in his diary how he became an adherent of Irish nationalism after reading "The Nation." He contributed poems to it under the pseudonym of "Carl," and was thus introduced to O'Connor. After his death his family invited Justin McCarthy to write the official biography but the anti-Parneliite leader, a genuine if mistaken man, was too busy.

Jones's first action in the court was to protest against the fact that the prisoners were manacled. The magistrate informed him—such is the majesty of the law—that he had manacled the prisoners on the in-structions ol the police. When Jones had

publicly shown that this procedure was illegal and the magistrate had none the less persisted in it Jone.s declared: "1 can-not lend myself to such a violation ol public justice." and walked out ol the court as a protest.

But the prisoners declared that they would not be defended at all unless Ernest Jones did it, and the court adjourned, only to return with the decision that the chains must remain. < rrHE prisoners were thus as good as con-" J - demned before they were tried, and the judicial murder then carried out, was neither the first nor the last which the hypocritical ruling class of Britain per-formed upon the unfortunate men it got into its power.

Even the contemptible sycophantic "Manchester Guardian" of the day was compelled in its condescending way to pay a tribute to the demeanour of the prisoners.

"The demeanour oil these fellows," it wrote, "towards each other was most familiar, and the courteous manner in which a jug of watgr, provided for their common use, was passed at times along the line was suggestive of fraternal feeling." It would be a poor man indeed who did

experience fraternal feeling for the heroes of 1867, and that is why their trial, and the final execution of three of them, known as the Manchester Martyrs, is com-memorated year by year in the city of Manchester.

PARXELL1TE VETERAN JOINS CONNOLLY'S

I ATEST reoruit to the Connolly Association is Mr. James Keeley,, whose k membership oard in the Irish National League Is shown above. Mr. Keeley, who describes himself as "seven-nine years .ypung," has a record which is a testimony to the contribution made by the Irish in Britain to the building of the Labour movement in the country of their exile or adoption.

Born of Irish parents in Manchester in 1872, Mr. Keeley Joined the Irish National League at the age of 16, becoming a mem-ber of the T. P. O'Connor branch at Gor-ton, Manchester.

In 1898 he Joined the Transport Workers' Union, and became an executive member of the Vehicle Workers' Union in 1905 and again in 1910, attending the Caxton Hall in the latter year to discuss Keir Hardie's "Right to Work" Bill, which secured precisely one vote in the House, namely Keir Hardie's.

THE I.L.P. In 1908, Mr. Keeley Joined the Longsight

branch of the Independent Labour Party, and collaborated with Bruce Glazier in setting up the old "Socialist Sunday Schools."

He knew Seumas Barratt well, having sat with him on the Manchester and Sal-ford District Committee of the United Irish League of Great Britain.

Mr. Keeley now lives in Sale, Cheshire, and takes as lively an interest in politics as ever. He recalls the elections he fought In Levenshulme, and the many times he took a leading part in what are now re-garded as the classical campaigns of the past.

A fine old fighter, and reader of the "Irish Democrat." he is very welcome to the Connolly Association.

MR. JAME8 KEELEY

IRISH CLASS Those interested in attending an Irish

Language Class under the auspices of the West London Connolly Association should communicate with the Editor, "Irish Democrat, 13 Lambs Conduit Passage, London, WC. 1.

O'BRIEN'S SPEECH FROM THE DOCK

"T SHALL commence by saying that every witness who has sworn any-

thing against me has sworn falsely. I have not had a stone in my possession since I was a boy. I had no pistol in my possession on the day when it is alleged this outrage was committed. You call it an outrage. I don't. I say further my name is Michael O'Brien.

"I was born in the County of Cork and have the honour to be a fellow-parishioner of Peter O'Neal Crowley, who was fight-ing against the British troops at Muchels-lown last March, and who fell fighting against British tyranny in Ireland. I am a citizen of the United States of America, and if Charles Francis Adams had done his duty towards me, as he ought to do in this country, I should not be in this dock, answering your questions now. Mr. Adams did not come, though I wrote to him. He did not come to see if I could not find evidence to disprove the charge, which I positively could, if he had taken the trouble of sending or coming to see what I could do. I hope the American people will notice this part of the busi-ness.

"The right of man is freedom. The great God has endowed him with affec-tions that he may use, not smother, them, and a world that may be enjoyed. Once a man is satisfied he is doing right, and attempts to do anything with that con-viction, he must be willing to face all the consequences.

"Ireland, with its beautiful scenery, its delightful climate, its rich and productive lands, is capable of supporting more than treble its population in ease and comfort. Yet no man, except a paid official of the British Government, can say there is a shadow of liberty, that there is a spark of glad life amongst its plundered and persecuted inhabitants. It is to be hoped tha t its imbecile and tyrannical rulers will be for ever driven from her soil amidst the execrations of the world.

"How beautifully the aristocrats of Eng-land moralise on the despotism of the rulers of Italy and Dahomey—in the case of Naples with what, indignation did they speak of the ruin of families by the de-tention of its head or some loved member in prison. Who has not heard their con-demnations of the tyranny tha t would compel honourable and good men to spend their useful lives in hopeless banishment?

"They cannot find words to express their horror of the cruelties of the King of Dahomey because he sacrificed 2,000 human beings yearly, but why but those persons who prelend such virtuous indig-nation at the misgovernment of other countries look at home, and see that greater crimes than those they charge against (ther governments are not com-mitted oy themselves or by their sanc-tion? Let them look at London, and see the thousands that want bread there, while those aristocrats are rioting in luxuries and crimes.

Look to Ireland; see the hundreds of thousands of its people in, misery and want. See the virtuous, beautiful and industrious women who only a few years ago—aye, and ye t - are obliged to look at their children dying for want of food.

"Which are the young men of Ireland to respect—the law that murders or banishes their people or the means to resist relent-less tyranny, and ending their miseries for ever under a home government?

"I need not answer that question here. I trust the Irish people will answer it to their satisfaction soon. I am not astonished at my conviction. The Govern-ment of this country have the power of convicting any person. They appoint the Judge; they choose the Jury; and by means of what they call patronage (which is the means of corruption)they have the power of making the laws to suit their purpose I am confident that my blood will rise a hundredfold against the tyrants

out-iden-

tified impfoperjy^by having chains on my hands and'leet a t Hite'tlm* of identifica-tion, and thus the witnesses who have sworn to my throwing stores and firing a pistol have sworn to what is false, for I was, as those ladies said, at the Jail gates. I thank my counsel for their able defence, and also Mr. Roberts, fbrhiR attention to

my cane."

who, think proper to ^ommlt an rage In the first jftace.T say I wis ii

November, 1951 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT S

THEY ARE UNITED AT BETTESHANGER DEMOCRAT READER DESCRIBES UNIQUE PIT

"VESTLING amid the cornfields ol East Kent is the Betteshanger Colliery,

which employs 2,300 men of various nationalities, but mostly from Britain and Ireland.

The coalfield is a comparatively now one and was opened up in the present century when it was discovered that some disturbance had brought to the surface the coal measures which, starting from Kilkenny and Pembroke, run right under-neath Southern England, too deep to be got at. The coal itself rather resembles South Wales or Irish coal.

O T H E R A R E A S Workers were drawn from existing

mining areas, since there are no other pits within two hundred miles; they came from Scotland, Wales, Yorkshire, Dur-ham, Lancashire and Nottingham, and they also came from Ireland, at first for special jobs, such as the sinking ol the Tilmanstone shaft in 1928, but afterwards spread to other work.

Every ingredient for a bosses' paradise, you will say. with the workers busy fighting among themselves.

OF SHIPS AND STEEL (~)NE of the conditions upon which Mar-

shall Aid was granted to Britain was that there should be a reduction in the amount of steel allocated to the ship* building industry. This would cripple British shipping and give America an opportunity to build up her own merchant fleet. It would also cause unemployment in the shipbuilding centres in Great Bri-tain and Northern Ireland.

Senator Fleming recently raised this question of steel shortages in the North-ern Senate. He said that the lack of steel for ships' frames would cause unem-ployment in the near future.

For years the bosses of the Belfast shipyards have been saying that steel shortage causes them to refuse important orders for merchant and passenger ves-sels.

It now seems however that the Gov-ernment which could not find enough steel for merchant vessels has plenty for

the building of warships. At the annual conference of the Confederation of Ship-building and Engineering Unions Lord Pakenham, First Lord of the Admiralty said:

"Reduction in the rate of merchant ship repairs was being off-set to some extent by increased naval re-fit work and the small decline in the numbers of men employed on merchant shipping was more than offset by those employed on new naval construction.

We are pressing on at full speed with the completion of a number of aircraft carriers and destroyers of the post-war programme which had hitherto to take second place to merchant work in the commercial yards." This is the kind of shipbuilding that

America will approve of. Nevertheless em-ployment in the shipyards remains uncer-tain and spasmodic.

* * *

CATHOLIC P R I E S T MOLESTED

4 SHOCKING case of attempt to harm a Catholic parish priest made by

American occupation troops in Newfound-land, is reported in the "Sunday Herald," Conservative paper with the largest cir-culation in Newfoundland State (now part of Canada).

Five "Seabees" and a member of the regular US. Navy entered a dance hall near the American naval base of Argentia, and though there was no disturbance in-side the hall, their remarks anent the Newfoundlers portended trouble outside. While trying to prevent this trouble the priest was rudely threatened and told he would "get his arm broken.4'

The six were later arrested on the com-plaint of Rev. Father Hogan, by Corporal MacCormack, who had himself been man-handled by the occupation foroe and suf-fered severe Injury at the hands of the Americans some time ago.

It would appear that American forces in Newfoundland have a special antipathy towards Irish Catholics.

T i E W Catholics are so foolish as to allow their religious beliefs to be used to

further the ambitions of individuals. In a recent election for Assistant General Sec-retary of the A.E.U. one of the candidates sent a circular letter exclusively to branches in the Twenty-Six Counti,§s in which he stated that as "the Catholic Church was opposed to Communism and as his opponent was a Communist he ex-pected that all Irish Catholics would give him support.

A Waterford Branch secretary to whom this letter was sent said that such a cir-cular would pot get his support because the sender himself was not a catholic and had therefore no right to play upon the beliefs of catholics.

The opponent in question. Mr. W. Han-nington had this to say to the Catholic members:

"I also respectively urge members who belong to the Catholic Church not to allow their religious faith to be ex-ploited by those who use the 'Associa-tion of Cathollo Trade Unionists' for campaigning to defeat progressive can-didates . . . Catholic workers have the same desire as others to improve their wages and working conditions and to provide a better life for their families."

COSMOPOLITAN But you would be wrong. "We are a

cosmopolitan lot." one miner told the "Irish Democrat," "and we get on well. In my shift there are two Welshmen, one Irishman and two Englishmen."

There is 100 per cent trade unionism. When the peace petition (calling for a pact between the first great Powers to outlaw war) was displayed at the pithead recently, 400 signed in two hours.

But the nationalities do not forget their homes. The Scots organised a collection on behalf of Mr. W. Lauchlin's candida-ture in Fife in succession to Mr. W. Gal-lacher. The Irish take a prominent part in local affairs, in clubs and the Catholic Church.

NEW CLUBS Mi-. Jack Gerharty has just been elected

chairman of the Dover Workingmen's Club. James Sweeney, who came via Scot-land, is secretary of the Welfare Commit-tee. Harry O'Brien put his name to the appeal to all workers to sign the Five-power Peace Pact petition, as did also Joe Burke and Colm Connolly.

Paddy O'Leary, a fine type of a miner still at the coal face, is a leading figure in local Catholic circles and a regular reader of the "Irish Democrat." He came via Wales, and thought the situation in Kent, with its strange mixture of men who knew how to stick together, was unique.

CONCLUSION And what conclusion would be. drawn?

Only one, that working men of diverse origins who can stick together in a single pit, to fight exploitation, could and will unite on a world basis, abolish the in-equalities between nations' rights, and create an international brotherhood— without being a whit less Irish, or Eng-

| lish, or anything else.

NORTH LONDON BRANCH

Connolly Association now meets each Thursday

WE FORETOLD TV/IR. MacLOGAN, generally recognise!

to be the brains of the Sinn Fein movement, now apparently preparing to fill the political vacuum left by the vir-tual coalition of Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, is beginning to make his name as an able and acute politician.

His contention that the long-term policy of imperialist reaction may involve a new deal on Ireland which will be no better than the old, will not, however, be a novelty to readers of the "Irish Demo-crat."

We were the very first newspaper to warn against the dangers of American encroachment, declaring that the United States merely wanted to step into the shoes of Britain, not abolish the oppres-sion of small countries. This we pointed out in 1946. In 1948 we said:

"Removal of partition to the accompani-ment of Western Union, Marshall Plan, and the abandonment of national sove-reignty, it only a part of the reactionary plan for the American colonisation of Europe."

We warned against the danger of a Redmondite sell-out, and showed how, while talking about national unity and independence the late unlamented coali-tion was, in fact, handing over the na-tional positions to the imperialists.

It was long a source of amazement to us that the Labour and Republican move-ment was not quicker to appreciate what was happening.

The Republicans are alive to It now, and the "Irish Democrat" can congratulate itself in having at anyrate helped to bring about public recognition of actuali-ties which are frightening in their Im-plications.

"All the more reason why the "Irish Democrat" deserves your support. Be" cause we come out every month regularly and have not missed an issue in ton years, people think the paper edits, prints and sells itself. It does not It d e r m i s on voluntary work on a truly astonishing scale. This Is at best an insecure founda-t i o n d u e to took of money. 8o, If you want the up-to-dnte sendee it gives you, send in your subscriptions to the fighting fund.

EVERYBODY BUT IRISHMEN ARE TO DEVELOP IRELAND'S

^pHE possibilities of developing the 1 mining of lead and zinc ore in the

Sllvermines dlstrlot is being tween representatives of tty Lead and Zinc Co., Ltd., and E.C.A.

Mr. Enos Curtin, special E.C-A.-consul-tant in Paris, who is jtii Ireland oil a visit, has met directors of the Silver-liiines Company and It is believed that the

question of a development of thfe stderatiop; . - t - W M • The, ntynes hte dating back to w silver Is said to, have The first large-scale rfed out b r t a t i p £ i ( § General Mining

S jS '6 SINN FEIN LEADER ATTACKS AMERICA M ORE than one hundred delegates,

the majority from the Six Counties, were present at the two-day session of the Sinn Fein Ard-Fheis, which opened at No. 9 Parnell Square, Saturday, October 6th.

Of the delegates, ten were from Bel-fast, twenty-flve from Armagh, eight from Down, six from Derry and two from Tyrone. Eight were present from Eng-land and three delegates attended from Scotland.

In the course of his presidential ad-dress, Padraig Mac Logan, Portlaolse, veteran Republican and one-time Repub-lican M.P.. said:

"The, passage of the years has amply demonstrated and exposed the pretence that the freedom of Ireland could be achieved by first surrendering the Repub-lic and afterwards endeavouring to regain it. through constitutional and legal machinery—machinery that was devised to frustrate any such achievement and designed to preserve the continuity of British interference and influence in the internal affairs of the Irish nation."

"The people of Ireland live under a social and economic system which, In the main Is of alien origin. Through the operation of the system, many o* our people live under conditions not far re-moved from starvation level, or alterna-tively, are forced to emigrate to gain a livelihood or to support their dependents."

"A considerable part of the weaAth and resources .of Ireland is owned cf con-trolled by aliens, and by that section of the peopfc which supports and fosters the British Imperialist system, and quite openly or discretely, endeavours to main-tain the connection with Britain. The power and influence wielded by these people bears, proportionately, no resem-blance to their numbers, which in latter years have increased, due to a desire by British speculators to acquire property in Ireland, the better to secure themselves from the higher rates of taxation prevail-ing in the land from which they flee, It is largely through the power thus wielded that Britain enforces her domination to the detriment of the rights and interests of the vast majority of the Irish citi-zens."

"Since our last Ard-Fheis, the Ard-Chdmhairle considered It necessary to re-lease for publication statements dealing with matters of national importance. It is unnecessary to reiterate the substance of these statements on this occasion. They defined what, in the view of the Ard-Chomhairle, was the correct and true na-tional attitude on those questions with which they dealt. It Is, however, neces-sary to stress the ever-present danger to Ireland's real Interests, arising from the activities of nationally weak and inter-nationally servile leaders on both sides of the Border.

"For sflftsh purposes of personal pres-

tige pnd party interests, such leaders are prepared to make concessions t # « of the people i and so jAmerl land, In the hops Of obtain form of national Government. Once any form of restricted oontrol over the thirty-two counties had been achieved, a plau-sible oase would be made to ally our coun-try to British and American imperialism.

"Existing faollities for the prosecution of wsr, at present available to Britain and Amerlos would be extended on call, and Ireland committed to full partici-pation In any future carnage of human life In which these countries may become Involved."

"It is necessary that we of the Repub-lican movement continue to emphasise the presence of this threat to our nation and her people. It Is essential that the British people understand and appre-ciate its significance, and understanding and appreciating it, organise and prepare themselves to resist It.

"Reference here to British and Ameri-can Imperialism might be misconstrued by critics, as indicating a leaning of the Republican movement towards the Eas-tern brand of Imperialism, that for the moment has ceased to be the ally, and op-poses the forces of Britain and America. A Joint statement on behalf of the Repub-lican movement, released for publication during the: past year, should be perused before critics Hasten, perhaps, to reach a completely erroneous conclusion."

towards the | | :^:under con-

1919 a syndicate ' drillings .did Hbt go any

' " I f l l T H H " -, Iir

Then 7n~ 1932 the" British Noil-Ferrous Mining Corporation seeded ai\ option cm' the'jnioes $pd, Jrfter dimlings, their engi-neer ripdrtjed, &4t he nfl^satisfied that in ah etrfk of abdGt 15 aires mere were at least half a million tons of ore with a zinc content of 21:4 per cent, andj that there was a possible total of tW-and-threequarter million tons of ore in the locality.

The Corporation were advised that the ore would be amenable to the Waelz treatment, but because of a fill in' the price of zinc no further progress was made. * - 1. : "

The present company, formed two years ago, have Installed a Waelz kiln for the processing of the ote.

SPECULATIONS P 0 8 T E R B have appeared aH over Dublin x asking for M M recruits to • neo-

outside Ireland. Mondkots must ko pfd* pared to prove themselves fcy perform-ances of dwiw** I t Is k M p n that the British Faooiot leader u n p u r c h a s e d a n eetate m Ttppemry ekd Is farming I t

A visitor ^ Dowi)o (Kent) iji

6 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT November, 1951

Ule\e att Jstidh in W.cvp^ping, I R I S H ?" said the old • London's historic

resident of East End,

"We're all Irish in Wapping. I'm Ke l l y ; he's O'Br ien; and there's a Sullivan. I remember when every public house in this district had the sun-burst of Ireland on the walls and a picture of Robert Emmet on the wall. They're stowed away in trunks these thirty years. We don't go in for hanging pictures much these days." I took a glance a t the names of the local

sportsmen — and if confirmation were needed—there it was.

ORIGINS They are proud of their origins too. One

old lady, descended from O'Driscolls and McCarthys f rom Cork, and married to an Aherne, commented proudly on one of the achievements of her sons: "Well, isn't tha t just like an I r i shman!"

The pictures are off the walls, but the recor d of the past is deeply graven in the hearts of the people.

Mrs. Aherne told me with pride how she attended Terence MacSwiney's funeral, and the memories of this Liverpool of the South go back still further. Their fore-fathers fled f rom famine. Fenians "on the run" sheltered among the older arrivals. And away back before that again, Edmund Burke in 1780 estimated the number of Irish in East London, especially Wapping, as between 4,000 and 5,000, and London was quite a smal l town then.

RECORDS No longer remembered, but in the

records are to be found items which throw a vivid light on the history of the two nations living side by side, and incident-

ally ol the British Labour movement's limitations in respect of the Irish element. The "Gentleman .s Magazine" of 1738 re-ports the discovery by the Peace Officers of a "Private Mass-house" at a little ale-house at the back of Shoreditch. About

by

Eamonn Macloughlin a hundred people gathered together there in a garret, and were miserably poor. On examination they proved to be Irish. The members of this secret Catholic "conven-ticle" were probably newly-arrived Irish.

Next year (it may be against these very men) the English labourers rioted against t h e alleged employment of Irish at low-wages in the building of the new Church of St. Leonard.

ANTIPATHY Then, as now, there were those who

whipped up antipathy against the Irish who eame to Britain for work, but said never a word against the English who

went to Ireland for plunder, and drove its own people abroad.

A contemporary chronicler writes: "There are about 8.600 stevedores

proper engaged in the Port of London, exclusive of Tilbury Dock, and of these about 75 per cent, are Londoners, with a large proportion of the remainder Irish . . . a great number of the Lon-doners are of Irish nationality. This is ascribed by some (with what t ru th it is hard to say) to the powerful Steve-dores' Union which a t t rac ts labourers who, like the Irish, have a genius for combination."

ACCIDENT It is surely no accident that the head-

quarters of the Docker's Union was a tavern called "Paddy's Gorse."

It is also no accident t ha t down in Step-ney in- the Irish areas, the rarest creature of all is a supporter of the Tories. It is a land of docks and workers' flats, tall buildings and rough streets on all sides. The only cause for regret is t ha t when the militant struggles of the close of the last

century were over, the most advanced wing of the working class failed to carry the East End Irish with them. To consider the reasons for this would require more space than is available.

But one thing is noteworthy, the early leaders of the Labour movement identified themselves much more closely with the Irish struggles than has ever been done since. The failure of the Labour move-ment to save Terence MacSwiney was a severe blow to Irish confidence in working class politics, and af te r tha t many of them took their "bread and butter" politics from Labour, but left it a t tha t .

CONNOLLY ASSOCIATION PROGRESS (")NE new Connolly

is now meeting Association Branch regularly in North

London, and is discussing plans for a meeting to commemorate Llam Mellowes, to be held in December.

West London, somewhat depleted by the transfer of several of its best "Demo-c r a t ^ sellers to North London, is reorga-nising its forces and continues its pro-gramme of Thursday night lectures at the "King and Queen," Paddington Green, W.2.

*Um NOELS

NEXT MONTH

The series of Engels's

History of Ireland wil l resume.

We regret that pressure of Election events oqmpelled us to restrict our contents fey omitting it this month.

On November 2nd, Andrew Boyd talks on the Six Counties. Following week Fred O'Shea reports on his recent visit to Waterford and Kilkenny; then follows a lecture on International events, followed on November 22nd by Just in Keating, who talks on "Theories about the Gaeltacht." Finally on 29th, Mrs. Nadoo, famous South African Indian leader speaks on racial and national problems in Africa.

PROVINCES Meanwhile in the provinces, Manchester

continues to hold its monthly meeting and monthly dance; a large meeting in the Bull Ring, Birmingham was addressed by John Griffin and Desmond Greaves when there was enthusiastic support and several new members, 235 copies of the 'Democrat' being sold at the week-end. Liverpool is not a great place for meetings, but acti-vity, led by able Pat MacLoughlin is steady and increasing.

Those who want to "fight the Connolly Clubs" will find they have something to contend with.

IRISH VOTED LABOUR

T \ E S P I T E the fact that at the time of writing a Conservative Government

seems probable, there is every indication tha t all a t tempts to dislodge the Ir ish f rom their old loyalty to the working class candidates failed miserably.

At the same time, the drop in Labour support in the big industrial constituencies must give great alarm.

Why is Labour slipping back? It, is the old, old story. Whenever a party of the Left retreats from its own programme and begins to adopt those of its more Right-wing opponents, it paves the way for the return of those opponents.

Why is this? It is that Labour has (apart from the dissident Bevanite group) wholeheartedly adopted the Conservative standpoint in favour of rearmament, and yet is afraid of criticism on the things tha t go with it. People are not influenced by bread-and-butter so exclusively as is of ten thought. The waverers concluded tha t rearmament was needful, since La-bour admitted, but preferred if they must rearm to do it under the war party.

But this is not 1931. Even if the Con-servatives have a majority, it will prove an insecure one. Labour is still the strong-est force. What is needed now is to aban-don the losing policy at retreat and com-promise, and sound the winning slogan of progress.

COST OF LIVING IS SOARING IN OCCUPIED SIX COUNTIES

OMR B E L F A S T C O R R E S P O N D E N T

IT costs an average working class family 10/- to a £1 a week more than in Bri-

tain to live in the Tory-dominated Six Counties, the Union of Shipbuilding and Engineering Draughtsmen, estimate.

This statement which contradicts Union-ist claims Of parity was made by one of the Union's delegates to a cost of living conference which was held in the middle of October at Belfast by the Belfast Trades Council and the Northern Ireland Consumers' Defence Council.

The delegate said that his union had reached the conclusion after conducting

booted out amid c

lunk of hocus-pqcujs, ^tion, has been

cat-calls dnd boos. The Resolution called on the House to consider the ques-tion of Irish partition. It was backed by the American League for an undivided Ireland.

The sickening farce was played to the. full for laughs. But the Joke was on th£ millions of Irish in the W t e d States who

'5BmatfiRfere tunlsts who are about as representative of the Irish in Anwrica as Basil Brooke is of our people at home.

i . Wh# must h a t e been sadly tfttsfcltteeettt comedy wax

PQtomac. a roll-

Stlon 1 p a f W I ® <* WWt Vijr-Qdite a few Cougrees-

termed It " a silly measure " > ADO. eacapt tor t i n bMtghi. it ended there. « • •

J. Troy Is a Republl-eo in Mew TocrtOity

' KUKtaMt m IMS at M e n d thcnid Dot

preserve could

pifblltfse Matthew J. ' some 'favourable propaganda " for Grand 6ld Party among the Irish.

Troy organised the American - Irish Minute men of 1049 at the time of Basil Brook's visit here thus giving Brook pub-lipity he could not have bought with one njjilion dollars. Sincere Irish people coor cemed with the partition of thfiir.native laiid and wanting no part of Brook or his works and pomps listened to Troy and Joined the picket*. They did the picketing a n d Troy did the talking and posed for the pictures.

He has continued the pickets but for-gotten about I r i s h partition. Job of the

FRANCIS O'NEfl Ow New Xwfc Cerreeptwtoat

pickets now is t o a t t ack the administra-tion. cheer for Maqwrthwr and issue lea*-lets filled with stuff of this sort:

"Both American time, and American iwa lye rumUng ou l fas t . Better stopttws

af i t h e ' rest o f t f t t o unholy i t l a too late. We can use

your help in keeping this fight going un-til we are rid o< them."

THE Connolly Association, being launched in New York on November

3rd, already has in operation a legal pro-gramme which will take care of constitu-tional and other problems of recently ar-rived immigrants. The legal programme also covers such other important tenant problems as rentals, apartment renova-tions and the many other issues in the housing field.

This service by the Connolly Association is of course on a free basis. A firm of law-yers take care of the legal aspect of the problems.

The Association has planned for short-term High School Diploma courses. Spe-cial courses too will cover constitutional rights and preparation for citizenship. Al-ready in operation is a study group on Connolly's works and their relation to Irish history and the part played by the Irish ih the development of labour in the United Statep of America.

The organising committee of the James Connolly Association distributed 10,000 leaflets on the Irish partition question be-fore the start of the Meath-New York National League game at the Polo Grounds here qn, September 31st.

t h i s was the second large-scale distribu-tion of leaflets by the organisation with-in recent months. A leaflet protesting the Public Order Bill in Northern Ireland ap-peared toward the end of August.

an investigation in 200 cities in Britain and comparing them with families in Northern Ireland.

Deciding to expose the higher cost of commodities and sendees in the Coun-ties the Conference called on the Northern Ireland Government to introduce a new cost of living index distinct from the Bri-tish one.

It was decided that future action should include deputations to meet Six Gbunty Government Ministers to point out the difference between commodity prices in Northern Ireland and in Bri tain a n d to ask for legislation to bring about reduc-tions in the Six, Counties.

The Conference," at which 14$ delegates from 89 Trade Unions and other organisa-tions (Including the Irish Labour Party and Northern Ireland Parent's Associa-tion) were represented, adopted the fol-lowing eleven point programme of action: (1) Reduction of the cost of distribution. (2) Reduction in profit margins and the

increased taxation of profits (this to include Increased taxation on divi-dends, bonus issue shares and free bonds' sales of shares by old com-panies and the creation of new shares).

(3) Legislation to break the power of monopolies and "rings."

(4) Cutting down of allowances for adver-tising purposes.

(5) More utility goods and range of quality to be extended, especially in Northern Ireland.

(6) Restrict stockpiling. (7) A halt to huge world reannapaent and

utilisation of the wealth of the nations to increase the standards of living.

(B) Develop trade with all countries. (9) Expose higher co6t of commodities

and services in NortShern Ireland and press for a separate cost of living in-dex.

(M» Stricter price control on ajl commodi-ties.

(11) Demand increased wages and food tubaidleg.

November, 1951 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT

Workers' Republic New Collection of James Connolly's

Writings ° r H E great tragedy of the Irish Labour movement, for the last thirty years,

8 is the fact that its leaders have continually tailed behind the capitalist politicians. Where this has led is plain for anyone to see to-day, with the workers divided into two camps, whilst the self-styled Labour ieaders find common cause with ex-Blue Shirts. Some time ago, when William O'Brien

resigned from his position as secretary of the I.T.G.W.U., in an interview with the 'Irish Press," when asked what in his opinion was the weakness of the Irish Labour movement, said that "he felt it was the absence of any philosophy or theory."

If the Irish Labour movement is without a theory, it is not because no theory exists. The Irish student of Marx, James Con-nolly, laid the basis of scientific Socialism in Ireland 40 years ago, and this is better known to William O'Brien than any other man alive in Ireland to-day.

CONNOLLY'S WRITINGS The third volume of Connolly's essays,

edited by Desmond Ryan and published by the Sign of the Three Candles, Fleet Street, Dublin, price 7/6, under the title of "The Workers' Republic," contains some of the richest of Connolly's writings on the tasks of the Irish Labour movement, to-gether with the well-known classic, "Lab-our, Nationality and Religion." Desmond Ryan has rendered a great service by mak-ing available those important essays of Connolly's so long hidden away in the files of working-class newspapers no longer in existence. One still feels tha t they will only be completed when the whole of Connolly's writings are published in chronological form, to show the develop-ment of Connolly's thoughts from the earliest days.

The introduction by Mr. William McMullen, secretary of the I.T.G.W.U., is interesting only in so far as McMullen's personal recollections of Connolly go. He fails hopelessly in his attempt to analyse the controversy between Connolly and William Walker of the I.L.P. above all as it was dealing with the attitude of the Labour movement to the "National Ques-tion," which is still a burning question for the Irish Labour movement. Walker's socialism was a botch-potch of Fabian and I.L.P., therefore completely incapable oi understanding the importance of the national question as a stage in historical development.

MARXIST On the other hand Connolly, as a

Marxist, understood the Importance of the national Question, and the need for the working class to take the lead In the fight tor national Independence, and thus to scotch the policy of national capitulation of the capitalist parties.

William McMullen is right in criticising

THE LAND FOR THE PEOPLE

" T i H E land for the people" is a slogan which still arouses deep emotions in

the hearts of Irish people, for our coun-try's history for centuries has been the story of a people dispossessed of their soil and striving to win it back from alien landlords. That is why the new Hun-garian film "Liberated Soil," k recently shown at the Academy Cinema, London, would appeal strongly to an Irish audi-ence. For it tells the story of how a poor farm-labourers, imprisoned by the Fascist Horthy Government for h is anti-landlord agitation, was released when Hungary was liberated in 1944, and be-came the leader of the poor villagers in their efforts to build a new life.

Written in a spirit of revolutionary humanism, directed with passionate con-viction in the ultimate victory of the com-mon people, and acted with intelligence and dignity, this film is a remarkable evi-dence of how a poor and previously op-pressed small nation may throw off its bonds and build itself a new and happier life under Socialism.

Send the * Irish Democrat' home

when you have read it.

I the Northern Labour Party for accepting the present constitutional position, but what can one expect when the Labour leaders have got no policy of their own on Partition but are willing to align them-selves with those who brought about the great betrayal of 1921. In an article in the present volume under the heading, "Labour and Politics in Ireland," James Connolly has something to say on this same subject.

"Though they were perhaps not able to f rame it in so many words, the Ir ish workers realised tha t a working man member of a capitalist party is not necessarily any better than a capitalist member of the same party, perhaps not so good; but tha t a working man who wishes to safeguard the interests of his class must withdraw from all capitalist affiliation."

In those articles Connolly stresses the need for the workers to have their own political party free of all capitalist influ-ence and ideology. As to what was the role of such a party, Connolly takes his guidance from the Communist Manifesto.

"Perhaps some day there will rise in America a Socialist writer who In his writing will line up to the spirit of the Communist Manifesto that the Socialists are not apart from the Labour movement, are not a sect, but are simply that part of the working class which pushes on all others, which most clearly understands the line of march."

RELIGIOUS PROBLEMS Connolly, whilst extremely tactful when

dealing with the religious question, would never hesitate to strike out if any clergy-man attacked the working class move-ment. During the great Dublin lock-out, a certain priest made an attack upon the whole scheme of the British Committee for the relief of the children of" those locked out, Connolly replied:

"One scoundrel in clerical garb is said to have stated on Wednesday tha t the children were being 'brought to England by trickery, f raud and conscription for proselytising purposes." Nothing more venomous and unfounded was ever spewed out of a lying mouth in Ireland, since the sromiii clergy at the bidding of an English politician' hounded Parnell to his grave."

Connolly's "Labour, Nationality and Re-ligion" also included in this volume is a scholarly reply to the Jesuit, Fa ther Kane, and should be studied by every Irish Socialist and Republican.

POVERTY IN THE GAELTACHT

Why Irish Language is Declining A L A R M E D by recent census revelations that the number of Gaelic

^ speakers in Eire declined by 12 per cent, between 1936-46, Mr. de Valera and the Fianna Fail Party have come to what is, for them at any rate, the remarkable conclusion that the prime cause of the decline of the Gaeltacht is emigration; and that emigration in its turn is mainly caused by bad social and economic conditions.

P. CLANCY

Socialists have been preaching for years the doctrine that the way to save the Irish language is not to compel reluctant Civil Servants to learn it as the price of holding their jobs or stuffing it down the unwilling throats of schoolchildren who normally speak English at home but the strengthen-ing of the whole economy of the Gaeltacht so that our native Irish-speakers will be glad to remain and bring up their families there. Bitter experience has at last taught the pundits of Burgh Quay the obvious lesson that it is of little use talking of the Gaelic revival to people whose first thoughts are, quite correctly, of land, bread and work.

FRUGAL COMFORT Nowhere in Ireland, with the possible

exceptions of the slums of Dublin and Bel-fast, are living conditions harder and emigration worse than in the Irish-speaking districts of Donegal, Mayo, Sligo, Galway, Clare and Kerry. Mr. de Valera, with his self-satisfied orations about "frugal comfort" at home and how badly the Irish emigrants are overcrowded in Birmingham (as indeed they are) should visit the poorer cottages of Connemara and see how six, eight or even ten people are trying to live in three small rooms. Mr. Lemass, with his vague promises of industrialisation and better transport facilities for the West, should ask himself who closed the Clifden-Qalway Railway and why there are no turf-burning elec-tricity generating plants in Connemara, Donegal or Kerry.

It is not sufficient for our complacent politicians to argue tha t conditions are not so appalling now as they were when the Congested Districts Board was set up, or claim tha t s tandards of living have risen since pre-war (both of which are undoubtedly true). What is needed is i vigorous and effective plan to raise t Gaeltacht economy above its present sub-sistence level.

EMIGRATION The most cursory survey shows how

widespread is the poverty in the West, and how closely related are the problems of emigration and the decline of the Gaelic-speaking areas. The natural en-vironment is hard and inhospitable, moun-tain and bog predominate, the tiny fields are studded with rocks, and the weather is generally wet and stormy, though this is compensated for somewhat by the mild winters. Where soil is at all productive

THE SHAN VAN THE French are on the sea,

^ says the shan van vooht; The Frenoh are on the sea, Says the shan van vocht; OI the French are in the bay, They'll be here without delay And the Orange will decay, Says the shan van vocht.

Chorus:— THE French are in the bay,

^ They'll be here by break of day, And the Orange will decay, Says the shan van vocht.

A N D their camp It shall be whera? Says the shan van vooht;

Their oamp ft shall be where? On the Curragh of Klldare, The Mys they will be there. With their pikes In good repair, Says the shan van vocht

<T»0 the Curragh of Klldere 1 The boys wilt they repair

And Lord Edward will be there, Says the shan van veoht

npMEN what will the yeoman do? 1 Says -the M s van veehts What will Hie yaamen d®f Says the shan wan veehti What should the yeomen do But throw off the red and blue.

And swear that they'll be true To the shan van vocht.

. W H A T should the yeomen do, But throw off the red and blue,

And swear that they'll be true To the shan van vocht.

A ND what colour will they wear? Says the «han van vooht;

What oolour will they wear? Says the shan van voeht; What oolour should be seen Where our fathers' homes have been, But our own Immortal Green? Says the shan van veeht

W H A T colour should be seen " Where Mr father* hoima have been

But our own Immortal Green? Says the shan van vooht.

A NO Witt Ireland then bo free? i X Sayi the shan van voeht; Will Ireland tlnn be free? Says the shan van vocht; Yesl Inland SHALL he free From the centra to the seat Then hurra I for Llhertyt Says the shan van veehL

Y"J. Ireland SHALL bo frea, From the eentrs to the «

Thon hurra! far Uhortyl Says the than van vocht

the population is crowded together so densely that the land alone cannot support them.

In Donegal, for example, there are poor districts where the density of population is over 400 per square mile or eight times the density of the far more fertile county of Meath. Farms are often so small as to resemble the notorious "dwarf" farms of the pre-war Balkans. Fifteen or twenty acres is not uncommon, and fifty acres is considered a big farm.

Fishermen still depend upon curraghs or small inshore motor-boats, while the modern deep-sea trawlers come in from Scotland and sweep the seas clean. When fish are caught the methods of marketing and selling give most of the profits to the middle-men. Tools in common use such as the scythe for mowing and the slean for turf-cutting have not changed for cen-turies. Transport is still more a matter of the donkey, pony and bicycle than the lorry or motor-bus. Many districts are quite untouched by public transport sys-tems so that housewives find great diffi-culty in shopping and farmers in market-ing their produce.

LACK OF INDUSTRY Industry barely touches the western

coastlands at all. Galway, Tralee, West-port, Letterkenny, Castlebar, Ballina, Fox-ford, Buncrana, Killarney and Ennis have a few small factories, but not nearly enough to absorb the surplus labour from the small fartns. «* f . . . / '

Wages paid are almost invariably too low for married men to bring up their families in decency. 'In a n / event, all of* these towns are outside the true Gaeltacht.

Work is scarce, apart from the farms, everywhere in the West, and unskilled men consider themselves lucky to earn over £4 per week. There are few oppor-tunities to acquire a trade or technical skill, with the result that emigrants from-these parts of Ireland I r e lumped together as unskilled though at home they may he able to manage a farm, build a curragh, go sea-fishing or buM their own cottage.' Girls particularly find acute difficulty in getting any w o r £ ' « « # l 3 t o r a j m t t e ' t a r * ' Vide' or poorly-paid routine factory work in nearby small towns. • : / " • - • ' x ^

BAD HOUSING Housing is still very bad,

t h a n pi^War, a n d facilities (qjp' and leisure are almost conf ined' tp" the pub and the vices, apart from national schools 'and Old age pensions, barely touch the West.

is it any wander under that the people enflgfetet the young men and women «f the Wast for wanting something bettor than their father* nnjl should the EfrV cate surprise that the Ifli are losing population, when those are the poorest In the ooUntry?

Next mahth wo must 1 be done to retrlve the and aoonomleally as i

FLANN

FOMRWMtNG FEATURES

C O R K b y M i c h a e l O ' R i o r d o n

WOMAN IN IitEtAND by Msufin M o o n e y

GAELTACW :V -l by J o h n R e a d y

•>:.'"». Srww

THE IRISH DEMOCRAT November, 1951

GALWAY FACTORY CLOSES

—J rom I'aje One throughout countries who "collaborated" with him.

Preparing the public mind lor fresh be-trayals of the national interest, suave skil-ful Sean Lemass, Minister for Industry and Commerce, announced a trade deficit ot £78,000.000. and suggested that only -solution was "loans from abroad" -loans which he admitted would carry "strings," for the security of which, in other words, the independence of Ireland is to be pledged in the Anglo-American pawnshop.

BOXING T^ON COCKELL, the Battersea and

cruiser-weight champion retained his title at Harringay last month when he easily defeated Albert Finch. There was never any doubt about the result. Cockell hit as he liked but could not land a knock-out punch, but, nevertheless, he was an easy winner on points.

Eddie Thomas lost his welterweight title on the same night to the young Wally Thorn, the Birkenhead welter. There was

by P. J. SCOTT a pleasing scrap and I thought Thomas had done enough to retain his title.

ROBBED if ever a boxer was robbed it was

Johnny Williams, the Rugby heavyweight, who beat, in my estimation, quite easily, the German heavyweight Heinz Newhans. In this' bout the majority ruled and the referee announced the fight a draw.

Vic Toweel, the South African World bantam-weight title holder, will now meet the French flyweight champion at Port Elizabeth on November 2nd or 3rd.

RaCndy Turpin the ex-World's middle-weight champion, who lost his title to Sugar Ray Robinson, is now touring music halls.

BRING YOUR ENGLISH FRIENDS TO THIS, ESPECIALLY TRADE UNIONISTS

i -m-m-m

PUBLIC LECTURE i i1

i •

by

WILLIAM GALLAGHER "THE IRISH QUESTION EXPLAINED

FOR ENGLISH WORKERS" HOLBORN H A L L : WEDNESDAY, NOV. 21st, 7.30 p.m. Tickets 1/- each !

I i

5 I

I <

RACING % McQinfy T H R E E CHEERS, my tip for the * Cesarewitch, justified my faith

and vtfent into the lead in the last five furlongs to win by a length at t!ie nice price of 17 to 2. Our other winners for the month were Fiery Torch 6 to 1, Royal Entrance 5 to 1, Sybil's Nephew 9 to 2, Ulster Prince 5 to 1.

Incidentally, when I advised you to back Three Cheers he was quoted at 33 to 1. To my most ardent followers, this was our best month; it can also be recorded that from the first issue of our racing column we never had a losing week; our tips are certainly making racing pay. I do hope those of you who are backing my tips will not forget the "Irish Democrat" Fighting Fund and send a small donation.

PAST £100 MARK This month we will no doubt pass the

£100 profit mark and we hope to carry it through the National Hunt season. I have been asked to give advice re making racing pay. Well, if you want to make racing pay, don't back every day, don't try and go through the card, and what

and N E WS THE Liverpool Area of the Anti-Partition

of Ireland League which has broken with the Central Executive Council in London, is understood to be seeking affilia tlon with the Irish Anti-Partition of Ire land League in the Six Counties.

Reason is stated to be dissatisfaction at the rejection of the Liverpool Area motion calling for opposition to the Labour Party in the General Election. This motion was ruled out of order.

Mr. H. McHugh, Secretary of the now defunct area was nominated to oppose John Kinky, Labour M.P. for Bootle.

In spite of the secession, the anti-Parti-tion of Ireland League still has two meet-ings, namely those of the Bootfe Branch on Thursdays a t 29a Stanley Road, and those of the Liverpool City Branch at Transport House, Islington on Tuesdays at 8.30 p.m.

Other Irish activities in the City in-clude Ceilidh and old-time dancing at the Shamrock Club,. Lime Street on Wednes-days, Saturdays and Sundays, and the in-teresting work of the Cumann DraA-haiocht na Scol na Tri Blaitheanna, who recently produced Brian Barrett 's "The Renegade" at the Bootle Town Hall.

* * * A new Irish Colony—and a Connolly

Association one at that—is coming Into existence in Paris. Mrs. Muriel Mac-Swiney, widow of Terence MacSwiney, has now gone to live in Paris. Roy Johnston, son of Professor Joseph Johnston of Tri-nity College Dublin <whose new book will be reviewed next month) is now at the University there, carrying out research into the abstruse subject of Cosmic Rays. He assured the "Irish Democrat" that theT-e is no danger of his blowing himself up as the rays are quite harmless.

* * * New arrivals from Dublin and Belfast

who have plunged ilfto Connolly Associa-tion Activity are Justin Keating, who acted as co-MC. at the Ogtaber/postelection) Social, and six-foot-sfx Walter O'Neill, who has Joined the "Democrat1; as assistant Circulation Manager. I t was a great thrill to we Walter again. A foundation mem-ber of the Connolly Association, and a map with a head (or ideas' and ability to express -them/ he -has been doing sterling work in Belfast for several years.

* . . * *

It is to be^hoped that the loss of his de-posit wig l » fc Miliary lesson,to JUr. -Mc-Hugh, who splH the Anti-partittdn League

so as to be able to get support in Liver-pool for his candidature in Bootle. Labour retained the seat with a majority of 3,799. Twenty-six thousand five hundred and McHugh got 1,340.

Mr. McHugh has proved how little he understands the working class. But, of course, he does not live in Bootle but in the somewhat refined gentility of Rock Perry, Cheshire.

Yet at the same time, the 1,340 votes received by Mr. McHugh are a powerful testimony to the strength of Irish feeling in Liverpool. The tragedy is that Labour, by abandoning its traditional anti -Imperialist policy, should allow these votes to be split and separated from the many more Irish votes which went to Labour.

* • * The absurd policy of the Nationalists

in Co. Down in putting forward the rene-gade unionist Annesley as their candidate, out of the slavish snobbishness that likes to see a big landlord or farmer on the platform, enabled his Tory-Unionist oppo-nent to pose as the defender of social services, and the welfare state which the northern Unionists are pledged to destroy. When will they learn sense!

* * * Latest figures show that the circulation

of the "Irish Democrat" has increased by over 2,000 in 1951. The increase of price has had no deterrent effect.

better advice can I give you than to follow McGinty, whose horses to follow will show a profit. Once again I must point out that all letters for latest information must have a stamped addressed envelope enclosed.

Here are your horses to follow November:—

for

Backtor Keepatwoatoo Ulster Princess Saved Lively Bloom Primavera Royal Entrance

Fiery Torch Abadan Par Avion Sybil's Nephew Birkango Baltique Crown Flatts

McGINTY'S BALANCE SHEET

Brought forward Fiery Torch (win 5-1) Royal Entrance (win 5-1) Sybil's Nephew (win 9-2) Ulster Prince (win 5-2)

Plus Three Cheers

£ s. d. 72 2 9 6 5 6 5 5 12 3 2

Less loser's stakes

£93 17 9 . 10 12 6

£104 10 3 6 15 0

£97 15 3

FOOTBALL POOLS FORECASTS by SOCCERITE | N our last month's pool forecasts we were successful in giving

six draws out of eight, and all other forecasts were above the average. You should not forget the "Irish Democrat" Fighting Fund, when you receive your pool's cheque.

Forecasts for November 3rd HOWE WINNERSt Bolton, Manchester

United, Newcastle, Preston, Stoke, Spurs, Birmingham, Brentford, Doncaster, Ever-ton, Rotherham, Bristol Rovers, Crystal Palace, Exeter, Leyton, Norwich, Plymouth, Shrewsbury, Walsall, Carlisle, Chesterfield, Grimsby, Halifax, Mansfield, Rochdale, Stockport.

DRAWS: Burnley, Fulham, Middlesbro'. Cardiff, Leeds, Nottm. Forest, Colchester, Watford, Accrington, Workington, Barrow.

A WAYS: Worked out to cover eight lines at 6d., total-stake 4/-:— Charlton v Derby County 2 2 2 2 2 Leicester C. v Sheffield U. 2 2 2 2 2 2 Bradford v Southport . 2 2 2 2 2 Wrexham v Gateshead .. 2 2 2 2 2 West Brom. v Blackpool 2 2 2 2 2 2 Swindon v Bristol City .. 2 2 2 2 2

Forecasts for November 10th HOME WINNERS': Arsenal, Aston Villa,

Derby, Manchester C., Wolves, Barnsley, Blackburn, Coventry, Hull, Notts. County, Queen's Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Bournemouth, Bristol City, Brighton, Gil-lingham, Ipswich, Newport, Northampton, Port Vale, Southend, Torquay, Bradford C„ Chester, Crewe. Darlington, Gateshead, Hartlepools, Lincoln, Southport, York.

Nine Best Home: Arsenal. Wolves, Shef-

CHALLENGE —Continued from Page Three

21. The present disunity ol the Irish people at home and in Britain is a challenge to all men of good will to co-operate to bring It to an end.,. The only principle on which unity can ever be established Is that all those who stand for the freeing of Ireland, the prosperity of her people, and the de-fence of the interests of her exiles In Britain, should come together Irres-pective of political views. That means that nationalists, republicans, socialists, communists and men of no affiliation, all have a part to play, and provided they, work cm behalf of Ire-land they must not be penalised for their views on other matters Simi-larly, men of all religious views must be admitted on an equal footing. The

Ireland of the future muat be the Ireland of all Irishmen, not just of the select few.

22. The Connolly Association has a right prgpdly to invite Irish Socialists, Communists, and Republicans to unite under Its banner of a free, united, democratic Ireland, leading according to thewi*h«« of.the people to a Workers',Republic, arid similarly invites all other Irish organisations to co-operate with it to'the extent to which they agree with Its aims.

23. Finally, It believes that the differences between Britain and Ireland, which are net of the making of the common people, can be resolved providing tbere Is reoognltlon of the righto of eaeh, and that when .Ireland ia Anally free, there will open up d new period of co-operation oil the Ha** of o*Ml rights between the two

field U., Gateshead, Lincoln. Coventry, Ipswich, Hartlepools, Blackburn.

Forecast for November 17th HOME WINNERS: Burnley, Charlton,

Fulham, Manchester U„ Middlesbrough, Newcastle, Stoke, Spurs, W. Brom., Birm-ingham, Doncaster, Nottm. Forest, Rother-ham, Sheffield W„ Southampton, Bristol Rovers, Colchester, Leyton, Norwich, Ply-mouth, Shrewsbury, Swindon, Watford, Chesterfield, Grimsby, Halifax, Mansfield' Rochdale, Stockport.

A WAYS: Sheffield Utd., Hull, Swansea, Southend, York, Oldham.

DRAWS; Bolton, Preston, Cardiff City, Everton, Leeds. Aldershot, Crystal Palace, Walsall, Bradford, Carlisle. Bolton v Blackpool . . . X X X Aldershot v Torquay . . . X X X Walsall v Bristol City .. X X X Carlisle v Lincoln City X X X

Forecasts for November 24th HOME WINNERS: Arsenal, Aston Villa,

Blackpool. Chelsea, Derby, Sunderland, Barnsley, Blackburn, Bury, Coventry, Hull, Sheffield United, Swansea.

DRAWS: Aston V., Huddersfield. Man-chester City, Luton, Notts.

AWAYS: Liverpool v Manchester U 2, Portsmouth v Spurs 2. Q.P.R. v Birming-ham 2, West Ham v Everton 2.

I advise the above four bankers in the away permutation.

Forecasts for Dec. 1st HOME WINNERS: Bolton, Burnley,

Manchester U., Middlesbro'. Newcastle, Spurs, Birmingham, Brentford, Doncaster, Everton, Leeds, Leicester, Nottm. Forest. Rotherham, Sheffield Wed., Southampton, Aldershot, Bristol Rov., Colchester, Ley ton. Norwich, s Plymouth, Swindon, Watford, Accrington, Carlisle, Chesterfield, Grimsby, Rochdale, Stockport.

AWAYS: Gateshead, Lincoln C„ Wolves, Arsenal, Luton, Millwall, Northampton.

DRAWS. Wrexham v Bradford, Halifax v Darlington, Preston v Portsmouth. West Brom. v Aston V., Crystal Palace v South-end, Shrewsbury v Port Vale, Barrow v Chester.

Printed by Ripley Printing Sootety Ltd. (T.U.), Ripley, Derbys., and published by the Editor at 13 t*Wbs Conduit Passage. London, W.C.l.

)