ACTİON

he process of doing something, especially when dealing with a problem or difficulty

This problem calls for swift/prompt action from the government

ALGEBRA

a part of mathematics in which signs and letters represent numbers

ARMY

a particular country's fighting force When did you join the army

ATOM

the smallest unit of any chemical element, consisting of a positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons. Atoms can combine to form a molecule

A molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

AUDİENCE

the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking, etc.

She lectures to audiences all over the world.

BALANCE

a state where things are of equal weight or force; equilibrium

The toddler wobbled and lost his balance (= started to fall sideways

BATTLE

a fight between armed forces the Battle of the Somme

BLIND

unable to see She's been blind since birth

BREADTH

the air that goes into and out of your lungs

Her breath smelled of garlic.

CAPTAIN

the person in charge of a ship or an aircraft, or the leader of a sports team

This is your captain speaking. We expect to be landing at London Heathrow in an hour's time.

CHİEF

most important or main The chief problem we have in the area

now is the spread of disease

CHLOROPLAST

one of the parts in a plant cell that contain chlorophyll and where the energy from sunlight is turned into food by photosynthesis

CHROMOSOME

any of the rod-like structures found in all living cells, containing the chemical patterns which control what an animal or plant is like

X and Y chromosomes

CİRCLE

a continuous curved line, the points of which are always the same distance away from a fixed central point, or the area inside such a line

Coloured paper was cut into circles, squares and triangles.

CRACK

to break something so that it does not separate, but very thin lines appear on its surface, or to become broken in this way

A stone hit the window and cracked the glass

CURVE

a line which bends continuously and has no straight parts

a curve in the road

CYTOPLASM

one of the parts in a plant cell that contain chlorophyll and where the energy from sunlight is turned into food by photosynthesis

DİMENSİON

a measurement of something in a particular direction, especially its height, length or width

Please specify the dimensions (= the height, length and width) of the room.

DIRECTED

going in a straight line towards somewhere or someone without stopping or changing direction

a direct route/line

DİSTRİCT

an area of a country or town which has fixed borders that are used for official purposes, or which has a particular feature that makes it different from surrounding areas

South Cambridgeshire District Council

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid: the chemical at the centre of the cells of living things, which controls the structure and purpose of each cell and carries the genetic information during reproduction

DOZEN

twelve a dozen eggs

DUST

dry dirt in the form of powder that covers surfaces inside a building, or very small dry pieces of soil, sand or other substances

The furniture was covered in dust and cobwebs.

ENEMY

a person who hates or opposes another person and tries to harm them or stop them from doing something

He's made a few enemies in this company

ESSENTİAL

necessary; needed Government support will be essential if the project is to

succeed. There is essential work to be done before the building

can be re-occupied.

EXCELLENT

extremely good The food was excellent

FOGGY

with fog a cold, foggy day

FORCE

physical, especially violent, strength or power The force of the wind had brought down a great many trees in

the area

FRAME

a border which surrounds and supports a picture, door or window

a picture frame

GAS

a substance in a form like air that is neither solid nor liquid

Oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen are all gases

HEİGHT

the distance from the top to the bottom of something, or the quality of being tall

The sheer height of New York's skyscrapers is so impressive

HİSTORY

the study of or a record of) past events considered together, especially events of a particular period, country or subject

I studied modern European history at college.

HUMAN

a man, woman or child The greatest damage being done to our

planet today is that being done by humans.

İNDUSTRY

the companies and activities involved in the process of producing goods for sale, especially in a factory or special area

trade and industry

İNTERSECTİON

when two lines cross, or the point where this happens The intersection of the lines on the graph marks the point where we start to make a

INTRODUCE

to put something into use, operation or a place for the first time

The smaller 10 pence coin was introduced in 1992.

KNEE

the middle joint of the leg, which allows it to bend

The baby was crawling around on its hands and knees

LABEL

a piece of paper or other material which gives you information about the object it is fixed to

Remember to put some address labels on the suitcases

LAND

a country a land of ice and snow

LAW

rule, usually made by a government, that is used to order the way in which a society behaves, or the whole system of such rules

There are laws against drinking in the street

LEAD

to control a group of people, a country, or a situation

I think we've chosen the right person to lead the expedition

LENGHT

the measurement of something from end to end or along its longest side

The boat is ten metres in length

MASTER

a person who has control over or responsibility for someone or something, or who is the most important or influential (= having most influence) person in a situation or organization

a slave and his master

MATERİAL

physical substance which things can be made from

building materials, such as stone

MEASURE

to discover the exact size or amount of something, or to be of a particular size

"Will the table fit in here?" "I don't know - let's measure it

MEMBER

a person, animal or thing which is part of a group a family member

MİCROSCOPE

a device that uses lenses to make very small objects look larger, so that they can be scientifically examined and studied

They looked at the blood samples under the microscope

MİND

the part of a person that makes it possible for a person to think, feel emotions and understand things

Her mind was full of what had happened the night before, and she just wasn't concentrating.

MYSTERY

something strange or not known which has not yet been explained or understood

How the massive stones were brought here from hundreds of miles away is/remains a mystery.

NATİON

a country, especially when thought of as a large group of people living in one area with their own government, language, traditions, etc

All the nations of the world will be represented at the conference

NATİVE

relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place

She returned to live and work in her native Japan

NEİGHBOURHOOD

someone who lives very near to you Some of the neighbours have complained

about the noise from our party.

NERVE

group of long thin fibres (= structures like threads) that carry information or instructions between the brain and other parts of the

NUCLEUS

the part of a cell that controls its growth

DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell

PALE

describes someone's face or skin if it has less colour than usual, for example when they are ill or frightened, or if it has less colour than people generally have

You're looking pale - do you feel ill

PARENTHESIS

a remark which is added to a sentence, often to provide an explanation or extra information, and which is separated from the main part of the sentence by commas, brackets or dashes

PHYSICAL

connected with the body physical

exercise/fitness/strength/disabilities

POİNT

an idea, opinion or piece of information that is said or written

I'd like to discuss the first point in your essay.

POPULATİON

all the people living in a particular country, area or place

Ten per cent of the population lived in poverty.

PRESİDENT

the person who has the highest political position in a country which is a republic and who, in some of these countries, is the leader of the government

President Kennedy

PRODUCT

something that is made to be sold, usually something that is produced by an industrial process or, less commonly, something that is grown or obtained through farming

They do a range of skin-care products

PROPER

belonging to the main, most important or typical part

It's a suburb of Manchester really - I wouldn't call it Manchester proper.

QUANTITY

the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured or is fixed

Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession

RACE

competition in which all the competitors try to be the fastest and to finish first

Do you know who won/lost the race

REALİZE

to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly They didn't realize the danger they were in.

RECLANGLE

a flat shape with four 90° angles and four sides, with opposite sides of equal length

REFUSE

to say that you will not do or accept something He asked me to give him another loan, but I

refused

D:HAPPENING OR DOING SOMETHING OFTEN/

E:TOP FOOTBALLERS MAKE REGULAR APPEARANCES ON TV

REGULAR

SCALE

a set of numbers, amounts etc., used to measure or compare the level of something

the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale

SCREEN

a flat surface in a cinema, on a television or a computer system on which pictures or words are shown

Our television has a 19-inch screen.

SIGNAL

an action, movement or sound which gives information, a message, a warning or an order

When she gave (them) the signal, they all cheered

SİZE

one of the standard measures according to which goods are made or sold

a size 14 dress

SKETCH

simple, quickly-made drawing which does not have many details

My mother made a (pencil) sketch of my brother reading a book

SOCİETY

a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society

a classless/multicultural/capitalist/civilized society

SOLDIER

a person who is in an army and wears its uniform, especially someone who fights when there is a war

Soldiers were patrolling the streets

SOLID

hard or firm, keeping a clear shape solid ground

SOLUTION

the answer to a problem There's no easy solution to this

problem.

SOUL

the spiritual part of a person which some people believe continues to exist in some form after their body has died, or the part of a person which is not physical and experiences deep feelings and emotions

She suffered greatly while she was alive, so let us hope her soul is now at peace.

SPECİMEN

something shown or examined as an example; a typical example

He has a collection of rare insect specimens.

STAFF

the group of people who work for an organization

There is a good relationship between staff and pupils at the school

STAGE

the area in a theatre which is often raised above ground level and on which actors or entertainers perform

Hamlet is on stage for most of the act

STAIN

to leave a mark on something which is difficult to remove

Tomato sauce stains terribly - it's really difficult to get it out of clothes

STARCH

a white substance which exists in large amounts in potatoes and particular grains such as rice

Corn starch is used as a thickener in stews

STORE

large shop where you can buy many different types of goods

a department store

SWEEP

to clean especially a floor by using a brush to collect the dirt into one place from which it can be removed

sweep the floor

TAX

to make someone pay a tax Husbands and wives may be taxed

independently/together

TEMPERATURE

the measured amount of heat in a place or in the body

Preheat the oven to a temperature of 200 degrees Celsius.

TIME

that part of existence which is measured in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc., or this process considered as a whole

He wants to spend more time with his family.

TITLE

the name of a film, book, painting, piece of music, etc

The title of Evelyn Waugh's first novel was 'Decline and Fall'

TRANSPORT

when people or goods are moved from one place to another

the transport of live animals

TRİAL

the hearing of statements and showing of objects, etc. in a court of law to judge whether a person is guilty of a crime or to decide a case or a legal matter

trial proceedings

VEHICLE

a machine usually with wheels and an engine, which is used for transporting people or goods on land, especially on roads

A truck driver died last night when his vehicle overturned

VOLUME

the amount of space that is contained within an object or solid shape

Which of these bottles do you think has the greater volume

WATERPROOF

not allowing water to go through Canvas boots are all right but they're

not as waterproof as leather

WAVE

to raise your hand and move it from side to side as a way of greeting someone, telling them to do something or adding emphasis to an expression

I waved to/at him from the window but he didn't see me.

WEAPON

any object used in fighting or war, such as a gun, bomb, sword, etc

a lethal weapon

WEİGHT

the amount that something or someone weighs

What weight can this lorry safely carry?

WİDTH

the distance across something from one side to the other

It is 5 metres in width

WINE

an alcoholic drink which is usually made from grapes, but can also be made from other fruits or flowers. It is made by fermenting the fruit with water and sugar

a wine cellar/connoisseur/cooler/glass

YOUTH

the period of your life when you are young, or the state of being young

I was a fairly good football player in my youth.