› how do our daily activities affect the environment?
TRANSCRIPT
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6.1 A Changing Landscape
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The Effect of Human Activity
› How do our daily activities affect the environment?
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Living on Island Earth › Like all organisms, humans affect
the environment when we obtain food, eliminate waste products, and build places to live.
› Human activity has altered roughly half of all the land that’s not covered with ice and snow.
› Might be reaching carry capacity at 7 billion.
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Agriculture › Modern agricultural practices allowed
farmers to double world food production over the last 50 years.
› Monoculture, is the practice of clearing large areas of land to plant a single highly productive crop year after year.
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Industrial Growth › The conveniences of
modern life require a lot of energy to produce and power.
› Industries have traditionally discarded wastes from manufacturing and energy production directly into the air, water, and soil.
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How can we prevent the overuse of resources?
Sustainable Development
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Environmental science… can help us avoid mistakes made by past civilizations.
The lesson of Easter Island: people annihilated their culture by destroying their environment.
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Sustainable Resource Use › Using natural
resources in a way that does not cause long-term environmental harm is called sustainable development.
› Cause no harm and use least amount of energy as possible
Wind farms, solar energy, hybrid cars, etc.
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Natural resources: vital to human survival
Renewable resources:› Perpetually available: sunlight, wind, wave energy› Renew themselves over short periods: timber, water, soil
These can be destroyed Nonrenewable resources: can be depleted
› Oil, coal, minerals
Natural resources = substances and energy sources needed for survival
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6.2 Using Resources Wisely
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Soil Erosion › Soil
erosion is the removal of soil by water or wind.
› Ex: dust bowl of the 1930s
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How can farmers prevent soil erosion?
Crop Rotation Leaving stems/roots of previous plant Alter shape of land
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Soil Erosion
› Farming, overgrazing, seasonal drought, and climate change can turn farmland into desert -desertification.
› Roughly 40 percent of Earth’s land is considered at risk for desertification.
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Soil Erosion › Deforestation, or the
loss of forests. Half of the world’s old-growth forests have been lost to deforestation.
› Healthy forests hold soil in place,, absorb carbon dioxide, and help moderate local climate.
› Succession may occur after cutting
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Water Pollution › A pollutant is a harmful
material that can enter the biosphere.
› Only 3 percent of Earth’s water is fresh water—most of that is locked in ice at the poles.
› Used for drinking water, industry, transportation, energy, and waste disposal
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Biological magnification Increase in concentration of a certain substance throughout a food chain. Ex: Mercury
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What are some forms of air pollution?
Smog Acid Rain Greenhouse gases Particulates
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Smog › Smog is a gray-brown haze formed by
chemical reactions among pollutants released into the air by industrial processes and automobile exhaust.
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Acid Rain
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Greenhouse Gases
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Particulates