5ic7s8 5ic7s8 1:18 to 2:15
TRANSCRIPT
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkB2-5ic7S8
1:18 to 2:15
Introduction
Jimmy Carter- ◦ January 20, 1977 - January 20, 1981 ◦ Americans frustrated with him due to his inability to
solve the nations domestic crisis◦ Served only one term
George H. W. Bush ◦ January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993 ◦ Exxon Oil Spill
Sandra Day O’Connor◦ First women to become a supreme court justice.◦ Was voted in on September 25, 1981◦ Served for two decades
People
January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1989
Reagan had beat out Carter in the 1980 Election
Economic plan-Reaganomics
Reagan
What is Reaganomics? This economic theory was based upon
supply-side economics. This, like the "trickle- down" approach, lowers the taxes of the people believing it would spark economic growth. Supporters believed by the increase in savings consumers would investment more in businesses, therefore creating more jobs and increasing spending.
Reaganomics
Three Year Plan◦ This economic plan called for a 10% tax cuts but
was agreed on 5% for the first year and 10% the next twp
◦ Economic revival did not occurred after a year with 1982 unemployment reaching 9%, bankruptcies and interest rates rising
◦ 1983 and 1984 GNP rose and unemployment and interest rates went down.
Reaganomics
Was not a success◦ Did stimulate the economy but national debt
increased drastically◦ The gap between the rich and the poor increased◦ Federal spending for military rose to 195 billion
Reagan's Second Term◦ Two problems
Trade deficit- more imports by 41% and exports decreasing
Budget deficits◦ Iran Contra Affair
Reaganomics
Biggest White House scandal since Watergate.
U.S. was bargaining with Iran to release U.S. hostages in the Middle East.
Bargain included 500 anti-tank missiles to Iran.
Money from the bargain went towards weapons and supplies for the Contras.
This deal was unapproved by Congress.
Iran-Contra Affair
Info would leak about the deal in 1986. In 1987, the House and the Senate would
investigate the affair. Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North said that he and
secretary Fawn Hall destroyed the documents. Senator Daniel Inouye countered North’s claim
by saying he was just following orders. In 1988, criminal charges would be filed against
North and Admiral John Poindexter (Reagan’s National Security Advisor).
Major black mark on Reagan’s legacy.
The Trials of the Affair
Before Reagan took office, the relations between the Soviet Union and United States had slowed down because of the Soviet Union’s 1979 invasion of Afghanistan
Reagan had previously warned the Soviets to not invade Poland and called for new trade restrictions against the Soviets.
Tensions flared again in 1983. On September 1, the Soviet Union shot down a Korean Commercial airliner over Soviet airspace. All 269 passengers, including many Americans were killed.
The Soviets tried to claim that the Korean Commercial was a spy plane.
The United States placed nuclear missiles in Great Britain and Germany later that year, causing the Soviets to walk out of arms-control talks.
Reagan and The Soviet Union
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev, last leader of the Soviet Union, rose to power while the nation was facing severe stagnation and economic decline.
Gorbachev introduced a policy of reform:◦ Freedom of speech (Soviets used to unleash their
pent up emotions and political feelings)◦ Economic reform (did not have immediate
outcomes)
Collapse of Soviet Union and The End of The Cold War
On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the Soviet Union was broken up into fifteen separate countries.
The collapse of the Soviet Union ended the Cold War, which had been going on between the United States and Soviet Union since the end of World War II.
Collapse of Soviet Union and The End of The Cold War
In 1980, the United States led a 61-nation boycott of the Summer Olympics held in Moscow.
On February 14,1979, Muslim extremists kidnapped Adolph “Spike” Dubs, the ambassador to Afghanistan.
The boycott of the Summer games was because of the Soviets invasion of Afghanistan.
80 nations participated in the Summer games, the smallest number since 1956.
1980s Olympics and The Cold War
One of the most popular sitcoms of the 80’s.
Broke TV racial barriers. CLIP The Cosby Family was affluent and happy
which was different from what African-Americans used to be portrayed as.
The Cosby Show
Ran for 11 seasons starting in 1982. Took place in the fictional bar “Cheers”. It was about a group of locales who drink,
chat, and have fun in the bar.
The Oprah Winfrey Show first aired in 1986. Her daytime talk show was a big success. Her guests often talked about controversial
topics that touched a lot of viewers. Highest rated talk show in U.S. history. Show continued until the final episode in
2011.
Oprah
Began broadcasting in August 1981. Young people could watch rock music videos
around the clock. Made in response to the new trends in
Music. (Including Dance Styles) First Video to be broadcasted was
“Video Killed the Radio Star” by the Buggles.
The “King of Pop”. His trademark would be his flashy clothes
and dance moves. (The Moonwalk) His hit album “Thriller” sold 40 million
copies and is still one of the most successful albums.
“Michaelmania” -> People wanted to have a bunch of things with his face on them.
Michael Jackson
Both inspired by Hip-Hop Rap was a form of poetry set to a rhythm. Gave African-Americans a way of expressing
themselves and how they lived in the ghetto.
Famous rappers of the 80’s: Grandmaster Flash, Queen Latifah, Salt ‘n’ Pepa, Tone-Loc, LL Cool J, and Ice T.
Break Dancing and Rap
Known as the “Boss” with his back-up band called the “E Street Band”.
“Born in the U.S.A.” released in 1984. His lyrics express the hardships and the fun
of living in the U.S. Very influential and inducted into the Rock
‘n’ Roll Hall of Fame in 1999.
Bruce Springsteen
• Power Dressing–Wide shoulder or complete suit• Made popular by characters from TV dramas such as
Dynasty and Dallas.• Women wanted to show that they can be anyone
they chose to be.
Fashion
Fashion Women’s Fashion Men’s Fashion
Off-Shoulder Shirts Sweater on Waist Neon/Colorful
Colors Thick Belts Long T-Shirts Mini Skirts Leg Warmers
Rock Band Shirts Black & Neon Jean/Leather Jackets
With Chains Leather Pants Rolled Sleeves Sleeveless Shirts
Collectibles Smurf Cabbage Patch Dolls Video Games (Nintendo, Pac Man) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) Rubik’s Cube
Fads
Aerobics◦ People wanted to get in shape.◦ Made spandex, headbands, unitards, leg warmers,
and sweatpants popular.
Nike◦ Became public after attaining a 50% market share
in the U.S. athletic shoe market.◦ Expanded its product line throughout the world.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRsmVElC2ys
Fads
Personal computers became widely available and affordable, which led the rapid growth of Internet.
Internet was used as a link to share information and made many things popular through advertisements.
Internet
Inventions & Discoveries
Columbia Spacecraft◦ Launched on April 12, 1981 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center.◦ Became the nation’s first reusable Space Shuttle.
Challenger Explosion
Spacecrafts
Challenger Explosion- January 28, 1986 Explosion sent fragments, two solid rocket boosters
and a cabin full of flight crew 73 seconds into the mission
With NASA making extreme advancements, this explosion was a large set back.
Other satellite missions were cancelled http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4JOjcDFtBE
Historic Events
More than10 million barrels of oil were spilled in Alaska’s Prince William Sound
The amount spilled during the 10 hours was never precisely determined
Killed wildlife and crippled the local salmon and fishing industries
Oil was heading for California and was considered one of the United States’ worst environmental disasters
Created new laws and restrictions to avoid future spills
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill