** In response to handout, write down the questions and answers to the following questions:

- (1) How is the climate and geography between North and

South different?

- (2) What were the population differences between North and South?

- (3) What were the economic differences between North and South?

Learning Targets:

• (1) Students will understand the economy of the South before the Civil War.

• (2) Students will analyze events that increased tension between North and South – Missouri Compromise, abolitionist movement, Mexican Cession, Compromise of 1850, publishing of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, “Bleeding Kansas,” the Dred Scott Decision, and John Brown’s Raid.

Missouri Compromise

(1) Maine becomes a free state

(2) Missouri becomes a slave state

(3) Slavery prohibited in the rest of Missouri Territory north of 36 d. 30’

(4) Slavery allowed into Arkansas Territory south of 36 d. 30’

• This map provides a good visual for observing the successive territories added to the United States.

Rising National Tensions - The Abolitionist Movement (early and mid-1800’s)

- The Liberator polarizes the nation

- The Impact of War with Mexico

- Annexation of Texas (1845) brings war

- Mexican Cession – doubles size of United States

- Wilmot Proviso – proposed 1846, ‘47, & ‘48; upsets the South

• Adding new territory always adds to tension between North and South and leads to the questions –

• (1) Will this new territory allow slavery? and

• (2) How do we maintain the balance between free and slave states?

- Compromise of 1850– (1) Texas surrendered territorial claims– (2) California a free state– (3) Slavery not restricted in Mexican Cession, so “popular sovereignty” in Utah

and New Mexico territories– (4) Slave trade banned in Washington D.C.– (5) Fugitive Slave Act

** Fugitive Slave Act – further polarizes the nation

- Any African American can be accused- No right to testify- Federal marshals have an incentive to declare a slave

Rising National Tensions, 1850’s