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Includes: 1. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder 2. Major depressive disorder 3. Persistent depressive disorder 4. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 5. Substance-induced depressive disorder 6. Depressive disorder due to another medical condition 7. Other specified depressive disorder

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Sad Empty Irritable Cognitive changes Somatic changes All of these significantly affect the individuals ability to function

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For children up to 12 years old Children were being over-diagnosed with bipolar disorder Occurs in approx. 2-5% of the child population Higher in males and school-age children than females and adolescents

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Severe irritability Have lots of outbursts Disruption of family and friend relationships Affects school performance Low frustration tolerance Dangerous behaviors Suicidal ideation Severe aggression

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Diagnostic Criteria Include: Severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally (ex. rages), and/or behaviorally (ex. physical aggression) that are out-of-proportion to the situation or provocation The outbursts must be inconsistent with the developmental level

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The outbursts must occur 3 or more times per week The mood between the outbursts must be irritable and mostly angry Everyone needs to observe it (teachers, parents, friends, etc.) Must be observed across a variety of settings Must have been going on for a minimum of 12 months Must be diagnosed between 6 and 10 years old The behaviors can not be explained by substances, medication, other mental illnesses, or other medical or neurological conditions

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You must be careful when diagnosing Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder because it has similar symptoms to: Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD) Bipolar Disorder ADHD Autism Spectrum Disorder

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At least 2 weeks duration Carefully have to look at normal sadness and grief and bereavement before diagnosing MDD is usually EPISODIC and SEVERE Figure the rest out on your own!

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Read the case about major depression and answer the following: What are the symptoms? What are the diagnostic criteria for MDD? What are the risk factors? What are the categories or specifiers in MDD? What can it often be confused with? What other disorders, if any, is it comorbid with? What are some treatment options for those diagnosed? What is the prevalence? Who does it affect most?

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Also known as DYSTHYMIA Can be diagnosed when the mood disturbance continues for at least 2 years in adults or 1 year in children Not episodic, but CHRONIC Less severe than Major Depressive Disorder Affects 0.5% of the population

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More likely to get PDD when You are younger Have higher neuroticism Have a poor GAF score (axis 5) Have anxiety disorders Have parental loss or separation as a child Have it in your family

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Diagnostic Criteria Include: Depressed mood for most of the day for a period of at least 2 years Presence, while depressed, of at least 2 or more of the following: Poor appetite or overeating Insomnia or hypersomnia Low energy or fatigue Low self-esteem Poor concentration or making decisions Feelings of hoplessness

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The criteria for Major Depressive Disorder may be present for the 2 years There has never been a manic episode The disturbance is not related to any schizophrenic or psychotic disorder The disturbance is not due to substance or medication use, or another medical condition The symptoms causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, and other important areas of functioning.

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You must be careful when diagnosing Persistent Depressive Disorder because it has similar symptoms to: Major depressive disorder Psychotic disorders Depressive disorders related to other medical conditions Substance-induced depression Personality disorders

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Used to be in the DSM-IV for further study It is now recognized as a formal diagnosis (after 20 years of research!) Occurs in 1.8%-5.8% of menstruating women Symptoms worsen as they approach menopause Oral contraceptives help reduce symptoms

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The symptoms followed with the onset of the substance (drug) or medication The symptoms persist for at least 1 month even after use has stopped The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning Can not be explained better by another depressive disorder Can be divided into mild, moderate, or severe Prevalence is 0.26% in the USA What do you think the risk factors are?

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Brain damage can definitely lead to depression! Be careful not to confuse it with a medication-induced depression or with an adjustment disorder (imagine having to adjust to having a medical condition ) Most common in those who experience: Strokes Huntingtonss disease Parkinsons disease