industry is an economic or commercial activity. results in the manufacture of goods both from...
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MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
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Industry is an economic or commercial activity.
Results in the manufacture of goods both from minerals & agricultural products.
What is an industry?
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Classified into four categories:
Primary Activities
Secondary Activities
Tertiary Activities
Quaternary Activities
TYPES OF ACTIVITIES
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Classified into three major groups:
2. On the basis of Ownership
3. On the basis of Size
1. On the basis of Raw Materials
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES
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1. On the basis of Raw Materials
Agro-based Industries
Animal-based Industries
Forest-based
Industries
Marine-based Industries
Mineral-based Industries
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Public Sector Industries
Private Sector Industries
Cooperative Sector Industries
Joint Sector Industries
Owned by producers of various consumer’s products like milk, rice
& flour mills etc.
Jointly owned by govt. & private cooperate sector for better results
& efficiency.
Owned by private individuals or groups for profit & according to
their wish.
Owned & maintained by the Govt .or its agencies
2. On the basis of Ownership
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Large Scale Industries
Medium Scale
Industries
Small Scale Industries
On the basis of Size
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Large Scale Industries:1. Employ large number of labour.2. Huge investment is involved.3. Can be found in private, public & cooperative
sector.4. Example: Tata iron & steel company.
Medium Scale Industries:1. Moderate no. of labour & investment is involved.
Small Scale Industries:1. Earlier an investment of 1 crore wasthe criteria
for a SSI but today it has increased to 5 crore. Example: machine parts, fans, bicycles etc.
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Geographic Factors
• Include: Relief, climate, water, geographic resources.• Example:
Human made Factors
• Non-geographic factors.• Includes availability of electricity, transport,
communication, banking, labour etc.
Factors Affecting Industrial Location
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Considered as backbone of the modern industry
Supplies basic raw material to manufacturing industries.
Example: automobiles industry, ship building, aircraft building industry, machinery for all other industries.
IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY
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The first Iron & Steel Industry was set up by Jamshedji Tata in 1882.
India has made considerable progress in this sector.
Major Iron & Steel plants in India are located at:
1. Durgapur, Hirapur ( W. Bengal) 2. Jamshedpur,Bokaro ( Jharkhand) 3. Bhilai ( Chattisgarh) 4. Rourkela ( orissa) 5. Vishakapatnam ( Andhra Pradesh) 6. Salem ( Tamil Nadu) 7. Bhadravati ( Karnataka)
Use of Steel & Iron in India
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The oldest industry in the world.
Cotton clothes first time used by Indus Valley Civilization(5500 years ago)
During the Industrial revolution in England, machines were developed to do the work which were done by human beings like ginning, weaving, spinning etc.
Textile Industry
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•Natural fibres
•Man-made Fibres
Two main types of Fibres
•Cotton, silk, wool, jute, asbestos,silica
•Nylon, polyester, acrylic, rayon
•Source: both plants & chemicals
Natural FibresMan-made
Fibres
•Cotton textiles, silk textiles, woollen textiles, jute & synthetic textiles.
•etc.
Based on the raw material, textile
industry is classified into:
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Cotton industry is closely linked to the old civilizations like Indus valley civilization & Industrial revolution in England.
Handlooms were converted into powerlooms, resulting in mass production of textiles.
Major producers of cotton textiles: China, India & Japan.
Major cotton industries are located at: 1. Mumbai, Nagpur ( Maharashtra) 2. Ahmadabad, Surat( Gujarat) 3. Kanpur, Lucknow ( U.P) 4. Bhopal, Indore ( Madhya Pradesh) 5. Coimbatore ( Tamil Nadu)
Cotton Textile Industry
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Information Technology