. (Introduction to Probrabilities).. 1654 (Chevalier de Mere)

1 1 2 1 4 1 4 2 24 2 1 24

2 5 7 4 3

(Christian Huygen .. 1629 1695)

(Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet .. 1743 1794)

(Thomas Bayes .. 1702 1761)

(Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace .. 1749 - 1827)

(Gregor Mendel .. 1822 - 1884)

(John Maynard Keynes .. 1883 - 1946)

(Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov .. 1903 - 1987)

..

44 01

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1. (Tree diagram) 2 1.1 Ex1 3 2 1.1 Ex2 3 1.1 Ex3 4 1, 2, 3, 5 2 1.2 Ex4 1 1 2 5 .. 1 1.2 Ex5 1 1 2 2 5 1.2 Ex6 5 1 1 1 3 1.2 Ex7 2 () 3 () 1.2 Ex8 1 Mark solby 1 2 3 () 1.2 Thailand Open Rafael Nadal Andy Merre 2 3 1.2 NBA play off Chicago bulls Sanantonio Spurs 3 1.2 XX 1 ( 1 ) +3 -2 5 1.2 Ex12 9 X ABCRXSYTZEx13

A, B, C, D, E, F A 1.2 ADCBFE2. Ex 3 A, B, C

Ex 4 A, B, C, D 3 . . , .6 6