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MAIN IDEA: FOR MORE THAN A CENTURY, THE PAPACY WAS TROUBLED BY ITS PHYSICAL SEPARATION FROM ROME AND BY RIVAL POPES CLAMING AUTHORITYPAPACYPOPES

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FROM ROME TO AVIGNON SINCE THE DAYS OF THE EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH, ROME HAD BEEN A SYMBOL FOR CHRISTIANS IN 1309, A FRENCH POPE, CLEMENT V MOVED THE SEAT OF THE PAPACY FROM ROME TO AVIGNON TO AVOID CIVIL WARS WITH ITALY TWO NEW PALACES WERE BUILT FOR THE SEVEN FRENCH POPES DURING THAT TIME

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THE GREAT SCHISM POPE GREGORY XI RETURNED THE PAPACY TO ROME IN 1377 BUT DIED A YEAR LATER THE CARDINALSTHE HIGH RANKING CHURCH OFFICALS ELECTED AN ITALIAN POPE URBAN VI, BUT HE SOON PROVED TO BE UNRULY AND CRUEL THE CARDINALS DECLARED HIS ELECTION INVALID AND ELECTED A FRENCH CANDIDATE WHICH WAS CLEMENT VII, BUT WHEN URBAN REFUSED TO RESIGN CLEMENT RETREATED BACK TO AVIGNON

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MAIN IDEA: BY THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY, DEBATES WITHIN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HAD INCREASED

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JOHN WYCLIFFE CALLS FOR REFORMS BEFORE THE GREAT SCHISM, THE MOST SERIOUS INTERNAL CONFLICT AMONG CHRISTANS HAD BEEN THE SPLIT BETWEEN ROME AND CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1054. THE PATRIARCH, OR LEADING BISHOP, OF CONSTANTINOPLE, HAD REFUSED TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE AUTHORITY OF THE POPE IN ROME AS A RESULT, TWO BRANCHES OF CHRISTIANITY DEVELOPED: THE WESTERN EUROPEAN ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE EASTERN ORHODOX CHURCH

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CHALLENGES TO THE CHURCH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PRAGUE IN PRESENT-DAY CZECH REPUBLIC, WHERE HE STUDIED AND TAUGHT, HUS CALLED FOR REFORM OF CHURCH PRACTICES HUS OBJECTED PARTICULARY TO THE CHURCHS sale OF INDULGENCES. FOR MANY YEARS, THE CHURCH ALLOWED PEOPLE TO BUY AN INDULGENCE INSTEAD OF DOING PENANCE TO GAIN FORGIVENESS FOR THEIR SINS.PENANCE MANY PEOPLE WERE HAPPY TO BUY AN INDULGENCE INSTEAD OF DOING A PENANCE, AND THE CHURCH WAS HAPPY TO TAKE THEIR MONEY. HUS FELT HIS PRACTICE WAS NOT IN KEEPING WITH CHURCH TEACHINGS.

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PENANCE IS AN ACT THAT ONE PERFORMS TO GET FORGIVENESS OF SINS

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THE RANK OF A POPE; PAPAL OFFICE

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A pope is the Bishop of Rome and the spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church.