make a list of 10 actions you have taken in the past two days
TRANSCRIPT
Make a list of 10 actions you have taken in the past two days.
Make a list of 10 actions you have taken in the past two days.
Label each one as created by either a biological or psychological need
Make a list of 10 actions you have taken in the past two days.
Label each one as created by either a biological or psychological need
What were the motivations for those actions?
Motives› Stimulus that moves us toward a specific goal
Motives› Stimulus that moves us toward a specific goal
Needs› Absolute necessities
Motives› Stimulus that moves us toward a specific goal
Needs› Absolute necessities
Drives› Motivate us to take action
Biological› Examples…
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival› Based on deprivation
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival› Based on deprivation› Inborn
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival› Based on deprivation› Inborn
Psychological› Examples…
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival› Based on deprivation› Inborn
Psychological› Examples…› Not survival-based
Biological› Examples…› Necessary for survival› Based on deprivation› Inborn
Psychological› Examples…› Not survival-based› Can be learned
What role does the Hypothalamus play?
Why do we overdo things?
Instinct Theory› Inborn› “Fixed-Action Patterns”› William James
Drive-Reduction Theory› Clark Hull› Homeostasis
SocioCultural Theory› Just what you think it means
Humanistic Theory› Quest for fulfillment› Self-Actualization› What about obstacles?› Abraham Maslow
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL – food, water, rest, shelter
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
SAFETY – protection, security, stability
PHYSIOLOGICAL – food, water, rest, shelter
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
LOVE – love, acceptance, belonging
SAFETY – protection, security, stability
PHYSIOLOGICAL – food, water, rest, shelter
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
ESTEEM – achievement, competence, recognition, respect
LOVE – love, acceptance, belonging
SAFETY – protection, security, stability
PHYSIOLOGICAL – food, water, rest, shelter
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
SELF-ACTUALIZATION – fulfillment of potential
ESTEEM – achievement, competence, recognition, respect
LOVE – love, acceptance, belonging
SAFETY – protection, security, stability
PHYSIOLOGICAL – food, water, rest, shelter
Sensory Stimulation
Sensory Stimulation› What happens when we are deprived?
Sensory Stimulation Activity
Sensory Stimulation Activity Exploration
Sensory Stimulation Activity Exploration & Manipulation
Sensory Stimulation Activity Exploration & Manipulation Achievement Motivation
Sensory Stimulation Activity Exploration & Manipulation Achievement Motivation
› Extrinsic…
Sensory Stimulation Activity Exploration & Manipulation Achievement Motivation
› Extrinsic or Intrinsic
How can we increase response?
How can we increase response?
Project?
Cognitive Consistency › Affiliation
Cognitive Consistency › Affiliation
Balance Theory
Cognitive Consistency › Affiliation
Balance Theory
Cognitive-Dissonance Theory
What are they?› States of feeling
What are they?› …and what aren’t they?
What are they?› …and what aren’t they?
List the 5 emotions youfeel most often, andthe 5 you feel leastoften.
Aristotle› Anger Shame› Mildness Shamelessness› Love Benevolence› Envy Pity› Enmity Indignation› Fear Emulation› Confidence Contempt
Ancient Chinese theory› Happiness› Anger› Sorrow› Fear
Ancient Chinese theory› Happiness› Anger› Sorrow› Fear
All are inborn
John B. Watson› Fear› Rage› Love
John B. Watson› Fear› Rage› Love
William James› Everything we do is designed to gain
happiness.
Are they…
Are they…› Biological ?
Are they…› Biological ?› Cognitive ?
Are they…› Biological ?› Cognitive ?› Behavioral ?
Are they…› Biological ?› Cognitive ?› Behavioral ?
What is the relationship?
Opponent-Process Model
Opponent-Process Model
› Emotions are followed by their opposites
Commonsense Approach
Commonsense Approach
› Thoughts lead to Feelings
James-Lange Theory
James-Lange Theory› Behavior causes Emotion
James-Lange Theory› Behavior causes Emotion› Changing our Behavior changes the Emotion
James-Lange Theory› Behavior causes Emotion› Changing our Behavior changes the Emotion
› Ignores Cognition, Values, Choices
Cannon-Bard Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory› The Brain causes both Physical and Emotional reactions
Cannon-Bard Theory› The Brain causes both Physical and Emotional reactions
› Emotions are caused by external stimuli
Theory of Cognitive Appraisal
Theory of Cognitive Appraisal› Emotions come from Situational
Analysis and the Reactions of Others.
Do Emotions Evolve?
Do Emotions Evolve?› Adaptation
Do Emotions Evolve?› Adaptation› The Role of Play
Do Emotions Evolve?› Adaptation› The Role of Play› The Role of Fear
How do we know what emotions someone is feeling ?
How do we know what emotions someone is feeling ?
Can we “fake” them ?
How do we know what emotions someone is feeling ?
Can we “fake” them ?
What if certain emotions linger ?
How do we know what emotions someone is feeling ?
Can we “fake” them ?
What if certain emotions linger ?
What if a person had no emotions ?
Are emotions universal ?› Margaret Mead says, “No”› Other studies say, “Yes”
Are emotions universal ?› Margaret Mead says, “No”› Other studies say, “Yes”
Are happiness surveys objective ?› [ Reliability – Validity measures ]
Are emotions universal ?› Margaret Mead says, “No”› Other studies say, “Yes”
Are happiness surveys objective ?› [ Reliability – Validity measures ]
How about the experiment where moms say their 3-month-old is:› Curious (99%) – Joyful (95%) – Angry (84%)› Surprised (74%) – Fearful (58%)
Can we choose our emotions?
Can we choose our emotions?
How do we deal with anger ?
Can we choose our emotions?
How do we deal with anger ?› Control or Outburst
What is more effective ?