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ММOSCOWOSCOW 2009 2009

MODERN UNIVERSITY FOR THE HUMANITIESMODERN UNIVERSITY FOR THE HUMANITIES

Higher education in the world countries: Higher education in the world countries: the analysis of international statistics and the the analysis of international statistics and the

results of the global ratings in educationresults of the global ratings in education

O. Karpenko, M. Bershadskaya, Y.VoznesenskayaO. Karpenko, M. Bershadskaya, Y.Voznesenskaya

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TertiaryTertiary Attainment of PopulationAttainment of Population with with regard to the Scale regard to the Scale FactorFactor

BoundaryBoundary Conditions for Conditions for Selection of Leading CountriesSelection of Leading Countries

index of education, describing the index of education, describing the educational potential of the educational potential of the populationpopulation – – nono less thanless than 0,9 0,955

the ratio of 25-to-64-year-olds with the ratio of 25-to-64-year-olds with tertiary education (level 5A/6)tertiary education (level 5A/6)– – at at least least 15% 15%

number ofnumber of university students university students (5A/6) (5A/6) – – nono less thanless than

0,5 0,5 millionmillion

share ofshare of university students university students (5A/6) (5A/6) in population in population – – nono less thanless than 2% 2%

12 12 leadingleading--countriescountries(only 12 countries out 191 world (only 12 countries out 191 world countries meet these requirements) countries meet these requirements)

USAUSARussiaRussiaJapanJapanKoreaKoreaGermanyGermanyGreat BritainGreat BritainFranceFranceSpainSpainCanadaCanadaAustraliaAustraliaNetherlandsNetherlandsPolandPoland

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TERTIARY ATTAINMENT OF POPULAITION

Fig.1 Ratio of 25-to-64-year-olds with tertiary education (level 5A/6) – 2007Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators – 2009 Edition, table A1.3a

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Fig.2 Distribution of world students population by countries – 2007

Global Education Digest 2009. UNESCO Institute for Statistics.Montreal,2009, table 8

TERTIARY ATTAINMENT OF POPULAITION

55

TERTIARY ATTAINMENT OF POPULAITION

Fig.3Fig.3 Share of Share of university students in population – 2007Calculation by data:Calculation by data: 1) 1) Global Education Digest 2009. UNESCO Institute for

Statistics.Montreal,2009,table 8 2) Russia and the world countries. 2009. P. 361

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Priorities areas of Education DevelopmentPriorities areas of Education Development

The export of education services The export of education services as a as a reflection of the existing national education system reflection of the existing national education system reputation in the international community reputation in the international community

World university ratingsWorld university ratings enabling the enabling the evaluation of a national tertiary education system evaluation of a national tertiary education system according to integral universitiesaccording to integral universities

The international study of education The international study of education quality PISAquality PISA (Program for International Student (Program for International Student Assessment)Assessment) – shows a state of the secondary – shows a state of the secondary school education which is the tertiary education school education which is the tertiary education foundationfoundation

Accessibility and affordability of tertiary Accessibility and affordability of tertiary educationeducation

The scope of Distance Education The scope of Distance Education developmentdevelopment

Only four countries are added to the Only four countries are added to the above mentioned above mentioned 12 12 leading countriesleading countries::

India and ChinaIndia and China,, coming out to the forefront due to the number coming out to the forefront due to the number of students in higher education, students of students in higher education, students growth dynamics and distance education growth dynamics and distance education developmentdevelopment

FinlandFinland ,, leading in three ratings: the quality ofleading in three ratings: the quality of secondary education PISA-2006, the secondary education PISA-2006, the accessibility and affordability of higher accessibility and affordability of higher education(2nd place);education(2nd place);

SwedenSweden - - the leader in affordability of higher the leader in affordability of higher educationeducation

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EXPORT OF EDUCATIONEXPORT OF EDUCATION

Fig.4 Distribution of foreign students in host countries (in thousands) Fig.4 Distribution of foreign students in host countries (in thousands) Global Education Digest 2009. UNESCO Institute for

Statistics.Montreal,2009, table 9

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Global rankings of educational opportunities, Global rankings of educational opportunities, (proposed by Canadian researchers(proposed by Canadian researchers A. Usher, A. Cervenan ) are based on the separation of the concepts of A. Usher, A. Cervenan ) are based on the separation of the concepts of accessibility of tertiary education and its affordability (ability for payment). accessibility of tertiary education and its affordability (ability for payment). Fig.5-7 show the results of the authors project and an Fig.5-7 show the results of the authors project and an approximateapproximate estimate of estimate of Russia in these rankings: Russia in these rankings:

Japan

New Zealand

United Kingdom

USAAustralia

CanadaItaly

France

Germany

AustriaRussia

Belgium FrenchIreland

Belgium FlemishNetherlands

Finland

Sw eden

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Ranking

Austria

Belgium

RussiaGermany

ItalySw eden

FranceIreland

AustraliaCanada

USAUnited

Ringdom

Finland

Netherland

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14Ranking

Fig.6Fig.6 Place in a ranking on the sum of the weighed values of the indicators

characterizing the accessibility of tertiary education;

Fig.5Fig.5 Place in a ranking on the sum of the weighed values of the indicators characterizing the affordability (ability for payment) of tertiary

education;

Fig.7.. The results of the global rankings on accessibility and affordability of tertiary education.

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World university rankings

159

4240

312322

34

2118

15121198 87

7766 6

USA-159 United Kngdom-42 Germany-40Japan-31 France-23 Italy-22Canada-21 China-18 Australia-15Netherlands-12 Sw eden-11 Spain-9Sw itzerland-8 Korea-8 Belgium-7Austria-7 Taiw an-7 Israel-6Finland-6 Brazil-6 other-34

OTHER:Hong Kong-5, New Zealand-5,Denmark-4, Norw ay-4, Ireland-3, South Africa-3, Greece-2, India-2,Russia-2, Singapore-2, Argentiina-1,Mexico-1

ARWU Top 500, 200832 countries, 492 universities

444

33

58

21

30

121111

109

76

5

3

USA-58 Unted Kingdom-30 Canada-12

Germany-11 Netherlands-11 Japan-10Australia-9 Sw itzerland-7 China-6

Belgium-5 France-4 Sw eden-4

Hong Kong-4 Israel-3 Korea-3New Zealand-3 other-21

Rankng "Times" Top 200, 2008 33 countries, 201 universities

OTHER: Denmark-2, India-2, Ireland-2, Singapore-2, Argentina-1, Austra-1, Brasil-1, Finland-1, Greece-1, Italy-1, Mexico-1, Norw ay-1, Russia-1, South Africa-1, Spain-1, Thailand-1, Taiw an-1

Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU).

World University Rankings of Times Higher Education Supplement

F ig.8 Academic Ranking of World Universities -2008. http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/ranking.htm

Fig.9 Times Higher Education Supplement http://www.thes.co.uk/

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Fig.10 Leading countries by the number of universities among the top 5000 world universities

Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. http://www.webometrics.info/index.html

Fig.11. Distribution of the top 170 Russian Universities in the federal districts.

O.Karpenko, M.Bershadskaya,Y.Voznesenskaya. Openness and accessibility of information on the university: results of international ranking of the universities’ web-sites. Workshop on computer science and information technologies CSIT’2009, Crete, Greece, 2009.

Webometrics Ranking of World Universities

1111

Results of international research of school education qualityResults of international research of school education quality Results PISA (Programme for international student assessment) considered in a Results PISA (Programme for international student assessment) considered in a context of higher education, have shown the backlog of some countries that have so far context of higher education, have shown the backlog of some countries that have so far been recognized leaders in education (USA, Russia, Spain, France, Germany) – been recognized leaders in education (USA, Russia, Spain, France, Germany) – fig.12 fig.12

454

434

410

498503

511516

515531

525 495

489

488527534

563

542

479473

349

322

522

424412

390393

386

382

300

350

400

450

500

550

600Finland-563 Hong Kong-542 Canada-534Taiwan-532 Estonia-531 Japan-531New Zealand-530 Australia-527 Netherlands-525Liechtenstein-522 Korea-522 Slov enia-519Germany -516 United Kingdom-515 Czech Republic-513Switzerland-512 Macao-511 Austria-511Belgium-510 Ireland-508 Hungary -504Sweden-503 Poland-498 Denmark-496France-495 Croatia-493 Iceland-491Latv ia-490 USA-489 Slov akia-488Spain-488 Lithuania-488 Norway -487Luxembourg-486 Russia-479 Italy -475Portugal-474 Greece-473 Israel-454Chili-438 Serbia-436 Bulgaria-434Uruguay -428 Turkey -424 Jordan-422Thailand-421 Romania-418 Montenegro-412Mexico-410 Indonesia-393 Argentina-391Brasil-490 Colombia-388 Tunisia-386Azerbaijan-382 Qatar-349 Kirghizia-322

Fig.12 Average scores of the countries in the priority area of research PISA-2006 PISA-2006: Science Competencies for Tomorrows World

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..Consideration of the particularities of the differentiations in the quality of school education within the country reveals its "narrow" places and clearly demonstrates the need for greater openness and accessibility of education to the general population regardless of place of residence – fig.13, 14

402

433 440 457 469

449

469 477 487 499

452

466 482 491 508

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Village, f armwith the

population upto 3000

Settlementwith the

populationf rom 3000 up

to 15000

City with thepopulation

f rom 15000up to 100000

City with thepopulationf rom 100

thousand upto 1 million

City with thepopulation

more than 1million

ReadingMathematicsScience

-20%

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

Reading

Mathematics

Science

Fig.13 The results of American students of different origins: а) average scores, b) deviation from the average score in OECD countries - zero point - the level of OECD countriesа)

b)

Fig.14. The results of Russian students depending on their place of residence: а) average scores; b) deviation from the average score in OECD countries).

а) b)

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The level of development of distance education based on Information Communication Technologies (ICT)

7,2%

6%

2%1,7%

0,5% 0,4%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8%mega-universities

developing countries

India China Europe USA

developing contries 84%

8 336 000 mega-university students

111

11

11

11

1 1 1 1 2

2

2

5

India-5 China-2Thailand-2 USA-2Turkey -1 Bangladesh-1Pakistan-1 Indonesia-1Japan-1 Korea-1Unted Kingdom-1 South Af rica-1Russia-1 France-1Iran-1 Spain-1Canada-1

183

2718

2401

884

611

541

456

433

400250

196

100120

204

India-2718 China-2401Turkey-884 Thaland-611USA-541 Pakistan-456Bangladesh-433 Indonesia-400South Africa-250 United Kingdom-204Korea-196 Russia-183Iran-183 Spain-180France-120 Canada-100Japan-100

Fig.15 Share of mega-university students in total number of students in the world

Fig.16. The role of developing countries in mega-universities

Fig.17.Fig.17. Number of Number of mega-universitiesmega-universities

Fig.18. Number of mega-university students (thousands)

J. Daniel. Mega-universities and knowledge media: Technology strategies for higher education / London 1996;

O.Karpenko, M.Bershadskaya “Higher education in the world countries: the analysis of educational statistics and the global ratings in education”. Chapter 5. Distance Education in the world countries: the scale factor. //M., 2009. -250 p.

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CountryCountry II IIII IIIIII IVIV VV VIVI VIIVII VIIIVIII IXIX XX XIXI

AustraliaAustralia 1-51-5 3-53-5 44 22

United KingdomUnited Kingdom 22 22 33 33

GermanyGermany 55 44 55

NetherlandsNetherlands 1-51-5 22 33 11

IndiaIndia -- -- 33 11

SpainSpain 1-51-5 55

CanadaCanada 1-51-5 3-53-5 22 5-65-6 55 44

ChinaChina -- -- 11-2-2 22

KoreaKorea 3-53-5 33

PolandPoland 22 -- --

RussiaRussia 44 33 11 44 -- --

USAUSA 11 1-21-2 44 44 11 11 -- 44 44 --

FinlandFinland 1-51-5 11 55 22 22 11

FranceFrance 33 5-65-6

SwedenSweden 55 11

JapanJapan 33 33 33 55

Place among 16 countries-leaders on indicators of system of tertiary educationPlace among 16 countries-leaders on indicators of system of tertiary educationI – index of education, II – the ratio of adults with tertiary education (level, 5A/6). III – number of university students , IV – share of university students in population , V – the ratio of 25-to-64-year-olds with tertiary education (level 5A/5B/6), VI – number of foreign students in host countries, VII – number of national universities among the top world universities (according to cumulative results of three international rating – ARWU, Times and Webometrics), VIII – affordability of tertiary education, IX – accessibility of tertiary education, X – the level of development of distance education , XI -Results of international research of school education quality (according to cumulative results of PISA-2006)

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