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Name

Secondary 1 First term revision pack

Name: Class:

What you need to do: Complete as much of this as you can, it will be excellent preparation for the resit of the end of term test.

All of these topics will be tested also at the end of term test so it’s important for you to be a real success in this subject this year, that you make sure you really learn them. From your analysis of your exam you will know which topics to focus on, it may not be all of them that you need to work on.

Sec1 Sci P7B Word list

ASTEROID

AXIS

CONSTELLATION

DAY

EARTH

ECLIPSE

EQUATOR

FULL

GALAXY

HEMISPHERE

HEMISPHERES

INNER

LEAP

LIGHT

LUMINOUS

LUNAR

MILKY

MONTH

MOON

NEW

NORTHERN

ORBIT

OUTER

PARTIAL

PHASES

PLANETS

SATELLITE

SOLAR

SPHERE

STAR

SUN

SYSTEM

THE

TOTAL

UNIVERSE

WAY

YEAR

Patrick Brannac www. Smashing Science.org of 40

http://www.SmashingScience.org/

Word Pronunciation Meaning Chinese

asteroid ass-ter-oyd A small lump of rock orbiting around the Sun

axis acks-iss Imaginary vertical line that goes from one pole of the Earth to the other. The Earth spins around its axis.

constellation con-stell-ay-shun

A pattern of stars.

day 24 hours, the time it takes the Earth to spin once on its axis.

Earth The planet we live on.

Equator ee-kwate-er An imaginary line around the middle of the Earth.

full moon The phase of the Moon when it looks like a bright, full circle.

galaxy Millions of stars grouped together.

hemispheres hem-ee-sfears The two halves of a sphere – the shape you would get if you cut a solid ball in half.

inner planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The inner planets are all rocky planets.

leap year A year with 366 days in it. We have a leap year every 4 years.

light year The distance that light travels in one year.

luminous Gives out light.

lunar eclipse When the Moon moves into the shadow of the Earth.

lunar month 28 days – the time it takes the Moon to orbit around the Earth once.

Milky Way The galaxy that our Solar System is in.

Moon A moon is a large lump of rock orbiting around a planet. The Moon is the moon that orbits the Earth.

new moon The phase of the Moon when we cannot see the lit-up side.

northern hemisphere

The half of the Earth with the North Pole in it. The UK is in the northern hemisphere.

orbit The path that a planet takes around the Sun, or the path that a moon or satellite takes around a planet.

outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. All the outer planets except Pluto are made of gas.

partial eclipse A solar eclipse when the Moon only covers part of the Sun.

phases of the Moon The different shapes the Moon seems to have at different times.

satellite Anything that orbits a planet.




solar eclipse When the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth, and casts a shadow on part of the Earth.

solar system A star with planets and other objects orbiting it.

sphere sfear A shape like a ball.

star A huge ball of gas that gives out heat and light energy.

Sun The star that the Earth orbits around.

total eclipse A solar eclipse when the Moon completely blocks out light from the Sun.

Universe All the galaxies and the space between them make up the Universe.

year The length of time it takes a planet to go around the Sun. One year on Earth is 365.25 days.

Word list for The Earth Topic C7e TestEnglish Chines

eCrystals 水晶Layers 层Crumbles 崩溃Erupting 爆发Rapidly 急速Underground

地下

Compressed

压缩

Pressure 压力Liquid 液体Sedimentaryrock

沉积岩

Remains 遗迹Organisms 生物

English Chinese

Describe 描述Investigate 调查Clay 粘土Particles 粒子Gravel 碎石Silt 淤泥Properties 特性Sand 砂Fewer 少于Soil 泥Waterlogged

涝的

Structure 结构体

Core 核心Crust 地壳

English Chinese

Earth’s mantle

地幔

Fossil 化石Mineral 矿物Volcano 火山Indicate 表明



Name

Sec1 Sci C7s Solids liquids and gases word list


bonds Forces holding particles together.

data Results of an experiment.

dense Something which is heavy for its volume.

diffusion When particles mix with each other without anything moving them.

flow Move.



gas Something that does not have a fixed shape or volume, and is easy to squash.

liquid lick-wid Something with a fixed volume but no fixed shape.

observation What you see happening in an experiment.

particles part-ick-als The tiny pieces that everything is made out of.

prediction What you think will happen in an experiment.

pressure presh-ur The force caused by particles hitting a certain area.

property A description of how a material behaves and what it is like. Hardness is a property of some solids.

solid Something with a fixed shape and volume.

states of matter There are three different forms which a substance can be in; solid, liquid or gas. These are the three states of matter.

theory thear-ree An idea about why things work the way they do. Scientists use their imaginations to come up with a theory.

vacuum vack-yoom A completely empty space.

vibrate Move backwards and forwards.

Sec Sci C7c Word list 7F only



Word 字 Meaning 含义

chemical reaction 化学反应 A change where new substances are formed.

新物质形成的变化。

irreversible change 不可逆转的变化 Permanent change. 永久的变化。

permanent change 永久改变 A change in which what you ended up with cannot be turned back into what you started with.

你所结束的变化不能回到你开始的事情上。

physical change 物理变化 A change where no new substances are formed.

没有新物质形成的变化。

reversible change 可逆的变化 A change in which what you end up with can easily be turned back into what you started with.

一个变化，你最终可以很容易地回到你开始的东西。

acid rain 酸雨 Rain containing sulphuric and nitric acid. 含有硫酸和硝酸的雨。

corrosion 腐蚀 When stone or metal reacts with chemicals in air or water and is worn away or changed into a different substance.

当石头或金属与空气或水中的化学物质反应并被磨损或变成不同的物质时。

corrosive 腐蚀性的 Substances that attack metals, stonework and skin are called corrosive.

攻击金属，石雕和皮肤的物质被称为腐蚀性物质。

hydrogen 氢 A gas which is given off when metals react with acids. It burns with a squeaky pop.

当金属与酸反应时释放的气体。它燃烧着一个吱吱作响的流行音乐。

product 产品 New chemical formed in a chemical reaction.

化学反应中形成的新化学物质

reactants 反应物 Chemicals that join together to form a new substance.

连接在一起形成新物质的化学物质。

rust 锈 Substance formed when iron or steel reacts with oxygen and water.

当铁或钢与氧气和水反应时形成的物质。

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 A gas which will put out a lighted splint and turn limewater milky.

一个气体，会熄灭一个发光的夹板，并把石灰水变成乳白色。

chemical energy 化学能源 The kind of energy stored in chemicals. 化学品中储存的能量。

fuel 汽油 A chemical that can release energy when it reacts.

一种能够在反应时释放能量的化学物质。

oxide 氧化 A compound that includes oxygen. 包含氧的化合物。

word equation 单词方程 A way of writing out what happens in a chemical reaction.

一种写出化学反应中发生的事情的方法。

chemical reaction 化学反应 When new substances are formed. 新物质形成时。

combination reaction

组合反应 When chemicals join to form new substances.

化学物质加入形成新物质。

combustion 燃烧 The scientific word for burning. 燃烧的科学词汇。



hydrocarbon 烃 A chemical compound containing only hydrogen and carbon.

一种仅含有氢和碳的化合物。

irreversible action 不可逆转的行动 A reaction in which what you end up with cannot be turned back into what you started with.

最终导致的反应不能回到你开始的状态。

oxide 氧化 A compound that includes oxygen. 包含氧的化合物。

word equation 单词方程 A way of writing out what happens in a chemical reaction.

一种写出化学反应中发生的事情的方法。



KS3 Sci End of Term Revision Booklet Questions 107marksC7e/The Earth (rocks)/Q# 2//Q7. The diagram shows four different layers of sedimentary rock in a cliff.

(a) Which layer of , A, B, C or D, is probably the oldest?

...............................1 mark

(b) Igneous rock is formed when magma cools.Choose from the following words to complete the sentences below.

gas liquid metal solid

(i) Igneous rock is a ......................1 mark

(ii) Magma is a ......................1 mark

(c) Rocks are put into groups according to the way they are formed. The groups are igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary.

(i) To which group does sandstone belong?

...........................1 mark

(ii) In which group are fossils never found?

...........................1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

C7e/The Earth (rocks)/Q# 3//Q22. (a) Helen weighed three pieces of rock and soaked them in water.The next day, she weighed them again.Her results are shown below.

Rocks that have lots of small spaces are described as porous. What evidence is there in the table that sandstone is porous, but granite andmarble are not porous?

...............................1 mark

(d) (i) Draw a line from the name of each rock below to the group of rocks itbelongs to.

(ii) Draw a line from each group of rocks below to the way the group of rockswas formed.



4 marks

C7e/The Earth (rocks)/Q# 4//Q17. (a) Over many years, cliffs may be affected by weathering.Describe one effect of weathering on a cliff.

..............................1 mark

(b) The photograph shows a piece of sandstone.

(i) The sandstone in the photograph contains a fossil. What is a fossil?

..............................1 mark

(ii) What group of rocks does sandstone belong to?

................1 mark

(c) Granite and basalt are igneous rocks. They contain crystals but no fossils.(i) How are igneous rocks formed?

..............................1 mark

(ii) Explain why igneous rocks do not contain fossils.

..............................1 mark

(iii) Granite takes much longer to form than basalt.How will the size of the crystals in granite be different from the size of the crystals in basalt?

..............................1 mark

Maximum 6 marks

C7e/The Earth (rocks)/Q# 5//Q14. (a) The table gives the names of three different rocks and how



they are classified.

In the table below, draw lines to connect the name of each rock to the description of how the rock was

formed and then to the correct description of features of the rock.

3 marks

C7s/Solids, liquids and gases/Q# 6//Q1 Some crushed ice at –20° C was placed in a beaker. A thermometer was put into the ice, and the beaker was heated gently for 15 minutes. The graph shows how the reading on the thermometer changed over the 15 minutes.

(a) By how much did the temperature in the beaker change during the 15 minutes?

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1 mark(b) Which letter on the graph shows:

(i) when the ice is melting? ...........1 mark

(ii) when the water is boiling?..........1 mark

(c) During the experiment, the beaker and its contents were quickly removed from the heat and weighed on a balance at the following times.

at 0 minutesat 5 minutesat 10 minutesat 15 minutes

(i) At which two times would you expect the readings on the balance to be the same?

........ minutes and ..... minutes1 mark

(ii) Between which two of these times was the mass of the contents of the beaker changing most rapidly?

........ minutes and ..... minutes1 markC7s/Solids, liquids and gases/Q# 7//Q17. (a) Methane can be a gas, a liquid or a solid. In the diagram

below, arrows P, Q, R and S represent changes of state. The boxes on the right show the arrangement of particles of methane in the three different

physical states.Each circle represents a particle of methane.

(i) Draw a line from each physical state of methane to the arrangement of particles in that physical state.

Draw only three lines.1 mark

(ii) Arrows P, Q, R and S represent changes of state.Which arrow represents:

evaporation? ...............Patrick Brannac www. Smashing Science.org of 40


melting? ...................2 marks

(b) Methane is the main compound in natural gas. The scale below shows themelting point and the boiling point of methane.

Methane has three physical states: solid, liquid and gas.(i) What is the physical state of methane at –170°C?

................1 mark

C7s/Solids, liquids and gases/Q# 8//Q13. A test tube of crushed ice is taken out of a freezer and left in a warm room. The graph shows how the temperature in the test tube changes.

(a) What is happening to the ice at stage B?

...............................1 mark

(b) Why does the temperature of the water stop rising at 23°C (stage D)?

...............................1 mark

(c) Four of the ways molecules could move are given below.

They vibrate around fixed points.

They move past each other and are close together.

They move in straight lines, colliding occasionally.

They all move in the same direction at the same speed.

(i) How do the molecules move at stage A?Write A in the correct box above.

1 mark(ii) How do the molecules move at stage C?



Write C in the correct box above.1 mark

(d) Ice from a freezer is put in a glass of water at room temperature. The ice floats in the water.(ii) The fact that ice floats in water tells us something about the distances between the

molecules. Tick the box by the correct statement.

The molecules are further apart in ice than in water.

The molecules are the same distance apart in ice and in water.

The molecules are closer together in ice than in water. 1 mark

C7s/Solids, liquids and gases/Q# 9//Q8. (b) The diagram below shows particles in a gas, a solid and a liquid.

Each arrow, A, B, C and D, represents a change of state.

(i) Choose from the following words to complete the sentences below.boiling condensing distilling evaporatingfiltering freezing melting

Change of state A is called ……………………………………………….

Change of state B is called ……………………………………………….

Change of state C is called ……………………………………………….

Change of state D is called ……………………………………………….4 marks



P7b/Space/Q# 11//Q16. The diagram below shows the Earth, the Sun, the Moon and an artificial satellite.

(a) Which letters, on the diagram, show the Earth, the Sun and the Moon?

the Earth .....

the Sun .....

the Moon .....2 marks

(b) Give one use of a satellite.

..............................1 mark

(c) Which of the following is a source of light?Tick the correct box.

the Earth the Moon

the Sun a satellite 1 mark

(d) The curve shows the path of the Sun in the sky from sunrise to sunset in England one day in summer.

(i) On the curve, mark the position of the Sun at 9.00 am.Label this point A.

1 mark(ii) The Sun seemed to move from point B to point C.How many hours did this take?



Tick the correct box.

2 hours 6 hours

4 hours 8 hours 1 mark

(e) On the diagram above, draw the path of the Sun from sunrise to sunset on a day in winter.1 mark

maximum 7 marks

P7b/Space/Q# 12//Q11. Each of the observations shown below has one explanation. Draw a line from each observation to the correct explanation.

maximum 4 marks



P7b/Space/Q# 13//Q19. The diagram below shows the orbits of Neptune, Pluto and the Earth. At two points, A and B, the orbits of Neptune and Pluto cross over each other.

not to scale(a) What force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?

...................1 mark

(b) Give two reasons why it takes Pluto more time than Neptune to orbit the Sun.

1. ..................................

2. ..................................2 marks

(c) (i) Tom can see the Sun because it is a light source. It gives out its own light. Neptune and Pluto are not light sources but Tom can see them when he looks through his telescope.

Explain why Tom can see Neptune and Pluto even though they are not light sources.

..............................

..............................2 marks

(ii) Between points A and B, Pluto is nearer than Neptune to the Earth.Tom noticed that Pluto is not as bright as Neptune, even when Pluto is closer than Neptune to

the Earth. Give one reason why Pluto is not as bright as Neptune.

..............................1 mark



P7b/Space/Q# 14// Q39 Our solar system consists of planets orbiting the Sun. Some of these planets have moons.(a) Complete the four statements by drawing lines to join the boxes.

4 marks(b) Give the name of the star in our solar system.

..............................1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

P7b/Space/Q# 16//Q22. In 1610, the Italian scientist, Galileo, observed four bright moons near Jupiter. Each night the moons moved.

(a) (i) The Sun and stars are light sources, and the planets are seen by reflected light. Explain how we can see the moons of Jupiter.

..............................

..............................2 marks

(ii) The four moons are approximately the same distance from the Earth.However, they do not have the same brightness.Suggest one reason for this.

..............................1 mark

(b) The table shows the distances of the four moons from the centre of Jupiter, and the times of their orbits. Europa’s distance has been left out.

The graph was plotted using the information in the table.



Use the graph to estimate Europa’s distance from Jupiter.

....................... millions of km1 mark

(c) Galileo realised that Jupiter and its moons formed a model of our Solar System. In this model:

what did Jupiter represent? ...................

what did the moons represent? ...................1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

P7e/Energy/Q# 17//2 marksQ5. (a) Many substances burn. Some of them are used as fuels. Some fuels are burned in power stations to generate electricity.

Tick the boxes by the two fuels which are most often burned in power stations.

2 marks(b) Burning fuels can pollute the air.Give two substances which pollute the environment when fuels burn.

1 .............................

2 .............................Patrick Brannac www. Smashing Science.org of 40


2 marks(c) Some power stations do not burn fuels. They use other energy resources to generate

electricity. Give two energy resources which are not fuels and which are used to generate

electricity.1 .............................

2 .............................2 marks

Maximum 6 marks

P7e/Energy/Q# 18//Q13. The drawing shows Mark’s house. He uses three methods to generate electricity.

(a) Draw a straight line from each of the two methods below to the main energy resource used to generate electricity.

Draw only two lines.

2 marks(b) (i) The solar cells cannot work at night.Give the reason for this.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (ii) The wind turbine cannot generate electricity all the time.Give the reason for this.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1mark



P7e/Energy/Q# 19//Q18. The drawings below show six ways of providing energy.

(a) From the drawings, give the names of two fossil fuels.

1. .................

2. .................2 marks

(b) (i) What is the source of energy for a solar panel?

...............1 mark



(ii) Why can the solar panel not work at night?

...............1 mark

(c) What makes the blades of the turbine in drawing B go round?

..................1 mark

(d) Renewable energy resources will not run out. From the drawings, give one energy source that will not run out.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 markP7e/Energy/Q# 20//Q21. (a) The diagrams below show how much heat is lost from different parts of

a house every second.

Through which part of the house above is most heat lost?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (b) Part of the house is insulated to reduce the loss of heat.This is shown below.

(i) Which part of the house has been insulated?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (ii) Explain your answer.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (c) The table below gives information about three fossil fuels that can be used to heat a house.



(i) Which fuel in the table releases the least energy when 1 g is burned?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (ii) Methane can be compressed.Which information in the table shows that methane can be compressed?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (iii) Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain.Use the table to explain why burning methane does not produce acid rain.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark

P7e/Energy/Q# 21//Q4. Oil is an important energy resource. It provides about 38% of the energy used for transport, heating and generating electricity.(a) The energy stored in oil came from the Sun.Describe how energy from the Sun became stored in oil.

..............................

..............................2 marks

(b) (i) Oil can be described as a non-renewable energy resource. Explain why.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark

(ii) Tick the boxes by two other non-renewable energy resources.

coal wind solar tidal natural gas wave

2 marksP7e/Energy/Q# 22//Q7. Fossil fuels are used to generate electricity, but over half of the world’s population uses

biomass as a fuel.(a) What is ‘biomass’, which is used as a fuel?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (b) Biomass and fossil fuels are both energy resources. What is the original source

of this energy?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (d) Fossil fuels are often described as non-renewable energy resources.Explain why they are called ‘non-renewable’.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (e) There are advantages and disadvantages of burning different fuels.

(i) Give one advantage of using biomass rather than fossil fuel as an energy resource.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (ii) Give one advantage of using fossil fuel rather than biomass as an energy resource.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (iii) Give one disadvantage of using both fossil fuel and biomass.

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark

P7e/Energy/Q# 23//Q2. Coal is a non-renewable energy resource.(a) Give two other non-renewable energy resources.

1. ..............................

2. ..............................Patrick Brannac www. Smashing Science.org of 40


2 marks Wood is a renewable energy resource.

(b) Why can wood be described as a renewable energy resource?

………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ……….. ……….. 1 mark (c) Give two other renewable energy resources.

1. ..............................

2. ..............................2 marks

(d) Complete the statement below to describe what happens when wood burns.When wood burns, chemical energy in the wood is transformed

into ......... energy, which is transferred to the surroundings.1 mark

P7e/Energy/Q# 25//Q14. This question is about three different fuels, A, B and C.

Fuel A is stored in tanks. It is not stored under pressure. It flows along a pipe to where it is needed.

Fuel B is stored under pressure in small cylinders. It is used by campers. Fuel C can be stored in sacks or bags.

(a) (i) Tick the correct box. Fuel A is a:

solid

liquid

gas 1 mark

Name a fuel which A could be ................1 mark

(ii) Tick the correct box. When fuel B comes out of the cylinder this is a:

solid

liquid

gas 1 mark

Name a fuel which B could be ................1 mark

(iii) Tick the correct box. Fuel C is a:

solid

liquid

gas 1 mark



Name a fuel which C could be ................1 mark

(b) Complete the statement to describe what happens when a fuel burns. Two waste products formed from burning fuels are

............. and ..............2 marks

Maximum 8 marks

Mark SchemeQ# 2/ M7. (a) D

1 (L3)(b) (i) solid

1 (L3)(ii) liquid

1 (L3)(c) (i) sedimentary

1 (L4)(ii) igneous

1 (L4)[5]

Q# 3/ M22. (a) any one from• it absorbed water• its mass or weight increasedaccept ‘it soaks up water’accept ‘the mass or weight of the graniteor marble did not increase or change’‘granite or marble did not change’ is insufficient

1 (L5)(b) (i) any one from• it would crack• it would crumble or break upaccept ‘the grains would move apart

1 (L5)(ii) • weatheringaccept ‘freeze-thaw’accept ‘erosion’

1 (L5)(c) any one from• granite would not react with acid rainaccept ‘granite or it is not affected by acid rain or acid’accept ‘granite would not erode or crumble or corrode’• marble reacts with acid rainaccept ‘marble is affected by acid rain or rain’accept ‘marble would erode’accept ‘rain or pollution might have acid in it‘granite does not react with air pollution’ is insufficientdo not accept ‘it would erode’

1 (L6)(d) (i) •

if all three lines are correct, award two marksif one or two lines are correct, award one markif more than one line is drawn from a name of a rock,do not credit that line

2 (L5)(ii) •

if all three lines are correct, award two marksif one or two lines are correct, award one markif more than one line is drawn from a name of a rock,do not credit that line

2 (L6)[8]

Q# 4/ M17. (a) any one from• pieces are broken off• the cliff is worn away• it crumblesaccept ‘erosion’

1 (L5)(b) (i) any one from• remains or impressions of plants or animals



which are very oldaccept ‘a plant or animal buried for thousands of years’• remains or impressions of plants or animals in a rockaccept ‘remains or impressions of plantsor animals or living things’

1 (L5)(ii) sedimentary

1 (L5)(c) (i) cooling of or crystallisation from magma or lava or molten rockaccept ‘from magma or lava’accept ‘from volcanoes’‘by heating’ is insufficient

1 (L5)(ii) any one from• they were formed in conditions where plantsor animals or living things could not exist• magma is too hot for plants or animals to survive

1 (L6)(iii) any one from• larger in graniteaccept ‘larger’ or ‘bigger’• smaller in basalt

1 (L6)[6]

Q# 5/ M14. (a) Both the line from the name of the rock to the method of formationand to the features of the rock must be correct for the mark.

3 (L6)Q# 6/ M1 (a) 121do not accept ‘120’

1 (L5)(b) (i) Q

1 (L5)(ii) S

1 (L5)(c) (i) 0 and 5both stages are required for the mark

1 (L5)(ii) 10 and 15both stages are required for the mark

1 (L5)[5]

Q# 7/ M17. (a) (i)

all three lines must be correct for the mark1 (L6)

(ii) evaporation: P1 (L5)

melting: R1 (L5)

(b) (i) liquid1 (L6)

]

Q# 8/ M13. (a) It melts or is meltingaccept ‘it starts to melt’ or ‘thaws’ or ‘turns to liquid’ or ‘changes state’do not accept ‘it is between solid and liquid’

1 (L5)(b) it is room temperatureaccept no more energy being put in’

1 (L5)(c) (i) They vibrate around fixed points Aif more than one box is labelled A, award no mark

1 (L6)(ii) They move past each other and are close together Cif more than one box is labelled C, award no markdisregard any ticks

1 (L6)(d) (i) Ice is less dense than water. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark

1 (L6)(ii) The molecules are further apart in ice than in water. if more than one box is ticked, award no mark

1 (L6)[6]

Q# 9/ M8. (b) (i) evaporating or boiling

1 (L6) melting

1 (L6) freezing

1 (L6)



condensing1 (L6)

(ii) A]

Q# 11/ M16. (a) • Earth: B• Sun: A• Moon: Canswers must be in the correct orderif all three answers are correct, award two marksif one or two answers are correct, award one mark

2 (L3)(b) any one from• weather forecastingaccept ‘to look at the weather’• communicationsaccept ‘telephone’ or ‘internet’• television or TV• spying• space telescopeaccept ‘Hubble telescope’accept ‘to find out more about the universe’• global positioning system or GPSaccept ‘navigation’accept ‘monitoring the Earth’accept ‘searching for meteors or comets’

1 (L4)(c) the Sun if more than one box is ticked, award no mark

1 (L3)(d) (i) point A marked halfway between 5.00 am and 1.00 pm

accept any point within the tolerances shown1 (L4)

(ii) 4 hours if more than one box is ticked, award no mark

1 (L4)(e) a curve below the printed line at all points

ignore arrowsthe line must start and finish on the horizondo not accept a curve which begins or finishesat the same points as the existing curve

1 (L4)[7]

Q# 12/ M11.

if more than one line is drawn from an observation,award no mark for that observation

4 (L5)[4]

Q# 13/ M19. (a) gravitational pull of the Sun or the Sun’s gravityaccept ‘gravity’accept ‘weight’

1 (L5)(b) any two from• its average speed is loweraccept ‘its speed is slower’ or ‘it travels more slowly’• for most of its orbit the Sun’s gravity is lessaccept ‘the pull of the Sun is weaker’ or ‘gravity is less’• its orbit is longeraccept ‘it travels further’ or ‘the orbit is bigger’• for most of its orbit it is further from the Sunaccept ‘it is further from the Sun’ or ‘further away’

2 (L6)(c) (i) light from the Sun

1 (L6)reflects off Pluto and Neptune or the planets or themaccept for two marks ‘sunlight reflects off them’award the second mark only for ‘the Sun reflects off the planets’

1(ii) any one from• it is smalleraccept ‘it is small’• it reflects less light• it absorbs more lightaccept ‘it is darker and smaller’do not accept ‘it is further away ( from the Earth) ‘



or ‘it is further from the Sun’do not accept ‘it is darker’

1 (L6)[6]

Q# 14/ M39. (a)

award a mark for each correct lineif more than four lines are drawn deduct one mark for each extra line

4(b) the Sun

1[5]

Q# 16/ M22. (a) (i) any two from• light from the Sundo not accept ‘light from the Sun and stars’• reflected from the moons’ surfacesdo not accept ‘the Sun reflects off the surface’• travels from the moons to the eyesaccept ‘they reflect sunlight’ for both marks

2 (L6)(ii) any one from• they reflect different amounts of lightaccept ‘they have different albedos’accept ‘some are dark’ or ‘they are different colours’• they are not the same sizeaccept ‘one could be partly in the shadow of Jupiteror another moon’

1 (L7)(b) 0.68the unit is not required for the markaccept answers from 0.65 to 0.70

1 (L7)(c) the Sunplanetsboth answers are required for the mark

1 (L6)[5]

Q# 17/ M5. (a) coal 1 (L3)

natural gas if more than two boxes are ticked, award no markdeduct one mark for each incorrectly ticked box

minimum mark zero1 (L3)

(b) any two from• soot or carbon• ash• smoke• sulphur dioxideaccept ‘sulphur’• carbon monoxide• oxides of nitrogenaccept ‘nitrogen oxide’accept ‘carbon dioxideaccept ‘lead’accept ‘acid rain’do not accept ‘greenhouse gases’ or ‘water’ or ‘gas’

2 (L3)(c) any two from• geothermal• wind• solaraccept ‘Sun’• running wateraccept ‘hydro’ or ‘HEP’ or ‘water power’• tidaldo not accept ‘water’• wavesaccept ‘nuclear’ or ‘uranium’

2 (L3)[6]

Q# 18/ M13. (a)

if more than one line is drawn from either method,award no mark for that method

2 (L3)(b) (i) no lightaccept ‘no rays from the Sun’do not accept ‘no heat from the Sun’accept ‘no sunshine’accept ‘not enough light’accept ‘it is dark’accept ‘they cannot collect the Sun’s energy at night’accept ‘because they need light to work’



accept ‘no Sun’1 (L3)

(ii) it might not be windy the wind might not be strong enoughaccept ‘no wind’accept ‘needs air movement’ or ‘wind’accept ‘sometimes the wind is weak’accept ‘sometimes the wind is stronger’

1 (L3)[4]

Q# 19/ M18. (a) • coal1 (L4)

• gasaccept ‘coal fire’ or ‘A’accept ‘gas boiler’ or ‘D’answers may be in either orderaccept ‘petrol’ or ‘petrol generator’ or ‘C’ or ‘oil’answer may be in either order‘fire’ is insufficient‘boiler’ is insufficient ‘generator’ is insufficient

1 (L4)(b) (i) • the Sunaccept ‘solar energy’ or ‘solar’accept ‘light’ or ‘sunlight’references to heat are insufficient

1 (L4)(ii) any one from• it is dark• no light• the Sun has setaccept ‘it needs light’accept ‘no Sun’references to heat are insufficient

1 (L3)(c) • windaccept ‘moving air’ or ‘air’accept ‘air currents’

1 (L3)(d) any one from• Sun or solar energy• waves• windaccept ‘solar panel’ or ‘E’accept ‘wave turbine’ or ‘F’accept ‘wind turbine’ or ‘turbine’ or ‘B’‘water’ is insufficient

1 (L4)[6]

Q# 20/ M21. (a) walls1 (L3)

(b) (i) roof1 (L3)

(ii) any one from• it now loses 700 (J)accept ‘it is only 700’‘it is 700’ is insufficient• the energy is less (than before)accept ‘it was 3 400 (J)’• the energy or heat is different

accept ‘it has gone down’• all the others do not changeaccept ‘insulation reduces heat loss’‘insulation keeps heat in’ is insufficient

1 (L4)(c) (i) coal‘solid’ is insufficient‘25 000 J’ is insufficient

1 (L4)(ii) it is a gasaccept ‘physical state’

1 (L4)(iii) no sulphur dioxide (is given off)accept ‘it says no in the sulphur dioxide column’do not accept ‘it has no sulphur dioxide in it’accept ‘there is no sulphur in it’

1 (L4)[6]

Q# 21/ M4. (a) one mark is for storing energy by photosynthesis; the other markis for the formation of oil from living things living things use energy from the Sun to growaccept ‘plants and animals store energy from the Sun’

1 (L5) oil is formed from the remains of living thingsaccept ‘oil is made of dead animals or plants’

1 (L5)(b) (i) because it cannot be replaced once it is used or because ittakes a long time to formdo not accept ‘you cannot use it over and over again’or ‘it cannot be recycled’

1 (L6)(ii) coal

1 (L5) natural gas

1 (L5)if more than two boxes are ticked, deductone mark for each incorrectly ticked boxminimum mark zero

[5]

Q# 22/ M7. (a) answers must give a definition of biomass and not just provideexamplesmaterial from living things or plant matter

1 (L6)(b) the Sunaccept ‘sunlight’ or ‘the Big Bang’do not accept ‘light’ or ‘photosynthesis’

1 (L6)(c) coaloilnatural gas or methaneanswers may be in any orderall three fossil fuels are required for the markaccept ‘gas’ for natural gas



accept ‘peat’ as one of the three fossil fuels1 (L5)

(d) they cannot be replaced or no more can be producedaccept ‘they get used up’do not accept ‘they cannot be used again’

1 (L6)(e) (i) any one from• it is renewable• it is widely availableaccept ‘you can grow more of it’accept ‘it will conserve fossil fuels’do not accept ‘it is cheaper to produce’

1 (L6)(ii) any one from• it takes up less space• it is more suitable for use in vehicles• it contains more energy per unit massaccept ‘it is more concentrated’accept ‘it can be transported more easily’

1 (L6)(iii) any one from• pollution• they release greenhouse gasesaccept a specific example of a pollutanteg. ’carbon dioxide is released’

1 (L6)[7]

Q# 23/ M2. (a) any two from• oil accept ‘petrol• gas• uranium or nuclearaccept ‘geothermal’ or ‘peat’do not accept ‘fossil fuel’ or ‘coal’

2(b) can be grown or more trees can be plantedaccept ‘can be replaced’ do not accept ‘can be used again’ or ‘can be recycled’

1(c) any two from• wind• wave do not accept ‘water’• tidal• solar accept ‘the Sun’ or ‘sunlight’• biomass or a stated biomass, such as strawaccept ‘alcohol’ do not accept ‘wood’accept ‘hydroelectric’accept ‘geothermal’ unless used as the answer to (a)do not accept ‘nuclear’

2(d) any one from

• thermal accept ‘heat’• radiant• light

1[6]

Q# 24/ M1. energy source directly from the Sun indirectly from the Sun not from the Sunnuclear * hydro-electric * solar * geothermal * oil *

if more than one box is ticked in any rowaward no mark for that row

[5]

Q# 25/ M14. (a) (i) liquidif more than one box is ticked award no markaccept ‘A’ in the liquid box instead of a tick

1 petrol or oil or dieselaccept a brand nameor paraffin or kerosene

1(ii) gasif more than one box is ticked award no markaccept ‘B’ in the gas box instead of a tick

1 gas or natural gas or caloraccept a brand namegas or butane or propane do not accept ‘hydrogen’ or methane or camping gaz

1 solidif more than one box is ticked award no markaccept ‘C’ in the solid box instead of a tick

1 coal or coke or wood or charcoalaccept a brand name or ‘peat’

1(b) any two from• carbon dioxide• water accept ‘steam’• smoke accept ‘soot’• ash• gases accept ‘fumes’• sulphur dioxide accept ‘nitrogen oxides’• carbon monoxidedo not accept ‘heat’ or ‘energy’ or ‘lead’

2[8]

Translation of the Questions:Q7。该图显示了悬崖上四个不同的沉积岩层。



（a）A，B，C或 D哪一层可能是最古老的？..1分（b）岩浆冷却时形成火成岩。从以下单词中选择以完成下面的句子。气液态金属固体（i）火成岩是一种...1分（二）岩浆是一个....1分（c）按照其形成的方式将岩石分组。这些组是火成岩，变质岩和沉积岩。（一）砂岩属于哪一组？....1分（二）在哪个组里没有发现化石？....1分最多 5分Q22。（一）海伦称重三块岩石，并浸泡在水中。第二天，她再次称重。她的结果如下所示。有很多小空间的岩石被描述为多孔的。在桌子里有什么证据表明砂岩是多孔的，但花岗岩和石灰岩是多孔的大理石不是多孔的？。1分（d）（i）从下面每块岩石的名字画一条线到它的岩石组属于。（ii）从下面的每一组岩石画出一条线，直到这组岩石被形成了。 4分Q17。（a）多年来，悬崖可能受风化影响。描述风化在悬崖上的一个影响。。1分（b）照片显示了一块砂岩。（一）照片中的砂岩含有化石。什么是化石？。1分（二）砂岩属于哪一类岩石？..1分（c）花岗岩和玄武岩是火成岩。它们含有水晶，但没有化石。（一）火成岩是如何形成的？。1分（二）解释为什么火成岩不含化石。。1分（三）花岗岩比玄武岩花费的时间要长得多。花岗岩中的晶体大小与玄武岩中的晶体大小有什么不同？

。1分最多 6个标记Q14。（a）表格给出了三种不同岩石的名称以及它们如何分类。在下面的表格中，画出线条，将每块岩石的名称与岩石形成的描述相关联，然后描述岩石的特征。 3分Q1将-20℃下的一些碎冰放入烧杯中。将温度计放入冰中，轻轻加热烧杯 15分钟。图表显示了 15分钟内温度计上的读数是如何变化的。（a）15分钟内烧杯内的温度变化多少？.. C1分（b）图上的哪个字母显示：（一）当冰融化？。1分（ii）当水沸腾时...1分（c）在实验过程中，将烧杯及其内容物迅速从热源中取出，并在下列时间称重。在 0分钟在 5分钟在 10分钟在 15分钟（i）你预计哪两次平衡的读数是相同的？...分钟和....分钟1分（二）这两次之间的烧杯内容的质量变化最快？...分钟和....分钟1分Q17。（a）甲烷可以是气体，液体或固体。在下图中，箭头 P，Q，R和 S代表状态的变化。右边的框表示三种不同物理状态下的甲烷颗粒的排列。每个圆代表一个甲烷的粒子。（i）从每一种甲烷的物理状态画出一条线，直到在该物理状态下的粒子排列。只画三条线。1分（ii）箭头 P，Q，R和 S表示状态的变化。哪个箭头代表：蒸发？ .... 融化？ ...2分（b）甲烷是天然气中的主要化合物。下面的比例显示了熔点和甲烷的沸点。甲烷有三种物理状态：固体，液体和气体。（i）-170°C下甲烷的物理状态是什么？。1分



Q13。将碎冰的试管从冷冻机中取出并放置在温暖的房间中。该图显示了试管中的温度如何变化。（a）B阶段发生了什么事？..1分（b）为什么水的温度在 23℃（阶段 D）停止上升？..1分（c）分子可以移动的四种方式在下面给出。他们围绕固定点振动。他们经过彼此并靠近在一起。他们直线移动，偶尔碰撞。他们都以相同的速度向相同的方向移动。（一）分子如何在阶段 A移动？在上面的正确方框中写入 A.1分（ii）分子在 C阶段如何移动？把 C写在上面的正确方框中。1分（d）将冷冻机中的冰在室温下放入一杯水中。冰浮在水面上。（二）水浮在水中的事实告诉Q13。将碎冰的试管从冷冻机中取出并放置在温暖的房间中。该图显示了试管中的温度如何变化。（a）B阶段发生了什么事？..1分（b）为什么水的温度在 23℃（阶段 D）停止上升？..1分（c）分子可以移动的四种方式在下面给出。他们围绕固定点振动。他们经过彼此并靠近在一起。他们直线移动，偶尔碰撞。他们都以相同的速度向相同的方向移动。（一）分子如何在阶段 A移动？在上面的正确方框中写入 A.1分（ii）分子在 C阶段如何移动？把 C写在上面的正确方框中。1分（d）将冷冻机中的冰在室温下放入一杯水中。冰浮在水面上。（二）水浮在水中的事实告诉我们一些关于分子之间的距离。用正确的语句打勾。冰中的分子比水中的分子更远。分子在冰上和水中的距离相同。冰中的分子比水中的分子更接近。1分Q8。（b）下图显示了气体，固体和液体中的颗粒。每个箭头 A，B，C和 D代表状态的改变。（i）从下面的文字中选择完成下面的句子。沸腾凝结蒸馏蒸发过滤冷冻融化状态 A的改变被称为......................................................。状态 B的更改称为......................................................

状态 C的改变被称为......................................................。状态 D的改变称为......................................................。4分Q16。下图显示了地球，太阳，月球和人造卫星。（a）图中哪些字母表示地球，太阳和月亮？地球 ....太阳 ....月亮 ....2分（b）一次使用卫星。。1分（c）以下哪一项是光源？勾选正确的框。地球的月亮太阳一颗卫星1分（d）曲线显示夏季有一天，英格兰从日出到日落的太阳在天空中的路径。（i）在曲线上，在上午 9点标记太阳的位置。标注这一点 A.1分（ii）太阳似乎从 B点移到 C点这需要几个小时？勾选正确的框。2小时 6小时4小时 8小时1分（e）在上面的图表中，绘制日出日落至冬季日落的路径。1分最多 7个标记Q11。下面显示的每个观察都有一个解释。从每个观察画出一条直线到正确的解释。最多 4分 Q19。下图显示了海王星，冥王星和地球的轨道。在两点 A和 B，海王星和冥王星的轨道相互交叉。不按比例（a）什么力量使行星绕太阳运行？...1分（b）给出两个理由，让冥王星有更多的时间比海王星绕太阳旋转。1. ...2. ...2分（三）（一）汤姆可以看到太阳，因为它是一个光源。它发出了自己的光芒。海王星和冥王星不是光源，但是当他通过望远镜看时，汤姆可以看到它们。解释为什么汤姆能够看到海王星和冥王星，即使他们不是光源。。。



2分（ii）在 A点和 B点之间，冥王星比海王星离地球更近。汤姆注意到，即使冥王星比海王星更接近地球，冥王星也不如海王星那么明亮。给出一个原因，为什么冥王星不如海王星光明。。1分 Q39我们的太阳系由绕太阳旋转的行星组成。其中一些行星有卫星。（a）通过画线加以填写，完成四项陈述。 4分（b）给出太阳系中恒星的名字。。1分最多 5分Q22。 1610年，意大利科学家伽利略（Galileo）在木星附近观察到四个明亮的卫星。每个晚上的卫星移动。（一）（一）太阳和星星是光源，行星是由反射光看到的。解释我们如何看待木星的卫星。。。2分（二）四颗卫星距地球大约相同的距离。但是，它们不具有相同的亮度。为此建议一个原因。。1分（b）表格显示四颗卫星离木星中心的距离及其轨道的时间。欧罗巴的距离已被排除在外。该图是使用表中的信息绘制的。Q22。 1610年，意大利科学家伽利略（Galileo）在木星附近观察到四个明亮的卫星。每个晚上的卫星移动。（一）（一）太阳和星星是光源，行星是由反射光看到的。解释我们如何看待木星的卫星。。。2分（二）四颗卫星距地球大约相同的距离。但是，它们不具有相同的亮度。为此建议一个原因。。1分（b）表格显示四颗卫星离木星中心的距离及其轨道的时间。欧罗巴的距离已被排除在外。该图是使用表中的信息绘制的。用图表估算木星距离木星的距离。百万公里1分（c）伽利略意识到木星及其卫星构成了我们太阳系的模型。在这个模型中：木星代表什么？。

月亮代表什么？ ...1分最多 5分2分Q5。（一）许多物质燃烧。其中一些被用作燃料。一些燃料在发电站被烧毁发电。用发电站中最常发生的两种燃料来打勾。 2分（b）燃烧的燃料会污染空气。燃烧时给两种污染环境的物质。1。2。2分（c）有些发电站不燃烧燃料。他们利用其他能源来发电。给两种不是燃料和用于发电的能源。1。2。2分最多 6个标记Q13。图中显示了马克的房子。他用三种方法发电。（a）从以下两种方法中的每一种方法画出一条直线到用于发电的主要能源。只画两条线。 2分（二）（一）太阳能电池不能在晚上工作。给出原因。............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（ii）风力发电机一直不能发电。给出原因。............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记Q18。下面的图表显示了六种提供能量的方式。（a）从附图中，给出两种化石燃料的名称。1. ..2. ..2分（b）（i）太阳能电池板的能源来源是什么？。1分（ii）为什么太阳能板不能在晚上工作？。1分（c）什么使得图 B中涡轮机的叶片转动？..1分（d）可再生能源不会耗尽。从图纸中，给出一个不会耗尽的能源。............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记Q21。（a）下面的图表显示了每秒钟从房子的不同部分损失多少热量。上面哪个房子的哪部分热量最多？............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记



（b）部分房屋是隔热的，以减少热量损失。如下所示。（i）房屋的哪一部分被隔绝了？............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（ii）解释你的答案。............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（c）下表给出了三种可用于加热房屋的化石燃料的信息。（i）当 1克燃烧时，表中哪些燃料释放最少的能量？. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（ii）甲烷可以被压缩。表中的哪些信息显示甲烷可以被压缩？. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（三）二氧化硫造成酸雨。用这张表来解释为什么燃烧的甲烷不会产生酸雨。. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记Q4。石油是一种重要的能源资源。它提供了大约 38％用于运输，加热和发电的能源。（a）储存在石油中的能量来自太阳。描述太阳的能量如何储存在石油中。。。2分（b）（i）石油可被描述为不可再生能源。解释为什么。............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（ii）用另外两种不可再生能源打勾。煤风太阳能潮汐天然气波2分Q7。化石燃料被用来发电，但是世界上一半以上的人口都使用生物质作为燃料。（a）什么是用作燃料的“生物质”？. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（b）生物质和化石燃料都是能源。这种能量的来源是什么？. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（d）化石燃料通常被称为不可再生能源。解释为什么他们被称为“不可再生”。. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（e）燃烧不同燃料有利有弊。（i）提供使用生物质而不是化石燃料作为能源的一个好处。. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（ii）利用化石燃料而不是生物质作为能源。. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（三）使用化石燃料和生物质的一个缺点。. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记Q2。煤炭是一种不可再生的能源资源。（a）提供另外两种不可再生的能源资源。1. ..2. ..2分

木材是一种可再生能源。（b）为什么木材可以被描述为可再生能源？. ............ ......... .. ......... .. 1标记（c）提供另外两种可再生能源资源。1. ..2. ..2分（d）完成下面的陈述来描述木材燃烧时会发生什么情况。当木材燃烧时，木材中的化学能被转化转化成能量，转移到周围环境。1分Q1。能源来自各种来源。完成下表。第一个已经为你完成了。能量之源能量源直接来自太阳间接来自太阳不是来自太阳核水电太阳能地热油 5分Q14。这个问题是关于三种不同的燃料，A，B和 C.•燃料 A储存在储罐中。它没有储存在压力下。它沿着管道流向需要的地方。•燃料 B在压力下储存在小气瓶中。它被营员使用。•燃料 C可以储存在麻袋或袋子里。（a）（i）勾选正确的方框。燃料 A是：固体液体加油站1分命名 A可能是的燃料。1分（ii）勾选正确的方框。当燃料 B从汽缸中出来时，这是一个：固体液体加油站1分命名 B可能的燃料。1分（iii）勾选正确的方框。燃料 C是：固体液体加油站1分命名 C可能的燃料。



1分（b）完成陈述，描述燃料燃烧时会发生什么情况。燃烧燃料形成的两种废物是

。和。2分最多 8个标记



Name

Translation Mark SchemeQ＃2 / M7。（广告1（L3）（b）（i）固体1（L3）（ii）液体1（L3）（c）（i）沉积1（L4）（ii）火成1（L4）[5]Q＃3 / M22。（a）任何一个来自•它吸收水分•质量或重量增加接受'它吸取水'接受“花岗岩的质量或重量或大理石没有增加或改变'“花岗岩或大理石没有改变”是不够的1（L5）（b）（i）任何一个来自它会破解它会崩溃或分手接受'谷物会分开1（L5）（ii）风化接受“冻融”接受“侵蚀”1（L5）（c）任何一个来自•花岗岩不会与酸雨反应接受'花岗岩或不受酸雨或酸的影响'接受'花岗岩不会腐蚀或崩溃或腐蚀'•大理石与酸雨反应接受“大理石受酸雨或雨水影响”接受'大理石会腐蚀'接受“下雨或污染可能有酸“花岗石不与空气污染反应”是不够的不要接受'会腐蚀'1（L6）（d）（i）•如果三条线都是正确的，就奖励两个分数如果一行或两行是正确的，则授予一个标记如果从岩石名称中划出多条线，不要信任这条线2（L5）（ii）•如果三条线都是正确的，就奖励两个分数如果一行或两行是正确的，则授予一个标记如果从岩石名称中划出多条线，不要信任这条线2（L6）[8]Q＃4 / M17。（a）任何一个来自•件被中断•悬崖被磨损了•它崩溃了

接受“侵蚀”1（L5）（b）（i）任何一个来自•遗留下来或印象很旧的植物或动物接受“埋藏数千年的植物或动物”•岩石中的植物或动物的遗迹或印象接受“遗体或植物的印象或动物或生物“1（L5）（ii）沉积1（L5）（c）（i）从岩浆或熔岩或熔岩中冷却或结晶接受“来自岩浆或熔岩”接受'火山''加热'是不够的1（L5）（ii）任何一个来自•它们是在植物的条件下形成的或者动物或者生物不可能存在•岩浆太热，无法生存植物或动物1（L6）（iii）任何一个来自•花岗岩较大接受“较大”或“较大”•玄武岩较小1（L6）[6]Q＃5 / M14。（a）从岩石的名字到形成的方法并且对岩石的特征必须是正确的。3（L6）Q＃6 / M1（a）121不要接受'120'1（L5）（b）（i）问1（L5）（ii）S1（L5）（c）（i）0和 5商标需要两个阶段1（L5）（ii）10和 15商标需要两个阶段1（L5）[5]Q＃7 / M17。（a）（i）所有三行必须正确的标记1（L6）（ii）蒸发：P1（L5）熔化：R1（L5）（b）（i）液体1（L6）]Q＃8 / M13。（a）融化或融化接受“开始融化”或“融化”或“变成液体”或“改变状态”不接受“固体与液体之间”



1（L5）（b）是室温接受没有更多的精力放在'1（L5）（c）（i）它们围绕固定点 A振动如果不止一个盒子被标记为 A，则不授予标记1（L6）（二）他们走过去，彼此靠近如果不止一个箱子被标记为 C，则不给予标记无视任何蜱虫1（L6）（d）（一）冰比水密度小。如果勾选了多个框，则不给予标记1（L6）（ii）分子在冰中比在水中分开更远。如果勾选了多个框，则不给予标记1（L6）[6]Q＃9 / M8。（b）（i）蒸发或沸腾1（L6）融化1（L6）冷冻1（L6）冷凝1（L6）（ii）]问题 11 / M16。（a）•地球：B•太阳：A•月亮：C答案必须是正确的顺序如果这三个答案都是正确的，那就奖励两个分数如果有一两个答案是正确的，就给一个标记2（L3）（b）任何一个来自• 天气预报接受'看看天气'•通讯接受“电话”或“互联网”•电视或电视•间谍•太空望远镜接受'哈勃望远镜'接受'了解更多关于宇宙的信息'•全球定位系统或 GPS接受“导航”接受“监测地球”接受“寻找流星或彗星”1（L4）（c）太阳如果勾选了多个框，则不给予标记1（L3）（d）（i）A点标记在上午 5点至下午 1点之间接受所示公差内的任何一点1（L4）（ii）4小时如果勾选了多个框，则不给予标记1（L4）（e）在所有点上的打印线下的曲线

忽略箭头线路必须在地平线上开始和结束不要接受开始或结束的曲线与现有曲线相同1（L4）[7]问题 12 / M11。如果从观察中得出多于一条的线，对这一观察不予评论4（L5）[4]问题 13 / M19。（a）太阳的引力或太阳的引力接受'重力'接受“体重”1（L5）（b）来自任何两个•平均速度较低接受“速度慢”或“行进速度慢”•在大部分的轨道上，太阳的重力都比较小接受“太阳的拉弱”或“重力少”•它的轨道更长接受“它进一步旅行”或“轨道更大”•它的大部分轨道离太阳更远接受“离太阳更远”或“更远”2（L6）（三）（一）来自太阳的光1（L6）反射出冥王星和海王星或行星或他们接受两个标志“阳光反射”授予第二个标志只为'太阳反射星球'1（ii）任何一个来自•它更小接受'小'•它反射较少的光线•它吸收更多的光线接受“它是更黑暗和更小”不接受“离地球更远”或“离太阳更远”不要接受“这是黑暗的”1（L6）[6]Q＃14 / M39。（一个）为每一条正确的线路授予一个标记如果多于四条线被扣除每个额外的一个标记4（b）太阳1[5]Q＃16 / M22。（a）（i）任何两个来自•来自太阳的光线不要接受'太阳和星星的光'•从月亮表面反射回来不要接受“阳光反射的表面”•从卫星到眼睛接受'他们反射阳光'为这两个标记2（L6）（ii）任何一个来自•它们反射不同的光量



接受'他们有不同的反照率'接受“有些是黑暗的”或“他们是不同的颜色”•它们的大小不一样接受“可以部分在木星的阴影中或另一个月亮'1（L7）（b）0.68该单位不是标志所必需的接受从 0.65到 0.70的答案1（L7）（c）太阳行星这两个答案是必需的商标1（L6）[5]Q＃17 / M5。（一）煤炭1（L3）天然气如果勾选了两个以上的框，则不授予标记为每个不正确勾选的框减去一个标记最小标记为零1（L3）（b）来自任何两个•烟灰或碳•灰•冒烟• 二氧化硫接受'硫磺'• 一氧化碳•氮氧化物接受'氮氧化物'接受'二氧化碳接受'领先'接受“酸雨”不要接受“温室气体”或“水”或“气”2（L3）（三）任何两个从•地热•风•太阳能接受'太阳'•流水接受“水电”或“HEP”或“水电”•潮汐不要接受'水'• 波浪接受“核”或“铀”2（L3）[6]Q＃18 / M13。（一个）如果从两种方法中抽取多条线，对该方法不予评分2（L3）（b）（i）没有照明接受'没有太阳的光芒'不要接受“太阳没有热量”接受“没有阳光”接受“不够光”接受“这是黑暗的”接受'他们不能在晚上收集太阳的能量'

接受'因为他们需要光照'接受“不要太阳”1（L3）（ii）风也许不够强风接受“无风”接受'需要空气运动'或'风'接受“有时候风很弱”接受“有时风更强”1（L3）[4]Q＃19 / M18。（一）•煤炭1（L4）• 加油站接受“煤火”或“A”接受“燃气锅炉”或“D”答案可以是任何顺序接受'汽油'或'汽油发电机'或'C'或'油'答案可能是以任何一种顺序“火”不够“锅炉”不足“发电机”不足1（L4）（b）（i）•太阳接受“太阳能”或“太阳能”接受“光”或“阳光”提到热量不足1（L4）（ii）任何一个来自•天黑了• 无光•太阳已经落下了接受'需要光'接受“不要太阳”提到热量不足1（L3）（c）•风接受“移动空气”或“空气”接受“气流”1（L3）（d）任何一个来自•太阳能或太阳能• 波浪•风接受“太阳能电池板”或“E”接受“波轮”或“F”接受“风力涡轮机”或“涡轮”或“B”“水”不足1（L4）[6]Q＃20 / M21。（a）墙壁1（L3）（b）（i）屋顶1（L3）（ii）任何一个来自•现在损失 700（J）接受'它只有 700'“700是不够的”•能量少（比以前）接受'是 3 400（J）'•能量或热量是不同的



接受'已经下降'•所有其他人不会改变接受'绝缘减少热量损失'“隔热保温”不足1（L4）（三）（一）煤“坚实”是不够的'25 000 J'是不够的1（L4）（ii）它是一种气体接受“身体状态”1（L4）（三）没有二氧化硫（放弃）接受'它说在二氧化硫栏没有'不要接受'它里面没有二氧化硫'接受'没有硫磺'1（L4）[6]

Q＃21 / M4。（a）一个标志是通过光合作用储存能量;另一个标记是为了从生物形成石油生物利用来自太阳的能量来增长接受“植物和动物从太阳存储能量”1（L5）石油是从生物的遗体中形成的接受'石油是由死亡的动物或植物'1（L5）（二）（一）因为一旦它被使用或因为它不能被替换需要很长时间才能形成不要接受'你不能一遍又一遍'或“它不能被回收”1（L6）（二）煤炭1（L5）天然气1（L5）如果勾选了两个以上的框，则扣除每个不正确勾选的框都有一个标记最小标记为零[5]问题 22 / M7。（a）答案必须给出生物量的定义，而不仅仅是提供例子来自生物或植物物质的材料1（L6）（b）太阳接受“阳光”或“大爆炸”不要接受“光”或“光合作用”1（L6）（三）煤炭油天然气或甲烷答案可以以任何顺序所有三种化石燃料都是标记所必需的接受天然气“天然气”接受“泥炭”作为三种化石燃料之一1（L5）（d）不能更换或不能生产

接受'他们已经用完'不要接受'他们不能再使用'1（L6）（e）（i）任何一个来自•它是可再生的•它是广泛可用的接受'你可以增长更多'接受'它将保存化石燃料'不要接受'生产便宜'1（L6）（ii）任何一个来自•占用更少的空间•更适合在车辆中使用•每单位质量含有更多的能量接受'更集中'接受'它可以更容易地运送'1（L6）（iii）任何一个来自•污染•他们释放温室气体接受一个污染物的具体例子例如。 “二氧化碳释放”1（L6）[7]Q＃23 / M2。（一）任何两个从•油接受汽油• 加油站•铀或核接受“地热”或“泥炭”不接受“化石燃料”或“煤炭”2（b）可以种植或种植更多的树木接受'可以被替换'不接受'可以再使用'或'可以回收'1（三）任何两个从•风•波不接受“水”•潮汐•太阳能接受“太阳”或“阳光”•生物质或规定的生物质，如稻草接受“酒”不接受“木”接受“水电”除非用作（a）的答案，否则接受“地热”不要接受“核”2（d）任何一个来自•热接受“热”•容光焕发•轻1[6]Q＃24 / M1。太阳的能量来源直接来自太阳，而不是来自太阳核 *水电*太阳能*地热*油 *



如果在任何一行中勾选了多个框不奖励该行的标志[5]Q＃25 / M14。（a）（i）液体如果不止一个盒子被选中，则奖励无标记在液体盒中接受'A'而不是蜱1 汽油或石油或柴油接受一个品牌名称或石蜡或煤油1（ii）气体如果不止一个盒子被选中，则奖励无标记在气瓶中接受'B'而不是打勾1 天然气或热量接受一个品牌名称气体或丁烷或丙烷不要接受“氢”或甲烷或露营煤气1 固体如果不止一个盒子被选中，则奖励无标记在坚实的盒子里接受“C”，而不是打勾1 煤或焦炭或木材或木炭接受品牌名称或“泥炭”1（b）来自任何两个• 二氧化碳•水接受“蒸汽”•吸烟“煤烟”•灰•气体接受“烟雾”•二氧化硫接受“氮氧化物”• 一氧化碳不要接受“热”或“能量”或“引导”2[8]



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