- solar pv technology-...renewable energy in south africa 3. solar resource 4. solar pv...

SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved – SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reservedSUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd All rights reserved

Outline of Renewable Energy in South Africa.

- Solar PV Technology-

1

SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved – SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reservedSUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd All rights reserved 2

1. What is Renewable Energy

2. Renewable Energy in South Africa

3. Solar Resource

4. Solar PV Technologies, Efficiencies and

Energy Payback Period

5. Different Solar PV systems

6. Energy Storage Options

Content


Renewable Energy Definition

3

Source: RENAC Co-benefits online Training: 2020)

Characteristics of renewables that are often included in definitions are:

•Renewables are distinct from depleting (fossil) resources such as coal, oil or

gas

•Renewable sources of energy are thought to have an infinite supply

•The rate at which renewable energy is replenished is higher than that it is

consumed

•Renewables are associated with fewer environmental impacts (reduced

greenhouse gas emissions) and therefore incurs lower external costs or

damages as compared to fossil energy

•All renewables are derived in one way or another from solar radiation,

geothermal energy and tidal energy


Renewables in SA under REI4P

4

Source: Energyblog- energy.org.za, 2020


Renewables in SA: IRP 2019

5

Source: Integrated

Resource Plan 2019


Renewables Prices in SA

6

Source: CSIR Municipal Energy Transition Report, 2016, Note the graph shows 2016 Rand values


Renewables Prices in SA

7

Source: CSIR Formal Comments on the IRP 2016 Report, 2017, Note the graph shows 2016 Rand values


Solar Irradiation - South Africa

8

Figure 4:. GeoModel Solar Releases Most Detailed Solar Resource Maps for South Africa (GeoModel Solar 2012)


Solar Irradiation - Germany

9

Figure 5: Solar radiation map: SolarGIS (GeoModel Solar 2011)


Irradiation on inclined surface in South Africa

Guideline


PV Module Production by Region

11

Source : PV Module production by Region (Fraunhofer PV Report 2020)


Global Cumulative PV installed

(On and off-grid)

12

Source : Global Cumulative PV installed (Fraunhofer PV Report 2020)


Global Cumulative PV installed

(On and off-grid)

13

Source : Worldwide PV Technology Production (Fraunhofer PV Report 2020)


Efficiencies and power of

commercial PV modules

14

Source : Current Efficiencies and power of PV modules (Fraunhofer PV Report 2020)


Energy pay back times (EPBT) of

Silicon PV Rooftop Systems

Source : EPBT of Silicon PV Rooftop systems (Fraunhofer PV Report 2020)


Simple solar PV applications

16

Source: (PV GreenCard, Nemtek, Centurion, HiK vision and other))


Integrated PV applications

17

Source: (TU Delft Webinar on Urban Solar PV.,2020)


Grid tied system

18

AC OUT

Grid tied inverter

DC

Cannot function when grid is not available

kWh

meter

Grid

House

SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved – SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reservedSUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd All rights reserved 19

Factory load profile: Weekday

Source: Grid Tied System with Load Profile (Solar Training Centre)


Hybrid/Island system (DC Coupled)

20

Bi-directional inverter

Charge controller

Source: (Vitcron Energy 2015: 15)

kWh

meter

Local

Grid


Hybrid system (DC Coupled)

21

Souce: AC Load Profile with battery storage (PV GreenCard)


Energy Storage Options

Key aspects to consider for batteries:

• Cost, life cycle, maintenance and efficiency

Battery Technologies mainly used in SA

• Lead Acid

• Lithium Ion (New and Second life)

• Flow batteries

• Super Capacitors

22


PV GreenCard and Contact Details

Solar Training CentreOffice: North West University,

18 Calderbank Avenue

Potchefstroom, 2520

Cell: +27 (0)72 445 4002

Email: [email protected]

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/potchstc

Website: www.restc.co.za

23

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.facebook.com/potchstc

http://www.restc.co.za/

- solar pv technology-...renewable energy in south africa 3. solar resource 4. solar pv...

Documents