- sound. sound is a form of energy that travels through matter as waves
TRANSCRIPT
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Sound
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Sound is a form of energy that travels through matter as waves
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Sound waves travel more slowly than light wavesSpeed of light waves is 300 million m/s
Sound is 346 m/s
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• Sound does not travel in a vacuum like light!
• Sound travels fastest through a solid because
the particles of a solid are close together
• Sound travels slower through a liquid because the particles are spread out.
• Sound travels the slowest through air because
the particles in a gas are so far apart or spread out (just the opposite of light).
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Sound travels in waves like light!Crest – highest point of the waveTrough – lowest part of the wave
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Sound waves are measured according to:
Frequency the number of waves or vibrations in a specific unit of time
(like a second)
Wavelength measurement from the crest of one wave to another crest
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Vibration Back and forth movements of matter
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Waves are also measured by Amplitude
the difference between compressions and rarefactionsor the amount of energy in a wave
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Compression is the part of the wave where particles are pushed together
Greater air pressureRarefaction
is the part of the wave where there are fewer particles than normal.Lower air pressure
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Quality of Sound
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PitchMeasures highness or lowness of soundRelates to the frequency of the waves
High frequency is a high pitched sound
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PitchLow
frequency is a low pitched sound
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Pitch & AmplitudeHigh frequency = high sound (pitch)Low frequency = low sound (pitch)
Small amplitude = quiet soundLarge amplitude = loud sound
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Frequencies are measured in a unit called a hertz (Hz)Different animals can hear different ranges of hertz
Elephants can hear very low frequencies. They even communicate across many miles in a frequency so
low, humans can not hear them!
Bats and dolphins can hear very high frequencies!
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SONARSOund Navigation And Ranging
When animals use sonar, it is called Echolocation or biosonar .Just like the sonar that is used by humans, the animals use a
series of echoes to locate each other and find prey.
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Loudness!Decibel – Unit used to measure the volume or intensity of sound
Volume describes how loud or soft
Intensity is a measure of the energy of a sound wave
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Breathing 10 dB
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Perfect decibel for a classroom?????0!!!!!!!!!!! & to get fun Friday!
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Resonance or Timbre Quality of a musical tone
Who do you think has the best resonance?
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Temperature makes a difference to sound!
Hey, can’t you hear me?
No man, it’s too cold
where you are!
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Sound moves faster at higher temperatures!Particles of matter move faster at higher temperatures
because they take less time to collide and pass along the waves of energy.
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Ear Canal
Hammer
Anvil
Ear Drum Stirrup
Eustachian tube
Cochlea &Auditory Nerve
Semicircular canalMy what big ears you have!
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The EarEardrum is connected to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup
3 tiny bones that transmit vibrations
Auditory nerve – transmits information to brain
Eustachian tube – connects middle ear to the throat keeps even air pressure in your ear
Semi-circular canals – help you keep your balance
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Man, that’s some
vibration !!