- spe simplified series 2014-06-04 (wellbore survey simplified)

Ross LowdonJune 4th 2014

SPE Aberdeen SimplifiedSeries 2014

Demystifying Petroleum Engineering

Sponsored by Shell UK Limited

Ross LowdonJune 4th 2014



WELLBORE

SURVEY

SIMPLIFIEDKindly Sponsored by

Shell UK Limited

Agenda

Defining a survey

History of Wellbore surveying

Why do surveys matter?

Survey errors

Future of surveying

3

What is a Survey?

4

J-67I-67

A-67C-67

M-66

G-67

K-57

E-57

D-57

P-56O-66

P-66

J-66K-66

P-76

Wellbore

MD = lengthOf wellboreAlong path

TVD = Vertical depthIndependent

Of path

SURFACE LOCATIONstart point

DEPTHmeasured from a datum

INCLINATIONfrom vertical

AZIMUTHaligned to a North ref

D-66

Existing well

Currently drilling

Surface well location

Wellbore trajectories


Texas 1890s

Next door stealing oil

Prove it

Jam Jar acid level

5


1930 Photo Magnetic single shot

1930 Photo Gyroscopic survey

1980 Measurement While Drilling

1999 Gyro While Drilling

6

Survey Technologies

Magnetic

Robust and RT 5 second surveys

Poor reference

Affected by offset casing

Gyroscopic

Excellent Reference

Sensitive RT 2-7mins

Not affected by offset casing

7

Why Does a Wellbore Survey Matter

Avoiding wells collisions

Avoiding well control issues

Relief wells

Ensure you hit the your targets

LWD to reservoir model tie in

Reserves estimates

Legal requirements

8

The Value of Good Surveying Practice

Shorter gyro run $15K

Saved casing survey $125K

Production shut in $700K

Target sidetrack $23M

Dry well $25M

Major collision blowout $$$??

9

Avoiding other Wells

Well avoidance Complex and contradictory data

Managing the survey data

Poor data quality/missing data

Survey Management Ensuring data accuracy

Ensuring reserves estimates

Ensuring HSE

10

Lateral MWD Survey Errors

Main = Bm Crustal = Bc Disturbance = Bd DS interference = Bds

11

Improving Definition

BGGM 54 degree

HDGM 720 degree

MagVar 5,400 degree

12

Capturing the Crustal FieldAeromag or Marine

Aeromag schematic 3D mag cube

13

Optimising Lateral Survey Accuracy

Advanced survey QC

Local magnetic map

Multi-station correction

14

TVD Survey Errors

BHA misalignment

Mechanical and temperature pipe stretch

Survey frequency

Measurement error

15

MWD sensor aligned with wellbore axis

Tilted MWD sensor from wellbore axis

BHA Mis-alignment

What effect does it have?

Mechanical and Temperature Stretch

Steel expands with temperature and stress

Pipe stretch

VerticalTVD error

HorizontalMD error

1.3 m/1,000 m/100 degCthermal

Mechanical 1 m/1,000 mforce

Can be corrected

17

Survey Frequency

What is happening between

90 ft surveys?

Well placement issues

Reservoir modeling

Geo-steering

Log interpretation

Well engineering issues

Running casing

Completion flow modeling

ESP flow modeling

18

Sensor Errors

Inclination measurements 0.1

Industry standard

Gyro tools same specification

Calibrated

Capable of higher accuracy

19

TVD Optimisationis the Accuracy Real?Case Study

Use RSS + MWD D&I

EMS used to confirm MWD

LWD proved TVD

Captured stabilizer wear

Saved appraisal well

12 m TVD error at 12,5 km

1750

1760

1770

1780

1790

2,560 2,570 2,580 2,590 2,600 2,610

TV

D (

m)

2m

/ d

ivis

ion

Pressure

(2 psi/division)

Pre - Production Pressures(2 sigma +/- 6.2m)

well 1 pressures

pilot 2 pressures

well 2 pressures

well 3 pressures

well 4 pressures

well 5 pressures

well 6 pressures

well 7 pressures

(+/- 6.2m)

20

Future of Surveying

Combined magnetic and gyro tools

Real time inertial surveying

Hole curvature measurements

Autonomous drilling machines

21

Questions?

22

NEXT SIMPLIFIED SERIES PRESENTATION

Simplified Series is held every first Wednesdayof each calendar Month

Next Venue Wednesday July 2, 2014

Station Hotel Aberdeen (The Ballroom)

Russel Morrice North Sea Drilling Engineering Manager BP

Drilling Engineering Simplified

SPE Simplified Series




Organised by SPE Aberdeen Young Professionals

Contact us: [email protected]

or [email protected]

SPE Simplified Series


- spe simplified series 2014-06-04 (wellbore survey simplified)

Documents