sscg9: the student will explain the differences between the house of representatives and the senate,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Legislative Branch
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Standards:
SSCG9: The student will explain the differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate, with emphasis on terms of office, powers, organization, leadership, and representation of each house.
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1. Congress
Every two years all of the members of the House of Representatives and 1/3 of the Senators are elected.
This two year period between elections is called a “Congress.”
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2. Sessions
Two sessions per term/Congress Begin in January Joint Session: House of
Representatives and the Senate meet together.
Special Session: The President may call a special joint session of Congress even if they have adjourned (ended) for the year.
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3. Parties (Democrats and Republicans)
The political party that has the most members in each house is known as the majority party.
The political party that has fewer members is called the minority party.
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4. Bicameral
Two HousesSenate and the House of
Representatives
Two house system allows each house to ‘check’ the actions of the other and helps prevent Congress from passing laws in a hurry.
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5. House of Representatives
Membership The number of Representatives each
state can elect is based on the size of that state’s population.
Each state has at least 1 Representative. 435 total Representatives. Every 10 years, after the census is
taken, Congress determines how the seats in the House are to be apportioned, or distributed.
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Tom Graves: Republican
14th Congressional District in Georgia.
tomgraves.house.gov
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6. Requirements to be a Representative
Representatives must be:a) At least 25 years oldb) A U.S. citizen for at least 7 yearsc) A legal resident of the state they
represent
Serve 2 terms Elections are held in November of
each even-numbered year.
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7. Leader
Speaker of the House Elected from the majority party. Presiding officer of the house. No representative may speak until
called on, or recognized, by the Speaker.
Second in line of Presidential Succession.
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John Boehner: (R) Ohio
Speaker of the House
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8. Special Powers of the House of Representatives
Powers that only the House of Representatives has:
a) Begin impeachment proceedingsb) Initiate bills to raise money
(appropriation bills)c) Select president when no candidate
receives sufficient electoral votes
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9. Senate
Membership Each state is represented equally. 2 members per state. 100 senators total. Members are called senators.
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Johnny Isakson (R) and David Purdue (R): Georgia Senators
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10. Requirements to be a Senator
Senators must be:a) At least 30 years old.b) A U.S. Citizen for at least 9 years.c) A legal resident of the state they
represent.
Serve 6 year terms One third (1/3) of the Senate’s
membership comes up for election every two years in November.
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11. Leaders
Vice President According to the Constitution presides
over the Senate. Only votes to break a tie.
President Pro Tempore Fills in for the Vice President when
necessary. Third in line of presidential succession. Customarily the most senior senator in the majority party
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Joe Biden: (D) Vice President
Orrin Hatch: (R)President Pro Tempore
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12. Special Powers of the Senate
Powers that only the Senate has: Hold impeachment trials. Select the vice president when no
candidate has sufficient votes. Approve treaties. Approve high officials. (Cabinet
Members, Supreme Court Justices, and Ambassadors).