starter activity

‘The Railway Station’ (1862) by W.P.Frith was one of the most famous paintings of its day and is loosely based on Paddington

Station. Can you find the following:

•A woman trying to smuggle her dog onto the train

•A wedding party

•A wealthy foreign traveller is being harangued over a tip

•Soldiers embracing loved ones

•Boys being packed off top boarding school

•Haydon and Brett, two famous Scotland Yard detectives arrest a fugitive from the law

starter activity

‘The Railway Station’ by W.P.Frith. How did the railways increase crime? How did industrialisation cause more crimes to be

committed?

How did How did industrialisation industrialisation

lead to an increase lead to an increase in crime?in crime?

TBAT identify typical urban TBAT identify typical urban crimes & assess the impact of crimes & assess the impact of

industrialisation on crimeindustrialisation on crime

Learning objectives

Key words: eugenics

Your taskYour task

Study, Cumming p.43. Sort them Study, Cumming p.43. Sort them into these categories. Those whichinto these categories. Those which

blame criminals being naturally badblame criminals being naturally bad blame for society for making people blame for society for making people

into criminalsinto criminals If you think it is society, can you If you think it is society, can you

break this down into more specific break this down into more specific ‘factors’?‘factors’?

Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911), a first cousin of Charles Darwin, was an English social scientist who conducted extensive statistical studies of heredity in humans, and coined the term eugenics. He was also a key influence on the criminological development of biometric techniques, including fingerprinting. He is most renowned for his use of photography to help to identify of medical and criminological types.

How did Galton’s work help to track down crime? What was the danger of his work?

Your taskYour task Go on a tour of Victorian London. Around Go on a tour of Victorian London. Around

the class you’ll find information on the the class you’ll find information on the following taken from Neil Storey, ‘The following taken from Neil Storey, ‘The Victorian Criminal’Victorian Criminal’

BurglarBurglar Coiner, Coiner, FisherFisher SharperSharper Swell mobsmanSwell mobsman Pickpocket Pickpocket Garotter Garotter SnufferSnuffer Street walker – p.24-5Street walker – p.24-5

1. Note down the type of criminal and the key characteristics of their ‘work’2. In groups, decide which criminals posed the biggest threat to Victorian society3.Assess to what extent these criminals existed due to industrialisation

Henry Mayhew (1812-1887), journalist, social reformer, made an extensive study of the poverty in London in ‘The London Labour and the London Poor’ (1851). Study the categories of criminals he identified. Highlight those which arose due to industrialisation. What are the problems with his system of categorisation?

Your taskYour task

Read Whiting p.109-112 and note Read Whiting p.109-112 and note down examples of new crimes that down examples of new crimes that emerged as a result of emerged as a result of industrialisationindustrialisation

Note down ways in which Note down ways in which industrialisation helped to reduce industrialisation helped to reduce crimecrime

Your taskYour task

Study Tobias and note down how the Study Tobias and note down how the following features of industrial living following features of industrial living led to crime:led to crime:

Poverty (179-87)Poverty (179-87) Alcoholism (210-214)Alcoholism (210-214) Breakdown of traditional family Breakdown of traditional family

bonds (191-7)bonds (191-7) Over-crowding (208-210)Over-crowding (208-210)

Your task Which of theses

factors had the greatest impact on crime?

Poverty Alcoholism Breakdown of

family Over-crowding

Summarise the discussion in your own words

Extension task

Produce a factoid on Henry Mayhew. Examine these areas: His background London Labour and

the London Poor The impact of his

work

HomeworkHomework Read Clive Emsley ,‘Victorian Crime’ in History Review Read Clive Emsley ,‘Victorian Crime’ in History Review

(1998) and take note on these areas:(1998) and take note on these areas: Problems with criminal statisticsProblems with criminal statistics Why Victorians were concerned about crimeWhy Victorians were concerned about crime Emsley’s assessment of the ‘reality’ of Victorian crimeEmsley’s assessment of the ‘reality’ of Victorian crime

Read John Lee, ‘Crime & Industrialisation’ (2004) and take Read John Lee, ‘Crime & Industrialisation’ (2004) and take notes on these areas:notes on these areas: Reasons for the increase in crime in 1Reasons for the increase in crime in 1stst half of C19th half of C19th Impact of ‘rookeries’Impact of ‘rookeries’ Reasons for decrease in 2Reasons for decrease in 2ndnd half of C19th half of C19th Changes in types of crimesChanges in types of crimes

http://www.historytoday.com/clive-emsley/victorian-crimehttp://www.historytoday.com/clive-emsley/victorian-crime

Then, update your book logs!

PlenaryPlenary

Explain the link between Explain the link between industrialisation and crime?industrialisation and crime?

Which factor was most important Which factor was most important and why?and why?

What were some of the problems What were some of the problems with the evidence / interpretations?with the evidence / interpretations?