take your seat take our your warm-ups/timed writing terms test moved friday timed writing analyze...
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Wonderful Wednesday– Oct. 22nd
Take your seat Take our your Warm-Ups/Timed Writing Terms Test Moved Friday
Timed Writing
Analyze the political arguments in support of Divine Right and Absolutism
during the 17th century.
Today’s Agenda Timed Writing - Class Discussion
Interactive Notes – Absolutism in Central Europe
Homework:• Finish reading and terms
Absolutism in Eastern Europe
The Hapsburgs, Prussian and Romanov Empires
Focus Question
Explain the development of Absolutism in Eastern Europe. Which countries
become the most powerful and why?
Central and Eastern Europe
Economically less advanced than western Europe• Agrarian economy• No overseas empires • Little to no overseas trade
exception of grain Politically unstable region due to continual conflict
• Three Absolutist powers emerge1. Habsburg Austria 2. Prussia begins to merge with N.
Germany3. Imperial Russia – Romanov
Dynasty
Poland with no Central Authority
most Polish monarchs were foreigners and tools for foreign powers
Sejm or diet - a central legislative body• no real power• any single veto, liberum veto,
could stop a Sejm (exploding the diet)
Result = Poland disappears from map in 18th century
John III Sobieski at the Battle of Vienna
The Hapsburg Empire and the Pragmatic Sanction
Hapsburgs maintained the title of Holy Roman Emperor, but it no longer held the same power.
territories were geographically & culturally diverse = no real central government
empire increases under Leopold I, Joseph I, and Charles VI
• Pragmatic Sanction – Charles VI legal basis for a single line of inheritance within the Hapsburg dynasty putting his daughter Maria Theresa in charge
Frederick of Prussia invades Hapsburg Empire and puts Maria at risk in 1740
Prussia under the Hohenzollern Family
Frederick William, the Great Elector • raised taxes to build an army• Junkers could enforce serfdom• army and Elector become powerful
allies
Frederick William’s successors• William I, helps Hapsburgs in War of
Spanish Succession, becomes King of Prussia Frederick William I – most successful
Prussian leader symbol of power and unity, while staying
out of war• Frederick II or Great –
invaded Silesia starting long Austrian-Prussian rivalry
Quick-Write:
Looking at the maps to the left, explain why Prussia is
growing. Given that we know Prussia no longer
exists today, what do you think happens to this major
European power?
Russia – The Romanov Dynasty (1613-1917)
c The Romanov dynasty is established with Michael Romanov 17.
c The only Russian royal family lasted for 304 years!
Brought stability to Russia
Romanov Family Crest
DEMAGOGUE
The Pendulum of Russian History
Pro-WestFor Progress & ChangeEncourage New Ideas,
Technologies, etc.
Anti-WestIsolationistXenophobic
Ultra-Conservative
Most Tsars
Russian Orthodox Church
Military
Boyars
peasants
A few Tsars
Intellectual elites
Merchants/businessmen
Young members of the middle class.
REFORM-MINDEDLEADER
Think-Pair-Share
Why do you think this pendulum exists in Russian History? What makes it so different then these other European nations that it has this tradition of constantly
being behind?
Wonderful Wednesday– Oct. 22nd
Take your seat Take our your Warm-Ups/Timed
Writing Begin Precious Time
Precious Time
Work on anything you need to in your notebook
Today’s Agenda Precious Time
Review/Discuss Peter the Great
Discuss “Masters of the Universe”
Homework:• Finish Ch. 13 Notebook and TH Test
Period 2 Notebook Due tomorrow Period 4 Notebook Due Wednesday
Peter the Great – Early Years
Increased the size of the military and improved navy
The Great Northern War – defeats the Swedes and takes control of Estonia, Lithuania, parts of Finland
St. Petersburg –built in honor of himself with places forcibly built by the boyars that resembled small versions of Versailles• Window to the west
Peter the Great – Later Years
Bought the nobility and Russian Orthodox Church more closely under Tsar’s rule.
Table of Ranks – service to country became more important than lineage• Meritocracy based system
abolishes the patriarch and puts in its place the Holy Synod• Brings power of the church
under the Emperor 1725 – Peter dies and leaves
no successor as Russia becomes unstable
The Ottoman Government Dominant political power in
Muslim World after 1516 More religious tolerant than
Europe sultans governed their empire
through millets • officially recognized religious
communities
religious discrimination = Dhimmis
devshirme – Christian boys recruited and raised as Muslims and put into the military as infantry troops known as Janissaries • basically well treated slaves
The End of the Ottoman Empire
Unsuccessfully attempt to expand their empire into Europe.
the power of the main political figure the vizier grows and splits up the empire
Europe passes the Ottomans in learning, science, and military prowess = stronger European armies
Ottomans suffer military loses to the united European states and Russia losing land and revenue
Europe sees the Ottoman Empire as one in decline and Islam as an inferior religion
Map 13–5 THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN THE LATE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. By the 1680s the Ottoman Empire had reached its maximum extent, but the Ottoman failure to capture Vienna in 1683 marked the beginning of a long and inexorable decline that ended with the empire’s collapse after World War I.
Focus Question
Explain the development of Absolutism in Eastern Europe. Which countries
become the most powerful and why?