®

TASK TASK

Wei HongWei Hong

Phil BuonadonnaPhil Buonadonna

David GayDavid Gay

Sam MaddenSam Madden

Joe HellersteinJoe Hellerstein

Contributors:Contributors:David CullerDavid Culler

Todd Dawson Todd Dawson

Lakshman KrishnamurthyLakshman Krishnamurthy

Architecture & Deployments Architecture & Deployments

• 2 •

SensorNet DilemmaSensorNet Dilemma SensorNet deployments not intuitiveSensorNet deployments not intuitive

Programming & Asynchronous/distributed opsProgramming & Asynchronous/distributed ops Power ManagementPower Management Not accessible to larger industrial/scientific Not accessible to larger industrial/scientific

communitycommunity One-off applications widespreadOne-off applications widespread

Inhibits reuseInhibits reuse SensorNet PhD FactorSensorNet PhD Factor

Today ~2.5 PhDs needed to deploy a SensorNetToday ~2.5 PhDs needed to deploy a SensorNet Needs to be ZeroNeeds to be Zero

• 3 •

Design RequirementsDesign Requirements Ease of S/W InstallationEase of S/W Installation

Deployment toolsDeployment tools

ReconfigurabilityReconfigurability

Health/Mgmt MonitoringHealth/Mgmt Monitoring

Network Reliability Network Reliability GuaranteeGuarantee

Interpretable Sensor Interpretable Sensor ResultsResults

Tool IntegrationTool Integration

Audit TrailsAudit Trails

Lifetime estimatesLifetime estimates

Familiar APIFamiliar API

Extensibility of S/WExtensibility of S/W

Modular servicesModular services

~ For Developers ~

• 4 •

Tiny Application Sensor KitTiny Application Sensor Kit

TASK Field Tools

Stable Store(DBMS)

TASK Client Tools

TASK ServerSensorNet Appliance

External Tools

TinyDB Sensor Network

Internet

TaskView

Simplicity vs. FunctionalitySimplicity vs. Functionality

ModularityModularity

Remote controlRemote control

Fault TolerantFault Tolerant

• 5 •

SensorNet ApplianceSensorNet Appliance Intelligent GatewayIntelligent Gateway

Proxy for the sensornetProxy for the sensornet

Distributes queryDistributes query

Stages resultsStages results

Manages configurationManages configuration

ComponentsComponents TASK ServerTASK Server

TinyDB ClientTinyDB Client

DBMSDBMS

WebServer (Jetty)WebServer (Jetty)

TinyDB Client

DBMS

TASKServer

SNAhttp, other

ODBC

SensorNet

• 6 •

Sensor NodesSensor Nodes TinyDBTinyDB

Program via Declarative QueriesProgram via Declarative QueriesSELECT nodeid, temperature, hamatop, SAMPLE PERIOD 10000SELECT nodeid, temperature, hamatop, SAMPLE PERIOD 10000

Modular attribute driversModular attribute drivers

Extensions for TASKExtensions for TASK Power ManagementPower Management

Time SyncTime Sync

Query SharingQuery Sharing

WatchdogWatchdog

Multihop InterfacesMultihop Interfaces

Local LoggingLocal Logging

• 7 •

ToolsTools Field ToolField Tool

In-situ diagnosticsIn-situ diagnostics

TaskViewTaskView Integrated tool for Integrated tool for

management and management and monitoringmonitoring

• 8 •

DeploymentsDeployments In Lab deploymentIn Lab deployment

54 nodes54 nodes

Indoor Test environmentIndoor Test environment

Redwood TreesRedwood Trees 100 nodes100 nodes

2 acre grove in Sonoma2 acre grove in Sonoma

• 9 •

Lab DeploymentLab Deployment

Fraction Sucessful Transmissions vs. Node ID

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1 3 5 7 9 11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

37

39

41

43

45

47

49

51

53

Node ID

% S

ucc

ess

ful X

mit

s

• 10 •

Lab DeploymentLab Deployment

Losses CommonLosses Common < 75% yield / uncorrelated< 75% yield / uncorrelated

Need for application tech. to mitigate lossNeed for application tech. to mitigate loss

• 11 •

Redwood DeploymentRedwood Deployment UCB Botanical GardensUCB Botanical Gardens

23 Nodes / Wired Laptop Base / ~20 days23 Nodes / Wired Laptop Base / ~20 days

Sonoma Redwood GroveSonoma Redwood Grove 100 Nodes / 1 Stargate w/ GPRS & Solar / ~30 days100 Nodes / 1 Stargate w/ GPRS & Solar / ~30 days

• 12 •

Results DistributionResults DistributionSensor I d vs. Number of Results, Summarized by Parent Sensor

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Sensor I d

Nu

mb

er

oF M

essag

es

0 1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13Parent Sensor:

100 % of Results

62%

75%

61%

53% 54%

37%

51%

57%

38%

52%

35%

55%

3%

22%

48%

42%

• 13 •

Calibration Calibration Time of Day vs. Light

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

20:24 21:36 22:48 0:00 1:12

Time of Day

Lux

Chamber SensorSensor 69

Time of Day vs. Light

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

20:24 21:36 22:48 0:00 1:12

Time of Day

Ligh

t (L

ux)

Chamber SensorSensor 69 (Median of Last 10)

• 14 •

Power and Routing StatsPower and Routing Stats

Routing LayerRouting Layer

Sample PeriodSample Period

AvgAvg

DepthDepth

AvgAvg

YieldYield

MinMin

YieldYield

MaxMax

YieldYield

Avg PwrAvg Pwr

(mW)(mW)

Libroute- 30Libroute- 30 1.91.9 0.550.55 0.210.21 0.880.88 5.45.4

Libroute - 150Libroute - 150 1.51.5 0.530.53 0.120.12 0.920.92 1.41.4

Mint - 30Mint - 30 2.22.2 0.600.60 0.240.24 0.890.89 5.45.4

Mint - 150Mint - 150 2.12.1 0.600.60 0.130.13 0.930.93 1.41.4

Low Pwr - 30Low Pwr - 30 1.681.68 0.720.72 0.300.30 1.01.0 4.64.6

Low Pwr - 150Low Pwr - 150 1.981.98 0.660.66 0.330.33 0.940.94 2.22.2

• 15 •

Lessons LearnedLessons Learned Be PessimisticBe Pessimistic

Expect unexpected failuresExpect unexpected failures

Test at ScaleTest at Scale

Embrace SimplicityEmbrace Simplicity

Invest in Monitoring InfrastructureInvest in Monitoring Infrastructure

Calibration is not straightforwardCalibration is not straightforward

Beware Hidden AssumptionsBeware Hidden Assumptions

• 16 •

Future DirectionsFuture Directions Integration w/ FabAppIntegration w/ FabApp

Vector samples of arbitrary sizeVector samples of arbitrary size

Future DeploymentsFuture Deployments HP DataCenter HP DataCenter

BP shipboard BP shipboard vibration monitoringvibration monitoring

• 18 •

Loch RannochLoch Rannoch