© THALES NEDERLAND B.V. AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS

THIS INFORMATION CARRIER CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION WHICH SHALL NOT BE USED, REPRODUCED OR DISCLOSEDTO THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION BY THALES NEDERLAND B.V. AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS, AS APPLICABLE.

Unclassifed

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

JTA-3: EM-ambient site survey of industrial environments

Frank Leferink, Veronique Beauvois, Johan Catrysse

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

2

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Background

The knowledge of the ambient noise is of interest in Planning and setting up wireless datacommunications (in industrial

applications) and to estimate the risk and impact of electromagnetic interference.

No (as far as known) data available on the EM ambient in industrial environments

Actions 2004/2005: Collect and compare standards Collect data from external sources Collect data via measurements

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

3

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Standards

ITU-R P.372-8: Radio Noise CCIR, “World distribution and characteristics of atmospheric radio noise,”

Report 322, International Radio Consultive Committee, International Telecommunications Union, 1964

ITU-P.534 Method for calculating sporadic-E field strength CCIR, “Man-made radio noise,” Report 258-5, International Radio

Consultive Committee, International Telecommunications Union, 1990 ERC Report 69: Propagation Model CIGRE 36.04: Guide on EMC in Power Plants and Substations ITU 61 WG documents IEC 61000-2 environments CENELEC CLC/TS 50217 (2004-04): Guide for in situ measurements – In

situ measurement of Disturbance emission

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

4

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Activities outside Europe

Australia: DSTO-TR-0855, A Comparison of DSTO and DERA HF Background Noise Measuring System with the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) Model Data (2000)

US: NRaD TD 2813: CCIR Report 322 Noise Variation Parameters (1995) US: NTIA Report 95-321: Broadband Spectrum Survey at Denver,

Colorado, Sanders-Lawrence, (1995) US: NTIA Report 96-330: The natural and man-made noise environment

in personal communications services bands, Spaulding (1996) US: NTIA Report 02-390, Man-Made noise measurements (2001) Japan, Radio Noise Measurements and Related Standards, Sugiura

(2003)

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

5

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Activities in Europe

Belgium: Study and simulation of the ambient noise of an industrial environment for wireless communication applications, Catrysse-Rayee, Degrendele (2005)

Netherlands: Radio Noise Measurements-European harmonisation of measurement methods (2005)

Spain: Novel Procedure to Determine Statistical Functions of Impulsive Noise, Torio-Sanchez (2005)

Sweden: Measurements of Man-Made Noise at VHF, Rantakko-Lofsved-Alexandersson (2005)

UK: RA(OfCom) AY 3952: Feasibility Study into the Measurement of Man-Made Noise (2001)

UK: RA(OfCom) AY4119: Man-Made Noise Measurement Programme (2003) UK: Man-Made Noise Measurement Programme, Wagstaff-Merricks, IEE

Proc.Comm(2005) Etc. etc. etc.

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

6

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Conclusion on available data

There is a limited amount of information regarding man-made noise data.

It was either recorded before digital systems were deployed It was recorded at limited bandwidths and at frequencies below

900MHz. The currently available models (ITU or other) have value but are

likely not to be sufficient for digital modulation methods. There is a need to produce models, representative of current

environmental conditions, and with appropriate bandwidths (and therefore time-resolutions) commensurate with current technology.

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

7

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

What is MMN

Man Made Noise (MMN): White Gaussian Noise (WGN) and Impulsive Noise (IN),

most of it is Class B noise, typically made up of very short impulses that are very wideband and are frequently man-made in origin. The class includes impulses from automotive ignition circuits, thermostats, lighting, etc.

Measurements cumbersome: fixed frequency and sampling the IF

Dedicated to establishing the noise floor for services

But results have not been used to establish the EMI limits…..

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

8

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Measurements

To establish noise floor for services: fixed frequency, and measure IF (APD)

EMI: scan of whole spectrum needed Frequency spectrum:

30 Hz - 10 kHz 9 kHz - 150 kHz 150 kHz - 30 MHz 30 MHz - 1 GHz 1 GHz - 12 GHz

receiver

ADC

computer

Needed for establishing the influence of noise on specific services

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

9

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Measurements

Students Clean power:

Static converter in a faraday box

Measurements performed by COST 286 members: Catrysse: Beauvois: Leferink: Batterman You????

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

10

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Noise levels in ITU P.372

0372-03

A

E (0°)

D

C

B

E (90°)F

2 5 2 5 2 5109108

1010 1011

0

10

20

30

40

– 40

– 30

– 20

– 10

t (

K)

a

FIGURE 3

Fa versus frequency (108 to 1011 Hz)

F (

dB)

a

Frequency (Hz)

(1 GHz)

2.9 10

2.9

2.9 106

2.9 105

2.9 104

2.9 103

2.9 102

2.9 10 –1

2.9 10 –2

1

ABCDE

F

: estimated median business area man-made noise: galactic noise: galactic noise (toward galactic centre with infinitely narrow beamwidth): quiet Sun (½° beamwidth directed at Sun): sky noise due to oxygen and water vapour (very narrow beam antenna);: upper curve, 0° elevation angle; lower curve, 90° elevation angle: black body (cosmic background), 2.7 K minimum noise level expected

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

11

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Noise levels in CCIR 322

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000

Frequency [MHz]

No

ise

Fig

ure

ab

ove

kT

B [d

B]

Atmospheric Noise Figure, Northern Hemisphere [dB]

Atmospheric Noise Figure, Atlantic Ocean [dB]

Urban Man-made Noise Figure [dB]

Suburban Man-made Noise Figure [dB]

Galactic Noise Figure [dB]

Typical Receiver Noise Figure [dB]

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

12

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000

Frequency [MHz]

Non

Con

trol

labl

e Fi

eld

Stre

ngth

s [d

BuV

/m]

Atmospheric Noise, Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Noise, Atlantic Ocean

Urban Man-made Noise Suburban Man-made

Galactic Noise Typical Receiver Noise

CCIR rep. 1963, levels converted to field strength

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

13

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Measurement data

UK Ofcom Including statistics

Netherlands: 1997, 1999, 2005 Belgium

Both only 'worst case': related to upper decile

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

14

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

RA(OfCom) report AY 4119

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

15

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Conclusion UK study

The mean values of Fa observed during this study appear significantly higher than the median values given in [P.372]. The best explanation available for this is that the number of electronic and electrical devices has grown dramatically in the UK over the past few decades. Whilst EMC legislation has suppressed the IN emissions from automotive sources, there is a general background of WGN that is possibly caused by the incoherent summation of the radiation from hundreds of pieces of equipment. If so, then this is an important finding that should be verified by further tests.

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

16

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Experiments in The Netherlands: dec 1999

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

[dBµV/m]

30M 40M 50M 70M 100M 200M 300M 400M 600M 1G [Hz]

MESYAK-BOT/F_NUL-PKLIMEN 55011 F QP 1m

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

17

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Experiments in The Netherlands: dec 1999

From a Thales report 1999:'The noise levels and resulting radiated emission levels presented in Figure 2 are based on the studies performed around 1960. Comparing these levels with our measurement results obtained in nowadays urban and suburban environments in 1997 and 1999 we can observe an increase of approximately 20dB'

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

18

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Experiments on Atlantic (also industrial…): 2005

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

19

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

20

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Experiments on Atlantic (also industrial…): 2005

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

Frequency [MHz]

Re

ce

ive

r n

ois

e l

ev

el

[dB

uV

]

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

21

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Experiments in The Netherlands: july 2005

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000Frequentie (MHz)

Vel

dst

erkt

e (d

BµV

/m)

Ambient 29-06-2005

Ambient 29-06-2005

Ambient 28-06-2005

Ambient 28-06-2005

MCM meeting COST 286, Split, dec. 2005

Sept

emb e

r 2 0

04

22

© T

HA

LES

NE

DE

RLA

ND

B.V

. A

ND

/OR

IT

S S

UP

PLI

ER

S

Sub

ject

to

rest

rictiv

e le

gend

on

title

pag

eUnclassified

UNIVERSITY ofTWENTE

Actions: overview and status

What: When: Who: More details on the ITU-R P.372 2004 Ian Flinthoft More details on related CIGRE documents 2004 Prof. Varju More details on related ITU 61 WG documents 2004 Prof. Varju More details on related work within CENELEC SC205A (esp. WG10)

2004 Prof. John Newbury

Summary of EN 61000-2-x, ITU and other related documents

11-2004 Véronique Beauvois

Generic formulation on collecting RF ambient data in actual industrial environment and measurement procedure

4-2005 Prof. Johan Catrysse Prof. Frank Leferink

Statistical evaluation of data 4-2005 Prof. Ferran Silva Dr. Welinder

Preliminary report 11-2005 Prof. Frank Leferink Perform measurements

2005 Prof. Johan Catrysse Véronique Beauvois Prof. Frank Leferink ???

Collect data and publish 2006 ???