the first mention of england comes from the 6th century b.c. from naval handbook roman britain –...
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HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAN I.MARTINA ONDROVÁ,
4A
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A BRIEF HISTORY
The first mention of England comes from the 6th century B.C. from naval handbook
Roman Britain – invasion by Julius Caesar and Claudius – until 410
The Anglo-Saxon invasion – Jutes, Saxons, Angles – until 7th century (Germanic tribes)
Heptarchy – distribution of influence between 7 kingdoms - Northumbria, Mercia, Kent, East Anglia, Essex, Sussex and Wessex
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HADRIAN'S WALL
The border of Roman influence in England. It was built in 138 by Emperor Hadrian. It corresponds with nowadays Scottish bordes.
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Viking challenge – first attack – 793 Lindisfarne, their settlements – basics for creation of Scotland (Alfred The Great)
Norman conquest – Battle of Hastings, 1066 – William the Conqueror was crowned
Plantagenet – 1215 – Magna Carta (limited the power of the monarch)
The Wars of the Roses – Yorks (white) vs. Lancasters (red)
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THE WARS OF ROSES
A cause of conflict – followers of Lancasters remove the king Richard II. A consequence was an onset of the Tudor dynasty.
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TUDOR ENGLAND
1485-1603 rough, absolutistic
governance 6 kings and queens – Henry VII., Henry
VIII., Eduard IV., lady Jane Grey, Mary I. – Bloody Mary and Elizabethan era
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HENRY VIII.
6 wives, 2 of them executed Married to Catherine of Aragon – only child
Mary Anne Boleyn - second marriage (Elizabeth) Jane Seymour – boy Edward Anne of Cleves – seemed unattractive Catherine Howard – executed for adultery Catherine Parr – old widow
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HENRY VIII.
Dispute with the Pope The Church of England Musician, composer, poet, atlet, rowing,
dice play.. 72 000 executions Several mistresses