the sun 4 inner planets 4 jovian planets 8 dwarf planets 30 objects highly likely to be dwarf...
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The Solar
System
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The Structure of the Solar System
The Sun 4 Inner planets 4 Jovian planets 8 Dwarf planets
30 objects highly likely to be dwarf planets 60 objects which are likely to be dwarf planets 103 objects which are probably dwarf planets 394 objects which are possibly dwarf planets
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The Sun
One of 100 billion stars in our galaxy The largest object in our solar system.
Contains >99.8% of the mass in our solar system
70% H, 28% He Energy produced by nuclear fusion
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Mercury
Closest planet to the sun
Named for Mercury, the Roman messenger of the Gods
Similar in size to our moon
Unusual orbit and rotation
Iron-nickel core with silicate mantle
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Venus
Named for the Goddess of Love We can see it in the sky Similar to Earth’s mass and diameter Thick atmosphere of CO2 and
Sulphuric acid Very hot 482⁰C (greenhouse effect) Spins opposite of other planets
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Earth
Largest of the inner planets Atmosphere of N2, CO2, and
O2
Liquid water helps support life
Crust, mantle, liquid core, solid core Mantle consists of Mg, Fe, SiO4
Core consists of Fe and Ni Not too hot, not too cold!
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Mars
Named after the Roman god of war
Red in colour (iron oxide, Fe2O3) ½ Earth’s diameter A day on Mars is just 40 min
longer than on Earth Olympus Mons – the largest
volcano in the solar system (3x height of Mt. Everest)
Water on Mars (but not as much as Earth) Locked in permafrost in ice caps
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Asteroid Belt
Between Mars and Jupiter
Total mass would equal 10% of Earth’s moon
Ceres is the only dwarf planet in the inner solar system Indications of a weak
atmosphere and surface water
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Jupiter
Named after Roman king of the gods
Largest planet Giant gas ball (H and He) Solid core of Fe, rock, and
H2O 61 moons Huge storms – largest
storm is the Great Red Spot (so big, all of Earth could fit in it!)
Very faint rings
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Saturn
Named after Roman god of agriculture
Large and beautiful ring system Ice with some rocky
material Atmosphere of H and He Lightest of all planets 30 moons
Titan is a bit larger than Mercury
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Uranus
Named after Greek god of the sky Coldest planet (-220C!) Blue-green colour (due to methane in
atomsphere) Tilted axis; spins on its side
One hemisphere almost all day, other almost all night
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Neptune
Named after Roman god of seas
Smallest of gas planets Strong winds – up to 2000km/h Also has methane in
atmosphere causes green/blue colour
Atmosphere is H, He, and CH4 Large storms – also has a ‘dark
spot’ 8 moons (including Tritan)
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Dwarf Planets (Including Pluto) A dwarf planet is a celestial
body that: Orbits the sun. Has enough mass to assume a
nearly round shape. Has not cleared the neighborhood
around its orbit. Is not a moon.
The first five recognized dwarf planets are Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Makemake and Haumea.
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Dwarf Planets (Including Pluto) 8 Dwarf planets
30 objects highly likely to be dwarf planets 60 objects which are likely to be dwarf planets 103 objects which are probably dwarf planets 394 objects which are possibly dwarf planets