“The World We CreateThe World We Create””NATS 101NATS 101

Section 6Section 6

4/13/10

Welcome to class!Projects due today

Please have a blank sheet of paper and pencil ready for today’s lesson.

UNIT 4:A world of drugs, a blessing or a curse?

TODAY’S GOAL: Understand what a drug is and how drugs work.

• A word will appear on the center of the page;

• You will have 5 seconds to write down the first thing you think of.

Word:

• Save that!Drug

Your Ideas

So, what is a drug?So, what is a drug?

• What do you think?

• On the same piece of paper, write your definition;

• Share with your group members and choose the best of the group.

You have 5 minutes

DefinitionDefinitionDrug:

A substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the

body.

Name ‘em!Name ‘em!

• Each person – You have 20 seconds to list as many drugs as you know.

• Combine the lists, crossing out duplicates to form a new list.

• In your groups – organize the new list into at least 3 different categories.

How did you classify your drugs?

Our Government Chooses…Our Government Chooses…

1. OTC (Over the counter) – drugs which may be purchased with minimal restrictions.

2. Prescription – drugs which require a written note from a licensed health care professional.

3. Recreational – drugs which are used without medical justification and often for their psychoactive qualities.

How do drugs work?How do drugs work?

Our cells interact with substances in our body via

“RECEPTORS”.

Receptor – a protein which acts as a lock

on a cell.

Signals bind to receptors to alter the function of a

specific cell.

Signal – a hormone or other natural substance which acts as the

key to that receptor.

How do drugs work?How do drugs work?

Drugs mimic the signals in our

bodies, or the body of a pathogen, to lock, unlock, or

change the receptors to a cell

for a specific function.

How do drugs work?How do drugs work?

Signal Drug

OTC – OTC – How does it work?How does it work?• Ibuprofen (DRUG)• NSAIDs – non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs• Used for reduction of: Fever, Pain, Inflammation.

COX – 2 = Receptor pain activators =

signal

Result: Pain is reducedMuscles do

not swell

Drug mimics SIGNAL

Ibuprofen INHIBITS COX – 2

Prescription Drugs: Prescription Drugs: How does it work?How does it work?

Paxil: Antidepressant

Serotonin = Signal

(Regulates Mood, Appetite, Sleep)

Paxil: Antidepressant

Drug:

Inhibits the re-uptake of serotonin,

increasing its concentration and

effects.

Prescription Drugs: Prescription Drugs: How does it work?How does it work?

Recreational drugs:Recreational drugs:how does it work?how does it work?

• Nicotine: Psychoactive effects;• Used to induce feelings of: Relaxation, Sharpness,

Calmeness, Alertness, Loss of appetite.

Acetylcholine = Signal (Controls release of a variety of chemicals in the brain)

Drug Mimics the

Signal

Back to the ‘d’ word!Back to the ‘d’ word!**What was the first thing you wrote down after

seeing the mystery word?**

Was your overall impression of the word ‘drug’ positive or negative? Why do you think so?

• Take a few minutes to discuss in your groups how your image of the word ‘drug’ applies to one or more of the following categories:– Social– Political– Economical– Religious– Health

WHAT IS IT?

Drug abuse vs.

Drug addiction

Abuse or Addiction?

1. Jessica is a 23 year old graduate who takes 45 mg of Adderall every day,

because she feels it makes her focus better (not prescribed by a doctor).

Recently, she has suffered from irregular heartbeat and hostility outbursts.

is this drug abuse or drug addiction?

Addiction!Why?

Abuse or Addiction?

2. Sam, is a college student that takes 150 mg of Adderall whenever he has an exam although the recommended dose by his doctor was 25 mg for his ADHD

treatment.

is this drug abuse or drug addiction?

Abuse!Why?

Drug Abuse

Definition:

The use of illegal drugs or the inappropriate use of legal drugs.

The repeated use of drugs to produce pleasure, to alleviate stress, or to alter

or avoid reality (or all three).

Drug Addiction

Definition:

A pathological or abnormal condition which arises due to frequent use of a

drug. The disorder of addiction involves the continued compulsive use of drugs

in spite of adverse health or social consequences.

1.Loss of Control;

2.Compulsive drug use;

3.Cravings for drug;

4.Continued use despite

negative consequences.

Abuse vs. Addiction

The Four C’s of Addiction:

Abuse or Addiction?3. Molly calls her friend terrified because she

thinks that she sees spiders crawling under the wallpaper. She tells her friend that there are

thousands of them and they are trying to break through so they can attack her. She tells her

friend that she has taken a drug. Her friend knows that Molly often takes this drug. She usually experiences no negative consequences from

taking the drug on a regular basis. She had never had to be hospitalized for the side effects of the drug that she takes. After the effects of the drug wear off she is fine and back to her normal self.

Abuse Addiction?

Drug abuse and drug addiction can be thought of as points along a continuum:

1. Abstinence2. Experimentation3. Social/Recreational4. Habituation5. Abuse6. Addiction Molly

Tolerance

What do you know about tolerance to drugs?

Explain in your own words what tolerance is.

Take a 2 minutes to discuss this topic with your group members.

Tolerance

Definition:

Condition that may follow repeated ingestion of a drug in so that the effect

produced by the original dose no longer occurs.

Activity time!

• Your TA will divide each group into two equal halves.

• This is going to be a competition to see who can last the longest in a game of risk.

• You have 15 minutes to continue to the end of the game.

Activity

What did this activity have to do with the topic of drugs?

The different rounds represented your increased tolerance for a drug, and the associated increase in risk-taking. High tolerance can easily lead to overdoses,

especially of illicit drugs.

Wrap up

• What's a drug?

• What are three categories of drugs?

• What is tolerance?

• What is the difference between addiction and abuse?

• Are drugs a good or bad thing?