they want desirable traits from these organisms, for example: ◦ bright, colorful flowers ◦...
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They want desirable traits from these organisms, for example:◦Bright, colorful flowers◦Pesticide resistant vegetable and fruit
crops that can live longer◦Strong, powerful farm animals, race
horses, or perfect-looking show dogs
Why do humans want to alter organisms?
There are three methods of developing organisms with desirable traits:◦Selective breeding◦Cloning◦Genetic Engineering
How can humans accomplish this?
The process of selecting a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as parents of the next generation.
There are two types (inbreeding and hybridization) ◦ Increases the value of plants and animals to people
Dairy cows produce more milk Larger, juicer strawberries Faster, stronger race horses
Selective Breeding
This 1st selective breeding process crosses two individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles.◦Goal is to produce breeds of animals with specific traits Mating strong purebred German Sheppard police
dogs with the same traits to produce puppies that are very similar genetically.
Inbreeding
This 2nd selective breeding process crosses two individuals that have genetically different sets of alleles.◦Goal is to produce breeds of animals with a combination of specific traits Taking a fast horse and matting it with a tall horse in
hopes that the baby horse will be tall and fast.
Hybridization
Dolly The Sheep
Hello DollyDolly was the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
She was born in 1996 and died in 2003.
She was 6 when she died, about half the usual age for a sheep
Transferring a gene (or more) from the DNA from one organism to the DNA of another organism.
Why? Produces medicines, improve crops, and may cure genetic disorders.
Genetic Engineering