unit 6 part 1. what is art? o art and religion o locating art o art and individuality o...

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Arts, Media, and Sports Unit 6 part 1

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Page 1: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Arts, Media, and Sports Unit 6 part 1

Page 2: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Overview What is Art?

o Art and Religiono Locating arto Art and individualityo Representation of art

and cultureo Art and communicationo Art and politicso The cultural

transmission of the artso The artistic careero Continuity and change

Media and Cultureo Using the mediao Assessing the

effects of television Sports and Culture

o Footballo What determines

international sports success?

Page 3: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

What is Art? What is art to you? Is art the same to

everyone? Is there a such a

thing as a universal standard to art?

Page 4: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Religion Art and Religion have similar

issues when discussingo Both have definitions of

“extraordinary” o Both will distinguish between art

and ordinary If we treat religion in a special

way, should we do the same with art?

What makes art different from ordinary?o Jacques Maquet: Something that

stimulates and sustains contemplation; compels attention and reflection. Stresses the importance of the object’s form in producing artistic contemplation

Page 5: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

What is Art? Art: includes visual arts, literature (written and oral), music, and

performance arto Art is sometimes called expressive culture

• Dance, music, painting, sculpture, pottery, cloth, stories, drama, comedy, etc.

Many cultures lack a term that can be translated to “art” but all cultures associate an aesthetic pleasure and experience from similar thingso Aesthetic: appreciation of qualities perceived in art

Page 6: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Religion Art and

religion are usually tied together

Art can be displayed in public places making places special – just like religion

What are some other ways art and religion are similar?

Page 7: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Placement Is art only art when it’s put in a special place?

We tend to use special critics to tell us what is art and what is not

http://channelawesome.com/renegade-cut-citizen-kane/

https://youtu.be/Xrp0zJZu0a4

Page 8: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Debate! Are video games art?

Page 9: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and the Individual Should art and the individual be automatically tied? How important is it for an artist to be given credit for his work?

o Many non-western countries focus on social nature and context for art, not the individual

To what extent can a work of art stand apart from its artist?

Page 10: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

The Work of Art Is art a form of expressive

freedom or work?o The word opera is a play

on the word opus which means a work

For artists, art is worko Non-state societies, artists

must find time for basic survival and art

o State societies see artists as specialists• Most are part-time

How much work is art? When is art completed?

Page 11: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art, Society, and Culture

Art has existed for more than 70,000 yearso First cave drawings in Blombos Cave in South Africao Europe had cave paintings going back about 30,000 years ago

Portable music instruments also show evidence of art and music Art is for more than the artists – it is evaluated, exhibited, and performed

for societyo Art is for the spectators and the audience, not just the artist

Page 12: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Ethnomusicology Ethnomusicology –

comparative study of the musics of the world as an aspect of culture and societyo Study and analysis of music

itself and instruments used to create it

o Music as a way to explore culture, determine the role – historic and contemporary – that music plays in society, and the specific cultural features that influence how music is created and performed.

Page 13: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Ethnomusicology In today’s world, musical

styles are mixed together into World Music or World Fusion

Music is considered a cultural universalo Musical abilities seem to run

in families • Maybe a music gene

• Most mothers around the world sing to their children in a similar way

Page 14: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Ethnomusicology Music is the most

social of the artso Usually puts people in

groups Folk music – of the

people, i.e. the at, music, and lore or ordinary peopleo Originally came from

European peasantso Contrast with the

“high” or “elite” culture of European elites

Page 15: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Communication

Art is a form of communication between artist and community

There are some intermediaries o Actors translate works an ideas from other artists into

performance for the audience to appreciateo Musicians play and sing compositions of other people

along with music they have composedo Choreographers use music written by others to plan and

direct patterns of dance

Page 16: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Politics What is art’s social role? What extent should art serve society?

Many art that shocks and offends in its time becomes accepted and valued later

Artists are seen as aloof from society, creating art for themselves and elites that makes fun of ordinary people.

Page 17: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Art and Communication

Art can convey several messages.o It can teach lessons the artist or society wantso Can lead to catharsis – intense emotional releaseo Most art is meant to create an enduring message

What role does the artist’s intent play in a work of art?

Page 18: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

The Cultural Transition of the Arts

Appreciation of art depends on cultural background

Art is part of enculturation as well as formal education

What is aesthetically pleasing is based on culture Different cultures begin their teaching of the arts

at different ages

Page 19: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

The Artistic Career In some societies children

are born into family lines that require art as a career

Other societies view art as a callingo They discover they have a

certain talent Artists must have some

kind of support in order to succeedo Family or other patrons

Arts are considered neither practical nor ordinary, relying on talent

Page 20: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Continuity and Change Art changes over time and some stay the same Some art survives (Greek plays and cave

paintings) while other goes away The idea of traditional vs. change Combinations from different cultures

Page 21: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Media and Culture Mass culture (also

called popular culture) spreads much quicker than before

Give a framework of common experiences to a culture

Media messages can be analyzed for their nature, symbolism, and effects

Page 22: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Media and Culture Media consumers select, evaluate, and interpret media in

way that make sense to them Popular culture can be used to express discontent and

resistance by groups who feel powerless or oppressed Parents will pick messages that reinforce their own opinions

and life choices Media gives connection to a wider world – real or imaginary

Page 23: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Sports and Culture How do sports and media reflect culture? How does sports and media influence culture?

Page 24: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

(American) Football Huge spectator sport with

millions of fans Popularity based on mass

media, especially television Is football popular because

Americans are violent?o No…just a popular American

past timeo Features key aspects of

American life• Teamwork• Based on specialization and

division of labor

Sports travel well across countrieso Baseball popular in Japan

Page 25: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

What Determines International Sports Success?

Why do certain countries excel at sports? Cultural values, social forces, and the media influence

international sports success Media can heighten interest in all kinds of sports

o In US, Super Bowl is a national event. o The Olympics get extensive coverageo The World Cup is the only sports event that consistently

draws huge national audiences in Brazil

Page 26: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Brazil vs. US In Brazil, outstanding athletes represent Brazilians

the same way Congress represents the US A win by a Brazilian team or individual is thought

to brig respect to the whole nationo The media is very intolerant of losers

• Brazil has fewer athletes than US so a single one has to summarize the entire country’s hopes

Page 27: Unit 6 part 1.  What is Art? o Art and Religion o Locating art o Art and individuality o Representation of art and culture o Art and communication

Being vs. Doing Some factors that contribute to

sports success is ascribed or achieved statuso Can’t do much about ascribed

status, you can change achieved status

In US, success comes through achievement – what you do

In Brazil, it comes from being, not doingo Identity rests on where you are

from (social class) and extended family

o Rules are not uniform across social classes

o Victories and sports are for the privileged few