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COURSE PROFILE AND SEMESTER PLAN(SAP/RPKPS)

Course/Subject : Intercultural CommunicationCode/ Credit : ISK4107 / 3 SKS (3-0)Course Coordinator : Fitri H. Oktaviani, M. CommunLecturers Team : Muwafik Saleh, M. Si

Widya Pujarama, M. CommunicationYun Fitrahyati Laturrakhmi, M. I. Kom

Yuyun Agus Riani, M. Sc Nia Ashton, MA

Course Description

This course discusses the link between communication and culture, significance of intercultural communication studies in the context of Indonesia, and cultural factors influencing the communication process. In addition, it also discusses some research topics: basic concepts of intercultural communication, intercultural perception, cultural adaptation, verbal communication in intercultural communication, and methods to understand intercultural communication as a skill to interact with others in a pluralistic society.

Course Objectives

After completing this course, students are expected to understand the basic principles of intercultural communication, as well as to analyse and resolve problems and important issues in intercultural interaction. With regards to values, after finishing this course, students are expected to have a sense of intercultural tolerance, mindful attitude, and flexible intercultural skills.

Assessment: 1. Final test (Paper) = 30%2. Midterm test (Written test) = 30%3. Class activities (Simulation) = 15%4. Quiz = 15%5. Case study analysis = 10 %

Expected Learning Outcomes

Expected learning Outcomes

Midterm Test

In class Quiz Class Study Analysis

Simulation Final Assignment(essay)

Competence

(Mastering on theoretical concepts to analyse and solve the intercultural communication problems in order

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to carry out the associated roles toward the study in the community).Analytical Skills (capable to utilize communication technologies in order to solve the communication problems and to apply his skill to understand the related communication context).

Creativity and Innovation (capable to design and formulate communication programs and its models and to achieve communication strategic efforts).

Research Skills (mastering in the communications research technique design, related to the specialization which taken by the student)

Soft skills (including teamwork, communication skills, critical thinking) (has a sense responsibility at work, either independently or in a team. In addition, students may have critical thinking skill, ethical, responsive, participative, leadership, and aesthetic)

Compulsory References:

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Ting-Toomey, S. & Chung, L.C. (2012). Understanding intercultural communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Additional References

Arasaratnam, L. A. (2005). Intercultural communication competence: Identifying key components from multicultural perspectives. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29 (), 137–163

Fujio, M. (2004). Silence during intercultural communication: a case study. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 9 (4), 331-339

Gudykunst, W.B. (2005). Theorizing about intercultural communication. Thousands Oaks: Sage Publications.

Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7 (1), 81-94.

Hijri, F., Karim H. (2009). Race, ethnicity, and intercultural communication. Canadian Journal of Communication. 34(4), 543-546

Spencer-Oatey, H, & Franklin, P. (2009). Intercultural interaction: A multidisciplinary approach to intercultural communication. New York: Palgrave Macmilan.

Toomey, ST. (1999). Communicating across cultures. New York: The Guilford Press.

Various other Journals and Book

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Course Profile and Semester Plan, English Class, Department of Communication Science, Brawijaya University4

SEMESTER COURSE PLAN (RPKPS)

Course/Subject : Intercultural CommunicationCode/ Credit : ISK ISK4107 / 3 SKS (3-0)

Course Description This course discusses the link between communication and culture, significance of intercultural communication studies in the context of Indonesia, and cultural factors influencing the communication process. In addition, it also discusses some research topics: basic concepts of intercultural communication, intercultural perception, cultural adaptation, verbal communication in intercultural communication, and methods to understand intercultural communication as a skill to interact with others in a pluralistic society.

Course ObjectivesAfter completing this course, students are expected to understand the basic principles of intercultural communication, as well as to analyse and resolve problems and important issues in intercultural interaction. With regards to values, after finishing this course, students are expected to have a sense of intercultural tolerance, mindful attitude, and flexible intercultural skills.

(1)Week

(2)Course Material

(3)Lesson Form

(4) Expected Learning Outcome

(5)Assessment

Criteria(Indicator)

(6)Mark Percentage

(%)

1 2 3 4 5 61 Introduction to

intercultural communication

Seminar (lecture)Small group discussion

• Students understand the importance of KAB• Students understand the culture system which consist ofsurface = pop cultureintermediate = symbols,

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meanings, norms in: the traditions, beliefs, values

2 Intercultural communication flexibility


Students are capable of understanding and analysing Intercultural Communication

Models Intercultural Communication

Characteristics Intercultural Flexibility

3 Essential cultural value pattern

Seminar (lecture)Case study analysis

Students are able to understand and differentiate• Function of cultural values• Dimension of Cultural values

As well as to use it in the case analysis on related topics.

.

4 Understanding cultural identity

Seminar (lecture)

Small Group Discussion

Students are able to describe how:• Family Socialization and gender• Group membership (acculturation and enculturation)• Group affiliationCan shape cultural identity and social, as well as to identify ethnic-racial identity change process.

Quiz 15%

5 Culture Shock Seminar (lecture) Students are capable of

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Small Group DiscussionCase study

• Understanding culture shock• Intercultural adjustment• Re-entry culture shock

And also to apply those concepts in specific case.

6 Connection between verbal communication & culture

Seminar (lecture)

Small group discussionCase study

Students are able to describe and analyse how verbal communication and language can take a role in culture, including explaining the topic below : Human language: distinctive

features and rule patterns Appreciating Diverse

language function Verbal communication styles

7 Class activity Case study Analysis Students are able to apply the concepts that have been discussed in the previous meeting in order to analyse the cases that will be given at week 7.

10%

8 UTS Written Test 30%9 Non verbal

communicationSeminar (lecture)Case studySmall group discussion

Students are able to explain and describe• Impact & Forms of non-verbal communication• Boundary regulationsAnd its impact on intercultural communication.

10 Cultural Biases Seminar (lecture) Students are able to identify bias

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Case studySmall group discussion

issues relate to intercultural Communication within General principles of human

perception Ethnocentrism & stereotypes In group-out-group

boundaries Prejudice, discrimination, and

racismStudents are also expected to be able to define solutions to resolve those matters.

11 Managing intercultural conflict

Seminar (lecture)Case studySmall group discussion

Students are able to describe the stages and processes in the management of intercultural conflicts as well as to identify:

Factors causing intercultural conflict.

Intercultural conflict process factors

Flexible intercultural conflict skills (facework, mindful listening, cultural empathy, mindful reframing, adaptive code switching).

12 Challenges in developing an intercultural-intimate relationship

Seminar (lecture)Case studySmall group discussion

Students are able to identify the challenges of intercultural- interpersonal relationship development, including the understanding of:

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Invisible challenges Intercultural intimate conflict Raising secure bicultural

children13 Communication

Issues facing a global identity

Ethical intercultural communication


Students are able to identify and analyse global issues on intercultural communication and global identities which are influenced by The internet Transformation of local &

global identities Communication pattern

changes Personal identities in flux

Students capable to analyse : Contemporary issues in

intercultural communication ethics

Becoming ethical intercultural communicators

14 Class Review and Final Paper consultation and draft submission

Class Presentation Students have the provision for essays writing as well as understand the expected criteria.

Students Understanding on cognitive and affective aspects of the intercultural encounter scenario

5%

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15 Class Activity: How Does It Work?

Simulation

• Students are expected to experience in the intercultural communication problems by following intercultural communication scenarios which will be provided by the lecturer in the classroom.

15%

16 Final Test: Essay Submission

• Clarity of argument, ideas, and opinions that supported by evidence (theory, examples, statistics, expert opinion)• Coherence, structure, and logical essays• Accuracy and precision of writing a bibliography, citations, and the number of words, and also the use of academics language structure• Punctuality in submission

25%

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Assignment and Project Description

1. Class Activity : How does it work? Time : Week 14 Weigh : 15% Description:

This class activity is designed to help you comprehend difficulty in communicating with people from a different culture. You will be conducting a simulation by solving intercultural problems when faced with cultural code and symbols, values, and assumptions. You will be presented with an artificial culture scenario in the class.

Assessment will be given based on your understanding about cognitive and affective aspects of cross-cultural encounter.

2. Paper (Final assignment) Due Date : Final Assignment Day (final report) Week 14 (draft – 5%) Weigh : 30% (25% report + 5% Draft) Description:

Students (in a group of 5) write a 1500 words (+/- 10%) in relation to other’s people experiences (can be a family member, a relative, a friend, or etc.) about intercultural communication problems. You have to conduct an interview with minimum 1 person. Your paper should highlight and analyse one specific topic in our class, for example, culture shock, ethnocentrism, intercultural conflict, intimate conflict in relation with cultural problems, etc. Please use the following format:a. Background – write down the underlying problems of the case you are writing,

context of problems, and outline what you are going to write furtherb. Focus of problem – What you are going to focus on (e.g. culture shock)c. Literature review – please DO NOT JUST MOVE THEORIES TO YOUR

ASSIGNMENT FROM A BOOK – write your review of some literature you have read (minimum 2 books and 2 journal articles) that related to your topic.

d. Analysis – criticism, evaluation, based on your finding and literature. e. Conclusionf. Reference List (use APA style) g. Appendix : interview scripts, informed consent, group project information

sheet signed by participants

No Assessment Criteria Maximum Score(%)

1. Logic, Flow, ad Argumentation of paper 15

2. Cohesion, structure, and language of your paper 5

3. Originality, reference list, number of words, promptness 5

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of submission4. Draft submission (week 14) 5

Total 30%

Additional Information

Group Assessment Objectivity

Considering half of the assessment in the class is a group assessment, you deserve to ask for peer evaluation form if you feel that your group workload lacks of balance. Each member of the group should fill in peer group assessment form to assess their group mates and themselves and attach the forms in separate envelope submitted with your assignment.

Plagiarism and Fraudulence

To avoid fraudulence/ plagiarism you are asked to attach anti-plagiarism cover for every assessment submitted. By signing the cover (attached) you have agreed the risk and consequences if you commit plagiarism.

To understand what is plagiarism and how to avoid, please open http://komunikasi.ub.ac.id/download-form/ APA referencing system. For group work, you are responsible not only for your own work, but your group work.

Assignment Consultation

Consultation is important to make sure that you do your work as expected. Please refer to lecturer’s schedule for consultation hours.

Communication with Lecturers

Use email (shown at wiggio) or text me if you have any problem to discuss. Use proper etiquette for email and text. I do not accept text message for absence in class.

Attendance and Final Score Complaint

Your attendance is your own responsibility with academic department. You are expected to present minimum 12 meetings. There is no score upgrading/ assignment addition if you fail the requirement.

Final mark complain / clarification is accepted maximum one week after your score is published.

Lecture Material and Announcement

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http://komunikasi.ub.ac.id/download-form/

All of the lecture material is uploaded on the weekly basis at my account WIGGIO. Class captain should invite class members at the wiggio account. All of the course profile (SAP/RPKPS), assignment information, cover, and assessment is uploaded at WIGGIO.

You are responsible personally to become member of the group (do not rely on your class mates). My material is published for our internal interest. You do not have rights to re-publish it elsewhere without permission.

Punctuality Lateness tolerance is 20 minutes. If you are late more than 20 minutes 3 times, you are not allowed to join the class.

My expectation of you• Come on time (20 minutes tolerance) • Turn mobile phones off• Behave properly in academic setting• If you miss a class, it is up to you to put aside additional time to cover the

content you have missed. • If you miss a class write a letter. I do not accept SMS for your absenteeism. If

you are late in giving letter, give it to academic in 3 days max. I am not responsible for any absenteeism consequences.

• Seminar slides (including guest lectures) will be available on Wiggio, as well as copies of recommended readings.

• Be willing to answer questions and participate when invited you have lots to ‐contribute

• I expect you read material/ cases/ examples prior to class• Lateness limit is 20 minutes, except for prior permission.

Your expectation of me • Be on time (20 mins limit), if i have unexpected important thing to do, I’ll let

you know• Give you relevant material according to course profile (SAP/RPKPS)• Give you feedbacks• Give mark transparency

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FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCESCommunication Science Department

Assignment Cover SheetCommunication Section 1 To be completed by individual student or group leaderStudent number: Course Code:

Student Name:

Course Name: Word Count:

Lecturer: Due Date:

Assignment Title:

Extension Granted: Yes/No Approval Attached: Yes/No

I /We hereby declare that this is my/our own original work, and that no part of this assignment has been

copied from any other source or person except where due acknowledgement is made

no part of the work has been previously submitted for assessment in this or any other institution

if at anytime it is proved that I/we have given a false statement, I/we are ready to accept the consequences

Signature: _______________________________ Date: _________________ Please be advised that your work may be submitted through plagiarism detection software.

Section 2 To be completed by all group membersStudent AttendanceList Number

Student Name Student Number Signature (read the declaration above)

Please ensure that All pages are securely bound

The assignment is submitted without plastic cover or folder You have to kept a copy of the work

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Peer / Self Evaluation FormIntercultural Communication/ ISK 4133

The purpose of this form is to assess a group member’s contribution to the group effort. You only need to complete this form if there is perceived inequity issues within the group. The results of this form may alter an individual’s marks for this assessment.

There are various dimensions along which group members may have contributed to the group. These include their attendance at group meetings, their level of preparedness for group meetings, the quality of their contributions to group discussions, whether they delivered what they promised to the group in a timely manner, and their ability to work towards consensus. Use the 7 point rating scale given below to rate yourself and members of your group. Please be as objective as possible, taking behaviours rather than personal style into consideration.

1 = person did not contribute to group activities2 = person contributed to group activities, but his/her contributions were minimal3 = person contributed to group activities, and the contributions were substandard4 = person contributed to group activities, and the contributions were adequate 5 = person contributed to group activities, and the contributions were good6 = person contributed to group activities, and the contributions were very good7 = person contributed to group activities, and the contributions were exceptional

The scores given by all the members of the group will be averaged to compute an average peer evaluation score for each student. Once completed, attach this form to your assignment in enclosed envelopes (The number of the sheet will correspond to the number of your group members). Incomplete forms will not be processed.

Name of Student Student Number Score

Your Name / Student Number: Self Evaluation

Further Comments if any:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Informed Consent Form:

Name of Project: ____________________

Investigators: 1.2.3.

Date:

I hereby agree to be involved in the above research project as a respondent. I have read the research information sheet pertaining to this research project and understand the nature of the research and my role in it.

Signature of research subject:

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Date :

Dear.... (subject)GROUP PROJECT INFORMATION SHEET

I am pleased that you agree to be part of our project in relation to intercultural experiences that you have undergone. This assignment is a part of a requirement to pass Intercultural Communication Class (ISK4107). This form is used to explain about our project.

The purpose of the project is to analyse intercultural communication, especially those who have worked, interacted, in a specific period of time with people from a different culture (countries, races, ethnicity).

Your participation in this project is voluntary and you can withdraw at any moment if you do not want to involve in the project. All of the information collected by students are confidential and will not be used outside this assignment. Should you agree to participate, as we hope you will, I will require your signature to the accompanying consent form thereby confirming agreement and conditions on participation.

Best regards,1.2.3. 4.5.

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Assignment Assessment Criteria Intercultural Communication Paper

(Print and Submit with your paper Draft)

Filled by studentsTitle :Member of groups:

Attendance list number

COMPULSORY

Name Students Number

Filled by Lecturer

No Assessment Criteria Maximum Score(%)

Students Score

1. Logic, Flow, ad Argumentation of paper 15

2. Cohesion, structure, and language of your paper

5

3. Originality, reference list, number of words, promptness of submission

5

4. Draft submission (week 14) 5Total 30%

Feedback from Lecturers

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LATIHAN ANTI PLAGIARISME – Fitri Oktaviani

Plagiarisme (penjiplakan) bisa diartikan sebagai pencurian sebagian atau seluruh karya cipta, intelektualitas, pemikiran, ide, gagasan, kalimat, atau tulisan orang lain. Dalam dunia akademik, plagiarisme adalah kejahatan terbesar dan terendah. Jika anda tertangkap melakukan plagiarisme atau penjiplakan, anda harus siap menerima konsekuensi yang berlaku, dari pemberian nilai 0 untuk tugas anda, tidak lulus mata kuliah, hingga pencopotan/penggagalan gelar akademik jika kasus yang anda lakukan besar. Plagiarisme bisa dilakukan secara sengaja atau tidak sengaja. Keduanya tetap mendapatkan hukuman yang sama. Beberapa penyebab plagiarisme antara lain:

1. Asal copy paste atau mencontoh sebagian atau seluruh tulisan orang lain (baik dalam bentuk buku, artikel, penelitian, skripsi, dsb) TANPA merujuk penulis aslinya.

2. Mengambil sebagian atau seluruh tugas, penelitian, artikel, atau karya tulis apapun milik orang lain (entah diakui atau tidak) dari sumber manapun (internet, komputer teman, koran, majalah dsb) untuk dikumpulkan dan diakui sebagai milik anda.

3. Mengambil sebagian atau semua tulisan milik orang lain (dari berbagai sumber bisa internet, buku, skripsi) dan sebagainya persis sama dan TANPA di rujuk.

4. Mengambil sebagian atau semua tulisan milik orang lain (dari berbagai sumber bisa internet, buku, skripsi) dan sebagainya dan dimodifikasi tetapi TANPA di rujuk.

5. Tidak mencantumkan sumber / daftar pustaka dalam tulisan/tugas anda.6. Menggunakan tugas yang sudah anda kumpulkan atau dikumpulkan teman anda

untuk mata kuliah lain, TANPA diakui jika sebagian atau seluruh tugas anda pernah dikumpulkan sebelumnya (WALAUPUN TULISAN ANDA SENDIRI).

7. Rujukan di dalam teks dan di daftar pustaka TIDAK SAMA.

Untuk menghindari plagiasi, beberapa hal bisa dilakukan:1. Jika itu memang bukan ide anda (ide penulis buku, teori milik orang lain, tulisan

dan karya orang lain) anda harus mengakuinya dengan menulis rujukan dengan benar (lihat contoh saya).

2. Usahakan untuk memparafrase hasil bacaan anda, tetapi tetap tulis rujukan jika itu memang bukan pemikiran anda asli. Perbanyak sumber rujukan. Hindari merujuk ide satu orang terlalu banyak (misal 3 paragraf hanya dari buku X)

3. Gunakan teori/data/argumen/berita dsb orang lain yang sudah dirujuk untuk memperkuat argumen anda/ mendukung opini anda.

4. Selalu merujuk / mereferensi dengan benar. Catat dimana anda mendapatkan sumber anda.

5. Jika ingin copy paste sebuah ide, gagasan, teori persis sama dengan tulisan aslinya, gunakan kutipan langsung dengan tanda petik (“”) lalu di rujuk/ di referensi dan dicantumkan di daftar pustaka. Jika lebih dari dua baris, maka gunakan spasi single paragraf masuk.

6. Cara penulisan sumber/ merujuk bisa bermacam-macam, tergantung gaya yang anda pakai. Gaya internasional umumnya adalah APA, Harvard, MLA, Chicago, dsb. Apapun gaya yang anda pakai anda harus konsisten. Kelas saya memakai gaya APA (lihat contoh di bawah).

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CONTOH PENULISAN ESAY/TUGAS: Negosiasi Vs Argumentasi dan Persuasi

Negosiasi Vs Argumentasi dan PersuasiFitri H Oktaviani

Banyak pihak merasa bingung dengan perbedaan argumentasi dan negosiasi, karena keduanya merupakan proses komunikasi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang dikehendaki. Secara umum, negosiasi dibedakan dengan argumentasi karena argumentasi berkaitan dengan opini dan pendapat yang berkonflik (berbeda) sedangkan negosiasi berkaitan dengan perbedaan kepentingan (interest) atau tujuan / goals (Provis, 2004). Terkait dengan ini, Walton (dalam Provis, 2004) menggaris bawahi perbedaan antara dialog negosiasi dan dialog persuasi. Seperti yang dikemukakannya:

“In contrast to persuasion dialogue, negotiation is a form of interest-based bargaining where the goal is to ‘get the best deal.’ . . . The goal here is not to show that a proposition is true or right, based on evidence, as it is in a critical discussion” (1990: 412–413).

Maksudnya, negosiasi merupakan proses tawar menawar (bargaining) berdasarkan kepentingan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan deal atau persetujuan terbaik. Hal ini berbeda dengan persuasi atau argumentasi yang bertujuan untuk menetapkan siapa yang benar atau salah berdasarkan bukti, seperti dalam diskusi kritis. Walaupun demikian, Provis (2004) berargumen bahwa ada kalanya perbedaan ini menjadi tidak jelas, terutama ketika kita berbicara mengenai framing pada kasus-kasus tertentu yang menuntut persetujuan dan penerimaan publik.

Oleh karena itu, esay ini akan membahas lebih jauh perbedaan antara argumentasi dan negosiasi beserta contohnya, dan peranan komunikasi di dalamnya.

DAN SETERUSNYA......INGATESAY = ARGUMENTASI ANDA DIDUKUNG SUMBER (Bukan summary/ringkasan teori atau kejadian)

Baris ke 1-4 merupakan ide pokok esay saya. Saya tidak mengambil ide orang lain (tidak perlu rujukan)

Baris ke 4 – 7, saya memparafrase ide milik Provis dalam artikel jurnal, jadi harus dirujuk.

Bagian ini, saya copy paste dari pendapat Walton dalam artikel jurnal yang ditulis oleh Provis, jadi saya harus rujuk dengan kutipan langsung dan nomer halaman

Disini, saya mengambil pelajaran dari pendapat yang ditulis orang lain. (pemikiran saya sendiri, jadi tidak perlu dirujuk).

Lihat bagaimana saya memanfaatkan sumber pustaka (yang dirujuk) untuk memperkuat argumen/opini saya diatas.

Saya menuliskan tujuan dari esay saya. Agar pembaca tahu apa inti dari esay saya. dan isi dari tulisan saya selanjutnya.

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Provis, C. (2004). Negotiation, Persuasion, and Argument. Argumentation, 18, 95-112.

Walton, D. N. (1990). What is reasoning? What is an argument. The Journal of Philosophy, 87 (8), 339-

419.

ILUSTRASI PLAGIARISME Tulisan diatas bebas dari plagiasi. Bagaimanakah plagiasi bisa terjadi? Sebagai ilustrasi, saya akan memberikan contoh dengan beberapa skenario.

Satu paragraf dibawah ini saya ambil dari buku Ilmu Komunikasi: Suatu Pengantar milik Deddy Mulyana (2011) halaman 46. Kata komunikasi atau communicaton dalam bahasa Inggris berasal dari kata latin communis yang berarti “sama”, communico, communicatio, atau communicare yang berarti membuat sama (to make common). Istilah pertama (communis) paling sering disebut sebagai asal kata komunikasi, yang merupakan akar dari kata-kata latin lainnya yang mirip. Komunikasi menyarankan bahwa suatu pikiran, suatu makna, atau suatu pesan dianut secara sama. Akan tetapi definisi-definisi kontemporer menyatakan bahwa komunikasi merujuk pada cara berbagi hal-hal tersebut, seperti dalam kalimat “Kita berbagi pikiran,” “Kita mendiskusikan makna,” dan “Kita mengirimkan pesan”.

Skenario: mahasiswa diminta untuk membuat esay mengenai pentingnya komunikasi dalam berorganisasi.

CONTOH PLAGIASI

Semua rujukan yang ada di dalam teks harus di tulis dalam DAFTAR PUSTAKA.

Tulisan asli Deddy Mulyana dalam buku Ilmu Komunikasi

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Mahasiswa 1

Kata komunikasi atau communicaton dalam bahasa Inggris berasal dari kata latin communis yang berarti “sama”, communico, communicatio, atau communicare yang berarti membuat sama (to make common). Istilah pertama (communis) paling sering disebut sebagai asal kata komunikasi, yang merupakan akar dari kata-kata latin lainnya yang mirip. Komunikasi menyarankan bahwa suatu pikiran, suatu makna, atau suatu pesan dianut secara sama. Akan tetapi definisi-definisi kontemporer menyatakan bahwa komunikasi merujuk pada cara berbagi hal-hal tersebut, seperti dalam kalimat “Kita berbagi pikiran,” “Kita mendiskusikan makna,” dan “Kita mengirimkan pesan”.

Mahasiswa 2Komunikasi sangat penting dalam kehidupan berorganisasi. Kita mengetahui bahwa kata komunikasi atau communicaton dalam bahasa Inggris berasal dari kata latin communis yang berarti “sama”. Istilah communis biasanya disebut sebagai asal kata komunikasi, yang merupakan akar dari kata-kata komunikasi lainnya. Maka dari itu, manajer tidak bisa mengelakkan peran komunikasi dalam organisasi.

Mahasiswa 3Menurut Mulyana (2011) Komunikasi menyarankan bahwa suatu pikiran, suatu makna, atau suatu pesan dianut secara sama. Kata komunikasi atau communicaton dalam bahasa Inggris berasal dari kata latin communis yang berarti “sama”, communico, communicatio, atau communicare yang berarti membuat sama (to make common). Istilah pertama (communis) paling sering disebut sebagai asal kata komunikasi, yang merupakan akar dari kata-kata latin lainnya yang mirip. Akan tetapi definisi-definisi kontemporer menyatakan bahwa komunikasi merujuk pada cara berbagi hal-hal tersebut, seperti dalam kalimat “Kita berbagi pikiran,” “Kita mendiskusikan makna,” dan “Kita mengirimkan pesan”.

Plagiarisme total karena Sekedar copy paste tanpa dirujuk dan tanpa di parafrase

Plagiarisme total karena walaupun di modifikasi/ di paraphrase, mahasiswa 2 tidak mencantumkan sumber/ tidak merujuk untuk kalimat yang diambilnya dari Deddy Mulyana

Plagiarisme total karena walaupun mencantumkan sumber dan kalimat diputar2/ bolak balik,Mahasiswa 3 menggunakan seluruh paragraf Mulyana tanpa diparafrase dan dirujuk dengan salah

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Bagaimana merujuk yang benar? CONTOHMahasiswa 4Komunikasi merupakan hal yang sangat signifikan bagi jalannya sebuah organisasi. Definisi kontemporer komunikasi menyatakan bahwa komunikasi merupakan tindakan berbagi pikiran, makna, ide, atau gagasan (Mulyana, 2011). Oleh karena itu, dalam sebuah organisasi pertukaran makna antara anggota organisasi menjadi inti dari komunikasi organisasi itu sendiri. Sesuai dengan pendapat Chenney, Christensen, Zorn & Ganesh (2004: 8) yang menyatakan bahwa komunikasi organisasi adalah “the creation of meanings within an organisation”, maka anggota organisasi saling bergantung satu sama lain dalam memaknai kehidupan organisasinya. Hal ini terjadi melalui proses komunikasi.

CONTOH PLAGIASI LAINNYASkenario: di kelas lain, mahasiswa diminta menulis esay tentang motivasi. Salah satu tulisannya:

Mahasiswa ABSuatu faktor utama yang menunjukkan atau

mencerminkan vitalitas kerja adalah reaksi seseorang terhadap seberapa jauh harapannya telah dipenuhi oleh organisasi dimana ia bekerja. Hellriegel, Slocum, dan Woodman (1986:531) menyatakan bahwa kelelahan diantara para pegawai professional berhubungan dengan mempunyai harapan yang tidak realistic mengenai pekerjaan mereka dan kemampuan mereka untuk mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan, berdasarkan situasi tempat mereka berada. Niniger (1970) menemukan bahwa tingkat kepuasan pegawai yang harapannya terpenuhi secara signifikansi lebih tinggi daripada mereka yang harapannya tidak terpenuhi.

DAFTAR PUSTAKAPace, Wayne & Don F. Faules. (2002). Komunikasi

Organisasi: Strategi Meningkatkan Kinerja Perusahaan. Ed. Deddy Mulyana. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya

Blues, R. (2012), Teknik-teknik Negosiasi, Alamat web: ,file:///D:/Communication%20Departement/MODUL%20BUKU/persuasi%20negosiasi/teknik%20negosiasi/10%20Teknik%20Negosiasi%20%C2%AB%20Ryan%20Blues%20Berbagi%20%5E_

%5E.htm, diakse

s tgl. 5 Juni 20

Kalimat pertama berisi ide penulis sendiri

Menggunakan ide dari Deddy Mulyana, tetapi di parafrase dan dirujuk

Memasukkan argumentasi dan pemahaman mahasiswa 4 sendiri

Menggunakan sumber lain, untuk memperkaya tulisan & menghindari plagiasi.Menulis kutipan langsung dengan benar

Perhatikan kutipan yang ada di dalam teks ini:Hellriegel, Slocum, dan Woodman (1986:531) Niniger (1970)

Daftar pustaka/ referensi isinya tidak sama dengan referensi dalam teks

22


Daftar Pustaka

Argenti, P. A. (2009). Corporate communications. Boston: McGraw Hill-Irwin.

Ashkanasy, N. M. (2004). Leadership in the Asian century: Lessons from GLOBE. International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 5(3), 150–163.

Faizal, E. B. (2011, 5 July). More jobs 'does not mean' decent work, The Jakarta Post. Diakses dari http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/05/07/more-jobs'does-not-mean'-decent-work.html.

Mason, J. (2002). Qualitative researching (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Mulyana, D. (2011). Ilmu komunikasi: Suatu pengantar. Bandung: Rosda.

McKenna, B. & Rooney, D. (2008). Wise leadership and the capacity for ontological acuity. Management Communication Quarterly, 21(4), 537–546.

OECD. (2008). Improving labour outcome. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Tambunan, D. B. (2008). The professional phenomena of family business. Makalah dipresentasikan dalam ISB Asian Invitational Conference on Family Business, Indian School of Business, Gachibowli.

Tasci, A. D. A., & Gartner, W. C. (2009). A practical framework for destination branding. Dalam L. A. Cai, W. C. Gartner & A. M. Munar (Eds.), Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice (Vol. 1, hal 149-158). London: Emerald group publishing.

Panduan selengkapnya lihat di lembaran APA

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Jurnal

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