9th-10th Grade Qur’an Packet 7Ms. Yasmine

October 8-10

Name ______________________________________

Iman Academy SE 2014-2015

What are we learning this week?

Write reflections on three selections from the Qur’an Develop the habit of reading/memorizing the Qur’an daily Review memorization of Suwar from Juz’ ‘Amma (If you’re

done, move on.) Review Vocabulary Words from beginning of the year Review Surat an-Naba’ Tests and discuss test preparation Answer questions about Surat al-Nazi’at Correct recitation of Surat al-Ikhlas

Qur’an Journal: Doubts and FearWrite your thoughts on each of these two topics in light of the

Ayat.

Qur’anic Du’aa’ of the Week

ك على  8ن نا أتم8م لنا نورنا واغف8ر لنا إ ربكل شيء قد8ير

"Our Lord, perfect for us our light and forgive us. Indeed, You are over all things competent."

Wednesday, October 8: al-Baqarah 147

ك فال تكونن م8ن الممتر8ين ب الحق م8ن رThe truth is from your Lord, so never be among the doubters.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After discussion thoughts and reflections:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Friday, October 10: al-Baqarah 150

8ي  فال تخشوهم واخشونSo do not fear them, but fear Me.

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Memorization Plan

Surah & Ms. Tester Final Tester

Day Ayat Y’sokay

Name Grade

Signature& Comments

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Weekly Qur’an Log

Day Suwar/Ayat Skill Time

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Total Weekly Minutes: ____________

Nouman Ali Khan’s Dream Tafsir

Surat An-Nazi’at (Those Who Drag Forth) [79]

Section One: Oaths

In the last Surah, we read about the Hellfire; now let’s take a look at Jannah.

Introduction:

This is a Makki Surah. The conclusion of Surat An-Naba' related to the beginning of this Surah:

Allah said;

8ال من مون إ 8كة صفا ال يتكل وح والمالئ يوم يقوم الرحمن وقال صوابا أذ8ن له الرThe Day the Rooh [Angel Jibreel] and the angels will stand in rows. None will speak except who the Most Merciful (Allah) gives permission to, and he will (only) speak what is right. (Naba' 78:38)

So Allah ends the previous Surah with the mention of Judgment Day, and starts this Surah with the mention of the Last (Judgment) Day.

Oaths:

In the beginning of this Surah, Allah does Oaths (Aqsaam). But why are Oaths used?

Amongst the early generations, including the students (Tabi'oon) of the companions of Allah's Messenger, many had the opinion that an Oath is used for something that is:

- Sacred- Powerful- Awe inspiring

i.e. Allah swears by the; sun, moon, day, time, etc.

Ibn al Qayyim says in his book:

Al Mu'een fee Aqsaam al Qur'an (A Guide to Understanding the Oaths of the Qur'an), that when Allah swears an Oath - it has some relation to the Surah's message.It is a powerful means of introducing a subject in the Surah.

i.e. In Surat Al-Qiyamah, Allah says;

Laa Uqsimu bi Yawm il-Qiyamah, wa Laa Uqsimu bin-Nafsin Lawwaamah.

(No, I swear by the Day of Ressurection, and I swear by the blameworthy soul/nafs/conscience).

Then the rest of that Surah talks specifically about these subjects in detail.

Oaths in speech are used;

1 - When the audience doesn't believe what you are saying. (i.e. I swear by Allah that I was there).

2 - It shows anger by the one doing the Oath. The one who is angry will swear an oath. (i.e. I swear, if you don't do this, I will stop talking to you).

3 - To make your words be taken seriously:When people heard the Qur'an, they would ignore it, thinking that Allah's Messenger is making up his own religion. By Allah using Oaths - He is making the message heavy, making the people realize that this is serious speech which contains Oaths. (Ms. Yasmine adds: Oaths are thus useful starters, because they grab the attention of the audience.)

4 - The Oath as a consistent component of the Qur'an is a necessary introduction, or a precursor to what is going to come in the Surah.

Ayah 1:

از8عات8 غرقا والنwan-naazi'aat gharqanBy those [angels] who extract with violence

An-Nazi'at comes from the verb Naza'a, which means to pull out forcefully.

Gharqaa means to dive in.

(Ms. Yasmine: Gharqaa is an adjective. The word it is describing is INFERRED. The inferred word is Naz’aa, a Maf’ool Mutlaq, which is used for emphasis. Wan-Nazi’ati Naz’an Gharqaa)

So what has been depicted?

It is the image of someone diving into something and pulling it out by force.

1 st opinion : The majority of commentators say that these are the Angels, based on the opinion of Abdullah ibn Abbas (a companion and cousin of Allah's Messenger).

Al Baghawi mentions: Ibn Abbas had the view that the Nazi'at, Nashitat, Sabihat, Sabiqat and Mudabbirat are the Angels.

2 nd opinion: Other opinions, i.e. Hasan al Basri, say these are the stars, i.e. comets, when they have been pulled out of the sky.

3rd opinion; Remember that Allah does have ambiguous terms which the scholars might not unanimously agree to, but if the scholars of the 1st Islamic century have differing views - this is a proof that this verse is ambiguous, it is not absolute [muhkam], so to have differing views is not Kufr (disbelief).

So many Mufassiroon (scholars of Qur'an explanation) in history study the different views and see the proofs to come to a conclusion as to which is the correct opinion.

One such opinion is that an-Nazi'at refers to the winds. This is because the suffix (end of a word) which is ____AAT has referred to winds before i.e. Mursalaat, Dhariyyaat, Jaariyaat. So that is strong linguistic evidence.

Al Islaahi has the opinion that it is winds. Why does he have this view?

1- He argues: An-Nazi'aat is a feminine plural ___AAT [alif, and Ta at the end] (jam' mu'annath salim).

But Allah speaks against attributing femininity to Angels.  

Has your Lord taken from the angels daughters/females? - Israa' 17.40.

So Allah criticizes this.

And when Allah does speak about Angels in the Qur'an - He speaks consistently about them as: Munzaleen, musawwimeen, murdafeen (masculine plurals - jam' mudhakkar salim).

Even when Allah does speak about the Angels in the feminine plural i.e."qaalaT al malaa'ikah" (said the angels), this is because they are broken plurals [jam' at-takseer]. And you use the feminine singular for broken plurals in Arabic.

However, when this is switched i.e. al Malaa'ikatu QaalOO (the angels said) - we see it is masculine plural again.

This is his literary criticism of why he believes it cannot be angels.

2 - Another reason why scholars say it is not angels because this Ayah describes something diving into something else and pulling it out.

In Ahadith, which mention that the soul is pulled out from the toe, the imaging of how death occurs depicts the soul being pulled out of the body, and that the angels do not enter into it. Allah knows best.

So he argues this, and says that there is no other explicit mention of angels diving into bodies to remove the soul.

Some scholars further support the opinion that this Ayah is referring to winds, based on the Ayah:

Verily, We sent against them a furious wind of harsh voice on a day of evil omen and continuous calamity. Qamar 54:19.

Another word meaning to snatch and pull out has been used for Wind, in the Qur'an.

We here have two types of opinions, one which is the majority view, and another which also has strong evidence.

This shows the comprehensive nature of the Qur'an. Remember that when these Makki (Makkah revealed) Surahs are recited, they are heard by a predominantly group of disbelieving audience. When they hear it - they're not going to ask Allah's Messenger the explanation of these Ayaat (out of their false pride.) They hear this, it stays in their memory (because they had extremely good memories after just hearing it once) and they would walk away.

So when Makkan Surahs were revealed, the disbelievers' would understand (even if at a basic understanding) - some part of the Qur'an. The believers would however - get a deeper spiritualistic understanding because they could ask Allah's Messenger what an Ayah meant.

The Qur’an was revealed in Lisaanin 'Arabiyyun Mubeen - (the Qur'an is) in clear Arabic speech. - [Nahl 16:103.]

Allah says: ماء8 وما 8ج ف8ي األرض8 وما يخرج م8نها وما ينز8ل م8ن الس يعلم ما يلح8يم الغفوريعرج ف8يها ,He (Allah) knows what enters into the earth - وهو الر

and what comes out of it. - [Saba' 34:2]

The disbeliever thinks this quoted Ayah is referring to how rain and seeds enter into the earth and plants come out of it. But the believer has a deeper and more spiritual understanding - knowing that this Ayah also refers to humans dying and entering into the earth, and then coming back out of it on Judgment Day.

It is the same statement, but with different depths of understanding.

Al-Islahi: This is why the polytheist probably thought that these Ayat were referring to the winds. (Ms. Y: That would be the literal meaning.)

The interpretation of “the Angels” is still valid and the majority view, (Ms. Y: and it would be simultaneously understood by the believer).

In conclusion, if it is:

Winds: Allah is swearing by hurricane and tornado winds, which pull and force out roots of trees, or buildings out of their foundations etc.

Angels: Allah is swearing by angels which enter into the body of the disbeliever and pull out their souls - which do not want to come out - forcefully.

Ayah 2:

اش8طات8 نشطا والنwan-naashittaati nashtan And [by] those who remove with ease

Nashtaa - undoing a knot without any effort. (This is a Maf'ool Mutlaq used for emphasis.)

Imagine a loose knot on a rope which gets undone easily when the animal wriggles/moves. So this Ayah can imply the following, depending on the scholarly opinion:

Angels: When the angels smoothly enter the body and smoothly take out the soul (of the believers). Like a very loose knot which can be opened without effort or force.

Winds: a Smooth breeze of wind (in comparison to the forceful wind of Naz'). These winds would be a means of comfort and relaxation.

Ayah 3:

8حات8 سبحا اب والسwassaabihaati sabhanAnd [by] those who glide [as if] swimming

Sabh = to swim quickly and smoothly float. (ie. without splashes, or gliding smoothly etc.)

Angels: when they swim into the body smoothly and effortlessly

Wind: Clouds that are floating/swimming in the air smoothly by means of the breezes of wind that are pushing them.Ayah 4:

8قات8 سبقا اب فالسfas-saabiqaati sabqanAnd by those that press forward as in a race (i.e. the angels or stars or the horses, etc.)

Fa - then (this Fa connects Ayah 3's meaning with Ayah 4.)

Sabq - to Race - when one thing is ahead of another (in the race).

Angels: When the Angels: - Smoothly slide into the body (to get the soul) - Ayah 3- THEN race back to Allah with the soul they have taken - Ayah 4

Winds: When the winds:- Smoothly push the clouds - Ayah 3- THEN the clouds “race” other clouds - some going ahead of others. – Ayah 4

Ayah 5:

رات8 أمرا فالمدبfal mudabbiraat amranAnd by those angels who arrange to do the Commands of their Lord

Mudabbiraat [ism fa'il, i.e. the one who does ->] - Tadbeer - Thorough, detailed Planning/organizing/complete execution of a command.

It is related to the word Thumma Adbara Yas'a [Nazi'at 79:22], which will be explained later in the Tafsir of this Surah, in sha' Allah.

Fa - 'Then' - a continuation from Ayah 4.

Al Mudabiraati 'Amraa

Angels: The angels who execute Allah's Commands

Winds: In Surat Al-Mursalaat, we have wan-naashiraati nashra, fal faariqaati farqa in reference to the winds. The wind distributes clouds in different directions, dust,

pollen, rain etc. All life is sustained by winds due to them distributing rain, pollen etc. Some places get rain, others do not, some places are flooded, others gain enough rain and pollen to turn into lush gardens.

Both these meanings can be captured by these Oaths.

There are many words for planning   in the Qur'an: - Tadbeer (mentioned now in this surah) = Detailed planning.- Kayd - a Plan of Secrecy.(Fa in kaana lakum kaydun fa keedoon - So if you have a secret plan, then (go ahead), plan against Me. – 77:39) (wa kadhaalikna kidna li Yusuf - and like that, We planned secretly for Yusuf – 12:76) - Makr - a plan of retaliation against an enemy. Whenever Allah ascribes this word to Himself, it only occurs after the oppressors have oppressed Allah's believing slaves (wa makaroo wa makarAllah, wa Allahu khayrulmaakireen - and they planned, and Allah also planned, and Allah is the best of planners. – 3:54)- Heelah - a clever plan to maximize your benefit, and minimize harm, by trying to manipulate the rules/laws. (...wal wildaan laa yastatee'oona heelatan - Except for the oppressed among men, women and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way – 4:98) i.e. Sadly, some people in our Islamic history would give the money they owed in Zakat (obligatory charity - for purification) to their wife as a gift at the time of Zakat collection. When the time for collection was over, their wife would give them their gift of money back. This way, they did not pay Zakah/Zakat, and they used this method of Heela.

So out of these words and others, Allah used the word:

Muddabir - from Tadbeer - taking a step back (Dubr) before making an action. And when they have made their decision - they walk forward after a detailed decision has been made. (Ms. Yasmine: Did you know that Home Economics class is called Tadbeer Manzili? It’s where you learn to organize and manage your home!)

Now that Allah has taken an Oath by these things. He moves to a new subject.

The first few Oaths rhyme when discussing one subject matter, and now that a new topic is about to be discussed - a new rhyme scheme has begun.

But after all these Oaths - there was supposed to be a Response (Jawab) to the Oaths. (i.e. I swear [=Oath].. I will do this.[=Response])

But no Response is mentioned to the Oaths' in this surah! [This is called Hadhf]. This removal of a Response is because this Surah is part of a series of other Surahs which do provide a Response.

i.e. There are many Oaths in Surat Al-Mursalaat, and the Response to them is finally given in Ayah [77:7] - Surely what you have been promised (of Judgment Day) will for sure occur.

The benefit of removing the Response is:- So you research other Surahs in the Qur'an to find the answer [omitted Response].- Your attention remains on the rest of the Surah to find out why Allah said these Oaths in the beginning.

So Allah now begins to describe the Day of Resurrection.

In Surat An-Naba' - Allah describes the sceptic first (Ayah 1 - 3: What are they asking each other? About the Great news, about that which they are in dispute..).

Then He later describes the Hereafter (inna yawm al fasli kaana meeqaata - Surely the Day of Decision will be established - Ayah 17).

In this Surah, an-Nazi'at - Allah describes the Resurrection first (Ayah 6 onwards), and then the sceptic later. (Ayah 10)

This is a stylistic device. (i.e. You fold something up, and then unfold it in its reflective/symmetrical form.)

This surah will be a symmetrical (similar yet opposite) ordering of the previous Surah, Naba'.

Questions:

1- Briefly explain a link made by Ustadh Nouman Ali Khan regarding the transition from Surat An-Naba’ to an-Nazi’at.

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2- According to many of the Tabi’un, what types of things does Allah take oaths by?

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3- List and mention when oaths may be used in speech and provide one example of any of the four.

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4- Briefly mention the supportive evidence as to why Nazi’at could mean winds.

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5- What is the majority opinion on the meaning of Nazi’at here? Why?

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6- What is the meaning of nashta?

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7- In each case of the Angels or Winds are meant here, explain each of their roles in the Ayat. (Five Ayat... five descriptions!!)

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8- What are some other words in the Qur’an that illustrate different types of planning? Provide their specialized meanings.

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9- In this Surah, there is no response to the oaths made. What is leaving something out called in Arabic grammar, what is the benefit, and where have the responses gone?!

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10- Compare the order of topics in Surat an-Nazi’at to that in an-Naba?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Recitation Focus: Surat al-Ikhlas

Mark the letters/vowels that you need to practice. Include the time you spend practicing in your Qur’an Log.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

ه أحد قل هو الل

ه الصمد الل

8د ولم يولد لم يل

ه كفوا أحد ولم يكن ل

Comments for Improvement: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________